A

COMPREHENSIVE PROJECT REPORT

ON

“Loans & Advance at Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank”

Submitted to
(PIMR)

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE

DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

In
Parul University

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Faculty Guide
Dr. Rohtash Bhall

Submitted by
(Dhananjay Kushwah & Devang Chawla)
Batch 2023-25 Enrollment No.: 2306172000690
2306172000688
MBA SEMESTER III/IV

Parul University,
Limda, Waghodia
October, 2024
 Student's Declaration

We, Dhananjay Kushwah & Devang Chawla , hereby declare that the report
for Comprehensive Project entitled “Loans & Advance at Jivan Commercial
Co-operative Bank” is a result of our own work and our indebtedness to other
work publications, references, if any, have been duly acknowledged.

Place : Rajkot

Date : Signature
 Institute’s Certificate

“Certified that this Comprehensive Project Report Titled “Loans & Advance at Jivan
Commercial Co-operative Bank” is the bonafide work of Mr.Dhananjay Kushwah &
Devang Chawla (Enrollment No. 2306172000690 & 2306172000688 respectively who
carried out the research under my Supervision. I also certify further, that to the best of my
knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any other project report or
dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion
on this or any other candidate.

(Dr. Rohtash Bhall)

 PREFACE

The main objective of practical knowledge in the form of industrial visit at

the Master of Business Administration level is to give the perspective
knowledge about the organization. To become sharper in the field of
Management, one needs both practical as was theoretical knowledge.

I have decided to do my project at bank and therefore I have visited the

"JIVAN COMMERCIAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK” dhebar road, Rajkot to
undertake visit as a pre-requisite of my course studies.

In this project, I have taken mainly following points:

Introduction of banking system.

Information about JCCB Bank.

About the main topic, i.e., loans and advances of JCCB.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I hereby want to thank Jivan Commercial Co-Operative bank and its

members for their help given to me during my training. I was thrilled to
find that people here were very co-operative and helped me in all ways
possible. They were very eager in solving my queries and were ready
to help all the time.

First of all I am very thankful to my parents because they have

cooperated with me in preparing this project and without their support I
could not do this project.

Then I would like to thank Dr Bijal Zaveri, dean of our college and I am
heartily thankful to Dr. Rohtash Bhall for his constant Encouragement
and assistance in preparing project report.

Moreover I want to take these opportunities to thank Mr.D.N.Kikani

despite being one of the busiest person in the bank. he took out time to
attempt to my questions. So for these, I want to thank him for his co-
operation and knowledge that he has imparted to me.
 Table of content

1 Industry Overview

1.1) Introduction to Banking

1.2) Banking in India

1.3) Introduction to Co-operative Banking

1.4) History of co-operative bank

1.5) Role of Cooperative in Indian Economy

1.6) Characteristics of Co-operative banks

2. Company Profile

2.1) History of JCC Bank

2.2) Bank Profile

2.3) Board of Director of the bank

2.4) Organization Structure of JCC

2.5) Vision and mission of bank

2.6) Award and achievement

2.7) Future plan

2.8) social contribution

2.9) Mile stone of bank

2.10) Service Department

2.11) Marketing Department

 2.12) Human Resource Department

2.13) Finance Department

2.14) Swot Analysis

3. Research Topic

3.1) Meaning of research

3.2) Meaning of loan and advances

3.3) List of various loan

4. Literature review

5. Research Problem

6. Research Objective

7. Hypothesis/Hypotheses

8. Research Methodology

9. Data analysis and Interpretation

10. Statistical Analysis/Hypothesis Testing

11. Recommendation and suggestions

12. Research findings

13. Conclusion

14. Limitations of the study

15. Implementation of the study

16. Scope for the future study

17. Annexure

18. References
 EXECUTIVE SUMMRY

“Study of loan and advances of JCCB”. I have taken this topic because
now- a-days in this fast developing economics era, loan and advances
play a very important role like when a person wants to start a business
then he can start his business by taking a loan from bank and this is
affected by the interest charged on loan.

The main purpose of this study is to know that which banks loan is more
suitable to take by market survey.

