A POLICY PAPER ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROPER WASTE

DISPOSAL IN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY MAIN CAMPUS,

MARAWI CITY, LANAO DEL SUR

A Policy Paper
Presented to
PROF. MARECON C. VIRAY
Faculty, Department of Public Administration
College of Public Affairs
Mindanao State University
Marawi City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Course
BPA108 (Methods in Policy Analysis)
A.Y. 2022-2023

BACARAT, ABDULNAJEB A.
BANTUAS, MOHAMMAD JASIM
DANGANAN, NORHANIFA A.
ISMAEL, SAINOR
OZARAGGA, LYNDON

December 2022
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

i
Abstract

ii
Table of Contents

Statement of the Policy Problem 2

Policy Issue Statement 4
Goals of the Proposed Policy 5
Objectives of the Proposed Policy 6
Stakeholders of the Proposed Policy 6
Actors of the Proposed Policy 8
Policy Options 8
Assessment of Policy Alternatives 9
Description of the best Policy Alternative 11
Requirements for the implementation of the Alternative Policy 11
Policy Recommendations 12
Resolution of Public Policy 14
References 15

1
A. STATEMENT OF THE POLICY PROBLEM

Mindanao State University, commonly referred to as MSU-MAIN, is a

regional state, coeducational, research higher education institution in the city of

Marawi, Philippines founded in 1961. It is the flagship and the largest campus of

the Mindanao State University System. Being known as the largest campus of

MSU system, it has bigger spaces and has clean roads, and buildings that the

students, faculties, and residences go for and rejoice. Time passes, the clean

road that we see has replaced by wastes that an irresponsible resident throw in

the areas of the campus.

Improper waste disposal is one of the biggest environmental issues here

in the campus. It caused bigger problems that affect not only the environment but

also the health and life of the people. Management of the waste disposal has a

serious effect on water contamination, flooding, air pollution, water pollution and

others.

MSU main campus – Marawi City has a big problem regarding the

disposal of waste in the campus which can affect the student, other constituents,

and the facilities of the university. The war on waste promotes the separation of

the waste of biodegradable and non-biodegradable. It is essentially to have the

correct system of disposal to help the facilities of the university. Human activities

contribute significantly to waste management. Recognizing the effect of improper

management, garbage crisis can be prevented by practicing waste

characterization and segregation at source (separate container properly marked

2
as “compostable”, “non-recyclable”, “recyclable”), proper collection and transfer

(ensuring 100% collection efficiency within 24 hours from all sources in MSU

main campus), recycling, and compositing as mandated by the law. Therefore,

we, the constituents of the MSU main campus should be responsible in throwing

our own trash in the proper place.

This policy paper seeks to answer to the existing problem in waste

disposal. Most of the resident in MSU-Main Campus – Marawi City usually

incinerate their garbage; this kind of disposal is not eco-friendly and can affect

the campus itself and the people can inhale emission of smoke. Another one is

that way of waste disposal can also lead to several diseases especially, such

asthma, bronchi, and emphysema. Burning trash can be also dangerous if not

supervised, fire can spread and burn nearby trees, wood houses and can harm

animals. Any responsible citizen of the community can conduct an appropriate

solution for the sake of their environment. Accordingly, researchers said that

various human activity can result a negative impact which can also cause health

hazards to the campus. Proper discipline and an awareness in MSU-Main

campus is needed. Nowadays, the main problem of everybody about solid waste

management is the lack of discipline of some people, that causes growing rate of

garbage problem that also affect air, pollution, water and soil contamination,

floods and others.

3
B. POLICY ISSUES STATEMENT

Some factors affect the campus way on garbage disposal, these factors

are the lack of knowledge on proper waste disposal, and lack of garbage trucks

that may collect their garbage and the MSU-main campus were accustomed on

incinerating their own garbage. The first statement is that “what are the methods

used by the campus in disposing their waste?” whereas we all know,

implemented waste disposal policies do not stay longer for the methods that

sometimes used in a policy is not effective and has no efficiency to the people

who benefits it. Second is that “does the lack of bins be a source improper waste

disposal?” sometimes the wrong way of methods in a policy is the lack of

equipment.

