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Articles

Indian polity articles

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
37 views32 pages

Articles

Indian polity articles

Uploaded by

Chandru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TOPICS

Day 1 Introduction
DAY 2 Noun + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
DAY 3 Pronoun + (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 4 Adjective + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 5 Adverb + (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 6 Degrees of comparison+ (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 7 Articles+ (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 8 Preposition + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 9 Preposition + (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 10 Conjunction + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 11 Verb + (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 12 Tenses + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 13 Tenses + Conditional clause +(Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 14 Active and Passive voice + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 15 Direct and Indirect speech+(Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 16 Question Tag + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
TOPICS
DAY 17 Fillers + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
DAY 18 Cloze Test + (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 19 Word Rearrangement + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 20 Reading comprehension+ (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 21 Para jumbles + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 22 Match the column +(Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 23 Error Detection + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 24 Error Detection + (Phrasal verb +One Word Substitution)
Day 25 Error Detection + (Synonyms, Antonyms +Idioms and Phrases )
Day 26 Full Revision based on PYQ’s.
ARTICLES
Articles are used before only nouns to limit or define their (Nouns)
uses in the context of the sentence.

Two kinds of articles.

1. Indefinite Articles -- A, An

2. Definite Articles -- The


The Use of Indefinite Articles 'A', 'An’

'A' and 'An' is determined primarily by Sound

(1) "A" is used before a word beginning with consonant.

Ex:

a boy

a child

a book

a student
2. "A" is used before a word beginning with a vowel giving the
sound of a consonant.
Ex:

a one eyed man

a university student

a European

a unique book

a uniform

a universal problem
3. "An" is used before a word beginning with Vowel.

Ex:

an elephant

an apple

an-ass

an umbrella
4. "An" is used before a word beginning with a mute ‘h’.

Ex:

an heir

an hour

an honest man

an honourable person

an honorary post

an hourly visit
5. "An" is used before a word beginning with a consonant
pronounced with the sound of a vowel.

Ex:
an L.L.B student
an M.L.A.
an X-ray
an M.P.
an S.P.
an F.I.R.
6. To make a common noun of a proper noun to express quality.

Ex:

(i). A Shylock is living in my neighbourhood.


7. In certain expressions of quantity with certain numbers and
expressions of 'Price/rate, speed, ratio’.

Ex:

(i) Rupees ten a kilo.

(ii) A dozen mangoes.

(iii) Half a dozen.


The Use of Definite Article 'The’

When we talk of a particular person or a thing as already


mentioned or know.

Ex:
1. The judge found him not guilty.
2. The book you referred is not available in the market
Before proper nouns (unique objects) when they refers, the
names of historical buildings, mountain ranges, planets, rivers,
oceans, gulfs, groups of islands, descriptive names of countries,
deserts.
Ex:
The Taj mahal The Persian Gulf

The Netherlands The Sudan

The Indian Ocean The Ganges

The Himalayas The Sahara

The Bay of Bengal The Arabian sea


Before newspapers, holy books, ordinals, superlative degree,
names of trains, hotels, shops, trains.

Ex:

The Ramayana The Vedas

The first man The Rajdhani Express

The Times of India The Frontline

The best picture The Park Hotel


When only one such thing – “the” is used before it.

Ex:
The moon
The sun

1. The earth goes round the sun.


2. The sun rises in the east
Before musical instruments --- “the” should be used.

Ex:

(1). He can play the flute

(2). She is fond of playing the harmonium.


Before caste and communities --“the” should be used.

Ex:

(1) The Rajputs are brave people.

(2) The Marathas are hard working.


Before the adjectives 'same & whole' and after the adjective 'all
& both' used with plural nouns – “the should be used”.

Ex:
(1). This is the same book that you gave me.

(2). The whole class was absent.

(3) Both the brothers were honest.

(4) All the boys were present there.

(5) All sugar is wasted.


Before sports cups and trophies – “the” should be used

Ex:

(1) India won the Singer Cup last year.

(2) A number of teams are taking part in the World Cup.


Before proper noun for the sake of comparison – “the” should
be used.

Ex:

(1) Surdas is the Milton of India.

(2) Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India.


With the cardinal points /directions – “the” should be used.

Ex:

(1) The Sun rises in the East.

(2) The back of the house.

(3) The front of the house.

(4) The Himalayas are to the North of India.


Before a common noun to give it the sense of an abstract noun
(feelings, qualities, etc)

Ex:

(i) The judge in him (sense of justice)

(ii) The mother in her. (feelings of a mother)

(iii) The beast in him. (cruelty of a beast)


Before inventions.

Ex:

(1) The telephone.

(2) The wireless.

(3) The television.

(4) He was watching television. (Correct)

(5) He was listening to the radio.


Before the dynasties, empires, wars, revolutions, centuries.

Ex:

(1) The Gupta dynasty

(2) The Red revolution.

(3) The Civil war

(4) The British empire.

(5) The Middle ages.

(6) The Vedic ages.

(7) The Sixth century


Before language to signify nationality.

Ex:

(1) The Chinese are hard working.

(2) The Japanese are patriots out and out.


Before nationality (plural)

Ex:

(1).The Greeks.

(2) The Indians.

(3) The Asians

NOTE :

Say An Indian. An Asian, A Greek


Before the organs of government.
Ex:
(1) The Judiciary
(2) The Legislature

Before the political parties.


Ex:
(1) The BJP.
(2) The Janta Party.
Before the Armed forces.

Ex:

(1) The Army.

(2) The Air force.

(3) The Police.


The Omission of Articles

The article 'A/An, The' are omitted

Before proper noun.

Ex:

(1) Shakespeare was the greatest dramatist.

(2) Delhi is the capital of India.


Before names of materials.

Ex:

(1) Silver is a useful metal.

(2) Tea grows in India.

But we can say

( The tea of Assam is very famous.)


Phrasal Verbs
Done with - have no relation

Dispose off - sell off

Draw up - to write / compose/draft

Come round - agree, recover from illness

Come over - got over/ overcome


One word substitution
Annual - Happening once in a year
Biennial - Happening in two years
Triennial - Happening in three years
Quadrennial - Happening in four years
Quinquennial - Happening in 5 years
Decennial - Happening in 10 years
Semicentennial - 50th anniversary
Centennial - 100th anniversary

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