Whole project consists of bank details. History of banking in India, major

players in the banking sector and Regulatory Environment details under
which JCCB is working. This report also covers the major departments of
JCCB viz. Marketing Department, Finance Department, Service
Department and Human Resource Department.
Industry Overview
 1.1) INTRODUCTION TO BANKING

Banks are among the main participants of the financial system. Banks
also perform certain activities which are ancillary to this business of
accepting deposits and lending. Since Banking involves dealing directly
with money, governments in most countries regulate this sector rather
stringently. Banks provide almost all payment services by conducting
checking or current accounts for customers, paying cheques drawn by
customers on the bank, and collecting cheques deposited to customers'
accounts. Banks also enable customer payments via other payment
methods such as telegraphic transfer. Banks have added new payment
channels like Internet banking, Mobile Banking, ATMs etc.

Banks activities can be classified into 5 categories:-

1) Retail Banking: dealing directly with individuals

2) Business Banking: providing services to mid-size business

3) Corporate Banking: dealing with large business entities

4) Private Banking: providing wealth management services to High Net

5) worth Individuals

6) Investment Banking: relates to helping customers raise funds in the

Capital Markets and advising on mergers and acquisitions.

7) In addition to this Banks are now moving towards Universal banking

which is a combination of commercial banking, investment banking and
various other activities including insurance.
 1.2) BANKING IN INDIA

Early phase of ancient times

The origin of banking in India can be traced back to almost the Vedic
period. The transformation from pure money lending to proper banking
appears to have taken place before the times of Manu. Manu, a great
Hindu jurist, has devoted a section of his work explaining the deposits
and advances and he even laid down certain rules on rates of interest.

Throughout Mauryan period and later on, desi bankers played some
role in the economy of the country. However, it was during the Mogul
period that indigenous bankers started playing a vital role in lending
money and financing of the foreign trade and commerce.

Second phase from 1786 to 1969

Banking on European lines started in India, when two British managing

agency houses, namely Ferguson and Co. and Alexander and Co. set up
the first joint stock bank in 1786 in the name of General Bank of India.
Later on Bank of Hindustan also came into existence which carried on
the business till 1906.
East India Company established three banks; namely, The Bank of
Bengal in 1809, The Bank of Bombay in 1840, and Bank of Madras in
1843. They were collectively called Presidency Banks and were well
functioning independent units.

A number of private banks had been established by the businessmen

from mid of the 19th century onwards. In the surcharged atmosphere of
Swadeshi movement, a number of banks with Indian management,
namely, Punjab National Bank Ltd., Bank of India Ltd., Canara Bank Ltd,
Indian Bank Ltd. etc. were established.

The Reserve Bank of India was established as the Central bank of the
country in 1935under an act called Reserve bank of India Act. In 1955,
the Imperial Bank of India was nationalized and was given the name
"State Bank of India”. On July 19, 1969, 14 major banks were
nationalized.

Third Phase from 1969 to 1991

The three decades after nationalization saw a phenomenal expansion in

the geographical coverage and financial spread of the banking system in
the country.

In 1980, another six banks were nationalized, and thus raising the
number of nationalized banks to 20.In the post-nationalization era, no
new private sector banks were allowed to be set up. However, in 1993,
in recognition of the need to introduce greater competition which could
lead to higher productivity and efficiency of the banking system, new
private sector banks were allowed to be set up in the Indian banking
system.
Forth phase from 1996 till date

New delivery channels like ATM, Mobile banking and Internet banking
and convenience of any branch banking and auto sweep products
introduced by new private and MNC banks. Communication infrastructure
improves and becomes cheap.
1.3) INTRODUCTION TO CO-OPERATIVE BANK

Definition of Cooperation
H.CALVERT define
cooperation –

“As a form of organization, where in persons voluntarily associate

together as human beings, on a basis of equality for the promotion of
the economic interest of themselves.”

7 principles of Cooperative societies

1. Voluntary association or open membership.

2. Democratic control

3. Members economic participation

4. Autonomy and independence

5. Co-operative education, training and information

6. Mutuality or cooperation among members

7. Concern for community

 1.4) HISTORY OF CO-OPERATIVE BANKING

Over the years, the difference between co-operative banks &

commercial banks has blurred as they all have come under a common
law. All products & services are offered by co-operative banks are on the
par with commercial banks, with a few exceptions related to government
business. In 1904 the co- operative movement started in India with a view
to provide finance to the agriculturist at a low rate of interest. The co-
operative society has to take the place of the money lenders & provide
cheap loan to the farmers for productive purposes. Even though many
types of co-operative societies have been started particularly for the
artisans & others, the most common form of such societies deal in rural
credits. And today co-operative banks have started verities of Services
with different technologies.

