®

Mandarin Chinese 1

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 Mandarin Chinese 1

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 Mandarin Chinese 1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Voices
Audio Program
English-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . Ray Brown
Mandarin-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . Zhijie Jia
Female Mandarin Speaker . . . . . . . . Mei Ling Diep
Male Mandarin Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . Yaohua Shi
Reading Lessons
English-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . . Ray Brown
Mandarin-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . . . Jay Jiang

Audio Program Course Writers

Mei Ling Diep  Christopher J. Gainty

Reading Lesson Writers

Xinxing Yang  Elizabeth Horber

Editors
Kimiko Ise Abramoff  Beverly D. Heinle

Reviewer
Yaohua Shi

Producer & Director

Sarah H. McInnis

Recording Engineers
Peter S. Turpin  Kelly Saux
Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA

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 Mandarin Chinese 1
Table of Contents

Introduction
Mandarin............................................................... 1
Pictographs......................................................... 2
Traditional and Simplified Script........................ 3
Pinyin Transliteration.......................................... 3
Readings ............................................................. 4
Tonality................................................................ 5
Tone Change or Tone Sandhi............................. 8
Pinyin Pronunciation Chart................................. 10

Lesson One................................................................ 15
Translations............................................................... 16
Lesson Two ................................................................ 17
Translations............................................................... 18
Lesson Three............................................................. 19
Translations .............................................................. 20
Lesson Four............................................................... 21
Translations .............................................................. 22
Lesson Five................................................................ 23
Translations............................................................... 24
Lesson Six.................................................................. 25
Translations .............................................................. 26
Lesson Seven............................................................. 27
Translations .............................................................. 28
Lesson Eight.............................................................. 29
Translations .............................................................. 30
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Lesson Nine............................................................... 31
Translations............................................................... 32
Lesson Ten................................................................. 33
Translations............................................................... 34
Lesson Eleven ........................................................... 35
Translations............................................................... 36
Lesson Twelve .......................................................... 37
Translations .............................................................. 38
Lesson Thirteen......................................................... 39
Translations .............................................................. 40
Lesson Fourteen........................................................ 41
Translations .............................................................. 42
Lesson Fifteen........................................................... 43
Translations .............................................................. 44
Lesson Sixteen ......................................................... 45
Translations............................................................... 46
Lesson Seventeen .................................................... 47
Translations .............................................................. 48
Lesson Eighteen ....................................................... 49
Translations .............................................................. 50
Lesson Nineteen ...................................................... 51
Translations .............................................................. 52
Lesson Twenty ......................................................... 53
Translations............................................................... 54

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 Mandarin Chinese 1

To learn a language is to have one more window

from which to look at the world.
Chinese proverb

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 Mandarin Chinese 1
Mandarin

Mandarin Chinese, also known as Standard

Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, is the sole
official language of China and Taiwan, and one of the
four official languages of Singapore. Although there
are eight major Chinese dialects, Mandarin is native to
approximately 70% of the population. Chinese who
are educated through at least the primary grades
speak Mandarin as well as the local dialects. However,
due to the size of China and the ethnic diversity of
its inhabitants, hundreds of other dialects are spoken
in different areas. The dialects spoken today are
based more on geography than on ethnicity. For
instance, residents of Shanghai will speak Wu, and
in some parts of China, particularly the central and
southern areas, official business is transacted in the
locally dominant language. Although people from
different parts of China generally do not understand
one another’s spoken language, they all use Mandarin
characters (hanzi) for writing.

Today’s Mandarin is closely based on “northern

speech” which was the lingua franca of the ruling
class, spoken in Beijing, the capital during the Ming
and Qing Dynasties. After the Nationalists overthrew
the Qing Dynasty in 1912, government officials at
first considered creating a new “national language”
by adopting a mixture of dialects, but in the end it
was decided to retain Mandarin as the “National
Language.” The Communists, who defeated the
 Mandarin Chinese 1

Nationalists in 1949, continued this policy, but they

changed the name and coined the term pu tong
hua, or “common speech,” for “Mandarin.” This is
the word for Mandarin used throughout mainland
China. In Hong Kong, however, as in Taiwan and
most overseas communities, guo yu, the older term,
continues to be used.

Pronunciation of the national language differs

slightly geographically, and there are some significant
regional vocabulary differences. The Nationalists,
whose capital was the southern city of Nanjing, were
influenced by southern dialects, primarily Cantonese.
The Communists, whose capital is Beijing, were
influenced by “northern speech.”

Pictographs

It is commonly thought that every Chinese

character is a picture, or “pictograph,” but only a
few hundred of the several thousand characters are
true pictographs. However, most of these are now
written in such a way that it is difficult to immediately
guess their meaning. There is also a very small group
of characters called ideographs or ideograms, which
represent ideas or objects directly. All other Chinese
characters are combinations of these pictographs
and basic ideographs.

