2019Nov

emberHer
it
age‘
O’Lev
elPaper2
SECTI
ONA-
Answeral
lquest
ions
1a)Nameanyfourtypesofinher
it
ance(
4)
-I
ndi
genousi
nheri
tance
-Cont
emporar
yinherit
ance
-Multiplepathinher
itance
-Chieftainshi
pinheri
tance
-Hy bridinheri
tance
-Multipleleveli
nheri
tances
-Hierarchicali
nheri
tance

b)Highli
ghtany3 pr oblemsassoci
atedwit
hindi
genousi
nher
it
ancepr
act
ices(
3)
-Verbalwi l
lcreatespr oblems
-Absenceofawi llatallmaycausedisagr
eements
-Quarrel
samongsur vivors
-Confl
ict
samongsur vi
vors
-Orphansareleftwithouthomes
-Ki
ngdomsar elefthomel ess

C)Gi ve3way sthathav ebeent akenbyt hegov er

nmentofZimbabwet
oaddr
esspr
obl
ems
associatedwi t
hindigenousi nheri
tancepracti
ces(3)
-Legislati
ont opr ot
ectsur vi
vors
-Amendmentoft heconst it
ution
-Educatingpeopl eonwi l
l
sandr i
ghts
-Promot ingt hewr i
tingofwills
-Arr
estingt hosewhov iol
atet heri
ghtsofwi dowsandorphans
-Establ
ishingor ganizati
onst hatcaterf
orwi dowsandorphans

2a)Stateany4functionsofrel
igioninsoci
ali
zat
ion(
4)
-Shapesbehavior
-
Bindspeopletogether
-
Fosterssoli
dari
ty
-
Providescomfortduringber
eav ement
-
identi
tyandunite
-
teachespeoplecorrectmorals
-
Enhancedcohesionamongi ndivi
duals

b)Explain3way sinwhi
chChr
ist
iani
tyhasshapedt
hel
i
vesofpeopl
einZi
mbabwe(
3)
-
Givi
ngt hem educati
on
-
Providinghealt
hfaci
li
ti
es
-
Groomi ngleaders
-
Offeri
ngf i
nancial
support
-
Cont roll
inghumanbehavior
-
Inculcatingethi
cal
quali
ti
esinpeopl
ee.gpat
ience
-
Mor al support
-
Trainingskill
sandentr
epreneur
shi
p
-
Recr eationandent
ert
ainment

c)Suggestmeasur est hatcanbet akent

osolver
eli
giousdi
ff
erences(
3)
-Dialogue
-National daysofpr ayerandf asti
ng
-Arrestingcr imi nal
s
-De-r egisteringchur ches
-Respectandr eli
gioust ol
erance
-Biblest udy
-Educat ingt hepeopl e/awar enesscampaigns
-Legislation/ lawst obeputi nplace
-All
owi ngf r
eedom ofwor ship
-Arbitrationdur i
ngr eli
giousquar r
els

3a)Identi
fyany4f actorst
hatl
edtot
hecol
oni
sat
ionofZi
mbabwe(
4)
-Needforrawmat eri
als
-Needformi nerals
-Needf ornewmar ket
s
-Needf orfert
ilelands
-Needf orcheapl abor
-TospreadChr isti
anity
-ToeducateAf ricans
-Toshowsupr emacyandpr est
ige
-Empirebuildi
ng

b)Explai
nhowtheRuddConcessi onhelpedtheBr
it
isht
ocol
oni
zeZi
mbabwe(
3)
-Itgav
etheBrit
ishtheri
ghttotakeoverZimbabwe
-I
tpavedwayfortheroyalchart
er
-I
tpavedwayforthePioneercolumn
-I
texcl
udedotherconcessionseeker
s

C)Out l
ineany3measur est hatwer etakenbyLobengul
ainsolvingt
hepr
obl
emscausedby
theRuddConcessi on(3)
-Sentadelegat i
ontotheBr iti
sh
-ExecutedLot sheandSi kombo
-Wroteprotestlett
erstot heBr i
tishqueen
-Si
gnedt heLippertconcessi on
-Establ
i
shedaboundar ybet weenMashonal andandMatebel
eland
-FoughttheBriti
shi n1893-1894
-I
temphasi sedv er
bal t
ermsi nthecourtsoflaw
4a)Namethe4Zi mbabweanHer
oinesl
abel
edA,
B.C&D(
4)
-
A-Sall
yMugabe/Thel at
eAmaiMugabe
-
B-Vict
ori
aChitepo
-
C-RuthChinamano
-
D-MamaMaf uyanaNkmo

