Je 19
(GZ) KEY WoRD TRANSFORMATION (based on Comparisons}
itwas easier to get a ticket than I had expected. (as)
itwonrtt sojas diffculthard as |had expected fo... getaticnet,
‘You must reduce your speed when going through town. (drive)
You must drive more slowly wheniat a slower speed going through, town.
They say that anxiety is not as harmful as stress, (suffer)
They say that ........f@. Suffer from stress is more harmfulidoes more hay . than anviety.
: itis more harmful to suffer from stress
Iwas not so much a discussion as an argument. (of
a was more of an argument than. von & discussion.
The northwest of Britain has mote rain each year than the southeast. (rainfall)
The annual ‘rainfall in the northwest of Britain is greater. than that of the southeast. A
My brother ivlaw isthe most exasperating person I've ever met. (yet)
. ot hhave yet fo meet amore exasperating person. soo than my brother intaw.
|| 7. Ayearago these goods cost half as much as they do now. (doubad) :
| These goods have doubled in price in/during lover... uummmnnne th Last YOR.
| 8, Running those last ten miles in the marathon was really hard, (sre
i The most strenuous part of (running) the marathon, was those lat ten mies.
| had underestimated the changas | would tind in my home town. (extent)
My home town an had changed to.a greater extent than |. hhadt-expected.
10. What Anna hates most about these school reunion is posing for photographs. (mars)
There's... nothing, Anna hates more about these school reunions. tnan posing for photographs.
=| DERIVATIVES
A Peasants Diet
During their research, historians made the (}.. disogvery that DISCOVER
in 14th-century England, the ordinary peasant enjoyed a (1). varied, vaRY 5
diet. He kept poultry and grew vegetables on land (2. surrounding... SURROUND *
his cottage where he also keat an (3). eccasional pig. Bread OCCASION
and ale were, of course, staple ()........fequlfements, - meat and REQUIRE
cheese were a(5). sequler. addition, and bacon was nat REGULATE
~aln) Infrequent... vistorte the table, Apart from domestic FREQUENT
sources of food, the filds and woodlands were (7) ale... LiFe
with game and, although deer enjoyed the (3) protection of PROTECT
storm laws, poaching was common, despite the (} risk RiskY
of discovery by sic and AMBER... gamekeepers ware USE © ENGLisi
5] quien ctoze test mu: PAST PAPERS
(adapted)
(adapted)
Lert-Ha RS
"My research into the phenomenon of why some people are left-handed and the effects of let-handednass in a
right-handed world has been something (9) of ‘a personal adventure. The idea came as one
6f those twilight flashes of inspiration that arrive, quite unexpectedly, (1) whilst, in a half-awake,
hattasleen slate. [nave no idea What... provoked ites had never been parisularly aware of my
lefvhandedness, other (3). EM@M. une when people had noticed me writing and remarked (4...0%... i
ltwwas my research that sparked eff a host of long-forgotten memories of discrimination al school and at home,
Bananas SighICRNCE of which had passed unnoticed atthe (3). HiME «alsa
served to dispense weit several time-worn complexes, the origins of which | had never
conitonted ui | began to dig them up.
[had been labelled clumsy, thrown out ofthe kitchen at an aay £20)... 898.
then criticised for not helping with the chores. Now | was discovering that my complexes were du to
society's blinkered atitude towards lef-handars, (7 an, vw alttud that tends to persist
02), even in these enightoned times,
Fhe project produced ah extra bonus. Letters came inom all? around, the county from
lefthanders cx parents of le-handed children who were crying «2 out forletthanded
scissors, can-openers and other items. Having found out (78 Mere au t0 obtain them, [launched
a mal-order sarvice called Leties, which is now a flourishing business,
of as similar 2, time /present occasion 14. this fan which
. that / being f whilst 7. away wth jo 412, even | although / despite
what | how | that 8. until | although / when 19° pats /fn around
- aoa than /as 8, out/in/ down 44, foud | always fout
. of on fat stat jchlohood / age 15. where /as / way
a te / though
PAPER 3
TE) Fit each of the numbered blanks in the passage . PAST PAPERS
with one suitable wor (adapted
Ewe SELECTION *
Theprocess of selecting employees by nteviow is as oldas employment self Faced(o......ith
‘he tas of picking the bast rom a band of strangers, employers can use records and recommendations from
other people in a(n) (1)... @fort ator... to infer futlire behaviour (2). from, this
second-hand knowledge ofthe candidate's pasl. However, isthe face-to-face intorviow
that wll cement their decisions. The fact is thet the interview has (a. been the
Principal too! of selection for /5)...$9.... long that its often continued even though there may be no clearly
sizzle ® knock * rattle * snap decision —_* buzz of convorsat
Mca CLozE Test
Ithhadn't been a (82... 8PP.oneue decision, but Roy knew he'd (2 Pep,
the question someday, and now he stood, with tis best man, at the front ofthe church}
amid a (3) buzz, cf conversation from the congregation. You could sayhe
2 (fone nnlked,
was nervous, though “terified” would be a better word, a
by and no sign of Lucy. Then the organ began to play, people rose to their feet, and the
hoo ABE, on of Lucy's Westin dress told him sho had arrived. “How long
thought Roy, “before Il be hearing the (@........ Patter. ofltie feet?" ‘
4 a tap slam e. pop @snp ;
@. bang b. squeak ©pop d, tap j
a. patter b. clatter © crackle @buzz j
@ ticked b. knocked ©. rated 4. buzzed
2. sizzle ©. squeak crackle
@catter o. rattle 4. rustle
@ % a
©)
Y aed A
Tue Rea e PAST PAPERS
_ __THe Beat VALUE 8 FRETS —
The ownership of pets brings a variely of benefits that the uninitiated would never believe. For
every tale of shredded cushions, flattened plants and chewed slippers, there is another testimonial of
inteligence, sympathy and undying devotion. Now the growing body of research ito the medical and
social advantages of pet ownership has confirmed what pet owners have always intuitively known: that
pes are not just loving companions but actualy do us good. Researchers have established the value
Of pe's in soothing and reassuring humans, particulary when il, lonely or in distress. Perhaps the
unquestioning love and approval pets give us is something we don’t always get from our human
nearest and deerest.