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 Mandarin Chinese 1
Traditional and Simplified Script

In 1949 China’s new government considered

instituting an alphabet in place of the traditional
characters, as a refutation of traditional or “feudal”
culture. Instead, they decided to simplify the
existing characters by reducing the number of
strokes necessary to create them. By 1964, a list of
2,200 simplified characters was created for use as
a modified script. Further simplification was briefly
adopted, then abandoned, at the end of the Cultural
Revolution in 1977.

Presently, simplified characters are used in

mainland China and Singapore, although there
is a movement for the restoration of traditional
characters, especially in southern China. Hong Kong,
Taiwan, and many overseas Chinese communities
continue to use the traditional characters.

Pinyin Transliteration

In this Introductory Reading Program you will

learn to read Hanyu Pinyin – pinyin for short. It’s
the official phonetic system for transcribing pro-
nunciations of the Chinese characters into a Latin
alphabet, and will give you a way to “read” an
approximation of the sounds in written form. In
China it’s often used in elementary schools as a
first step toward learning to read. It is also used

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 Mandarin Chinese 1

to alphabetically order dictionary entries, and it is

used for entering Chinese text into computers as
well as communicating via email and text messag-
ing. In many large cities, street signs are often dis-
played in both Chinese characters and pinyin to aid
foreign visitors.

Readings

There are twenty Reading Lessons in all.

Although the pinyin alphabet may appear similar
to the Latin alphabet, the sounds of some letters in
pinyin are quite different. You will learn to sound
out the pinyin starting with individual letters, then
letter combinations, words, then word combinations
and short phrases, building in length until you
will be sounding out complete sentences. Keep
in mind that learning to read pinyin is not the
same as learning to read the hanzi. These lessons
are designed to give you an easy way to “read”
the Chinese sounds, and the Simplified Chinese
characters are displayed as well.

Feel free to repeat each Reading Lesson until

you feel comfortable proceeding to the next. With
a little effort, you will be astonished at how quickly
you are able to sound out the Mandarin words. A
pronunciation chart is included which is for reference

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only, however, as all the information you need to do

the readings is contained in the audio.

Although translations are included, the meanings

at this point are secondary, and we recommend
that you look at them only after first attempting to
sound out the phrases with Mandarin pronunciation.
Each item has been selected especially to give you
practice in the tones, the sounds, and the sound
combinations. You should read aloud, as directed,
which will help to lodge the sounds in your memory.
Before long you will be reading pinyin aloud without
an American accent.

Tonality

Chinese is a tonal language. This means that in

addition to the sounds of the consonants and vowels,
the tone with which a syllable is pronounced helps to
determine its meaning. The Chinese languages are
almost exclusively made up of one-syllable words,
composed of an initial consonant sound followed by
the syllable’s main vowel, sometimes in combination
with another consonant or vowel. Longer words do
exist, but almost all are compound words, formed by
combining one-syllable words.

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The tone is determined by the pronunciation

of the syllable’s main vowel. Each tone has a name
which describes the motion of the sound: falling,
rising, or even. With the tones, several meanings can
be assigned to any one syllable. For example, when
pronounced using a falling-rising tone, the word nar
means “where.” However, when pronounced with
just a falling tone, it means “there.”

There are four main tones used in speaking

Mandarin - high, rising, falling-rising, falling - and
a fifth, referred to as a soft or neutral tone. This last
tone is used for the second syllable in a set of doubled
characters, as well as for the final syllable (or question
word) at the end of a query. This neutral tone doesn't
have a marker. For example, in the questions, ni ne?
(How about you?) and hao ma? (OK?), the syllables ne
and ma are pronounced using this soft, falling sound,
as if the sound is fading away. Here is an example of
one word with different meanings depending on the
tone with which it is pronounced:

• 1st tone: high shī (poem)
• 2nd tone: rising shí (ten or time)
• 3rd tone: falling-rising shĭ (history)
• 4th tone: falling shì (to be)

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 Mandarin Chinese 1

There are tonal markers to indicate the tones of

the vowels. In these lessons, we will include them
for the four tones above the vowels they affect. Pay
close attention to t​he markers because they can
change the meaning of a word completely. It may
take a while before you hear the differences, and
we encourage you to repeat each lesson as often as
necessary, in order to both familiarize yourself with
the Mandarin sounds represented by the letters and
to practice the tones.

All tonal markers are placed above the single

vowels (a, o, e, i, u, ü). The chart that follows uses the
vowel “a” as an example.

Tone # English Name Marker

shown with “a”
1. High-level tone - Starts with
normal vocal range of the ā
speaker and stays even.
2. Rising tone - Starts at
normal vocal range, then á
rises up.
3. Falling-rising tone - Starts
at normal vocal range, then ǎ
falls down and rises up.
4. Falling tone - Starts at
normal vocal range, then à
falls down.