b)Wr it
eany3way sinwhi chtheHeroinesinf
luencewomeni
nZi
mbabwe(
3)
-encouragewomen f ortheirri
ghts
-Encouragewoment otakeupl eadershipposts
-Openedupoppor t
uniti
esf orwoment ogetintobusi
ness
-Inspir
edotherwoment obebr av
e
-Encouragethepart
ici
pationofwomeni npoli
ti
cs
-Inst
il
lsafeeli
ngofpatri
ot i
sm
-Encourageshardworking
-Encouragesgenderequal i
ty

c)Giveany3way sinwhi chtheZimbabweanGov

ernmenthasaddr
essedpr
obl
emsf
acedby
widowsofFal lenHer oes( 3)
-Processingpensi onbenef i
tsforsur
vivor
s
-Al
locati
ngthem l and
-Givi
ngt hem businessl oans
-Givi
ngmor alsuppor t
-Givi
ngmat erialsuppor t
-Freeaccesst oheal t
h/ medicalserv
ices
-Providi
ngsecur i
ty
-Paymentoffeesf ortheirchi
ldr
en

5a)Gi v e2r ightsand2r esponsi

bil
i
tiesi
nZi
mbabwe(
4)
Right s
-
Educat ion
-
Shel ter
-
Heal t
h
-
Food
-
Secur i
ty/prot ect
ion
-
Life
-
Fr eedom ofspeech
-
Legal represent ati
on
Responsi bi
liti
es
-
looki ngaf terchildren
-
feedi ngt hef ami l
y
-
fet chingwat er

b)Stateany3measureshowt heZi
mbabweangov
ernmenthast
akent
ouphol
dri
ght
soft
he
el
derlypeopl
e(3)
-Enacti
ngseniorci
ti
zenshi
plaws
-
Educat ionawar eness
-
Providingpensi onfunds
-
Freeaccesst ohealth
-
Freetr ansport
-
Clothesal locat
ion
-
Foodal l
ocation
-
Farmi ngi nputs
-
Priori
tyi naccessingpubl
icser
vicese.
gbanks

c)Ment i
onany3pr oblemst heel
der
lypeopleexper
iencei
fthei
rri
ght
sar
enotr
ecogni
zed(
3)
-Fai l
uretoaccessf aci
li
ti
es
-Failur
etoaccessr esources
-Deterior
at i
onofheal th
-Starvati
on
-Deat h
-Lossofsel festeem
-Stress
-Lossofpr operti
es
-Lackofr espect
-Dest i
tut
ion
-Lackoff inancialsupportfr
om soci
alwelf
are

6a)StudyFi
g.6.
1bel
owandanswerquesti
onsthatf
oll
ow
i
)Identi
fyt
hecli
mati
cdi
sast
ershowninthepi
cture(
1)
-
Drought

i
i)Give3causesoft hisdi
sast
er(
3)
-Rainshadoweffect
-El
ninoeffect
-Globalwarming
-Unev enrai
nfal
ldist
ri
buti
on
-Deforest
ati
on
-Cli
mat echange
-Lowr ai
nfal
lDeaths

6b)Listany3way sinwhichpeopl
eareaf
fect
edbyt
hedi
sast
eri
dent
if
iedi
n(a)(
i)(
3)
-Pooryields
-
Mal nutri
tion
-
Pov erty
-
Deat hofpeopl e
-
Poorwat ersuppl i
es
-
St ar
vation
-
Wat erbonedi seases
-
Lossofl i
v estock
-
Ant i
-social behavi
ore.gprost
it
uti
ont
heft
6c)St ateany3measur ethatt
hegover
nmenthast
akent
ocont
rolhumanact
ivi
ti
est
hat
causesenv i
ronmentaldegr
adat
ion(
3)
-Educat ionawar eness
-Legi sl
at i
on
-Penal ties
-Rewar ds
-Reset tlement
-Afor estati
on
-Re-grassing
-Gullyreclamat i
on
-Paddocki ng

SECTI
ONB
Answer2QUESTI
ONS
EACHQUESTIONCARRI
ES20mar
ks

7a)Descr ibether eincarnation( kurov

aguv a/ umbiyi
so)ceremonythati
spr act
icedi
nmost
partsofZi mbabwe( 8)
-I
t’
st hetraditi
onal ceremony
-Heldoney earaft
erbur i
al
-Underly
ingbel i
efi slif
eaf terdeat h
-It
’sthebr ingbackcer emony
-Beerisbr ewedf orsev enday s
-Agoati ssl aughtered
-Meati seat enwithoutsal t
-Thecer emonyi schar acterisedbysi ngi
ng,dancing,eat
ing,andbeerdr
inki
ng
-Ceremony usual l
yt akes3day s
-Ceremonyi sperfor medi fthedeceasedper sonwasupr ightorwi
thnotracesofevi
l
-Acowi ssl aughteredi fthedeceasedwasmal e
-Nameoft hedeceasedi sgiv entohiseldestson

