PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT REVIEWER FOR 1” QUARTER EXAM 1° SEM SY’19-"20 Personal development is about the understanding of one’s physiological, cognitive, psychological, spiritual, and social development. Adolescent stage ~ a very important aspect of development because it is considered as a crucial stage. Talks about the summary of one’s childhood and an overview of an adult to be, It is also. socially inclined because of the possible impact. to the changing society which makes it an important aspect in understanding oneself. It is, a transitional stage wherein physical, cognitive and psychosocial domains of development occur. These 3 domains are interrelated and may have big impact on the adolescent. During adolescent stage, the adolescent is expected to establish a strong sense of identity, for who they are and learn about their strengths and weaknesses, which can help them: in projecting their future seit. Threedomains: Physical domain — most recognizable among, three domains; focus on how adolescents look. and project themselves to society, Primary sex characteristics ~ refer to the human genitals; the parts of one’s body that: distinguish us whether we are male or female, Secondary sex characteristics - features which appear at puberty (ex: enlargement of breasts, Increase in height, growth of puble hair) Cognitive domain - growth of mental capacities; development of this is characterized, by thinking abstractly, reasoning logically, thinking hypothetical possibilities and Impossibilities about life, Psychosocial damain — pertains to the emotional maturity of an individual ¥ 10-19 years old — Adolescence ¥ 15-17 years old ~ Middle Adolescence ¥ 17-22 years old ~ Late Adolescence Puberty ~ the time when sudden and dramatic changes occur in an adolescent's body; 10 year- old gitls and 12 year-old boys commonly experience rapid growth in both primary and secondary sex characteristics. Identity VS. Role Confusion — itis based on Erik. Erickson’s psychosocial stage, wherein adolescence decide what to believe and what to accept between the many options of values in life including career options, choosing of friends and even the search for identity. Peer pressure can lead adolescents to serious deviant acts like substance abuse, early pregnancies and many others Collectivist culture emphasizes family and work. group goals above individual needs or desires. Crossroad refers to a comman dilemma among, adolescents wherein they are constantly faced ‘with making decisions in thelr lite The three domains are considered to be interrelated and may have a big impact to an individual's life but if not successfully develop may lead to serious deviant acts, early pregnancy and maladaptive behavior, Life goals - target, mission, vision, or an ‘objective of a person, Self-Presentation is presenting oneself to other people to gain favorable impression. Career Development the series of activities or the ongoing lifelong process of developing one’s ‘work profession, occupation or wocation.Robert Keeley emphasized that discovering faith, ‘among adolescents are formed by way of understanding and interpreting religious beliefs. JOHARI'S WINDOW: Public Self ~ part of ourselves that we explicitly show to others Private Self — pertains to our past that we refuse to show or expose to others Blind Self ~ part of ourselves that are unknown, to us and only other people knows it but maybe hesitant to discuss it openly to us Undiscovered Self — include good and bad things that neither we see or is seen by others and it may one day be discovered, eeo Stress - Actions or behaviours that are considered to be threatening or challenging to the physiological, emotional and cognitive aspects of a person. 4 ni ane Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 5): Natural Disaster - Unfortunate events that are caused by nature Frustrating day to day life experiences - these are daily unexpected turn of events. Interpersonal Relationship - the social interaction of an individual Tension - term that describes person's response to stress, Sympathetic nervous system is responsible for Involuntary physiological responses of a person under stress. Coping Strategies - these are useful ways to cope and adjust to stressful life events, ‘The following are examples of different coping strategies: Talk it out - Confide yourself to some level headed people that you can trust. Escape fora while - Immerse yourself in reading a favorite book or take a long walk by yourself ina park or even at the beach. ‘Work off your anger - instead of lashing out your anger to someone or something, go ta the gym instead Give in occa: nally - it is good to have strong beliefs or principles in life but there are also times when you know that you have to lower ‘your standards or give in to request of a person in authority. Doing good deed for others - doing random acts of kindness towards other people can give immeasurable satisfaction. Doing things one at a time - try to list down the ‘order of importance of each task that you are set to do. Determine your strength - determine what are the skills that you considered to be your strengths and engage in acti utilize these skills. ities that can isms - Every individual has flaws ‘and each individual should be given equal ‘opportunity to bring aut the best in him, Do not compare yourself with another - Try to develop good working relationship with others so you will not feel threatened, because, Jealousy begins once you start comparing the outcomes.Be proactive - Do not withdraw when obstacles come your way, make others feel your presence by being the frontrunner of certain activities. Plan your leisure time - Having a leisure time to relax refreshes the mind and allows the person to weigh his/her options to make better decisions, 200 Brain - organ of the body in the head that controls functions, movements, sensation and thoughts. 