Hydraulic Oil

Khaled Gamal
+201067350704
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions
What makes oil too important ?
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Oil is the root cause of about 80% of failures
Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant
Click here !

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Click here !
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions Indicates the ability of a liquid to flow freely
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions Viscosity index (VI) : A fluid with a high VI will have a smaller
Additives change in viscosity with temperature compared with a low-VI fluid.
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions
Viscosity-temperature chart
Additives for HL, HLP, HLPD (VI 100)
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant (ISO) viscosity grade

Water contaminant (VG) number, which
Air contaminant defines a fluid’s
Cavitation & Aeration
approximate viscosity in
centistokes (cSt) at a
Fluid cleanliness
temperature of 40°C
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Commonly used hydraulic
Coolers & heaters fluids have a VG between
Tanks ISO VG15 (low viscosity)
Transmission lines and ISO VG100 (high
Recommendations viscosity).
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions Lower viscosity leads to more Internal Leakage in Hydraulic Elements
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

higher viscosity leads to higher piping loss
Tanks

Transmission lines 𝑳 𝒇 depends on Reynolds number

𝑷𝒍 = 𝒇 ∗ ∗ 𝟎. 𝟓 𝛒 𝒗𝟐
Recommendations 𝑫
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant
Flow
Water contaminant Leakage
Air contaminant resistance
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters Damping

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
1-Viscosity
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
2-Density
Classification
Properties
Functions The density is the mass per unit volume
Additives
The density of mineral hydraulic oils ranges from 850 to 900 kg/m3 .
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant The hydraulic losses in throttling elements and transmission lines are
Water contaminant dominated mainly by the inertia and friction losses.
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
2 ∆𝑃
𝑄 = 𝐶𝑑 𝐴
Recommendations
𝜌
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
3-Compressibility
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines Generally, the reduction of oil volume by 1% requires an increase

Recommendations of its pressure by 10 to 20 MPa.
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
3-Compressibility
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
4-Thermal expansion
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
5-Aging (oxidation) resistance or chemical stability
Classification
Properties
Functions ▪ Heat will accelerate the rate at which the fluid
Additives oxidises, which is often characterised by a
Oil contamination darkening of the fluid’s colour.
Solid contaminant ▪ As the fluid oxidises it becomes more acidic and
Water contaminant causes waxes and varnishes to form, which can
Air contaminant coat the surface of components or block up small
Cavitation & Aeration orifices and clearances.
Fluid cleanliness
▪ Maximum operating temp is 65 °C in general.
Filter types & location
▪ By the time fluid temperatures reach around 80°C
Monitoring oil condition
permanent damage to standard seals and hoses is
Coolers & heaters
likely to occur.
Tanks

Transmission lines
▪ A blowing main relief valve in a closed-loop
Recommendations
hydrostatic drive system, for example, could easily
Quiz
heat up the fluid by 20°C per minute or more.
 Hydraulic Oil
6-Demulsifying ability and water solubility
Classification
Properties
Functions Water not only causes corrosion (rust) of components and reduces the
Additives lubrication properties of the fluid but can also destroy the effectiveness of
Oil contamination the additives in a hydraulic fluid.
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
7-Air separation ability
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties 8-Material compatibility
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination 9-Filterability

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant 10-Corrosion protection

Cavitation & Aeration

11-Wear protection
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks
12-Toxicity
Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
13-Acidity
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
14-Vapor pressure :
Functions
Vapor pressure or equilibrium vapor
Additives pressure is the pressure exerted by
Oil contamination a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium
Solid contaminant with its condensed phases (solid or
Water contaminant liquid) at a given temperature in a closed
Air contaminant system.
Cavitation & Aeration
The equilibrium vapor pressure is an
Fluid cleanliness
indication of a liquid's thermodynamic
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

tendency to evaporate.
Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
15-Pour point :
Properties
Functions
the lowest temperature at which the oil will pour or flow.
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
16-Flash Point :
Properties
the lowest temperature at which a liquid (usually a petroleum product) will
Functions
form a vapour in the air near its surface that will “flash,” or briefly ignite,
Additives
on exposure to an open flame. The flash point is a general indication of the
Oil contamination
flammability or combustibility of a liquid. Indicates oil purity.
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant
17-Fire Point :
Air contaminant
the lowest temperature at which a volatile combustible substance
Cavitation & Aeration
continues to burn in air after its vapor have been ignited if heating is
Fluid cleanliness
continued after the flash point has been reached .
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters 18-Auto ignition Point :

Tanks
he lowest temperature at which the fuel will spontaneously ignite in a
Transmission lines
normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Click here !
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant Power