b)Demonst ratehowt hekurovaguv

aceremonybenef
it
sthel
i
ving(
6)
-
Protect i
onfr om ancestor
s
-
Givest hem goodf ort
une
-
Providespeacebet weentheli
vi
ngandthedead
-
Givespr osper it
ygoodheal t
hgoodharv
estwealt
h
-
Unitesf amilies
-
Eradicatemi sfor
tunes
-
Perpet uatesnames
-
Ensur esfami l
ysupport
c)Showhowf ami lyl
eader
scansolv
econfli
ctst
hatar
iseamongfami
l
ymember sasaresul
t
ofther eincar
nat i
onceremony(6)
-Educationawar eness
-Consultingspritmediums
-Arbi
tr
at i
on
-Provi
dinggui dance
-Providecounsel ing
-All
owingt hosewhodonotbel i
eveintheceremoni
estobeexcl
udedf
rom at
tendi
ngt
he
ceremoni es

8a)Descr i
bet hei mpor tanceoftot
emsi nindi
genousZi
mbabweancommuni
ti
es.(
8)
-
Ameasur esofi dent it
y
-
Saf eguar dagai nsti ncest
-
Cement sr elati
onshi ps
-
Promot esol idarit
y
-
Signofr espect
-
Mi nimizeconf li
ctsinsoci ety
-
Regul atebehav ior
-
Regul atest heenv i
ronmentorecosy stem
-
Conser v ati
onmet hod
-
Poi ntofcont actbet weent heli
vi
ngandt hedead
-
Regul atemar ri
agei nstitut
ions
-
Bringspeopl eofdi f
ferentethni
cstogether
-
Usedt oclaim chi eftai
nship/land
-
Uni fy
ingf orce
-
Appr eciationofgoodt hings

b)Explainhowt otemsi nf
luencehumanbehav
iori
nindi
genousZi
mbabweansoci
eti
es(
6)
-
Infl
uencediet-onecannoteatownt ot
em
-
Bringpr i
detobear ersofthetotem
-
Assistintheformat i
onofal l
iances
-
Solveconf l
i
cts
-
Promot eunity
-
Distr
ibuteduti
es
-
Promot esegregat i
on
-
Causei nfer
ior
ity
-
Encour agedeviance

c)Suggestmeasur esthatcanbet akentodiscourageviol

ati
onofcul
tur
alv
alues(
6)
-Educatepeopl eont hei
mpor tanceofcultur
al val
ues
-Encouragether ecit
ingoftotems
-Conduct i
ngregulargather
ingswher eval
uesarepr acti
ced
-Prov i
dingguidanceoncul t
ur alval
ues
-Punishmentsf orthosewhov iol
atecult
ural
v al
ues
-Warningpeopl eont hedanger sofviol
ati
ngculturalval
ues
-
Maki
ngHer
it
ageSt
udi
esacor
esubj
ectt
aughtatal
ll
evel
sofl
ear
ning

9a)Tracestepst akenbyt heBri

ti
shtocoloni
zeZimbabwe(
8)
-
Signi
ngoft heMof fatTreatyof1888
-
Signi
ngoft heTat i
concessi on1870
-
Signi
ngoft heBai nesTr eaty1871
-
Singi
ngoft heRuddConcessi on1888
-
ObtainingtheRoy al Charter1889
-
AssigningtheBSACt ofinancetheoccupat
ion1889
-
Recruiti
ngthepi oneercol umn
-
Commi ssi
oningoft hepioneercol
umn
-
Establi
shingf ort
s
-
Raisi
ngt heUni onJack
-
Taxationoft heShona
-
Creati
onofapol icef or
ce
-
Landgr abbing
-
Anglo-Ndebel ewar
-
Creati
onofcheapl abor

b)Giv eway si nwhichcoloni

sat
ionnegat
ivel
yaf
fect
edt
hel
i
vesoft
hepeopl
eofZi
mbabwe
(6)
-
Disuni ty
-
Lossofl and
-
Lossofi ndependence
-
Lossofcat t
le
-
Lossof
-
Lossofpower
-
Forcedl abour
-
Unf airtaxes
-Il
ltreatment
-
Deat hofpeopl e
-
Creat ionofr eser
ves
-
Rest rict
ionofmov ement
-
Segr egat i
oni neducati
onandhealt
h
-
Abuseofwomenandchi ldr
en
-
Fami l
ybr eak-ups
-
Limi tednumberofl i
vestock

