IMPORTANT
FORMATS § NOTES
For A- LEVEL (AQ)
ACCOUNTINGCommand words
ema words andi ain op candies no wht expec thal tea. Theale
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‘otenajecconen,
Conmandwerd Whit meine
ave ie own gg ous ofan a gen stanton
Alocie charge vend tan be deat trout peli cot centre that centre
oss xii eta to show main erty lene the eatlorsip betwen ther
Povecion carota tat cnet det ateibuable 3 cat care te cates
‘sight cnet on propia
pects ake ire jg
oleate wou raphe, pues tnaton
comm _prealomed pian
compare entice nes anor eres
Date hope mening
ecibe sutton characte an features
Discus wit sate tpi in det astrcred way
eatate jd orcad quly, petra, wo oat
ele at upper ora /mae he laos even igs evr poide
yandlernow ana caper wheat viene
ety release
sosity ‘appr as ith evercefraet
Pregute preset nfoton in sta lomat
anperten reduced om un production east canes on n opie bss
acne roast eto guest conf th greet
state grein
oo rsa A2-LEVEL (New Syllabus) - CAMBRIU
(i BRE Ra
These a
we wok THCluc
ed ity UAE
DGE- (INDIVIDUAL TOPICS)
Chew
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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oe 2. cyss_ SOMR
Pe maging Oana
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a eS
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22-0) _—_|__Nw 20006) _ te 1209-16CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7a Fase OF
an Fige=07
7 ay aha Figo =0F
abe aT Fags Ot
‘a fa sawn Fr ea A, ear od Pape
7B iy inion eee Tor ET aE Pee
7 Racal aaa NS ET Piae=T0
[7B nea ai
Solar ~ — 4
moe sateen Page
4 Steno rach pastas orig cpt hove) Page 12
{Solero anceps eta! ta) Page 13
‘Stems allen ew fra) Paget
7 BT Poe
7 Can [Faee=T6]
7a was Page 17
7 Sin ry an SST Pine 19
7 Ne aig a SAT Pago
come ste age -28
ota spinon AC (OM a New rma) Page 30
& Gren At orp Peet
5 Reniaton Ne
& noi ae Page 34
& Canta Page 38
 Retfoon Cun Eople
Sine of fmelion Page—36
‘Sine! hm fsion oi cures JC Pase= 37
 
 
 
 
Ta
 
© Poli and os appopion ACwRS | CHS
 
 
(Capi
‘Sock TveHion)
Parse
Sila Rovenoe Turnover
Discount eseived
Discount alowed
‘ilowance for Dai Debs
Bad Des
‘Caniage Tae
‘Caringe Outware
Datos Aceount Receivable
‘rete / Account Payable
Reta Invards Sales Rea
Return Outwards/Parchoses Retumi RY we
apa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rent Rateand nsuran> <
Selves and Wages
Norra ects
Frain deg INCA) |
Cashinkand CS a
Bank Baloo
Bank overda OID)
Tran
Commission Raived
Commision Ply.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
ot: Allaets ond epenses apeer inthe debi (OR) clam.
eae ee eae ct teansies anpear ln the credit (CR} column.Drie Banish
3
Tino Column Cosh Bok
Date [Details Cash | Bante | Date | Deiaite | Cash | ani
si 8 sis
 
 
Discount | Cask Boke
eecived) | $ | $
Date | Deal | Diseoant
(Alone)
$
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note: All receipts are recorded on Debit side
Al payments are recorded! on Credit side.VALUE ADDED
 
Dats Details g
aes Baybee Ressvaiey |
 
 
 
Pare DaybooK( ua Faye)
 
 
 
Taka Te: Dipak coaie 7 en Gt DaybooR cous ve
eerie) LPayale)
ish Book CxpenseNon Covet + ‘Cash Bok ale) a
As)
alinoe oa = Baiacese co
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CREDIT Balonce DEBIT Balance
&
« emeprr Balance erst the busines ge te tx mutt. This (VAT)
count ance vl be ene as xray
e peBIT Balance represents ses ‘owes the business. This (VAT)
‘s
gees
scour balance wil, ben a current asset
sPETTY CASH BOOK,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‘Resips [ Date | Detail | Fa | Sebo | Traveling | Potage | Cleaning | aager
bas | Expense Nee
expenses |
5 ros TCTs Ts
500 Sen | Cah
2 a1
~ ‘3 | 1Green B| B 7
3 | sage | 7 iz
i Davies | 32 a
3 | Genieg | Tt 7
7 aor a
12] K Jones By
| 14] Petrol 7
15 Black 5 I
16 | Cleaning [11 yy — ii
iW pPecor_| a} 2)
20) Page| 12
[Cleaning [11 ~ —
CaWood] 7 7
7 | CBeown 5
| Paes | SB] | pap
24d 2 ao 4 3B B
| aa | 30 | Case
| 30 feat p =a
= |
son] Oat ba
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
You can create all expenses individual T-accoun, ifthe question asked for. As well as you cam createALLO DOUBTFUL DEI OF. 1
Journal Entry
Bad debs AC debit
+ Accounts recevale WC Creat
ample Mad Deis AVC fo eae
Petts AC
Yel Debtors 280 PIL A/C (Income Statement) 250°
Ye2_ Debtors: $60 PIL A/C (Income Statement) 360
Ye3 Debtors: 300 PIL A/C (Income Statement) 00
Pa ets ta ae vedo he rt and los ANC come sateen) ich ar nd
zamue;Povsn tyme oul sss, ar he bashes
Sear Ete
+ ofan Lo ACh Sait it {
ey
«+ Povo Dt te AtConst_ 6S
io"
s
Example I rvs / towanse doubt dng dees nee rhe bss.
SY
nat
ta Aan a
+ oftand Lass Cs Sea) eet‘BAD DEBT RECOVERY A/C
 
Year? Tacome Statement | ED” Year Ac. Recelvable/Debtor | 250
(from Yesr 1),
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By debs ad increases in doubtful debs both are addin the prot and fsx A/C (income
‘sitement) an subiraced fom grass profit os expenses.
a debt recovery and decreases In doubifil debts, both are added in the income statement with
gras praia income,
‘Only the total amon of allowance for donb des is subtracted from accounts receivable A/C
‘or detor in he balance shee / statement of faancial poston
5
}
Ss
s
¢
s
SDOUBLE ENTRY RECORDS FOR DEPRECATION
Journ fo proviso or deprsiation seeount
+ Pratt and Los A/C eb ety
+ Pravin fr detection RCret ety
or
Depreciation A/C debit entry
+ Fed eset A/Cze entry
Iosprecaton incre during the yar
Journal spss account
1 Dispose det etry
1 neuron sets A/C erat ty
(orate ofthe noncrent set}
5
pecans 5
‘otal deprecation ofthe sod out non-current asset) 
&
ve
praname a
 =
i
Tay eon Cia 7
¥ =
x =
 