Sealing Cooling
Water contaminant Transmission
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Damping Cleaning Lubrication
Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination ✓Base oil + additives = hydraulic fluid

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant ✓Based on the additives used it may be engine oil ,

Cavitation & Aeration
transmission oil or hydraulic oil
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Base oil
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition G1 G2

Coolers & heaters

Tanks Hydraulic fluids

Transmission lines
Recommendations G3 G4,G5

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Functions Pour point depressant
Additives

Oil contamination VI improver

Solid contaminant
Oxidation inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant
Foam inhibitors
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness Rust & corrosion inhibitors

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Anti-Wear
Coolers & heaters
Demulsifier
Tanks

Transmission lines Metal deactivator

Recommendations

Quiz Extreme Pressure Additives

 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents Create a colloidal suspension of particles to prevent formation of sludge,
Properties
Pour point depressant varnish, and deposits
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents Allow lubricant to flow at colder temperatures
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents Reduce the lubricant’s tendency to change viscosity with
Properties
Pour point depressant changing temperature
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties Reasons of oxidation :
Pour point depressant
Functions ➢ Heat
VI improver ➢ UV
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors ➢ Electric discharge
Oil contamination ➢ Prescence of water or
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant chemical contamination
Water contaminant Rust & corrosion inhibitors like copper
Air contaminant Anti-Wear
How it happens
Cavitation & Aeration A radical is formed , and
Fluid cleanliness propagation occurs.
Filter types & location
To prevent oxidation , this
Monitoring oil condition radical should be scavenged
Coolers & heaters as fast as possible by Anti-
Tanks
Oxidation additives

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents Effect of oxidation (degradation)
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver ▪ Acidity in oil
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination ▪ Polymerized compounds which are
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant dissolved in warm oil (referred to as sludge
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant
or resins)
Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration ▪ Varnish precipitating out as deposits on

Fluid cleanliness colder machine components
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents Effect of oxidation (degradation)
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents Effect of oxidation (degradation)
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant ✓ Foaming is ok
Functions ✓ Stable foam is undesirable
VI improver
Additives ✓ Anti-foaming blasts foam bubbles
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines As you noticed : Anti-wear , Rust & corrosion inhibitors , Detergents , dispersants & Metal deactivators
Recommendations They work in the same manner

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Dispersant & Detergents
Properties
Pour point depressant
Functions
VI improver
Additives
Oxidation inhibitors
Oil contamination
Foam inhibitors
Solid contaminant
Rust & corrosion inhibitors
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Anti-Wear

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Click here !
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location 1-Oil Additives

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness
2-CAT hydraulic fluid guide
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Hard particles Soft particles
Functions Silica Rubber
Additives
Carbon Fibers
Oil contamination
Metal Micro organism
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant
Damage
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
• Built-in during manufacturing and assembly processes.
Functions
• Added with new fluid.
Additives • Ingested from outside the system during operation.
Oil contamination • Internally generated
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives How to Use filters for reservoir air breathers.

Oil contamination prevent
Solid contaminant
Flush all systems before initial start-
Water contaminant up.
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Specify rod wipers and replace worn
actuator seals.
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location Cap off hoses and manifolds during
Monitoring oil condition
handling and maintenance.
Coolers & heaters Filter all new fluid before it enters the
Tanks reservoir.
Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Water in oil
Functions Dissolved water Emulsified water Free water
Additives water molecules Once the dissolved water’s concentration Free water is formed once the emulsified
dispersed one-by-one has exceeded the saturation point of the water has reached a concentration at
Oil contamination
throughout the oil; like fluid, microscopic water droplets will which it starts a separation phase and
Solid contaminant humidity in air. Fluid with start to form an emulsion which is large water droplets begin to fall out of
only dissolved water in it suspended within the fluid. Fluid solution. Fluid samples containing free
Water contaminant
will have a bright, clear samples containing emulsified water will water will have a cloudy, hazy
Air contaminant appearance have a cloudy, hazy appearance. appearance. As the sample settles, the
Cavitation & Aeration
free water will fall out to form a
separated layer on the bottom of the
Fluid cleanliness sample.
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Targeting an operational level of no more than approximately 50% of the
Tanks saturation level provides a factor of safety and will have a positive effect
Transmission lines on bearing life in particular
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Levels of water above the saturation level start to become visible
Functions as cloudiness or a milky appearance of the fluid. This condition
Additives has higher viscosity.
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Damage
Functions Corrosion of metal surfaces
Additives Accelerated abrasive wear
Oil contamination
Bearing fatigue
Solid contaminant
Fluid additive breakdown
Water contaminant
Viscosity variance
Air contaminant
Increase in electrical conductivity
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness What happens