Once Mahatma Gandhi has remarked that “There is sweetness in co-

operation; There is no one who weak or strong among those who co-
operate. Each is equal to other.”

Over a period of time, a strong co-operative network made its way into
rural areas with Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh leading the
way. The original founders of the co- operative movement were people
with integrity, foresight and vision. However, with the passage of time,
there has been erosion in the quality of leadership in this sector.
 1.5) ROLE OF CO-OPERATIVE IN INDIANECONOMY

In today’s competition era it is necessary that all work in cooperation.

As rightly said that

“United we stand, Divided we fall”. So cooperative banks become

necessary for the society. Also our nation is the agriculture based where
60% people live on agriculture and farming. So cooperative banks
provide low interest loan to farmers.

Our govt adopted LPG policy in 1991 so cooperative banks also need to
reform. It has become necessary to make co-operatives more
competitive and market oriented. The old vision of cooperatives as
merely government sponsored institutions or as individual driven
organization would have to give way to a new vision of co-operatives
where in the co-operative become “competitive business units” to play an
active and effective role in economic welfare of its members. This calls
forcreation and development of new type of co-operatives institutions and
re-engineering and reinnovation of existing co- operatives to meet the
challenges of new economic scenario. In liberalized market economy
cooperatives provide protection to people and make possible survival of
weakest also.
 1.6) CHARACTERISTICS OF CO-OPERATIVEBANK

The establishments of co-operative banks are mainly to cater to the

needs of the rural areas and small borrowers are concerned more with
financing agricultures.

The co-operative banks are organized on co-operation basis and are

governed by their members according to co-operative laws.

Co-operative banks are under control of state government and to lesser

extent RBI certain provision of banking regulation act also applied.

In co-operative banks borrowers being member have some control over

management and use of funds.

They have to follow rate for investment laid down by the register of co-
operative societies.
Company Profile
 2.1) HISTORY of JCCB

Jivan commercial Co-operative Bank ltd. has been a long & eventful journey from
1972. From a small building in a Rajkot to its new hi-tech & fully computerized
building and branches in Rajkot as well as in wakaner is a sage of vision
enterprise, finance prudence and corporate governance.

JCCB ltd. was established on 7 Aug, 1972 with share of Rs. 78200 and
membership of 1017 person under the leadership of late established by late shri
rajedra raya with late shri harsubhai raval. And Mr. Kantibhai, Gujarat’s finance
minister at that time. This bank was names on famous shastri JIVANLAL RAVAL.
The bank has made tremendous and real progress under the leadership of
chairman late rajendrabhai Raya.

Bank is successfully working for 3 year. This bank has started with the working
capital of Rs.1 crores which kept on incasing till today and crossed the limit of
Rs.100 crores. The bank has started its first branch at bhaktinagar on 4 sept, 1977
and again to fill the demand of customers 2nd branch on 19th Oct, 1981 at Raiya
road and 3rd branch on 7th April, 1985 at wakaner. The bank sees a vision of
current and future trends, bank to start the safe deposit volt way back in 1990.

During past years bank has player 7 leading role for the development of industrial
business and economy of Rajkot city. Bank has developed in manifolds with time
membership of bank is now 24049, which provides an example of how mass
movement can be turned into the instrument for social up-linemen. Today bank has
more than 59719 deposit accounts with deposits base of 171+ crore no. of borrows
4218, establishment/individuals enjoys the facility of rs.85+ crores and advance
bank has 19+ crores of reserve fund. Now bank has share capital of rs. 4, 37,
82,500 bank has 3840 safe deposit Walt
Bank has establishes “sabhasad kalyannidhi fund” for T.B, cancer, Eye and
diabetes treatment for the member of bank. Bank has denoted to educational
institutions and hospitals. Bank has also denoted in Natural calamities such as
earthquake and flood. Bank also promotes to the sports activities.

Being in the service sector with a vision of current and future treats, Bank started
automation and modernizations way back in 2005 all the branches as
computerized. And the has paid regularly the dividend to share holders on an
average of 12% p.a.
 2.2) BANK PROFILE

Name: Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank Ltd.

Address: Dhebar Road, Rajkot.