 
Tawi
 
 
 
 
 
 
(es) onion to I ress
Die Baleceo 3
 
 
[or oc
¥ Ea
Rs
Proft and Losedppropration A/C
eg on
aa 3 s
Ret Prof
tenon
Carn CHT
¥
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Cas aston CREATE
 
 
 
 
[Teassamriee x
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a TaCurrent A/C of PARTNERS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Detail Details xT ¥
Balance bide Balance Wa com
Drawing Tnterest on Capital || #*
Totes in Drawings [Salaries wef oe
[transfer to Capital ‘Share of profits we | are
‘Shae oflosses ‘BonusiComnission | _***_| 7°
‘Solaris (ij wuhakaon) “interest on Loan wae oe
Balance cfd Balance od* ae
Balance BaF Balance WE we [ee
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
brat ie and Leder Acnuns or Analgamation of Paresh Fis:
Inthe amalgrnation af ptsthip irs cloing ents and opening eis rf Be passed, The closing
sis be pase oe he ook of cco fanaganatng ol fems anh peng ens et
=a a pent kf tof alee we fig)
Jou tes nthe Boss of 1 Fis (Cong ag
1 ForReaatio of Asa nd ites Ags Lites of hol ens ty be rr a fe
time of analgation, Th ay be nrease or Se inthe values of aes an Tiles which shows
oft or bs. Toe his prot or lot «Bef Loss Adjustment Ale or Reauaton Ae so be ope
Tertaneresntn at Rd aC tn al pet tg
For his pone following jor nie ot passed
5) For inrease inthe value of ss and desea in the vale of Lisbilty, which shows revaluation profi
Parca Asset Lily A. Dr
“To Profit & Lose Adjustment Al /Revaation A
1) Fo decrense in the val fasta incense in the value of ibility which shows evaluation los
 
Profi & Lass Adjstent Ale Revaation AVC. De
Particular Asset / Liability Aei) For Ceaton of Goodwl: IF theres no god account i the books ofthe old fm and Hf i i to be
rated te fllowing entry wl be pase,
Goodwill Ne Dr
‘ToPanners Capital Ae
 
(Goods to be easton the old prof shaving ati)
lip For closing Resres and Profit Accounts: The bance on these accounts isto be transfered to
Parnas Capi Ae inte of prot string eat
Reset Men De
Profit & Lass A (Ct Bal) ononsDi
“To Pres Capital Ae
iv For losing Loss Aesoan: Te Pr & Loss Ae showing Dx. balance sa os econ I appears on
these side ofthe Wslaceshet, The lance his account als transfer to Parnes Capital AZ in he
‘ol roi staring ati
Pata Capital Ales DE
8
To Profi & Lass Ne &
\) For ch Ass nibs hae a ne by Ne ie he at a
a ee i by ef by Bo
taal tr asap ge i aT po rn eh ano
ramsey Fide Aga fers Cy ease ol pi a a orth
Pas nga ee ek
  
 
   
2) Hamas is sod evay for eas
(ash Bak Ae Dr
Ta Patil Ast Ae
) awassti then over bythe pater /paters
Partaess Capital A br
“To Patiala Asset Ne
‘o) Ia lability is paid offsi) For losing Assets and Liabilities which ae taken ove bythe New Fim ; The accouns of assets and
ibis whic ate taken over by the ne fn wil be closed by transferring them tothe New Firm Ale at
ged values
1) Forclosng Ass
Now Pitt) AMG
‘ToAssets Ak
1) Forslosiag Listes
Lihiltes Aleem De
‘Tow Firm Ale
si) Por cotng Partners Capital Ale: Parnes Capital Ale of theo fim are tobe closed withthe net
ley sri em te New Fm A
Sy
&
‘Ledger Accounts if the Books ofthe Old Fics: &
tanh aoe jae swing npr HSE me bpp so a
>
ee
an *
nei) For Adjust of Capital: I the capt of the partes inthe nw Firm are chnged as por the new
‘of sharing rato o asp the green, hee is nee ops journal entries forthe adjustment of capa
“The adjusts of capital may be dein ash cough current Nes
1) Forcass brought in or trough arent Ae for adjustment of shortage of apa
(Cath Batk A. onnnntnn
 