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In Mandarin the absence of a tonal marker above a

vowel, as in "a," indicates a neutral tone. This neutral
tone starts with a slightly soft sound and is shorter
than the sounds of the tones listed above.

Tone Change or Tone Sandhi

Although each Chinese syllable standing alone

has a specific tone, in the flow of speech the tone of
a syllable can change depending on the tone of the
following syllable. In some Chinese dialects, tone
change is common, and there are complex rules
governing it. In contemporary Mandarin, however,
it is less common than in other dialects, and there
are only a few rules to remember. The first governs
falling-rising or 3rd tones when they are spoken in
sequence:

1. When two falling-rising or 3rd tones occur

together, the first falling-rising tone becomes
a rising, or 2nd tone. The second remains a
falling-rising or 3rd tone. For example, “very”
and “good” are both falling-rising, 3rd tones
by themselves, but when spoken together as
hen hao, the first word changes to a rising or
2nd tone, while the second keeps its original
falling-rising, 3rd tone.

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 Mandarin Chinese 1

2. When three falling-rising tones are spoken one

after the other, the first two become rising or
2nd tones, while the third remains a falling-
rising tone.
3. When four falling-rising tones occur one after
the other, the first three change to rising or 2nd
tones, while the fourth remains a falling-rising
or 3rd tone.
In contemporary Mandarin, tone change is also
associated with two specific characters. The first of
these is yi (one).
1. When it is by itself or at the end of a word it is a
high level or 1st tone.
2. When yi comes before a falling or 4th tone, it
changes to a rising or 2nd tone, for example, yi
(2nd) yue (4th ) (“one month”).
3. When yi comes before any of the three
remaining tones (high, rising, or falling-rising), it
changes to a falling or 4th tone.
The second character associated with tone
change in contemporary Mandarin is bu (means “no”
or “not”).

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 Mandarin Chinese 1

When bu stands alone, it is a falling or 4th tone.

4. It changes to a rising or 2nd tone only when it
comes before another falling or 4th tone.
5. When combined with the 2nd and 3rd tones, bu
remains a falling tone.

The various tone changes occur in speech only. In

writing, the original tone is retained. In time, these
changes will become automatic and natural.

Pinyin Pronunciation Chart

(where no sound is indicated, the sound matches English)

Letter Sound
a “a” in “father”
b
c “ts” in “boots”
ch “ch” in “church”
d
e “ir” in “girl”
f
g “g” in “go”
h

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 Mandarin Chinese 1
Letter Sound
i “ee” as in “feet” but after “r” sounds like
the “ir” in “shirt”
j
k
l
m
n
o “o” in “no”
p
q “ch” in “cheese”
r “r” as in “war” or “run” (before an “i” it
sounds somewhere between an “r” and “j”
or the “s” in “leisure”)
s “s” as in “seed”
sh “sh” as in “shine”
t
u “oo” as in “boot”
ü similar to the “u” sound in “you”
x the sound in between “s” and “sh”
w
y “y” as in “yes”
z “ds” as in “lads”
zh “j” as in “jam”

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Letter Sound Combinations
ai “eye”
ei “ay” in “say”
ao “ow” in “how”
ou “o” in “dough”
ia “ee-ya”
ie “ee-yeah”
iu “ee-oo”
ua “wa” like the end of “aqua”
uo “wo” in “won’t”
üe “u” in “you” followed by the sound “e” - "ee"
iao like “meow”
iou (iu) “eew”
uai “why”
uei (ui) “way”
an “un” in “until”
en “en” in “hen”
in “een” in “seen”
ün “une” in “tune”
ang “ong” in “song”
eng “ung” in “sung”
ing “ing” in “sing”
ong like “long,” except with the “o” pronounced
“oh”

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Letter Sound Combinations
ian “yan”
uan “wan”
uen similar to “one”
(un)
üan “u” in “you” plus “an”
iang “young”
iong “yong,” with the “o” pronounced “oh”
uang “wong”
ueng like “wor” in “work,” plus an “ng” at the end
er sounds like “are,” but is usually linked to
the previous word to form an “er” sound

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Lesson One

1. ā 阿
2. bā 八
3. pā 趴
4. ó 哦
5. pó 婆
6. à 啊
7. bà 爸
8. āo 熬
9. bāo 包
10. áo 熬
11. páo 袍
12. bō 波
13. pō 坡
14. bá 拔
15. bà ba 爸爸
16. pó po 婆婆
17. pá pō 爬坡
18. bāo bāo 包包
19. bǎo bao 宝宝
20. pǎo pao 跑跑
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Lesson One Translations

1. a sound of surprise, “Oh!”