The related issue on the project is the worldwide problem in the pollution

in air and land. In where the problem in air pollution are burning of trashes that

can results in releasing too much greenhouse gases in air that can easily destroy

the layers of the atmosphere, second is the problem in land pollution if we don’t

have a healthy soil that can be for planting plants or trees due to the chemical the

already killed the fertility of the soil due to the harmful chemical that comes from

the garbage’s the world will suffer from lacking of filtered soil. With these two

related issues that might happen in the premises of MSU main campus, the

4
student and its other constituents might suffer in terms of their health and

environment safety.

C. GOALS OF PROPOSED POLICY

With the increasing population in the university that creates an

industrialization waste management is becoming a severe problem around the

campus. The goal of the proposed policy is to help to maintain a cleaner

environment and reduces the chances of spending diseases. To remind the

officials regarding with this problem on the improper waste disposal in the

campus, and to find solution on the said problem, the MSU main campus –

Marawi City will give information on the overall situation of the ordinance in the

locality. It will also be an induction for the citizens of campus who are unaware of

the ordinance.

The legislative office will be given background information about the level

of implementation of the Comprehensive Improper Waste Disposal Management

ordinance in the locality, which will contribute further improvement in aid of

legislation. The Department of Environment and Nature Resources will be

provided with information that they can use to enhance waste management

system of the campus where the study will also benefit the Barangay officials in

providing official records about the present situation concerning law obedience in

5
their specific area. Lastly, the goal of this policy is to know if the MSU main

campus – Marawi City, Lanao del sur has practices towards waste segregation.

The proper knowledge of waste segregation can help the university a clean and

diseased free community.

D. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED POLICY

The objective of the study is the following:

 To ensure the protection of the environment of the campus through

effective waste management measures.

 Increase amount of awareness on their own waste to be dispose

properly and waste minimization.

 Ensure an effective and efficient solid waste management.

E. STAKEHOLDERS OF THE PROPOSED POLICY

Stakeholders are those who care about or are otherwise affected by the

policy, whereas it also includes those involved in creating policy and the one who

will benefit the policy. The generalization of this study would be a great

contribution and could be beneficial, especially to the following:

6
 Student. The findings of this study are for benefits of informing them that

disposing waste improperly has a bad effect to our health that causes different

diseases to our body. Furthermore, to identify and understand the reasons why

some students dispose their waste improperly and to gain more knowledge about

the topic.

Faculty. Involvement is important for the success of waste prevention on

strategies, such a discipline method. Their supervision is a big help for the

students to be aware of the disadvantages of improper waste disposal and be a

service if instrument in teaching their students about the essence of proper waste

management.

Barangay. They will be able to assess success of the implementation of

R.A 9003 as to the recycling/ reusing of non-biodegradable solid waste and

composting of bio-degradable solid waste.

University. The study will help the University to have a new outcome of

becoming a great influence not only to teacher but most especially to the

students as well.

Employee. The study will help the employee working in the school for

instance janitors and guards to do their job smoothly and hassle free.

Researchers. The study will help the researcher to give enlightenment of

the topic that is being addressed and to have a new information about changes

that are happening in this generation. In addition, this will serve as an opportunity

7
for them to seek and come up with possible solution to overcome and prevent

these issues.

Parents. The study will help them understand the importance of waste

segregation and practiced by their children as this will be rebound to benefit their

homes at the end.

Solid Waste Management Office will be the coordinating office for the

concerns regarding the solid waste. This policy will help them effectively carry out

and perform their functional elements such as onsite storage, processing and

handling, collection, transfer and transport, resource recover, and final disposal.

Local Government. This study helps them in the practice of waste

segregation and in crafting legislative measures that will help them raise the

awareness of the town people about proper waste segregation.