Panel Partner Cate AME DE
to Particle Parner Capital Ale
1) For cath pido ugh erent ale Fr astment of exces capital Paula Pater
Capita An Bs
‘ToCoah/ Bok Ae 1
To Paul Parner Curent AV
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Renton NES)
Dei 5 QO pa 5
“To deren vale of cls By nea invalee Fase
(as S| roi
“To ete a value of RBIS —_|®S™"* | By dress Te va oF +
(os Libis (Pot
“To uted TOTES a 75 [By uneorded AS an]
greed value) S agreed value) __
Profit onsen ol aie” Los stereo od paris
Cepia or Caer sent nod Capito Comet asain Gi
ro) Parner A000 ola) Pater A~ 6000
Parner B= 4000 oe Parner 4000 | ee
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill A/CCAPITAL A/C of PARTNERS
x]
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Details Details x
[— ~ Bales bi ae
Reiaton Remon a
Goosvil see [496 Realistion ae Bid
Bank we [| ocd wae
Cuneat A7 tlanoe OR Blas) | A nk ee
‘Adjusied Aas we
ane a ‘Curent NC balance (CRC balanse)_| >
Talos bit ve
— Realisation A/C ____
Dewi TS ___ Dei 3
| | Tiecaningamaunt ofteaics "| *°°| The posses fom he aesof | FF
E emecs shown opposite |
‘Coase aston 557 [Othe incomes or beet a
Disonnis alowed Discount ecived ae
Profit on dissolution Loss og solution
Lo. &
e
Example-Reafisation A/C
Deiat <= Detail 5
Te invenary NC Sato | ak AC Css T6000
| reais)
Ss | Inveton = 10000
PY Freres “mn
Pariure 9000
- Plant = 0000 |
“TovTadeesivables AC 200001 By Trade paybles Arc | 76000
To Fanitwe AC - 00 By Loan tom sam AS | 20000
TOP C $00 [By Ricky's Cpl AVC 16000
divesimens)
Hoa APC ade paates) | ~7AT00 By Bad Debt Rese AE | 3000
oan fom imam AIC 200
“To Risky’s Copal AC 20000 | By Copal AIG
Aavesimens) (Coss) Ricky 45) ~ 7380
Ricky (3/5) 7380 |STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Details 3 8 8
Non-Guns,
Premises i
Fires a ting ote
‘Caen Aves
Inventory ae
‘Ascounts Receivable a
os a
Expense Pepaid I
“Total Asses
Capita 7
Capial: —X ah
s a a
eo
Cnt as Bale
(Credit Balance) ee
[¥ (Cedi Batance. se got sal ese
thre is debit balance.
‘Now. Clurent Liabilies
coat WE
aaa LB
‘Aswounts Payable — baad
Bank oveara
Expense Owings
“Total Capita and Linbilies __‘STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION Including CURRENT A/C
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data Gost | Aes enseition | et Book Vai |
3 5 $
[NoncConent Asis: ~
Premises ar - a
ures and iting te 7 =
real Aa
Inventor a
“Accounts Recehable aa
Bank _
Expose Prepaid we
‘Tata Assets ae
1 — — - —
Capital: -
¥ oo
Cent AUCs Balan x ¥
‘Balance bd (Cre Balas) ae ae
‘Ad. lutrest on Capt are a
‘Adi. Salaries i we
Adi Share of roi ee a
olanos 03 (Deb Blane) ey
~ (Less) Drawings (cn
Les) ies on Dawg | 8) ce)
Balance of Ts =e
‘Now-Cuent Lbi
ean a
‘Caen Labi —
‘Accounts Payable = a
Ben overdal a
=] a
‘Fual Capital and Labi ~MUTED COMPANY.
 
‘Trading & Profit & Loss Appropriation A/C
Dette 5 3
 
les Revenue Trier aa
 
ts) Rernonars
 
 
it soes =
 
esd
 
Opening enory
 
 
 
Taam ea el
 
‘OSS PORT Sad
 
‘il Dioula Cnn Reaave
 
 
hd rar espoe
 
 
 
 
 
 
ent ate a
 
Geral ees
 
Soler apse rh
 
ishing sting a
 
Decors renner a
 
Depecitlnofadminisation compu
 
ea Sli nd Okun aperset
 
 
aac Outwars
 
Sales rope aris
 
 
Garmin onic
 
rotten Operon
 
esd nc hae
 
Date etre
 
FROHT befor ts
 
 
(es pean
 
 
 
FRONT re ete To egy haers
 
us se
 
reefer to Gonsalene
 
 
rae fovean Exchange asa
 
 
[esi Pamredbindons
 
 
 
 
 
hoped Peterenco DiceSTATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
se tat eae
_ — $ $ s
ToGiiai
ear we _ we
War i : a
ise e ti
‘cma
iy et Ese
Ines Reshbl oe - -|
(Lesliliwene br Danae ———_ [7
a He
ae = i
‘Income in arrear_ | ae
‘Prepaid expenses << ee
TOTAL ASSET me
| awity and Cebit: ~ _
ay Siw se
Peto Shag Ol ie
Stee poe
Goal Rene ee
feed tl — Be
f
‘Nea LS 7
ere = |
‘Curent Liabiives, - ~ - _ =
esata se
Debate bleeds Epis OW - =e
poe ess =STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
 
‘Share Copied | General Reene
   
 
 
‘Opening balance ofthe year | >> ae
Tse of Stare Capital 5 ss > >
(Mile of te yea)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Treo geaTo vir ep pe
[Divina : i;
Ff rt ar : : oF
ang ae a yar— [EF = =
yy
w
 
‘Revaisdon | Genera] Retained] Toad
Reserve | Reserve | Earnings | guy
an | F000 | ~ F000 |~F000
Tooo |” 780] 1876 | ~ 6626
 
 
 
ans oT
 
 
 
 
 
Shwe ue ea] T1000} — 1500 2500
theres)
Teale 150 130)
[te grea so) SHPO
Died a G35) Cas)
rai te yar 638.16] G38.16
 
ance teu ofthe | —ag00} Bua] LS | OO] 9.16 | Sras.6
yearcost ING AND INVI VALUATION
“The wo wae of cot, marina an bearpton
invetry lbe aud awe diferent ays
 
also padi totaly diferent pots a he losing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXAMPLE
‘Reonpany produces a single produc, Tho sls rte ls noth ae follows:
jan pote a0
sey ol 360
Seng price pir wal Stoo
Vars oe per ni sa
Fol ovevhesds fhe pv S00
i Caleaation of rota each method of ventory vatato
   
 
Ls Cosng
Cot ofsale
Grass prot
|The eso fr this ings pra spy de ote wy in which fae vee ae treed. In
ror cst ty ae eed per cats ad write ff Tal inde oat. No part af hem is
Ftd inte ean Imentry ge. Unc is met he sing inv aed a 360 pe ito
AGven vale ft 4800" $2400
Flowers th orton contng sae ofthe oereads ate ica inthe esr invention Under this
Into ul prtucto ut of $2500 ae vided by the teal proton of 400 ais se al inventory
‘pri 5p uit The ls Ivenoy fs href, ved at 02 85°82,BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL
Master budget
‘Amster bulge te tom used to deseribe budgeted profit nos crown and a budeted balance
shee Alhugh its a bog and sno actually happened itl dawn up using te same pings
‘sn profit and foss scout ans blce set tat re based on acta dt. The dita Used t-constust
the cash budget ca ao be ased to produce the master budge, this ean case confsion - switching fom
‘ne tlnique he her
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
amp
1M Oibb balance set at 31 Deore 2007
Abin nforwin
1 Seem ues eal ce with oe on eet Binge yuan by cursus,
2 Bxgctl es nd prin ae salons‘ample L- Answer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mit ea budget or six months ended 30 Jane 2007
a
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Notes tthe xs uc:
“The opening talance of esha the nt of Janay is taken from the bance shots cash at bank Fre
“The closing balance wilthen appear onthe bodgeted balance sheet ws 30 June.
“The reps fom dst for Inuny wil be December ales This dat is taken rm the Balance shet
sat Dace under the dire
“The payments to cers for fray il be found under the eer figure onthe bale sheet as
si December
 
“The slo and porchuses figures for June will not appear inthe cash badgt ab hey are not paid
‘easved uni uly - whi susie sath budget, However thy wil appear as debtors and exon:
‘tho balance shot 830 June.
Depreciation snot aes oe and wil ot belong in any cash bud
Drawings appenrs in ash budget but no in budgeted profit and loss account.
 