2. the number eight
3. to lie on one’s stomach
4. a sound of doubt or surprise, “Oh?”
5. mother-in-law / old woman
6. a sound of agreement, “Ah, ok.”
7. dad
8. to boil
9. a bag
10. to cook on a slow fire
11. a traditional Chinese outfit
12. wave
13. hill
14. to pull up
15. daddy
16. a woman's mother-in-law / grandma
17. climb a hill
18. cute purse
19. baby
20. running
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Lesson Two

1. mō 摸
2. fó 佛
3. fǎ 法
4. mā ma 妈妈
5. ēi 欸
6. bēi 杯
7. fēi 飞
8. méi 没
9. bēi bāo 背包
10. ī (no Chinese character)

11. pí pá 琵琶
12. mǐ 米
13. péi 陪
14. piào 漂
15. māo 猫
16. māo pá pō. 猫爬坡。
17. fēi biāo 飞镖
18. mā ma fā bāo. 妈妈发包。
19. péi pei 陪陪
20. péi pei bà ba mā ma. 陪陪爸爸妈妈。

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Lesson Two Translations

1. to touch
2. Buddha
3. law
4. mother
5. hey
6. cup
7. to fly
8. not
9. backpack
10. letter “i”
11. pipa (Chinese lute)
12. rice
13. to keep company
14. handsome, beautiful
15. cat
16. The cat climbs a hill.
17. darts
18. Mama hands out bags.
19. to accompany
20. Keep dad and mom company.

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Lesson Three

1. táo 陶
2. dà 大
3. dà mǐ 大米
4. ū (no Chinese character)
5. dù 肚
6. mù 木
7. fú 扶
8. tú 图
9. dài 带
10. ná lái ba. 拿来吧。
11. nǎi nai 奶奶
12. mù bǎn 木板
13. tài tǔ 太土
14. é 鹅
15. dé 得
16. tè 特
17. tè dà 特大
18. nà me 那么
19. dà mǐ tè bái. 大米特白。
20. nǎi nai tán pí pá. 奶奶弹琵琶。

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Lesson Three Translations

1. pottery
2. big
3. white rice
4. letter “u”
5. stomach
6. wood
7. to support
8. picture, drawing
9. belt
10. Bring it here.
11. nanna (endearing term for grandmother)
12. wooden board
13. too unsophisticated
14. goose
15. get / obtain
16. special
17. especially big
18. so
19. Rice is especially white.
20. Grandma plays the pipa.
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Lesson Four

1. ān 安
2. dǎ léi 打雷
3. ǚ (no Chinese character)
4. nǚ 女
5. nǚ / tǔ 女/土
6. nán nü 男女
7. lǚ 侣
8. bàn lǚ 伴侣
9. péi běn le. 赔本了。
10. tā lè le. 他乐了。
11. nǐ hǎo ma? 你好吗？
12. lǐ mào 礼貌
13. tài nán le! 太难了！
14. lāo miàn 捞面
15. nǐ lái la! 你来啦！
16. liú 留
17. diū 丢
18. pí bāo diū le. 皮包丢了。
19. dì di pǎo lái le. 弟弟跑来了。
20. bā ba mā ma ài nǐ. 爸爸妈妈爱你。

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Lesson Four Translations

1. peaceful
2. thunder
3. letter “ü”
4. woman
5. woman / soil
6. males and females
7. companion
8. partner
9. sustain losses / lose money
10. He’s happy.
11. How are you doing?
12. manners
13. It’s too difficult!
14. noodles
15. You’re here!
16. to stay
17. to lose
18. (I) lost (my) handbag.
19. Little brother ran over it.
20. Mom and Dad love you.
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Lesson Five

1. gē 哥
2. kè 课
3. kěn 啃
4. áng 昂
5. gāng 钢
6. kēng 坑
7. dǐng 顶
8. gèng 更
9. bǐng 饼
10. lào bǐng 烙饼
11. tài bàng le! 太棒了！
12. kè táng 课堂
13. tài píng 太平
14. dēng pào 灯泡
15. mèi mei 妹妹
16. gē ge bāng máng. 哥哥帮忙。
17. kěn lào bǐng 啃烙饼
18. guō 锅
19. luó bo 萝卜
20. luó bo tè bié dā. 萝卜特别大。

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Lesson Five Translations

1. older brother
2. class
3. to gnaw
4. to lift
5. steel
6. pit / hole
7. top
8. more
9. cake
10. pancake
11. Awesome!
12. classroom
13. peace
14. light bulb
15. younger sister
16. The older brother is helping.
17. to eat a pancake
18. pot
19. radish
20. The radish is very big.
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Lesson Six