F. ACTORS OF THE PROPOSED POLICY

The actors on the proposed policy are the undergraduate students in the

Department of Public Administration, to be evaluated by the Local Policy makers,

to be part of the advocacy of the Community advocates and the Facilitators.

G. POLICY OPTIONS

The following are the three (3) alternatives on the proposed policy:

ALTERNATIVE 1 ALTERNATIVE 2

PROMOTING A PROGRAM WITH AN

PROMOTING A PROGRAM ON ADEQUATE SERVICES TO AVOID
RAISING AN AWARENESS ON THE THE IMPROPER WASTE IN MSU-
IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL IN MAIN CAMPUS
MSU-MAIN CAMPUS 8
EFFECTIVENESS RATIO/POLICY
EFFECTIVENESS RATIO/POLICY DELPHI: **
DELPHI: **
 ALTERNATIVE 3

CREATING A POLICY WHICH CREATES

A SYSTEM FOR THE PROPER WASTE
DISPOSAL AND RAISING AWARENESS
IN MSU-MAIN CAMPUS

EFFECTIVENESS RATIO/POLICY
DELPHI: ****

H. ASSESMENT OF ALTERNATIVES

MITIGATING
SPILLOVERS/
ALTERNATIVES EXTERNALITIES CONSTRAINTS
EFFECTIVENESS
MEASURES

Alt. 1:
PROMOTING A  Improvised  Communi MANPOWER PROPER
PROGRAM ON knowledge ty IMPLEMENTA
RAISING AN to stop the Advocate TION OF THE
AWARENESS improper s, SAID
ON THE waste Facilitato ALTERNATIV
IMPROPER disposal in rs using E AND THE
WASTE the efforts USE OF
DISPOSAL IN campus. and MANPOWER
MSU-MAIN measures
CAMPUS to
support
the policy

Alt. 2:
PROMOTING A  Improvised  Communi MANPOWER, PROPER
PROGRAM knowledge ty BUDGET IMPLEMENTA
WITH AN to stop the Advocate TION OF THE
ADEQUATE improper s, SAID

9
 SERVICES TO waste Facilitato ALTERNATIV
AVOID THE disposal in rs using E AND THE
IMPROPER the efforts USE OF
WASTE IN MSU- campus. and MANPOWER
MAIN CAMPUS  Fulfilling measures
obligations to FUNDRAISIN
to protect support
the the policy G
campus
from the
pollution of
garbage.
Alt. 3:  Improvised  Communi
CREATING A knowledge ty MANPOWER, PROPER
POLICY WHICH to stop the Advocate BUDGET AND IMPLEMENTA
CREATES A improper s, TECHNICAL TION OF THE
SYSTEM FOR waste Facilitato INFORMATION SAID
THE PROPER disposal in rs using ALTERNATIV
WASTE the efforts E AND THE
DISPOSAL AND campus. and USE OF
RAISING  Fulfilling measures MANPOWER
AWARENESS obligations to
IN MSU-MAIN to protect support FUNDRAISIN
CAMPUS the the policy G
campus
from the  Accompli ADEQUATE
pollution of shing to SERVICES
garbage. establish MUST BE
the said PROVIDED
 Actors and alternativ
Advocates e.
to make an
advocacy
against  If
improper establish,
waste Communi
disposal to ty
be Advocate
addressed s,
as part of Facilitato
the public rs and
problem to supporter
be solve. s will
exert
their
strength

10
 & efforts
to fulfill
the said
alternativ
e.

I. DESCRIPTION OF THE BEST POLICY ALTERNATIVE

ALTERNATIVE 3
DESCRIPTION
CREATING A POLICY WHICH CREATES A SYSTEM FOR THE PROPER WASTE
DISPOSAL AND RAISING AWARENESS IN MSU-MAIN CAMPUS

REASONS FOR SELECTION

• EFFECTIVENESS RATIO: ****
• THE EFFECTIVENESS HAS A GOOD EXPECTED OUTCOME TO ALLEVIATE
THE IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL IN MSU-MAIN CAMPUS.
• HAS THE BEST BENEFITS AND BEST PREVENTION AND RESPONSE.

J. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ALTERNATIVE

POLICY

Legislative Requirements

11
 For legislative requirement, the policy makers will be using a (Board

Resolution) if possible, to ensure the successful implementation of the policy

where the fully awareness of the people especially the officials are accomplished.

Implementing Agent/Unit Agency

The LEGISLATIVE OFFICE will be given background information about

the level of implementation of the Comprehensive Improper Waste Disposal

Management ordinance in the locality, which will contribute further improvement

in aid of legislation. And,

The Department of Environment and Nature Resources (DENR) will be

provided with information that they can use to enhance waste management

system of the campus where the study will also benefit the barangay captains in

provide official records about the present situation concerning law obedience in

their specific area.

MSU Board of Regents (BOR) as the highest decision-making and

governing body of the University. They may plan, design, approve and/or cause

the implementation of contracts, mechanisms, and financial instruments,

including the policies in the University. This policy shall undergo through the

sessions of the MSU Board of Regents where they will be assessing this policy,

and shall take effect once approved by the BOR.

MSU Solid Waste Management Office will be the coordinating and

implementing office of this policy. Through this policy, they will effectively and

efficiently carry out and perform their functional elements such as onsite storage,

12
processing and handling, collection, transfer and transport, resource recover, and

final disposal.

K. POLICY RECOMMENDATION

For the recommendation which will be concluding the policy, DENR as

part of the implementing agency should be part of the strengthening on the policy

for its proper implementation on the waste disposal here in MSU-Main Campus,

whereas, with the results of the assessment of alternatives, Policy Alternative 3

(creating a policy which creates a system for the proper waste disposal and

raising awareness in MSU Main campus) will be followed as the guide on making

a policy to be implemented.

The selected Policy Alternative includes spillovers such as:

1. Improvised knowledge to stop the improper waste disposal in the campus.

2. Fulfilling obligations to protect the campus from the pollution of garbage.

3. Actors and Advocates to make an advocacy against improper waste

disposal to be addressed as part of the public problem to be solve.

The alternative’s externalities include effects such as:

1. Community Advocates, Facilitators using efforts and measures to support

women
2. Accomplishing to establish the said alternative.
3. If establish, Community Advocates, Facilitators and supporters will exert

their strength & efforts to fulfill the said alternative.

13
Manpower, Budget, and Technical Information were also identified as the policy
alternative’s constraints. With these given, mitigating measures include the
following:
1. Proper implementation of the said alternative and the use of manpower.
2. Fundraising
3. Adequate services must be provided.

L. RESOLUTION OF PUBLIC POLICY

A RESOLUTION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROPER WASTE DISPOSAL

IN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY MAIN CAMPUS,
MARAWI CITY, LANAO DEL SUR

WHEREAS, the Republic Act No. 9003 otherwise called Ecological Solid
Waste Management Act of 2000, Article 1, Section 2 provided that “It is hereby
declared the policy of the State to adopt a systematic, comprehensive, and ecological
solid waste management program which shall: (a) Ensure the protection of public
health and environment; (b) Utilize environmentally-sound methods that maximize the
utilization of valuable resources and encourage resources conservation and recovery;
(c) Set guidelines and targets for solid waste avoidance and volume reduction through
source reduction and waste minimization measures, including composing, recycling,
re-use, recovery, green charcoal process, and others, before collection, treatment and
disposal in appropriate and environmentally sound solid waste management facilities in
accordance with ecologically sustainable development principles; (d) Ensure the proper
segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste
through the formulation and adoption of the best environmental practices in ecological
waste management excluding incineration;

WHEREAS, Article 2, Section 16 of the Constitution provides that the State

shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in
accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. The Local Government Code likewise
mandates the protection of the environment and impose appropriate penalties for acts
which endanger the environment.