“Te foocast eof accounts will appear as follows:
Fee Eee ac anvnand maft and lose accourt for six months ended 30 June 2007‘The depreciation rvision ie based on he Following
£20,000 x 10% = £2,000 x 6 montis = £1,000
5,000 x 10% = B00 x 4 mots = £200,
"Total depreciation = £1,200,
Mi forest balance sheet sa 30 June 2007ayo
snes (®)
 
te cot
 
   
a -antg
tate
ohm pei =
aie hay w=ame Conmrbene tato:
‘SR Ova Lil. opeeesytemof saad one Following inna’ weil
 
 
“ei aa Raps)
aia nated oo
{8600 unis @ 52.50 per unity
Diet Wage ‘2210000
Variable Bepensee 2000.00
‘etl tpt or the pei an
 
 
 
 
ete show pl, esd tics DD ht eka ons
 
 
 
Suds
nm
siterip) sn
omen oe
Fat pce OY an
Viens OO =n
The standard wages per wat is based on 9600 hours for ove sol G@Rs 3.0 pera 40 hs me actly work
Deena kt tel ee ee oe ea
inne
“tecnico
Sete of ceranern
 
©) Niet is ee 2) Fact vein! tone Voce
4) Uderceeemnce 1 Piet Orel Cnty Yarace
2) Wa ie Vries 1 Fe Ovo oan Vira
1} UieticnyVainse Ta Cae Valance
2 a Vr,
vow: Sacto
1. Given nae bl a hati sac bl
2 Loctofoutrcomptig snd hace ona wh 3500 hn is guste
spate heb ope
gun ng gil Ss, Sa ne a an(Gefen vt cli te Tie | 90011 10 Sen] 80 1L@ 10- TOE
(Open rat“ 2.
 
led ene
(@alctat eine Ti)
Berar)” | 94014320190: | mG 0 HON
“amis ar sa
cpm —|— aero} — pe | —
oe 2 |22—¢\- 32
ci =e aes
Se pans em Ee ET
eee
weltilome — | conan - mm | wanes nou | one 5
weap
ong 969» x
sooner
 
 
 
 
 
 
gato arc: -
‘Sawaal Vane ~TSC 0A)
biases ~ (82-4014
uta evades —(89-AOYSEJOHBHO- 4430 =s000.4
eine -Me =r tags A=
tC Vin are 2100s +30 = 100
   
tactics ~(SR-AR AN, 2-229 600 oN} A
ou
 
e-amylase 00} = 190P
 
voidetnevasnse G2) = ieee 40043 = nA
es AV =U VHB NEDA HHI
va SO AD-TAVO. = pO2- Toate pafoonnes ats of fre wage ad sly negations
so mes performace satis for conta of employment ad job security
 
Landes [> Tones prtooraoe ination t the secu of tht oan othe company
 
[senfers |Quai charters
_Axihow above aac sateen are rear fre vay of reson. IAS slo four quite
‘hrctrstin of rani tents thal ake tht stil 1 es
“+ Undersandabiity te infrmsion i ead understandable by ses
1 Relate = ts norton inienst th economic declan owes
5 Raaty—theintenating fe ro terial enor and bis
* Comparabitiy =the formation enable comparisons over Gne oie and evalu ends,
 
The cevised IAS | (Sepenber 207 changed the tiles of Fal streets as hey wil be ust in
rks
tule see cae atemen of inane postin’
 Seamestatenar Decne statement of comprehensive
{ch ow satan toca Matement of esh Hoy,
 
 
‘Therese AS ts efitve fr annul prod eghning oper | anny 2008 aly adoption
 
Peretti es tise awed Stee,
Sr TPenke ee on aes eg a nw ro
Me dnc ew nse gate rete wing! tke
Mpa see <
Procatin stanton SS!
“This covers anumbor of eas, SI bckyround othe purpose of Thc staan,
The component of eter nd tons of te presentation of he aco amet ad the
sitet of fan paton
pain. 
| arom ng atten
epee roi ow
inp 0
hem nd ais
free) hese
 
 
 
 
sn
50“hits i ped aman asa oes thin a essa, Wola a sent of sy
inn gr em
‘Accounting pies
he we di a: ss ne, as, omens ed pate apt yo ey
sng sed song ec samen
Accounting i sl yh dots hcl (belo) I cet ad apg pois,
‘etn ist
4+ Wlreon wn rly pen nan conan snd te at ply mst apy
{Wt nang ey ree ge glance he ctr af he ey as te
judge he mao at reat nd fle They us orto my ober ands
Insist ardeting ber mit then oe hy mes masse tt
‘thc ptt ered ath of eset oh aston des een ex
‘it insta! sno eae,
 
‘A tye apt mm oes cosy fo sar smsaton, Chang in ses poles
oot
+ de on oy dnt ANG
«Taso tnat me tg nti
nari anata
freee sioageeeee
+ Asoing inno emt Rin ae ine ti thw bat a
{iy dna anc ne, gong come, erally, pen nd cone
+ lcoig he =A fran ven hs et clo pig
‘hesoning ie nl atest, They mended ede bj yen nd
nphing scabies
 
 
Destin ith res
‘The snd ao ovis sss on he et anaemia td
“stn fon lise acl Sloe or oe aero ses en
aston cr moe fate isan at
+ ox ie we hae fa ate rose pid erat fr‘These arevens, ther verse or nfivorbi, th oor betwee theta of lane pean
ht, the don wih he neal stent nuove for eu. Thay may ocr reel
‘infomation which becomes arable al he endo th yer and therfore tad fo be dslosed in
{eoonuns.
 