(Our makeshift nderstanding of psychology leads many of us to view very close relationships with pets
with suspicion. Chidless couples in particular give rise to speculation, but a consultant in animal
behaviour says, “There is no evidence that a pel is a direct substitute for a chil.” And while many
‘duit fel foolish i caught talking to their pets, they have no need to. The experts say you cannot have
2 close relationship with a pet without treating "as a person and that taking to a pet is not unhealthy -
simply a way of establishing rapport
‘The wobbiing helplessness of a young puppy or a fly Kitten stirs protective instincts deop within
Us and prompts many parents to Buy pets for thelr children in the hope of insiling a sense of
responsibilty and caring and acceptance of the facts of life and death. But animals don't have tobe soft
‘and cuddly to bring out he best in us. A social worker encouraged aggressive boys to handle ferrets - “i
handled correct, they respond with friendship; if incorrectly, they bite."
‘Thera seems to be no doubt that emotionally and physically, our pets do us good - but there isa price to
be paid, When loved anime dies, tis often a traumatic event - and then where do we turn for comfort?
ANALYSIS:
IDIOMS « EXPRESSIONS,
* growing body of research: increasing amount of research bring out the best in: produce the
# do us good: are good for us * most positive quaiiies
© makeshift understanding: poor understanding ‘a price to be paid: consequences;
* leads us to view: causes us fo believe suffering to go through
* give rise to: cause ‘tum (to sb) for comfort: go to (sb)
« Stirs protective instincts: brings out protective instincts for comfort
+ In the hope of: noging to
a. without end
unineted iam]
shredded ia b. sir, fice animal
chewed co 6. eutino strands, pieces
undying xml 4. sof long-haired
S. intuvey co @. causeto acquis gradvaly
soothing o {. witout being folatom inctinct
speculation co 4 no steady
rapport co A. without special knowledge
. wobbing oH 1. guessing
futy oo I. making calm
+ instiing ca ic halteaten
ferret o 1, reatonship D PREPARATORY
» CQ] KEY WORD TRANSFORMATION
"1. A taxi will get there in a third of the time it takes the bus. three)
The bus sss dl take/takes three times as long. ava asa taxi.
. The Riverside Lodge is more of a quest house than a hotel. (much)
The Riverside Lodge .....nnueet8 et so.much (of) a hotel as a guest house,
‘The most the bank will land you is £500. (more)
You can't borrow more than £500 so from the bank.
They arrested at least thirty people at the demonstration. than}
No fewer than thirty people were arrested... at the demonstration.
Ws less crowded here than | expected. (many)
TMP cnn arent as many people here as | expected,
It makes no difference to me whether we go to France or Spain. (soon)
Td just as soon go to France as (go to}i(to) Spain
I've never met such a vain person as Sally. (fer)
Sally is . by far the vainest person | have (ever) me
8, What | enjoyed most was the dolphin display. (more)
There was nothing Lenjoyed more than’... the dolphin display.
Mca CLOZE TEST
My nephew, George, owed a lot of money and wanted me to come to /2)....0M@.f28eMe..... and
end hirm:€2000, George was a mechanic by (2)....PFOFPSSION..... but by NO (Sn. 8HBEER,
of the imagination could he be called a hard-working man. Now, | am by f4).....82.AOANS....
‘a wealthy man and had already lent him more than I could afford. When I-efused he grew angry and
stormed out, (9)....S!amnming...... the door behind him. A minute later | hard him driving away
in my car. Enough was enough! | decided to (s). throw, ... the book at him this time and
phoned the police to report a stolen car.
a. the bol @®trerescue _—g. thecrunch_—_, mysanses
“2 a. coincidence —_b, design @©protession —_d._ request
2 @ stretch b. extent ©. range d. span
4 a. far b. any chance . luck @ no means
5. a. snapping b. knocking © siamming d. popping
a. read ® throw e. take a. go