Filter types & location • Anti-wear additives break down in the presence of water
Monitoring oil condition and form acids.
Coolers & heaters • As temperature drops freezing point is reached, ice crystals
Tanks form, adversely affecting total system function.
Transmission lines • Electrical conductivity becomes a problem when water
Recommendations contamination weakens the insulating properties of a fluid
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Sources
Properties
• Worn actuator seals (wipers)
Functions • Reservoir opening leakage
Additives • Condensation
• Heat exchanger leakage
Oil contamination
• Chemical reaction inside oil
Solid contaminant (oxidation)
Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification How to prevent
Properties
Functions
• All connections into a hydraulic reservoir or components
Additives
mounted on it must be effectively sealed to prevent the
Oil contamination
ingress not only of dirt but also of water from rain,
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant
splashing or machine wash-down
Air contaminant • water-impervious membrane can be included in the air
Cavitation & Aeration breather to absorb or prevent moisture being drawn into
Fluid cleanliness the reservoir
Filter types & location • For critical applications, online sensors can be used to
Monitoring oil condition
monitor the water content of a fluid and thus provide a
Coolers & heaters
warning of when action needs to be taken
Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification How to Separate water
Properties
• Absorption : This is accomplished by filter elements that are designed specifically to take out free
Functions water. generally used when small volumes of water are involved
Additives • Centrifugation : Separates water from oil by a spinning motion. This method is also only effective
Oil contamination with free water, but for larger volumes.
Solid contaminant • Vacuum Dehydration : Separates water from oil through a vacuum and drying process. This
method is also for larger volumes of water, but it is effective with both the free and dissolved
Water contaminant
states.
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location 3-Water contaminant

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Entrained (undissolved, or free) air is the problem
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness Sources

Filter types & location • Leakage from any fitting
Monitoring oil condition • Submergence of return line in
Coolers & heaters tank
Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz How to bleed air ?

 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Cavitation
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks About 0.7 for mineral oil & 0.9 for fire resistant
Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination
1-What is Cavitation and Aeration？ 2-Cavitation in Hydraulic Pumps 3-Cavitation vs Aeration
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant
3-2-Cavitation sound
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations 4-noise of cavitation 5-Cavitation in hydraulic system 6-Inertial collapse of a single
bubble near a solid surface
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Possible causes
Functions

Additives
Too long suction line
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant
Too small suction diameter
Water contaminant
Blocked suction filter
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration High oil temperature

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location High pump speed causes high velocity in suction
Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters Too much bends in suction line

Pump is too high above the tank
Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations
Leakage of air
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Damage
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Damage
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Damage
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions How to avoid
Additives

Oil contamination Increase suction line diameter

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant
decrease suction line length
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Use booster pump
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

mount the pump below the tank if possible
Use pressurized tank
Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
How to identify oil cleanliness
Functions

Additives
The contamination level of a liquid sample is determined by particle counting,.
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines Wil be discussed in monitoring oil condition section

Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
How to identify oil cleanliness
Functions

Additives
The contamination level of a liquid sample is determined by particle counting,.
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks 4- particles counting

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification What is the ISO code for this sample ?
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination
Hydraulic component and bearing manufacturers set ISO fluid
Solid contaminant
cleanliness code limits that are the maximum tolerance for fluid
Water contaminant
contamination under which predictable performance and life can be
Air contaminant
maintained. These limits often become fluid cleanliness targets at the
Cavitation & Aeration
mill or plant level. Using the upper limit as a target means that you are
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

operating on the absolute edge with no room for error.
Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
A good upper limit for new oil cleanliness is 16/14/11. However, a commonly seen ISO Code for
Properties new oil reaches an ISO Code of 25/22/19, which is not only unsuitable for hydraulic or
Functions lubrication systems but can be a major cause of degradation and premature component failure.
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Offline filters
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Offline filters
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
The significant benefits of off-line filtration include:
Properties
Functions ✓ The filter is working under ideal conditions, with a steady flow and
Additives constant pressure drop across the element.
Oil contamination ✓ The separate drive to the off-line pump can be left running continuously
Solid contaminant (especially in industrial applications), independently of the main system.
Water contaminant
✓ The separate drive allows the filter element to be changed while the main
Air contaminant
system is still in operation.
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness
✓ The filter can be located in a convenient position for access.
Filter types & location ✓ Air is not introduced into the system when changing a filter element.
Monitoring oil condition ✓ The off-line loop can be used to fill and empty the reservoir, thus
Coolers & heaters ensuring that only filtered fluid is added to the reservoir.
Tanks
✓ The off-line loop can include a cooler if necessary, and this is an ideal
Transmission lines
location for a cooler.
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Breather
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Inline filter locations
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Inline filter locations
Functions due to cavitation limitations of pumps. For this reason, they are not used
Additives as primary protection against contamination. Some pump manufactures
Oil contamination do not recommend the use of a suction filter
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