‘Tekey ste postin inet which change foe ian senna be mae. One aia
staterens ve been apgrovel fr isue by the bard of eects they exot be aed. Fr exanpe,
{te scons ae prepare up 31 December. Thy are approve re bythe bot of decors
‘on 3 Api inthe folowing you. Between tee fa sates hanes resuing fom eves fee 31
Decomr canbe dal the account.
‘The sere distinguishes betwee wo types of eves:
 
Adjusting even
An ating nt eden a an vet ie the pring pei tht provi rer evidence of
‘ents tha esd athe end othe eportig geld, I suc a vet woud ray fet the
Fnac stones, Be asc sistemas shold be hanged ete hse conltos,
tg os in 7
+e tet fe a ta oti Oo at a i a
tyes ifn ca Bee of traaepet Tone potion
+ icra tr ts te eee pon, he pe pes
saleprie ofa non cue ast Lough sol atte th yearend
+ lnmentves whee he net elle vale fl el th ent ce
4 sets whe avalon shows tht imps equied
* tedereetbles wha csr Fz inset
4 Steet a Qo etl rb et
Non-ajusing events
‘vowing event died sa even ar the epoting pce tha nine of canon
"tare afer th endo the reprting pro. No asst ime othe Hail seve or
‘sch evn Ivar they sredicared by way of ae othe nel state.
Examples of nau even neue:
1+ major pcs oF sets
+ Tasso rutin cgay casey He, Noose ste aton by enployess
+ annancten ar enmenctneat of amor eesti of he bsiness
+ anges inesSpecie ese
‘Thaeate tre sittin in dion tothe above th rete consideration
«+ isdens dete er pogo after the dt of he tment of fail pstn ate no longer
recnnisadas aaity nth stereo sacl postion. They anon austin events tad are
howto beshownin aot othe finial ements,
+ taf te dite ofthe senet of Frei pstn, the icons determine ht the tne
inns oie roe trading and that theres no tenatve this ous of ton, ten he
Feil trent cnn be propre on aging coacer ass
4 Flies rst clo the dale when the fam aameats were autaised forse a who
{ve ft aura, IF anyone Had he pane © amend the fnancl sateen fer their
“hoszton then hi i sls be ilo,
amperes and non-ajusting evens
 
 
ABCPLC has peared Sail ttre ote yearend 30 June 2014 Ding August 2014,
tefreth fnl tements hve ben proved he iowing isis rise
1.Theconpany re infonet tnt csr has oon dca bankrup owing ABC PLC'E,000, Tho
eld ae Jan 201
2th decors are od Un on er a preparing the oo atements ese in reverse Bing
‘drat y 3000
ict net compa spe ay204 QP ange vind at 5125000
‘Whataoe soul dicts kin espet of ig
rename tr ent nf i
ipheugetiauraanaesiee netstat
Phar comes ta
salen aa eA cnn nett
‘febrero gr cee ence tea acesIniorstionatAcurng Standars
 
+ herecogtton ft assets
he dtenraon fearing arouris
the doprecoton nes
any irpalont oes 9b eons rate oth,
‘The stan cosa arumter tke dno tana wih deen fm INS 38st of
+ Property, plant and eulpment = lange ase hl for ue ne poston asap of
uote and sen, oreo are a for atatvepuponsn, mich ar pected
eused forme ian oe scooting ptod. Sich assas are lacsfed es rr-curet ase
ce satan ot rane poston
Depreciation =e pte aleeaon ofthe copreclbl arau ebt ons ei vats)
fatale nour see over seh it,
sett ie he pt rr which a anateror-crent ase expec o be maa or
‘eo: ruber of rodicion ants expoced ob clined om tear oncurant
Resid! ale ~the estate amour he ety expats ota for atangite vr-curent
ssl hae of eae ator deducting he sara ent psa,
‘+ Far vaio the amour wich an asset cou be exchanged between owe,
lig aries nana agin tanec, The fat vue of angi nonce ese
rays pen mara val
‘= anyag amount = taunt teh tangible romcuvent asteroid he
sllermerto ancl poste, afer deducing any soaied eprectn ot pointed
ingairent oss
+ solimpatnunties ie the snout by when te eaayhg cunt en sae xed its
*Racovrable amount - ha sont hich Nh of nase sr valet cot sel,
Valu nuse—Is the presenta f ft cabh ons exec o be dered fen so
 
 
Recognition of th tangible non-curent asset in the fnaneklslatenets
‘The standard sates tha an tem cpropery, lara eqimort sto be aconsed fe facia!
iter he
Ris probable that re comonic beets asoctes wen the ase wl ao he ety, and
+ ecoa oft atte canbe messured retoby,renaming Stods
Ita costs sssociated wl Be tngihe acn-curent asst
“The sland poise foling oan be neue ab part he nis cost othe angie non
inert ne stro rel poston
+ ett pushae pe al dducing dicount rebates
{Sloot de, ees recy frbasl bing te suelo preset ocafon and
‘ten
«theca of propaton
eee en anting eas
nln an sey eat
 cototestng he ssl
obese es (0g ache legal fs.
“ne stad slo peo iano on ich nls mtb exe a par of cst inte
later anal poston
ey gol eves cons
sai cose oa a busines or ketone business
1 ends of teagan producto soc (eg, averting)
dlonal uot aesockted wih he gible non-cunent et
“Testa ecco nadine purchase pre of th asst oer arcu wi
Tobe spinon The sandard oes theo guest ati wh he este f sich
‘eee
"apo cons of sev raping tease shoud be cargd as expense nthe
‘onan of pottor bss.
«hare pat fhe a in an sora) equ rplactmen at equ es, these
‘hts cn be coed pt oft cng amcunf he ase sbjecto Be les of
‘set expan store,
Whee th sel aque raglan nc fre ao cote oprsing, the
{Sisal wen nepeators cn ona be cogniedin he cary amour pain sje fe
hiv tection above.
‘lation of angie nr-curent ase
“Avery tap or of mod aroun oy frit vant ofeach ae of
tangs nro assets:
© Costmodel te ose caida conten accunusod doprecaton snd any accumula
pment see
«Revalntan mode the aati okie (car ot revived aout This ae ss
seat ees any subsequent deprecation and inparmert ioeses, Ravan ae to beIrena Accounig Standards
lost A decease eng a en tevin shouldbe rcoga an expsree othe edent
‘hati exonods ay suet reves reid ahs evaluation ras elatg oe same tangle
soncientanet
Depreciation
Depreciation shad be aloes a aytomate basi ovr he agi nonce asset use
‘ie The dpredaon mathe hale he pala which ast hare eraoricbeetl 6
‘wpe te coeur byte ily,
‘Te erected utile a esta vt oftha ang nonce esl shoul be revi at
‘ea at each tania year en, re a ciarnca rom povcus estates tis motte
‘ecgiod asa hange nan etna under AS 6 (Acoun pe, anges naccunthg
strats ardor)
‘+ Dapreciaton mus cont bo ehaged even the avi of tanglterarcurent beat
‘iced cary aout
+ Daprcistn ned net be charged when he eid va i eater fen he eying amount
Deprecated a an expense inthe saeent of rot nd bss,
‘an cong the ust ite atari or-curont eth flovng shoul considered
expect usge othe angle nr-cuent tel capa or ue
‘pected pyscal wear aatacr
lect canner necisconce
lea ore ims nposed en tee cl the tngie nace asa.
Land and wings spare atts. Lard has an nt wef, oa han inthe case of 2
ive quay, sl eed Si aren fe tater of fran poeton cost
Bulings tae ute and whol haere be dered.
‘Alabina of deren ae:
+ seine
dso ved dance
*evlaton mode.
‘A dpresaion mats tats based on evorue thats gana by sn att ates he we
tan asets at prop, Tho erty st chose a thd of depreciate he
patent usege overt ses econ, Te mated shu be fevowedal est seach
fnscisl yearend teres been sigan arg in he expat of te
scare beets, the mano ald be ange oe te changed ation. Ths must be
‘ected a change inan etal der IAS 8 (o=untng polos, changes In acouring
‘stints ae err)
 
