Unit-III
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
MECHANISM
DISASTER MANAGEMENT MECHANISM
• Concepts of risk management and crisis management
• Disastermanagementcycle;ResponseandRecovery;Development,Prevention,Mitig
ationandPreparedness;Planning or relief
• Role of GIS and Information Technology Components in Preparedness,
Risk Assessment, Response and Recovery Phases of Disaster
Geographical Management Information System
for Emergency Management
• The Geographical Information System (GIS) can play a crucial role in the gathering and
analysis of information needed for disaster management.
• The GIS can give higher quality results than can be obtained manually.
• It can facilitate decision-making and improve co-ordination among agencies; disaster
management planning, monitoring and implementation at the State and district, block,
municipality and gram panchayat levels.
• It will help strengthen disaster management activities at all levels in a more scientific
manner at all levels and prove to be a sound Decision Support System.
Effectiveness of GIS
• Effective Decision Making
• Visual Effect
• More Clarity
• Image Interpretation
• All the information is in the form of Layers.
• GIS data organization format displays data in a format, which is easy to
understand.
• GIS database can depict vital features like boundaries, topography, road
network, utility and supply lines and other for disaster planning.
Uses of GIS
• Preparation of Geographic Information System (GIS) for disaster mitigation and
development planning.
• Preparation of appropriate GIS database and Digital Maps.
• Drawing of blue print of action at the State levels, District, Block & Municipality and
showing identified agencies
• Use of the existing maps in 1: 50K and 1:25K scale and preparation of detailed large scale
maps of 1: 10K scale, where ever necessary.
• Preparation of topographic maps of hazardous areas on a priority basis.
• Seismic Micro-zonation of all major cities, urban and industrial centres, other vital
installations like dams and major mines with detailed risk assessment of all buildings and
infrastructure along with district, municipality and block hazard zonation maps of all
identified hazards.
Uses of GIS
• The GIS can be used for Hazard management at different levels of development
planning. At the State level, it can be used in hazard assessments for resource analysis and
project identification.
• Generation of spatial outputs with supportive tables/charts to help in development
planning and decision making.
• Improving the quality conventional forecasting by Integration with the state of art
technologies, namely Remote Sensing and GIS.
• Operational use of satellite data for real time data. For monitoring and predicting and
tracking potential hazards and predicting disaster damage scenarios.
GIS Applications for
Disaster Management
• Visualization and Mapping
• Modelling and Risk Assessment
• Emergency Response Planning
• Coordination and Communication
• Resource and Asset Management
• Post-Disaster Recovery and
Reconstruction
GIS and Remote Sensing in Disaster &
Emergency Management
• Situational Awareness
• Damage Assessment
• Evacuation Planning and Route Optimization
• Resource Management
• Communication and Coordination
Key Components of GIS in Disaster
Preparedness
• Acquisition of Spatial Data
• Geodatabases and Data Integration
• Spatial Analysis
• Real-time Monitoring and Remote Sensing
• Decision Support Systems
• Collaboration and Communication Tools
GIS Technology in Disaster Response and
Recovery Phases
• Mapping and Spatial Analysis
• Emergency Preparedness and Management
• Logistics and Resource Allocation
• Situation Awareness and Decision Support
• Community Engagement and Resilience
Main Steps of Crisis Management
1.Detecting early warning signs and signals
2.Preparation and prevention
3.Containing damage
4.Recovery from crisis
5.Learning and adapting from the crisis