In suction filters, either a 2 or
3 psi (0.14 bar or 0.2 bar)
Tanks
bypass valve is used to
Transmission lines minimize the chance of
Recommendations potential pump cavitation.
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Inline filter locations
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Inline filter locations
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
In tank mounted filter
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Inline filters media
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Inline filters media
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Wire Mesh Cellulose Fiberglass Water absorber
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Depth media types
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Depth media types
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Depth media types
Properties
Functions

Additives The cellulose element would

Oil contamination
typically achieve a code no better
than 22/20/17
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant
The glass element would typically
Cavitation & Aeration deliver an ISO Fluid Cleanliness
Fluid cleanliness Code of 18/15/8 to 15/13/9 or
Filter types & location
better

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Filter rating
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Filter rating
Functions The filtration industry uses the ISO 4572 “Multipass Test
Additives Procedure” to evaluate filter element performance. T
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties If there is a leakage
Functions through the bypass
Additives valve
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Selection
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties When to change filters
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Click here !
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
1-Field inspection
Properties
Functions
Test viscosity by
Additives Used oil
Take a sample from using inclined
Oil contamination moves N Oil is ok
used oil and compare surface and a
much faster
Solid contaminant it with new oil droplet of each oil
Water contaminant y Oil contains air
Air contaminant N
Cavitation & Aeration
Oil lost its
viscosity y
Fluid cleanliness Appears darker ? N Is it milky
Filter types & location
See
Oil contains water bubbles?

N
Monitoring oil condition y
Coolers & heaters Get a glass y Chemical
Tanks vessel and Wait for it
Hear pop reaction
Transmission lines Oil is oxidized put some N to cool
oil inside sound ?
Recommendations down
then heat it
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
2-Patch Test
Properties
Functions A patch test is nothing more than a visual analysis of a fluid
Additives sample. It usually involves taking a fluid sample and
Oil contamination passing it through a fine media “patch”. The patch is then
Solid contaminant analysed under a microscope for both colour and content
Water contaminant and compared to known ISO standards.
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
2-Patch Test
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
2-Patch Test
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Identifying Types of Contamination
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition 5- Examples on particles

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
3-Laser Particle Counter
Properties
Functions Laser particle counters will
Additives generally give only particle
Oil contamination counts and cleanliness
Solid contaminant
classifications. Water
content, viscosity, and
Water contaminant
spectrometric analysis tests
Air contaminant
would require a full
Cavitation & Aeration laboratory analysis
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
3-Laser Particle Counter
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
3-Laser Particle Counter
Properties
• If the oil is milky or oxidized (dark colour) it will not be possible to count the particles since the
Functions
whole beam width will be dark
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
3-Laser Particle Counter
Properties
Functions • Air baubles , additives & sludge , they all will be counted as contaminants
Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
3-Laser Particle Counter
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Click here !
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
4-Laboratory Analysis
Properties
Functions The laboratory analysis is a complete look at a fluid sample
Additives

Oil contamination
There is a National Fluid Power Association
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant
(NFPA) standard for extracting fluid samples
Air contaminant
from a reservoir of an operating hydraulic
Cavitation & Aeration
fluid power system.(NFPA T2.9.1-1972).
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

There is also the American National Standard
Monitoring oil condition
method (ANSI B93.13-1972) for extracting
Coolers & heaters fluid samples from the lines of an operating
Tanks hydraulic fluid power system for particulate
Transmission lines contamination analysis.
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Fluid samples should be taken with the system at normal operating temperature
Properties and, ideally, from the pressure line via an inbuilt sampling valve.
Functions To take a sample, a volume of fluid is first run through the sample valve (to flush
Additives out any accumulated dirt), and then a specially cleaned sample bottle is held
Oil contamination under the fluid stream, without touching the valve. The bottle is then sealed and
Solid contaminant sent for analysis as required. If a sample from the fluid reservoir is required, a
Water contaminant similar process can be used. In this case, a sampling valve and internal pipe are
Air contaminant used to ensure the sample is taken from the middle of the reservoir
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Sample
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness 6-1- oil analysis report 6-2- oil analysis report 6-3- oil analysis report
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Click here !
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Compatibility test
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Fluid-temperature control
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations
Temperature drop of hydraulic oil thought the cooler is about (7-15) deg. C
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Heaters
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties The purpose of the reservoir in a hydraulic system is to:
Functions