1. hē 喝
2. hǎo 好
3. nǐn hǎo! 您好!
4. hē tāng 喝汤
5. jī 机
6. jǐ gè 几个
7. lǐ jiě 理解
8. jiě jie 姐姐
9. huá 华
10. jì huà 计划
11. jì lǚ 纪律
12. mǎ hu 马虎
13. dà jiā hǎo! 大家好！
14. hé jiā huān 合家欢
15. jīn tiān 今天
16. jiě jie guǎn dì di. 姐姐管弟弟。
17. pí bāo hěn hǎo kàn. 皮包很好看。
18. nǐ hěn néng gàn. 你很能干。
19. tā āi jī jiàn. 她爱击剑。
20. bā ba tài bàng le! 爸爸太棒了！

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Lesson Six Translations

1. to drink
2. good
3. Hello! (polite)
4. to drink soup
5. machine
6. a few
7. to understand
8. older sister
9. magnificent
10. plan
11. discipline
12. careless
13. Hello everyone!
14. happy family
15. today
16. Older sister is taking care of younger brother.
17. The handbag looks very nice.
18. You are very capable.
19. She loves fencing.
20. Dad’s great!

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Lesson Seven

1. dì di hěn bàng! 弟弟很棒!

2. qī 七
3. qǐ 起
4. qǐ lái 起来
5. xí 习
6. xīn 新
7. xià 下
8. xī guā 西瓜
9. dàn gāo 蛋糕
10. qù 去
11. qián 钱
12. péi qián 赔钱
13. lǚ xíng 旅行
14. jiān qiáng 坚强
15. fú qi 福气
16. xià kè le. 下课了。
17. qiē dàn gāo 切蛋糕
18. tāng tài xī le. 汤太稀了。
19. tā qù běi jīng le. 他去北京了。
20. jiě jie qiē le dàn gāo. 姐姐切了蛋糕。

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Lesson Seven Translations

1. The younger brother’s great!

2. seven
3. to rise
4. get up
5. habit
6. new
7. down
8. watermelon
9. cake
10. to go
11. money
12. to lose money
13. to travel
14. strong
15. lucky
16. Class is over.
17. to cut a cake
18. The soup is too thin.
19. He went to Beijing.
20. The older sister cuts the cake.

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Lesson Eight

1. zǔ guó 祖国
2. zài nǎ li? 在哪里？
3. zì 自
4. zì jǐ 自己
5. zū fáng zi 租房子
6. cí 瓷
7. cí qì 瓷器
8. zuò cāo 做操
9. cān jiā 参加
10. sūn zi 孙子
11. gào sù 告诉
12. sī 丝
13. sī jīn 丝巾
14. zǐ xì 仔细
15. mā ma de sī jīn 妈妈的丝巾
16. zuò zǎo cāo 做早操
17. cān jiā zuò zǎo cāo 参加做早操
18. zā qǐ lái 扎起来
19. bǎ biàn zi zā qǐ lái 把辫子扎起来
20. qǐng nǐ gào sù tā. 请你告诉她。

29
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Eight Translations

1. homeland
2. Where is it?
3. self
4. oneself
5. rent a house
6. porcelain (clay)
7. porcelain (container)
8. to do exercises
9. to participate
10. grandson
11. to tell
12. silk
13. silk scarf
14. very careful
15. Mom’s silk scarf
16. to do morning exercises
17. to participate in morning exercises
18. to tie up
19. braids tied up
20. Please tell her.

30
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Nine

1. chéng jì 成绩
2. zhǎng dà 长大
3. zhōng guó 中国
4. zhī 知
5. zhī dào 知道
6. chī fàn 吃饭
7. shuì jiào 睡觉
8. shuǐ jiǎo 水饺
9. zāi shù 栽树
10. shì qing 事情
11. nǐ zhī dào le ma? 你知道了吗？
12. nǐ chī fàn le ma? 你吃饭了吗？
13. jǐ diǎn zhōng? 几点钟？
14. xiān sheng 先生
15. xiān sheng shēng bìng le. 先生生病了。
16. bú shì tài guì 不是太贵
17. xī guā hěn hǎo chī. 西瓜很好吃。
18. sī jīn zhēn hǎo kàn. 丝巾真好看。
19. xiǎo māo zhēn kě ài. 小猫真可爱。
20. xiǎo dì di zhǎng gāo le. 小弟弟长高了。

31
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Nine Translations

1. achievement, grades
2. to grow up
3. China
4. to know
5. known
6. to eat (in general)
7. to go to bed / to sleep
8. dumplings
9. to plant a tree
10. affair, thing
11. Do you know?
12. Did you eat yet?
13. What time is it?
14. Mr. or Mister
15. The man is sick.
16. not too expensive
17. Watermelon tastes very good.
18. Scarves (are) really nice.
19. The little cat is very cute.
20. The little boy grew very tall.