Derecogntion
“Thos cour when the tangible nce-ciavent aneat la sold or no fatter Shwe ecnevido henetis aremete! acount Sarda
Dilosur inthe franca statements
Fareach ast property, plant an eaubment he ances rt how
+ feb or tein tm canyng amount
*edopeiton tio ses
+ fhe val th depreciation aes sid
{the gross eatyng aroun th begin nd end ofthe ezeuntra prod
{the soared depedatin and inpatmrt owes at the began and oe of ie
scouring peed
revlon meres 2 detsoae
tions ding he tion
para ig te pros
depots rt prod
“het eel tobe shoe as anorcite aes schedule an nde 3 naa tothe Hana
storeIngman! Ascauning Standards
‘xamposchadule of non-crrent assets
 
Schodueofnon-currentasela a a 24 Dcember 2020
landand Puntand lotr Tota
Tulaingtmactinery veils
200
 
sooo Sa 00
ost ervauation
1 Jarary 200 ooo am 5017
evan 00 7 ar)
Dios yas)
1991 Deconber 2620, a oe
‘Accuratedceprciain
944 January 2020 cy us 150
Revaluation eo : = (60)
(Charo foro yor 36 Cn
Disposals = 0) Ds)
(N91 December 2020 as
carrying amour
(6.31 Decent 2020, soo ta 105188014S 36 Impairment of ses
 
“hiss ks he suet a ety ase re ol aed ot ore han er rsoveable
tint and define hoe he vere ou determined
‘Theres series fey et
 
“+ npairment low — the scent by which the cayng amount of a asset exceeds recoverable
am
+ Carrying amount ~ he aunts which the asa eecognised in the ster of Fnac
plo ae delucg scented depresion and scunulced impale oss,
+ Recoverale amount the Higher a th set's fr ale er etl pec an sal in us.
{Fae vale =the non fir which a ast could be exchanged, elit seed between
“owe, willy tsa an ar’ eth easton. The sad provides ide:
   
“Te tet erence of i ei binding le agement les spose cos,
eet atv nc eden by buyers, Seles nd readable prices i
eile ots thar pie es disposal costs,
Wer the atv ra, the ely cane an extimate based onthe bs ffnmaon
tlhe fhe ling le ess the posal ons
= Gants of dpsed eons nly, fr example ea x eoval expenses.
« Vonen as depron tt teetinae tne gle kde oa
STATS ui i lg domed nO Ty ol ci
nn nS
@
‘eatimated future cashflows from the asset CS"
~ ipentns ef pase rats, ej moe ig the Fite es ows
= Git en ese ee
~ tet of cea niet flo se
wing on at a ay bred
‘Aven! och pring tn iy seu es we he iy ein ha
‘ase oybeimpaed cay omoannay bbls than is eeveabe amu), Good
‘Should e eed or ngsionet uma.
Indios timpement «&®) To pon tank «
xen oe:
a a dens
{tative chngrinetroagy, makes, econo or avs
{tases ofthe compat hgh
 
 
 
 
tt cpitaiationRecognition ofa impairment as
‘+ An impsinent ses ecgrsed whenever the ecverbleaeuat is eow the crying amount
‘The impsrmen sss rcopil at ap expense Inthe incre samen anes I eles 1 @
reall at. Forrevaled ase, the inate loss reed a  revaiaon decrease
+ Deprecton fo Taare peas mathe adjued,
Disosre
Inypuat loses ihr ecoquiet or evened should be elloed by els of se
{anova npaiment ls materi he lowing mt be dino
1 he evets al dreumsanees iting the inpsment lst
1 the amout afte los or revel
{dete te ndivida tnd the clas to which elas
 
impiment ce eng or reese are mail in fl the fri ettementsas whole
‘sone
them cles of sats feed
1 the min evo cists Inova
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‘uma same na ston
PPI ee
‘ests nd rave cs er
Tae ec [RD a
ra
| i ee
To Set
a ra to
ape 1s a
S
ee ea ea en ee
ro Tansee a
‘jap
S —
i moa
1 sewwo | vc ont te
Tim
; ‘eioo | sve rae mt
hohe i1AS37: Provisions contingent abies an contingent aes
 
‘The objective ofthe stanford so make sre tha porpsateeeogntion ein and measurement
{ie rape io poison ofinget slits ad contingent ses. Enough formation ms
‘ole! inthe veces tote fmcll steements 0 eable ser to understand theatre vin
sedanour
“The series oF key defo
+ Provisin—iblly of wating or rout
{Clay preset ligt os a ult of past ven, whee setleent is expt oes in
cat of esac aye)
+ Contingent ability x posible obligation depening on wheter soe ura fare event
feces, or 8 pean blgtin, ut papas snot probable othe wou! cant be realy
‘meme
+ Contingent asset ~ possible asl tht aries fom past evens and whose existence wil be
entire oly bythe oromence of oe oe wore tesa Fate evens not whelly within te
anette en
 
Recognition fa provision
Rezopitoe oe prvision or tinge iii depends one probity of Habit suing,
Arvin ms be andi a
pone rset et
1 foe spent ane)
fe s
« Roammtenbertby atic 0 |
acta gait cnt romana et, ea
SS eluent ts oh
RY
52K ni cigion wcongo ity) does at not 1
Where possi of payment is mats, ro acral or deere sre
‘Theamout cogs asa rvs shod hbeststimatea te deo the sate of neat
Dralion he export rquled to sete he pes bia,
 