Additives ✓store fluid that is not circulating around the system

Oil contamination
✓provide volume and storage for fluid displaced from the
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant
cylinders or accumulators
Air contaminant
✓provide a degree of cooling for the system fluid
Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness ✓enable heating of the system fluid when necessary

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

✓allow air to separate from the fluid.
Coolers & heaters

Tanks Reservoir size = 3–5 Q (l/min) If the pump is fixed

Transmission lines
Reservoir size = Q (l/min) If the pump is variable
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness
8- tank
Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Tube
Functions The tube or inner liner is generally made of some type of synthetic rubber
Additives or thermoplastic like nylon or polyester. The main function of the tube is
Oil contamination to convey the liquid, gas or a combination of the two. For this reason, it
Solid contaminant must be chemically resistant to the Fluid conveyed.
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Reinforcement

Cavitation & Aeration
The reinforcement layer or layers, provide the strength to resist system
Fluid cleanliness
pressure. They can be made from textile materials or wire.
Filter types & location
The most method is braiding, where the wire or textile materials are
Monitoring oil condition
interwoven, to realise hoses from the low to high pressure range.
Coolers & heaters
For very high and ultra-high-pressure applications the reinforcement is
Tanks
generally applied in spiral configuration on the hose. Depending on the
Transmission lines
pressure range, multiple layers of reinforcement can be used
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties Cover
Functions
The cover, as the name implies is the outermost layer of the
Additives

Oil contamination
hose. Its main function is to protect the tube and
Solid contaminant
reinforcement from external damage.
Water contaminant
Cover materials are selected based on their ability to resist
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

abrasion, sunlight, chemicals and extreme temperatures with
Fluid cleanliness consequent ageing effects.
Filter types & location
Another function of the cover is to provide a place for the
Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

manufacturer to identify the product. This branding or layline,
Tanks as it is called, will often contain the manufacturer's name, part
Transmission lines number, pressure range or application, size, date of
Recommendations manufacture, industry specification, etc.
Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination Rule of thumb :-

Solid contaminant
Suction line (0.6 – 1.2 m/s)
Water contaminant

Air contaminant Return line (1.2 – 2.1 m/s)

Cavitation & Aeration
Pressure line (2.1 – 4.6 m/s)
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location Why there is a speed limit ?

Monitoring oil condition For Laminar flow
Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
How to determine if the flow is laminar or turbulent ?
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant Why laminar flow is better than turbulent flow in power transmission ?
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Which type of flow has higher friction loss ?
Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Same load & same flow but the lines in the second case are undersized which results in higher speed
Tanks leading to higher loss and higher temperature
Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Loss in transmission lines
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Friction factor calculation :-
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification Commonly used connectors and coupling elements ( DIN metric )
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness 9-fitting ends 10-install fitting

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives Causes
Oil contamination
Wrong installation
Solid contaminant

Water contaminant Over pressure

Air contaminant Overheat
Cavitation & Aeration
Chemical reaction
Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Bend radius
Monitoring oil condition Vacuum
Coolers & heaters
Fittings
Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Hoses failure
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

7-Hoses failure
Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines
Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition 8-Final overview

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines

Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification
Properties
Functions

Additives

Oil contamination

Solid contaminant

Water contaminant

Click here !
Air contaminant

Cavitation & Aeration

Fluid cleanliness

Filter types & location

Monitoring oil condition

Coolers & heaters

Tanks

Transmission lines

Recommendations

Quiz
 Hydraulic Oil
Classification What will be the effects of increasing viscosity ?
Properties
Functions
What will be the effects of increasing oil temperature ?
Additives What may cause cavitation ?
Oil contamination

Solid contaminant
How to prevent cavitation ?
Water contaminant How to know if its cavitation or aeration ?
Air contaminant
Which of these oils can work in widest range of temperature ?
Cavitation & Aeration
9-Quiz
Fluid cleanliness Mobil DTE 10 Excel Series Mobil Nyvac FR 200D Mobil NUTO H Mobil UNIVIS N series

Filter types & location Arrange these oils

Monitoring oil condition
ISO 20/18/15 ISO 17/15/12 NAS 10 NAS 8
Coolers & heaters
What will make the oil milky ?
Tanks

Transmission lines If both air and water causes the milky shape , how to know which one of them do exist ?
Recommendations

Quiz
 Write down your own notes
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Khaled Gamal
Thank you