32
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Ten

1. xī ān 西安
2. nóng cūn 农村
3. gōng fu 功夫
4. rù 入
5. chū rù 出入
6. rú guǒ 如果
7. ruì 瑞
8. nèi róng 内容
9. rì 日
10. rì zi 日子
11. shēng rì 生日
12. rén mín bì 人民币
13. rén shān rén hǎi 人山人海
14. ěr duo 耳朵
15. èr shì sān 二十三
16. qián tú 前途
17. xī ān shì gǔ dū. 西安是古都。
18. chū rù píng ān 出入平安
19. zūn zhòng lǎo rén. 尊重老人。
20. shuí shì nǐ mā ma? 谁是你妈妈？

33
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Ten Translations

1. Xi’an (the capital of Shaanxi province)

2. countryside
3. kung fu
4. to enter
5. to leave and come back
6. if
7. lucky
8. content
9. sun
10. day
11. birthday
12. Chinese currency
13. a huge crowd
14. ear
15. twenty-three
16. prospects, future outlook
17. Xi’an is an ancient capital.
18. peace wherever you go
19. Respect your elders.
20. Who is your mother?

34
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Eleven

1. wú xī 无锡
2. wú liàng 无量
3. wǒ de 我的
4. wáng 王
5. wén zhāng 文章
6. wǔ shù 武术
7. tiào wǔ 跳舞
8. dǎ suàn 打算
9. dà wáng 大王
10. shuài jí le 帅极了
11. wǒ shì měi guó rén. 我是美国人。
12. kuài pǎo 快跑
13. wo de biàn zi 我的辫子
14. nǚ hái tiào wǔ 女孩跳舞
15. nán hái xǐ huan wǔ shù. 男孩喜欢武术。
16. sūn wù kōng shì dà wáng. 孙悟空是大王。
17. nǐ dǎ suàn zěn me zuò? 你打算怎么做？
18. xiǎo māo hěn hǎo wánr. 小猫很好玩儿。
19. nǐ de wén zhāng xiě de hǎo. 你的文章写得好。
20. wǒ ài wǒ de zǔ guó. 我爱我的祖国。

35
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Eleven Translations

1. Wuxi (a city in Jiangsu province)

2. immeasurable
3. mine
4. family name / king
5. article
6. martial arts
7. dance
8. intend / plan
9. a powerful king
10. very handsome
11. I am American.
12. run
13. my braid
14. girl dancing
15. Boys like martial arts.
16. The Monkey King is the king.
17. What do you plan to do?
18. The little cat is fun to play with.
19. Your article is very well written.
20. I love my homeland.

36
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Twelve

1. huī 灰
2. wēi lì 威力
3. wěi dà 伟大
4. méi gui 玫瑰
5. zhuī 追
6. tài guì le 太贵了
7. chī kuī le 吃亏了
8. kāi huì 开会
9. chuī fēng 吹风
10. wèi le 为了
11. wēi xiào 微笑
12. guǐ dào 轨道
13. guī lái 归来
14. pái duì 排队
15. xiǎo tuǐ 小腿
16. wǒ huí lái la! 我回来啦！
17. wéi hù 维护
18. zhè tiáo sī jīn 这条丝巾
19. zhè tiáo sī jīn tài guì le! 这条丝巾太贵了！
20. xiàn zài wǒ men kāi huì. 现在我们开会。

37
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Twelve Translations

1. ash
2. power
3. great (exceptional)
4. rose
5. to chase
6. too expensive
7. lost
8. a meeting
9. wind blowing
10. in order to
11. slight smile
12. railway line
13. to come back
14. to wait in line / line up
15. lower leg, calf
16. I’m back!
17. to defend, to protect
18. this silk scarf
19. This silk scarf is too expensive!
20. We will start the meeting now.

38
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Thirteen

1. duō 多
2. dōu 都
3. tóu 头
4. tóu qiú 投球
5. zhōu qī 周期
6. sī chóu 丝绸
7. luò tuo 骆驼
8. qí luò tuo 骑骆驼
9. bāo kuò 包括
10. huā duǒ 花朵
11. gāo lóu 高楼
12. gāo lóu dà shà 高楼大厦
13. bō luó 菠萝
14. shuǐ guǒ 水果
15. fù mǔ dōu hǎo. 父母都好。
16. duó dé jīn pái 夺得金牌
17. bō luó shì shuǐ guǒ. 菠萝是水果。
18. wǒ xǐ huan chī píng guǒ. 我喜欢吃苹果。
19. sī jīn shì sī chóu zuò de. 丝巾是丝绸做的。
20. dà jiā dōu lái le ma? 大家都来了吗？

39
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Thirteen Translations

1. many
2. all
3. head
4. to throw a ball
5. period, cycle
6. silk
7. camel
8. to ride a camel
9. include
10. flower
11. high building
12. high-rise buildings
13. pineapple
14. fruit(s)
15. My parents are fine.
16. to win a gold medal
17. Pineapples are fruit.
18. I like to eat apples.
19. Silk scarves are made from silk cloth.
20. Is everyone here?