Contingent nse
"Tes sul ot be recognised in he sacl statements, a soul be soe wher on inflow of
‘Honan tes is probable ad he tout rater Whee then of econ eri
blo reat te sod Ben recog sad no dior14835: ntangibleasets
 
alg te ho a a el ny etd py bn
‘ethernet mat ane
1 thea Beni
1 Grey mitten rem bs mea
ng nite
‘stag tet ise eg
tg cuca es eame
: ie
ste
tnd oy em ing ty
Div" pome ac hr hse oven hn
+ Entsttemtentettmemt
itmtnpers aoc Sti AS ert nn
Siopintcnegenanttiem
seo e
eon inc ont tne i
 
 
euch an dere
+ Reh nd alte elne e
1 Deemer epi em nag ny ere sh ed omc ay fe
aly pent cto
Thr tenia
Compt feMeasurement subsequent 0 auisiton
‘Sina to age vor-caret ass, a ely must choose ee the eos no or the evaution
‘mee ech lao angie are. a
Cont moat
Arita cognition, intangible sts should be ened a cos Kes acselted awriation
(Geren) and tpn lo,
 
Revaluation wodet
Inne nt ay be cared at revalued amount (bsed on fr ake) test any subseuent
Soran sd impeiment owes ony Hf ir yl ct be detained by reference oan ete
at In theese of ness, vel that such markets il xs
Casson based on fal ie
Intangible ase ae cls saving ether a nine Ho ite i
 
Indetnce te
hiss where ers forsale into he pro oer which the assets expected o erate rt
ash atoms fr bent. A tng st win dele seul if shuld nt be sorted
 
reste
Thre ened in fe he a he mes ea
Tanned tease ape est cet
bietaan &
For each clas of intangible ase, the fllow)nQtiould be disclosed:
Pai metcens
See
GF rocgwn
Sere tn te
‘+ recncliian of the ayn sat wie ging and eel ofthe eprting period
{he bus for dng ta intngeasset as en indent ie
“ein en exryigg amount of nvtaly stra lng ses.OFS ETHICS
Pfeil shi ces da gor be boar ofp wo sins. icone Lis ae
eso terre oer an hb poem bdr’ ope and inten ch are.
ic as ae te fone pn ot aecounng pons cose to abide by tenance tr profeson,
isin pbc ess demorte onesty and Tes, People ww ats razon a ere he cede to preset
nto pbc CPAs or Aste pret he rion a he pasion
‘yn eye wh works inh cing Fi i ttvorty. ily vais of ui pte ast ocur,a esang
‘Cidiemns dso lyse ven. Th linge Rive ers hat dene te een o yone ewsderng ween,
reaeconing poleson,
pendnse a Object
snd nde go hd in ad in eect profesional camps of me moking wale delions nd
sreveninens ts bee te chee, Cael eee orearpe, dest xg under ndpendence gubeines. Benen,
Ss fen enclave rth co a 0 hat stews inane nis toch
‘cnain bjt and independ nese ore hat cones ae Ho sje © ouside nen. An
inns psa don pec hese laden sree t's
saiy
coving intety mens bing sagen nd net ll sss td oes lane. phan itary
‘ext oconses esse eee wil inomaton i ey spel mately sear misleading oh msds
ontidentity
los of facil nena or rating estan of pote megs by an sect poison willow exes
‘son ve nl dao pasar lan eet psn yenon ts.
Profesol Cmptene
technol legit sn st oes harp. posal cout sna yp ode To ence sound get at
si sy cf evens tt cnt et a ee oven,
cis deanery sil vel oo sigs ht ohare expat inane were ado nt ConsiingRC pr
Autor: thy exaine he il eon sn rane statements of busines. An aut iscarid
aby ast Reddy gull scout.
External aur thy se inyonsen ofthe business, Inte case of Hint compares external
Ars reapplied he sharoles.
Interna ouditrs thy aes bes who train the neal corto of he ens
‘headin
Tie ears opin, eqs recards have ot been Kept oF he cay’ fn atemeas
{tana at of Kets ep ntgrecnent wht compar’s za andres the
Shar wl ase gift opinion othe pr.
‘ney cot wile ol tt he aie consers have nt ben det with cet by the
Cie ith repoan of he ancl ttre
feos
aie ae ae mite
eet
eS
fe ghee
—ehenes
ear
ee
a
ae ee ace
eee
    
 
‘The trae ad fie view
The true and fair wie cre with ccarmsany teocurds, They mut confirm thal:‘Tears st verify that
+ Ast exit nd ar ced by the company re std a amount that ar in accordance with
‘cose count poles
All ble ar inlet at amount hat ae in accordance with eet scouting
polis.
Kespng fn suds and psd rai teen as pena fonctions
The ewan ition
The masagenent sets
molamente thse fe the eva thatcictors resive rin company on ily basis. The
yet esther ofa slr, profi bees and share oon tse thet performance
hot beefs atc spate beth nr, company cee
sincera
a ay
Oa tes at stifle e pam a we wih
antec nite
“Spt amos sees
‘Sicilia oe bh bac
“Sar enroute
+ Report on he sa of th company’ fs
+ Ease tat the rae seen signe by g@{@ember of he bom of decors1D REVENUI me
PITAL ‘com
 
Cant eendir: Espero the purchase of ied ass o improvements o existing
fied. The expt wil ve lang em Beet othe Bsns ~ Le. more than one
ye
arabe example (motor vehies, premises)
some epontane: Expand on te day o day uaningo the bss. The expendi
vw bavea sn frm fit on he buses Le. es than ne ye,
Foca example (pment of ent wages)
 
Canal nce; le wich drive from soues oben esl of oad serves,
"Hiss ial ong teon wd ny have to be ea at oe pat in the te
Fern table cea owners cata el any non-cumet )
tr cone: cones ft le of oc ssw cody of
none chew eter dino eel
Tessauecans ce ney. cng Sh
aS
lth ctf ict reel pt andro eed on as:
Tatoo ore al pil ange elie ney lot
ta cou on wil oe) ad low oe lee ps crt
or example i onde the cost of # new’ maar veblle (capt
penis) a ites ofp in he profit les count Ferenc expedite,
their pote woud be aes ad the valuatlon te balance set would ako be
‘detDEPRECIATION
+ Blain teem dersiaion,
Demedian sts osin the valu ofa Hed se
on
eprint the cost of ine asl oer its sf
‘eyaluston method; 2 method of ealelating the depreciation of aes, by which
thease is depreciated bythe difeeacein its vue atte end of the yar ove is value
athe bgianing ofthe year
 