14
 WHEREAS, the Republic Act No. 9512 otherwise known as National
Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008, Section 4 provides
Environmental Education and Activities as Part of National Service Training Program.
The CHED and the TESDA shall include environmental education and awareness
programs and activities in the National Service Training Program under Republic Act
No. 9163, as part of the Civic Welfare Training Service component required for all
baccalaureate degree courses and vocational courses with a curriculum of at least two
(2) years.

WHEREAS, the Mindanao State University firmly believes that a clean and
tidy community fosters concern for the environment. To this end, there is a need to
intensify the campaign on proper waste disposal to prevent ecological and
environmental degradation and instill a sense of discipline, social responsibility, and
awareness for the environment to promote ecological justice and sustainable
development.

NOW, THEREFORE, as view of the foregoing provisions, and upon the

motion of ________________duly seconded by ________________________, be it;

RESOLVED, as it hereby resolves the implementation of the Proper Waste

Disposal in Mindanao State University Main Campus, Marawi City to promote a
greener, safer, and cleaner environment;

Adopted,

BACARAT, ABDULNAJEB A.
BANTUAS, MOHAMMAD JASIM
DANGANAN, NORHANIFA A.
ISMAEL, SAINOR
OZARAGGA, LYNDON

15
M. REFERENCES

Republic Act No. 9003. Republic of the Philippines, Congress of the Philippines,
Metro Manila, Eleventh Congress, Third Regular Session. [Online] Available:
http://emb.gov.ph/nswmc/pdf/iec/R.A.%209003.PDF

Republic Act (RA) No. 7160 “Local Government Code of 1991”. [Online].
Available: www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1991/ra_7160_1991.html

Republic Act (RA) No. 9512, The Environmental Awareness and Education Act
of 2008, (December 12, 2008). [Online]. Available:
http://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/republic_acts.php?doctype=Republic
%20Acts&docid=12329547271987714391

Abdul-Rahman H. Takim, R., & Sze Min, W. (2010, August). Financial- related
causes contributing to project delays. Journal of Retail and Leisure Property,
Volume 8, Issues 3, pp 225-228. Retrieved April 11, 2018, from
https://link.springer.com/article/10/1057/rlp.2009.11\
Anikwe, M. N., Nwobodo, K.A. (2002, July). Long term effect of municipal waste
disposal on soil properties and productivity of sites used for urban agriculture in
Abakailiki, Nigeria. Elsevier: Bioresource Technology, Volume 8, Issue 3, pp231
– 250. Retrieved February 6, 2018, from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852401001547/

16
Boehlke, J. (2017, June 13). The Effect of Improper Garbage Disposal. Retrieved
February 6, 2018, from https://www.livestrong.com/article/123475-effect-
improper-garbage-disposal/
Hayes, L., (2016, May 31). Environmental Benefits of Waste Management.
Retrieved April 11, 2018, from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/environmental-
benefits/waste-management-leon-hayes
Arsad (1996) Community Participation in Solid Waste Management in Patan:
Solid Waste Management in Subahal Tole
https://www.globenet.org/preceup/pages/and/chapitre/capitali/cas/nepal.htm
Huebsch (2017) Proper Waste Segregation and Disposal
https://www/ehow.comway_5701500_proper-waste-disposal.htm1
Hansen (2010) Garbage Disposal System for Proper Waste Management
http://ezinearticles.com/?Garbage-Disposal-System-From-Proper-Waste-
Managment&id=4432903
Pedroza (2017) Review of Related Literature
https://www.scribd.com/document/3479090/Review-of-related-Literature
Larney, F.J., Sullivan, D. M., Buckley, K.E., & Eghball, B. (2006). The Role of
Composting in Recycling Manura Nutrients. Canadian Journal of Soild Science,
Volume 8, Issue 4, pp 597-611. Retrieved February 6. 2018, form
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.4141/S05-116#.Wnp06kiWbIU/

17