40
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Fourteen

1. wēn shuǐ 温水
2. huáng hé 黄河
3. huáng sè de píng guǒ 黄色的苹果
4. shuāng 双
5. zhuāng 庄
6. cūn zhuāng 村庄
7. wāng yáng dà hǎi 汪洋大海
8. jué dìng 决定
9. chuāng hù 窗户
10. lǎo wēng 老翁
11. wǎng luò 网络
12. shuāng shǒu 双手
13. guǎng chǎng 广场
14. wǒ kùn le. 我睏了。
15. qíng kuàng 情况
16. jīn huáng sè 金黄色
17. shàng wǎng chá xún 上网查询
18. huáng hé de shǔi hěn huáng. 黄河的水很黄。
19. shén me qíng kuàng? 什么情况?
20. tā jué dìng qù běi jīng. 她决定去北京。

41
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Fourteen Translations

1. warm water
2. the Yellow River
3. yellow apple
4. a pair
5. a manor or an upscale shop
6. a countryside village
7. a large sea
8. to decide
9. window
10. old man
11. internet
12. pair of hands
13. square / plaza
14. I’m sleepy.
15. situation
16. gold colored
17. to search online
18. The water in the Yellow River is very yellow.
19. What is happening?
20. She decided to go to Beijing.

42
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Fifteen

1. míng bai 明白
2. yī fu 衣服
3. yīn 阴
4. yīn tiān 阴天
5. yì shuāng xié 一双鞋
6. yìn 印
7. dǎ yìn 打印
8. yé ye 爷爷
9. yì bēi 一杯
10. yāo qiú 要求
11. yín háng 银行
12. yīng gāi 应该
13. yīn shuǐ 饮水
14. dà qiáo 大桥
15. dà tīng 大厅
16. dǎ tīng 打听
17. bō luó hěn yìng. 菠萝很硬。
18. yī fu shàng yìn le huā 衣服上印了花
19. yé ye ài nǎi nai. 爷爷爱奶奶。
20. xiàn shàng yì duǒ méi guì huā 献上一朵玫瑰花

43
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Fifteen Translations

1. to understand
2. clothes
3. cloudy
4. cloudy weather
5. a pair of shoes
6. to print (in general)
7. print / type
8. grandpa
9. a cup / glass
10. to request
11. bank
12. should / must
13. drinking water
14. big bridge
15. hall
16. to ask about
17. Pineapples are very hard.
18. floral-patterned clothes
19. Grandpa loves grandma.
20. give a rose

44
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Sixteen

1. yǒu 有
2. yòng 用
3. yǒu yòng 有用
4. yóu yǒng 游泳
5. péng you 朋友
6. liàng 亮
7. yǒng gǎn 勇敢
8. xióng 熊
9. běi jí xióng 北极熊
10. kào yòu biān 靠右边
11. cháng jiāng 长江
12. cháng jiāng dà qiáo 长江大桥
13. cài hěn xiāng. 菜很香。
14. tiān liàng le. 天亮了。
15. xiàng nán zǒu 向南走
16. wǒ jiā yǒu huā yuán. 我家有花园。
17. chūn tiān yòu kāi huā le. 春天又开花了。
18. nǐ yǒu shū bāo ma? 你有书包吗？
19. xué zhōng wén yǒu yòng. 学中文有用。
20. tā hé péng yǒu yì qǐ yóu yǒng. 他和朋友一起游泳。

45
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Sixteen Translations

1. to have
2. to use
3. useful
4. to swim
5. friend
6. bright
7. brave
8. bear
9. polar bear
10. keep right
11. the Yangtze River
12. Yangtze River Bridge
13. The food smells good.
14. It’s morning.
15. heading south
16. My house has a garden.
17. Spring is blooming again.
18. Do you have a backpack?
19. Learning Chinese is useful.
20. He is swimming with friends.

46
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Seventeen

1. chūn tiān 春天
2. yūe 约
3. yùe dú 阅读
4. yè zi 叶子
5. yuè liang 月亮
6. yú 鱼
7. dà yàn 大雁
8. yuàn yì 愿意
9. yě 也
10. yáo yuǎn 遥远
11. bái yún 白云
12. lán tiān bái yún 蓝天白云
13. yùe dú bào zhǐ 阅读报纸
14. wǒ yě qù. 我也去。
15. jīn wǎn yuè liang zhēn yuán. 今晚月亮真圆。
16. nín yuàn yì qù ma? 您愿意去吗？
17. yáo yuǎn de dōng fāng 遥远的东方
18. dà yàn fēi huí běi fāng. 大雁飞回北方。
19. yú zài shuǐ lǐ ... 鱼在水里 …
20. yóu lái yóu qù. 游来游去。

47
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Seventeen Translations

1. spring
2. to make an appointment
3. to read
4. leaf
5. the moon
6. fish
7. wild geese
8. to be willing
9. also
10. distant
11. white clouds
12. blue sky with white clouds
13. reading a newspaper
14. I’ll go too.
15. The moon is very round tonight.
16. Would you (polite) be willing to go?
17. the distant East
18. Wild geese fly back to the north.
19. Fish in the water …
20. are swimming.

