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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS

Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Lesson Title: Criminal Justice System and Its Pillars Materials: Ballpen,
Paper,
Learning Targets: Notebook
At the end of the module, students will be able to: & SAS
1. Familiarize what criminal justice system is all about;
2. List the main components of Philippine Criminal Justice References: Abalde, F.A. and
System; Caño, G.J. (2019).
3. Identify the main components of United States Criminal Justice Introduction to Philippine
System; and Criminal Justice System. Rex
4. Explain each symbol of justice as represented by Lady Justice. Book Store Inc.

Salamanca B.H and Miguel

M.V (2019). Criminal Justice
System

A.LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW

Introduction (2 mins)
Good day everyone! How was your day! I hope you’re fine. Welcome to
the continuation of our topic last module; anyway, you just learned previously the
participation of the criminal and suspect in our justice system. You also learned
how law evolved from the older times up to the present. This time, you will be
learning about our Philippine Criminal Justice System and its concept. You will
also learn the different justice system from other countries as well the different
pillars.

B,MAIN LESSON

The Concepts of Criminal Justice System

Definitions of Criminal Justice System:

• The machinery which the society uses in the prevention and control of crimes.
• Criminal Justice System refers to the agencies responsible for enforcing criminal
laws, including legislatures, police courts, and corrections.
• It may also refer to the totality of the activities of the law enforcers, prosecutors,
judges, and corrections personnel, as well as those of the mobilized community in crime
prevention and control.

Criminal Justice System refers to the various sequential stages through which offender pass, from
initial contact with the law to final disposition, and the agencies charged with enforcing the law at each of
these stages

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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
The Criminal Justice System of the Philippines is composed of the following
components also known as the 5 Pillars of PCJS:

I. Law enforcement or Police

-known as the prime mover and front
liner of CJS.

II. Prosecution
-conduct inquest proceedings and
preliminary investigation to determine
probable cause.

III. Court
-conduct trial to determine the guilt or
innocence of an accused.

IV. Correction

-reforms and rehabilitates the criminal

offenders.

V. Community
-considered as the core of CJS and
molds the person from birth and
reintegrates offenders back to their
home.

Take note: The system how the components work is this: If a person committed a crime or violated
any law, a complaint will be filed against the person at the nearest police station which has
jurisdiction over the area. An investigation will then be conducted by the police, gather facts and
evidence about the case. If there is probable cause, the case will then be forwarded to the
prosecution. The prosecutor will determine whether the person arrested or suspected be in the sit
of the criminal justice process. The prosecutor determines whether the evidence gathered by the
police meets the standard of proof for successful prosecution and conviction. Once determined,
information will be filed by the prosecutor to the court. In court, trial will then be held to determine
the guilt or innocence of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.
If found guilty, the person will be transported to the prison institution to serve the sentence
of imprisonment. If found not guilty, it means that the person is acquitted with the crime
charged against him/her and has no criminal liability.

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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Justice – It is the principle of dealing with fairness and equality in the

application of law; the idea of giving a person his due as a matter of right.

Lady Justice originates from the personification of Justice in Ancient Roman

art known as Iustitia or Justitia, who is equivalent to the Greek goddess Dike.

Lady Justice is an allegorical personification of the moral force in judicial

systems.

Her attributes are a blindfold, scales, and a sword. She often appears as a pair with Prudentia.

System – A process; a coordinated body of method or organized

way of work.

Why Criminal Justice System is a System?

Criminal justice is important because it's a system that includes

law enforcement, courts, prisons, counseling services, and
a number of other organizations and agencies that people come
into contact with on a daily basis.

Due Process – A concept of law which hears before it condemns; which

proceeds upon inquiry and renders judgment after trial.

Skill Building Activity

Instructions: This is a self-assessment; you have to answer the question honestly.

After that check your answers against the Answer Key found at the end of this SAS.

See the pictures below and explain the different symbols of justice as represented by Lady
Justice. Limit your answer into 2 sentences.

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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

1. Blindfold-

Weighing Scale-
2.

3. Downward Sword-

Check for Understanding Score: over 10

Part I. Instructions: Below are the different concepts under the criminal justice system and its related
concepts; just encircle the letter of the best choice. (10 points)

1. If a person committed a crime and was proven guilty in the court of law then he is considered as a:
a. suspect c. accused
b. defendant d. criminal

2. It refers to a concept of law which hears before it condemns.

a. Justice c. Due process
b. System d. Criminal justice system

3. It refers to a principle of dealing with fairness in the application of law.

a. Justice c. Due process
b. System d. Criminal justice system

4. Which among the following conducts trial?

a. Law enforcement c. Court
b. Prosecution d. Corrections

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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

5. When a person was arrested and put into jail without trial then it is an example of violation of the
of law.
a. due process c. justice
b. criminal d. system

6. It is the machinery which the society uses in the prevention and control of crimes.
a. Criminal c. Due process
b. Justice d. Criminal justice system

7. The criminal justice process in the Philippines is in the following order: law enforcement, ,
court, corrections and community.
a. prosecutor c. fiscal
b. prosecution d. judge

8. Arrest of persons who violate the law is part of the function of what component of the criminal justice
system?
a. Law enforcement c. Prosecution
b. Court d. Community

9. If a person is found guilty of the crime charged on him/her, the component that would be responsible
for the service of his/her sentence is:
a. law enforcement c. corrections
b. court d. prosecution

10. A prisoner who has served his sentence of imprisonment will be released in the:
a. court c. law enforcement
b. community d. prosecution
Score: over 8

Part II. Instructions: Identify and enumerate the different components of Philippine Criminal Justice
System and United States Criminal Justice System. Write your answer on the space provided.

1.
PHILIPPINE
2.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM 3.

4.

5.

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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

1.
U.S
2.
CRIMINAL
3.
JUSTICE SYSTEM

Q3. Why is the goddess of justice blindfolded?

Answer: The statue of the woman of justice found in courthouses is a representation of Lady Justice.
The statue shows her holding the scales in the left hand, a sword in the right hand. She is blindfolded
with a black ribbon represents impartiality, the ideal that justice should be applied without regard to
wealth, power, or other status.

C. LESSON WRAP-UP
Thinking About Learning

A. Work Tracker You are done with this session! Let’s track your
progress. Shade the session number you just completed today and that is Day 4
under P1.

Answer Key

Rubrics on Skill Building Rate

Organization of thoughts 4
Grammar 3
Readability 2
Cleanliness 1
TOTAL= 10 points

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CRI 161: Intro. to Philippine CJS
Module #4 Student Activity Sheet

Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:

Suggested Answer on Check for Understanding Part 1

1. D 6. D
2. C 7. B
3. A 8. A
4. C 9. C
5. A 10. B
Suggested Answer on Check for Understanding Part 2

Components of Phil. Criminal Justice System Components of U.S Criminal Justice System

• Law Enforcement or Police • Law Enforcement or Police

• Prosecution • Court

• Court • Correction

• Correction

• Community

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