c)Explainhowt heZimbabweangov er
nmenthasat
tempt
edt
osol
vet
hepr
obl
emscr
eat
ed
byt hecoloni
algovernment(6)
-Landredistr
ibut
ion
-Blackempower ment
-Encouragedentrepr
eneurshi
p
-Intr
oducingtheupdatedcurr
icul
um
-Establi
shingschools
-Establi
shinghealt
hfacili
ti
es
-Envir
onment aleducati
on
-Changet heconstit
uti
on
-Re-namingofschool sroadsetc
-I
ntroducinghousingco-operat
ives
-Pensions
-Scholarships
-Equali
tyandequi t
ytobepr omot ed

10a)St atetheent i
tl
ementsofmeni ni
ndi
genoussoci
ety(
8)
-Br
idepr i
ce/lobola
-
Tool s
-
Ownsahome/ house
-
Conducti mportantfamil
ygather
ings
-
Children
-
Headi ngt hefami l
y
-
Respect /command
-
Traditionalcourts/Dar
e
-
Cer t
ainpar tsofmeat
-
Father’sfield

b)Showt heimportanceofwomenent it
lementsi
nindi
genoussoci
ety(
6)
-
Promot estheappreciati
onoftheval
ueofwomen
-
Buil
dr el
ationshi
ps
-
Enhancet heimportanceofwomen
-
Promot eswomenempower ment
-
Makeswomenf eelasenseofbelongi
ng
-
Reducesabuseofwomenbymen
-
Womenbecomeweal thi
er
-
Tot hankthem fortaki
ngcareofthegir
l chi
l
d

c)Expl ainmeasur esthatcanbet akentopreserv emenandwomenent

it
lement
sint
he
Zimbabwean( 6)
-Educat i
ngpeopl eont heimpor tanceofindigenousenti
tl
ement
s
-Leadingbyexampl e
-Producel i
teratur
et hatpromot escult
uralvalues
-Formi ngcul turalclubs
-l
egisl
at ionoft heent i
tl
ement s
-Penaltiesf orthosewhodi sregardenti
tlements
-Reviv
ingcer emoni esthataccor ddiff
erententit
lement
s
-Harmoni eslawsandt radi
tionalpract
ices
11a)Descr
ibechar
act
eri
sti
csoft
hef
ormalandi
nfor
malsect
ors(
8)

Formal Sect or
-Empl oyeeswor kforf
ixedhours
-Formal cont r
actsaresignedbetweenempl
oyerandempl
oyee
-Jobdescr ipti
onsar eclear
lystated
-I
nvolv eof fi
cialcompanyr egist
rati
on
-Compani espayt axes
-Termi nationofcondi ti
ons
-Registeredbr ands
-Annual leav eawar ded
-Fi
xedsal aries
-Guarant eedqual i
tyofproducts
-Hugecapi talinvestments

I
nformalSector
-
Absenceofwr i
ttenr ules
-
Verbalcontacts
-
Absenceoft axpay ment
-
Absenceofbankaccount s
-
Absenceofmedi cal benefit
s
-
Absenceofpai dl eav e
-
Lit
tl
ecapital
-
Congestedwor kenv ir
onment
-
Absenceoff ixedwages
-
Nof i
xedwor kinghour s

b)Demonst ratehowt heinformalsect

orhascontri
but
edtowar
dseconomi
cdev
elopmenti
n
Zimbabwe( 6
-Employmentcr eati
on
-Bri
ngingfor ei
gncur rency
-Encouragingt ouri
sm
-Infr
astructuredev el
opment
-Goodspr ov i
siontothenat i
on
-Governmentr ev enuet hr
oughi mportdut
ies
-I
mpr ovi
ngt i
esbet weenZi mbabweandsur roundi
ngcount
ri
es
-I
mpr ovest andardsofl iv
ing
-Moreincomet othelocal peopl
e

c)Suggestsol ut
ionstochal l
engesfacedbyt heinfor
malsectori
nZimbabwe(
6)
-Provi
sionofloans
-Encouragingtheinfor
mal sectort
or egist
er
-Marketinggoodsf r
om informalsectorinfor
mal medi a
-Enacti
ngl awsthatpromot einf
ormal sect
orfrom for
eigncompeti
ti
on
-All
ocatingproperl
ydesignatedworkingsitesfortheinfor
malsect
or
-
-
Promotingformati
onofassoci
ati
onsamongi
nfor
mal
trader
sformor
ecent
ral
i
zedcont
rol
-
Int
roducingtaxest
oinf
ormalsect
or