+ Give vdeo ld beck
‘Phys dterioratnn (Wear tear, passage of nc olnolescence & depletion
“Tomccount fr ct cteuned used daring the ans yer.
“Tochnge she ofthe sst the income sateen athe yeu
Rolie the book alae of -cutent aetn the alc het
"Tospan the oo over wat conor if
Cy with cstning principles and concept rade, matching.
<
‘2 Machiory wl ig es Artech ety
Same nna ga ern thn yor
° monn sate the acne
+ tone hoe SS ee de bt oes tes
forls teal,
{© iis wen ofan expense if th cost ofthe item i atria
©The evaanton mod shoal be se the coats siganIntookkespng bank rcoatation statement sa process tha expan the ditrese on aspeid
Ah betwen he bank lance shown in orasizaons bank staleme
 
spell by Can,
tl th corresponding aout shown int onariztions vn snug rears
CCashtoo one's recon (Deb means + Balance, Cet eons — bance)
Bonk strom i bans recod (Credit man + alas, Dima —Balanes)
efaion sole:
(© Clearing ihe tem wed to dsr the passage ofa cheque though te Baking ste.
‘invotesthetrsh of fds jrom one ascot aoter and an take fer de
© Sebel of recta i the Us of aloes exacted fom he inal accouns of
‘ei aiomers 1 isomelnes refered na ached of deo
(© Sehetae of payables he Ist balances exacted rw the ddl acouns fret
‘apples His ronctiver refered to a a sche cretion
1© Memorandum acounts wort infration coun ft ut hoe no part
ofthe dele ney tem
© Gan roti eed Thar of ert deat
ech ancl aon ef he tester nr ws a en bere
‘the transaston was recorded, Ao
 
1 iret Debits: Tes ae payments which have ote mad, such sg bil, elect
bile (We oul set this Foca bla).
(© Bank Charge! Incest Charged: Money ded ely by the Hane (We shud
but hsm cok bln)
‘© Dishonorad cheque: A choue tet has ben esd pyman by the dors (aeons
‘orvabl tk du nse fds he dbs coon eevee (We
‘oul sara hs fn castoak toe
© Interest Received! Divides Received: Moncy aed to the bank account in frm of
‘eestor diver (We sold ai te ebook alae)(2 ‘rove and acute and updated bank balance
‘Knit ofenors mio y he bank wd oid othe bank for costo,
(‘Menten ofsor fn th csh book and esi be crete
Asi inthe prevention of aud
‘0 Weniewion of tank cars
 
Parents ade ety by esomers
Pynentof sanding ordain debits
ety eurned equ
CONTROL ACCOUNTS
no wb Bas re may hav eon
‘2 Thesumof hol nv aecoons recite acoans a thsals ledger should
be thesameas th casing balance on he sar contol cont. In hs case thy
ar diferent which wo ate to Rat QO hve ay be soe ero tba ie he
seer mina cea eg QR
smn ii ge Bla ose dt co aca
oierenmcnty esa
© The dete eed gerne te sk
9 Theatr ign fre os
© Cashion bh ded Bele pret a de
 
 
1 Tay el tt Grn pyables an ade recllst Be uly exec rhe
{ula nd il tts
12 Thay ae kept inthe srr edger early fom sedges teases / seen of
dst red he ik eres te
1 "Tey provetreabiliy oe es by ikalyng eros when ee als donot age
wee at out Wl
Te contl wot yelp tity poems na pau eia a talance desoc ei in —
 
+ esis itmetia ccursey of theses eget
4 Assis ine prevention of
+ Provides mnggenent wit eal debe
+ Hels inthe peearton othe blac sheet
+ Detets ates in inva og.
(+ lain seme wane bib he ttl oan m7
ral accom whl us
© Inston:
+ esis th nithmetia cercy of the pss lg
1 Asis te prevention of Fa
4+ Provides mnngenent with 1 ces,
+ lithe repanton oft lance sheet
1+ set eosin vi lalges.
a
© Theclsng bene woud pyar angio ave nthe ales set asi ees
toaeslornony omen yee (A/Cs receivable).
¥
Stanni  a sn
raat aqegQe const rer bene of is foe
{© Canto coins ts eter ist rand ules intel checks ca be
cro at
(© Cannot heck insides an rors tas
© Theconio aso dont provide aches boas lege cet be checked as
the tal igus fom th books prime ony
‘ 7 ona son, ed echoes edger cn at
ong “A canta enty can arise when a eustomer ig also a supplier ofthe business. Instead ofAND:
+ Statesome nseaf ea balance
1 Tochec the insti accucyof the doubloeuny
19 Tobey eosin the ledger
(© Tocleckthe dis equal ros
‘> Toproviea bor the reparation of facia sateents
‘Til ile eny coins Ut te ttl fall debit Blass mah the otal ofl
oft blac rl lnc als ray age inspite oF rors. An example wou
ince debit entry being ot by an eq rt etry. An example would be an
Income dei ety bing fet by an a crit etry Likes ail bance
lve proof tht ean transis vena beea recoded tal bests in sich
ee bth dei and eet sider af «wanseon would be omitted easing the il
lace tall gre.
 
‘+ Westfahe nye ofr whch ave nt dee yal Blane:
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the Intent prices paid for purchases, —__—_INCOMPLETE RECORDS
1 The edanioger and dadvonopero aban of molting fill tL cco:
Advantages: By seting yp abd maining afl set of accunting records, he
{usin ow) wl be rove with wp to dt information canczng the snouts ving,
fom estar and ating to split. The stem wl lo make it ese rh (business
‘one to chek frees and erisions.
isang: Thee is cost of sein up and operting ie You may nee 1
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the hss oF single gy stem on te bss ofthe deuble entry
“acer ‘paem elds
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Estimation of Values we
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recimble oy thc ottndng cca fs, posh by offering cash discount to
thom secu lo consider edinghe draings sel of ey suas otcurent
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omer ceded sh into the Busines.
Ca sammie
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repstuntempantmingah guaenen tt
He renee car glauca tnINCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNTS
+cat BA fx of cpt eount for a or-peoorete onpmnition