2Hemispheres; Right Hemisphere- The right brain is dominant. for spatial abilities, face recognition, visual imagery and music: The right side of the brain Is responsible for controlling the left side of the body and may be more dominant for creativity, Imagination, rhythm, feelings, Left Hemisphere - The left side of the brain Is responsible for controlling the right side of the body, It also performs tasks that have to do with logic, such as in science and mathematics like calculations. Activities that stimulate the Left Hemisphere: Y Logic Analysis Linear Mathematics Language Facts Think on words Words of songs eK KK KK ¥ Computation Activities that stimulate the Right Hemisphere: Creativity Imagination Holistic Thinking intuition Arts Rhythm Non verbal Feelings Visual sensation Tune of songs Day dreaming e000 08585805 The 4 lobes of the brain: Frontal Lobe- known as the Brocas’ area {named after Paul Broca) Its functions Include higher mental pracesses, decision making, recognition and formulation of speech; and voluntary motor movements, ‘Temporal Lobe- known as the Wernicke's area {named after Carl Wernicke) responsible for the sense of hearing and meaningful speech. It is also responsible for explicit memory, ‘Occipital Lobe- It Is the area of the brain that is located at the rear bottom of each cerebral hemisphere cantaining the visual center of the brain. Parietal Lobe- part of the brain that Is located ‘at the top and back of each cerebral hemisphere. It controls touch, taste and ‘temperature sensations. Neurotransmitter- Are chemicals that carry messages across the synapses or cell body of a receiving neuron, 4, Serotonin — involved in mood, sleep, and appetite,2. Dopamine — controls sensory experiences invoiving pleasure. 3. Acetylcholine = controls the arousal, attention, memory, and muscte contractions of the body. 4, Endorphins ~ involved in pain rellet, 5, Norepinephrine ~ involved In arousal and mood. 6 GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) — involved in sleep and inhibits movement, 7. Glutamate + involved the development of nervous system. Glands - an organ in the human or animal body that secretes particular chemical substances, called hormones, for use in the body of for discharge into the surroundings. 1. Endocrine gland produce chemicals called hormones. These hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream and influence the activities and functions of the muscles and organs and different glands 2. Pituitary gland secretes of growth hormone and other important hormones 3. The pineal gland produces melatonin which, Is @ hormone that affects the wake-sleep pattern. 4. The thyroid gland regulates growth and development by producing thyroxin. 5. The pancreas produces hormones such as Insulin which turn controls the level of sugar in the blood, 6. The adrenal glands controls the stress reaction through the adrenal medulla's The adrenal cortex production of adreni secretes many different kinds of hormones ‘which can help in regulating salt intake, stress and sexual development, 7, The gonads are reproductive glands which fare ovaries (in women) or testes (in men). They produce hormones to controls sexual growth and reproduction. 000 Mental Health is a psychological state of an individual, which may be positive or negative. A person who has a pasitive mental health shows 00d signs of well-being, Well-being Is a holistic view of mental health, which Includes physical wellness, spiritual ‘wellness and psychological wellness. Having a positive well-being can promote the mental health of the individual. ‘Signs of foiling Mental Health 1. Depression a person cannot maximize his or her potential due to his or her problem. 2. Anxiety is characterized by irrational fear and worry towards a situation. 3.Sudden change of mood and behavior person's usual mood or behavior Is not present anymore. ‘4. Poor performance a person cannot maximize his or her potential due to his or her problem. Defense Mechanism assist the individual to adopt and cope with whatever situation the found himself in, tts used toward of anxiety.Types of Defense Mechanism Rationalization involves inventing of excuses or reasons for behavior that Is inadequate, unacceptable or damaging to personal integrity and status. Projection is unconscious aggression reaction, Wherein there is a transfer of inadequacies towards an outside object or another person Displacement is when an individual shifts a response or reaction fram its original object to less dangerous or threatening object. Repression is an unconscious forgetting of shameful thoughts, guilt producing memories, painful experiences, or distasteful task that are removed from awareness or forced below the level of consciousness, Ego centrism is the unconscious pretension ta superior qualities and traits Reaction Formation is a defense mechanism Where urges that are not acceptable to the consciousness are depressed and opposite attitudes or modes of behavior are repressed. Regression is an escape reaction in which an. Individual falls back on thoughts, feelings, or behavior which works successfully during the earlier phase of life. Identification is the mechanism where the Individual enhances self-esteem by patterning, him/herself after another person. Suppression the process consciously and deliberately pushing away unwanted thoughts and impulses. Fixation attachment of the libido onto an earlier, more primitive stage of development. Introjection incorporating positive qualities of another person into their own ego,