48
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Eighteen

1. shàng hǎi 上海
2. guǎng zhōu 广州
3. cóng 从
4. cóng shàng hǎi dào 从上海到广州
guǎng zhōu
5. lǚ yóu 旅游
6. cháng chéng 长城
7. gù gōng 故宫
8. měi guó 美国
9. cóng měi guó dào 从美国到中国
zhōng guó
10. hěn yuǎn 很远
11. chéng fēi jī 乘飞机
12. shí jǐ gè xiǎo shí 十几个小时
13. jìu jīn shān 旧金山
14. nǐu yuē 纽约
15. luò shān jī 洛杉矶
16. huá shèng dùn 华盛顿
17. bō shì dùn 波士顿
18. hěn dà 很大
19. hěn piào liang 很漂亮
20. wǒ hěn xǐ huān nǐu yuē. 我很喜欢纽约。

49
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Eighteen Translations

1. Shanghai
2. Guangzhou (a city in Guandong province)
3. from
4. from Shanghai to Guangzhou
5. tourism, to travel
6. the Great Wall of China
7. the Forbidden City
8. America / United States
9. from the US to China
10. very far
11. to take an airplane
12. more than ten hours
13. San Francisco
14. New York
15. Los Angeles
16. Washington, D.C.
17. Boston
18. very big
19. very pretty
20. I really like New York.

50
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Nineteen

1. zǎo cān 早餐
2. wǔ cān 午餐
3. wǎn cān 晚餐
4. nǐ chī zǎo cān le ma? 你吃早餐了吗？
5. wǎn cān chī shén me? 晚餐吃什么？
6. wǎn cān yǒu yú hé shū cài. 晚餐有鱼和蔬菜。
7. yǐn liào 饮料
8. yào hē yǐn liào ma? 要喝饮料吗？
9. chá 茶
10. lǚ chá 绿茶
11. lóng jǐng chá 龙井茶
12. kā fēi 咖啡
13. jiā nǎi de kā fēi 加奶的咖啡
14. sù róng kā fēi 速溶咖啡
15. jiǎo zi 饺子
16. mǐ fàn 米饭
17. qīng cài 青菜
18. ròu 肉
19. niú ròu 牛肉
20. zhū ròu 猪肉

51
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Nineteen Translations

1. breakfast
2. lunch
3. dinner
4. Have you had breakfast yet?
5. What are we eating for dinner?
6. We have fish and vegetables for dinner.
7. beverage
8. Would you like something to drink?
9. tea
10. green tea
11. Longjing tea
12. coffee
13. coffee with milk
14. instant coffee
15. dumplings
16. cooked rice
17. vegetables
18. meat
19. beef
20. pork

52
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Twenty

1. dào běi jīng lǚ yóu 到北京旅游

2. cān guǎn 餐馆
3. nǎ jiā cān guǎn hǎo chī? 哪家餐馆好吃？
4. yí dìng 一定
5. yào qù 要去
6. kǎo yā diàn 烤鸭店
7. quán jù dé 全聚德
8. quán jù dé kǎo yā diàn 全聚德烤鸭店
9. zhōng cān guǎn 中餐馆
10. xī cān tīng 西餐厅
11. měi guó de dà chéng shì 美国的大城市
12. yǒu zhōng guó chéng 有中国城
13. yǒu xǔ duō zhōng cān guǎn. 有许多中餐馆。
14. wǒ xǐ huan zhōng cān. 我喜欢中餐。
15. wǒ yé xǐ huan xī cān. 我也喜欢西餐。
16. nǐ xiǎng yào shén me yǐn liào? 你想要什么饮料？
17. wǒ xiǎng yào yì bēi chá. 我想要一杯茶。
18. nǐ xiǎng diǎn shén me cài? 你想点什么菜？
19. wǒ yào yì zhī kǎo yā. 我要一只烤鸭。
20. kǎo yā hěn hǎo chī. 烤鸭很好吃。

53
 Mandarin Chinese 1
Lesson Twenty Translations

1. touring Beijing
2. restaurant
3. Which restaurants are good?
4. must
5. to go
6. a restaurant that makes roast duck
7. Quanjude
8. Quanjude, a famous Chinese restaurant
9. Chinese restaurant
10. Western restaurant
11. major cities in the US
12. has a Chinatown
13. There are many Chinese restaurants.
14. I like Chinese food.
15. I also like Western-style food.
16. What would you like to drink?
17. I would like to order a cup of tea.
18. What do you want to order?
19. I want to order a roast duck.
20. Roast duck tastes very good.

54
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