AUTUMN BREAK HOLIDAY HOMEWORK
CLASS: XII ( SCIENCE)
SUBJECT:BIOLOGY
CHAPTER – 11: BIOTECHNOLOGY: PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
One Mark Questions:
1 . Name the substance used as a medium in Gel electrophoresis.
2. What is Bioconversion?
3. Name the bacterium that yields thermo-stable DNA polymerase.
4. Which enzymes are known as “molecular Scissors”?
5. Why does DNA moves towards anode in gel electrophoresis.
6. Name the commonly used vector for transformation in plant cell?
7. Name the technique used for amplification of DNA?
8. Name the enzyme responsible for removal of 5–phosphate group from
nucleic acid ?
9. Who isolated Restriction enzymes for the first time?
10. Why do eukaryotic cells do not contain restriction enzymes?
Two Mark Questions:
1 . Write any two properties of restriction endonuclease enzymes?
2. What is ‘Selectable marker’? What is their use in genetic engineering?
3. How can the desired product formed after genetic engineering be produced on
a commercial scale?
4. What is “Insertional Inactivation”?
5. What are the two basic techniques involved in modern Biotechnology?
6. Represent diagrammatically theE. coli.along Cloningvector bPBR322.
7. Differentiate between plasmid DNA and chromosomal DNA?
8. What is the role of enzyme “Ligase” in genetic Engineering?
9. Name the components a bioreactor must possess to achieve the desired
product?
10. What is Bioreactor? What are the advantages of Stirred tank Bioreactor over
Shake flask? Show diagrammatically a simple Stirred tank Bioreactor?
Three Mark Questions:
1 . Mention the important properties which a good vector must possess?
2. Describe any three vectors less method of introducing the r-DNA into a
competent host cell ?
3. List the steps involved in r-DNA technology.
4. Why are molecular scissors so called? Write their use in biotechnology.
5. Write the convention used for naming the restriction enzymes.
6. Why are genes encoding resistance to antibiotics considered useful selectable
markers forE. colicloning vector? Explain with thehelp of one example.
7. Why Agrobacterium is mediated genetic transformation described as Natural
Genetic engineering in plants?
8. PCR is a useful tool for early diagnosis of an infectious disease. Comment.
9. Write the use of the following in biotechnology:
(a) Chilled alcohol (b) Microinjection (c) Bioreactor (d) plasmid
10. Mention the important tools required for genetic engineering technology?
Five Mark Questions:
1 . What are Restriction enzymes? Why do bacteria have these restriction
enzymes? Show diagrammatically a restriction enzyme its recognition & the
product it produces?
2. What is cloning vector? Explain the technique of using such a vector in
E.coli.
3. Expand PCR. Describe the different Steps involved in this technique?
4. Describe the various steps involved in Recombinant DNA technology with
the help of a well labelled diagram.
5. If a desired gene is identified in an organism for some experiments then
explain the process of the following :
(a) Cutting this desired gene at specific location (b) Synthesis of multiple copies
of this desired gene.
CHAPTER – 12: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITSAPPLICATION
ne Mark Questions:
O
1. Name the genetically engineered human Insulin?
2. Write the Scientific name of nematode that attacks the root of tobacco plant?
3. Define a patent.
4 . Expand GEAC.
5. Name the first transgenic cow?
6. Which vaccine was being tested on mice?
7. Name the bacterium which is used to produce insect-resistant plants by
genetic engineering.
8. Name any disease against which vaccine is developed laid Recombinant
DNA technology.
9. Name the technique which is used to detect HIV in Suspected AIDS patient?
10. Name any two diseases for which transgenic mice are used as model
organisms. What is the difference between ‘Cry’ & ‘cry’?
11. Name any one disease for which gene therapy has been proved effective?
Two Mark Questions:
1 . What is Golden rice? What is its advantage?
2. What are the three critical research areas in the field of Biotechnology?
3. What are the advantages of molecular diagnostics over conventional
methods?
4. What are genetically modified organisms? Nametwofactorsonwhichtheir
behaviour depends?
5. What do you mean by “Bio piracy” Give an example.
6. What are transgenic Bacteria? Illustrate using any one example.
7. Give any two examplesofproducts.Howtransgenicanimalscanbeusedto
produce biological compounds?
8. How is autoradiography used to detect a mutated gene?
9. Why does bacterial toxin not kill the bacteria but only the insects?
10. Mention any four applications of Biotechnology in the field of Agriculture?
Three Mark Questions:
1 . Describe with example, why transgenic animals are produced?
2. Describe how nematode–resistant transgenic plants have been obtained?
3. What are Cry proteins? Name an organism that produces it. How has man
exploited this protein to his benefit?
4. Write an account on the production of human insulin in transgenic organisms.
5 . Compare & contrast the advantages & disadvantage of production of
genetically modified organisms?
6.HowisPCRusedtodetectgenemutationincaseofsuspectedcancerpatient?
Bt-cotton is resistancetopestsuchaslepidopteran,dipteransandcoleopterans.
Is Bt-cotton resistant to other pest as well?
7. What is RNA Silencing? How is this strategy used to create pest–resistant
plants?
8. What are the steps involved in synthesis of genetically engineered insulin.
Five Mark Questions:
1 . What is Gene therapy? Illustrate using example of Adenosine deaminase
deficiency?
2. Explain the different uses of biotechnology in medical field.
3.Diagrammaticallyrepresenttheexperimentalstepsincloningandexpressing
a human gene into bacterium likeE.coli?
4.Whatisbiopiracy?StatetheinitiativetakenbytheIndianparliamenttowards
it.
5.HowdidtheprocessofRNAinterferencehelptocontrolthenematodefrom
infecting root of tobacco plants? Explain.
ALL THE BEST