Year of establishment 1972

Registration no 6102

Type of bank : Commercial co-operative

Branches 5

Initial member 1017

No. of Customers 24049

share capital : 5, 22,44,800

No. of Employee 104

Fax no.0281-2233168

E-mail : jivanbank@yahoo.co.in

Chairman : Shri Rameshbhai

parsana Managing director : Shri Narendrabhai
Jadeja General Manager : Shri Dhirendrabhai S.
vyas Internal Auditor : Shri D.N.Kikani

Working time : 10am to 5pm

Working day : Monday to Friday Saturday half day

Week off : Sunday & public holiday

 2.3) BOARD OF DIRECTOR

1. Shri Bhagvanjibhai Parsana

2. Shri Rudradatt J. Raval

3. Shri Vashantbhai H. Kamdar

4. Shri Rajeshbhai Parsana

5. Shri Harkinbhai P. Mazni

6. Shri Natvarlal P. Khakkhar

7. Shri Babubhai K. Dhabhi

8. Shri Jaydevsinh Jadeja

9. Shri Vajubha Sajubha Zala

10. Shri Navinbhai C. Bharcha

11. Shri Rameshbhai Patel

12. Shri Sureshbhai Pathak

13. Shri Hasmukbhai Bhubbhadev

14. Shri Dharmendrabhai P. Vyas

15. Shri Nitinbhai Chauhan

16. Shri Narendrasinh A. Jadeja

17. Shri Asvinbhai G. Dave

18. Shri Ronak S. Dhavda

 2.4) ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

Chairaman

Vice chairman

Managing
director

↓ ↓

Main Branch Other Branch

↓ ↓

Manager Manager

↓ ↓

Deputy Manager Assistant

Manager

↓ ↓

Assistant Manager Clerk

↓ ↓

Clerk Peon
 2.5) VISION AND MISSION OF BANK

→vision of bank

“Maximum profit at maximum services”

The bank is committed to maintain the highest level of ethical standards,

professional integrity and regulatory compliance. Our bank philosophy is
based on four core values such as:

1. Operational excellence,

2. Customer focus,

3. Service leadership,

4. Welfare of people,

The objectives of Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank ltd. Is to provide

its target market members a full range of financial products and banking
services, giving the members a one-step window for all his/her
requirement.
→Mission of bank

“We are always with you”

The above slogan has been accepted and well performed by the bank.
Bank always tries to give support to its members. The regular payment
of dividend over such 38 year on an average of 12% p.a. is a good sing
of the implementation of the slogan “We always with you”

Bank also provides loan facilities to its members for short term and
medium term financial requirements at reasonable rates.

The bank is going to start new branch in near future for easy

accessibility.

The bank provides easy clearing of cheques at the ground floorat main
branch.

Adopting the latest technology for calculating and communication.

The mission of JCCB is to maintain 0.00NPA bank in futurewith

performing above slogan.
 2.6) AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENT

→The bank got an award for tennis tournament.

→Bank term came 1st in India in inter bank cricket tournament

→The bank is awarded “A” class for auditing by the government of

Gujarat since its inspection.

2.7) FUTURE PLAN

→the bank is planning to establish new branches at urban and semi-

urbanareas including rural areas.

→bank is going to adopt new technologies for accounting and other activities.

→soon the bank is going to provide ATM facility to its customer.

 2.8) SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION

→Donation to education activities

→Reserved sheets for patients of T.B, Cancer, and Diabetes in various

hospitals.

→Promotion of sports activities.

→Loan to education unemployed youth

→Help to earthquake victims by providing donation and other requirement.

Keeping in sight, social obligation at large and interest of its share

holders in particular, the bank aim is to provide a WORLD CLASS facility
to the common people of the society at an e-commercial rate. So as to
be a preferred providers of the banking services in the area where bank
operates and achieve a healthy growth in profit, which will be partly
used for the benefit of society and for up-linemen of masses and general
growth of co- coordinative movement.
 2.9) MILE STONE OF BANK

18 April 1972 -bank got registration no.6106

3 july 1972 -bank was established

7 Aug, 1972 -bank got registered and was in auguarated by

finance ministerm of Gujarat

4 Sep, 1977 -bhaktinagar branch was started

16 Jan, 1980 -A new branch at ranchchodnagar was started.

19 Oct, 1981 -started more branch at raiya road

7 April 1985 -The first out station branch was opened at waknaner

June 1986 -Deposit crossed Rs.5 crore

June 1989 -no. of share holder increased above 10,000

25 Oct, 1990 -established a new branch at dhebar road, as a main

branch with modern system
7 Aug 1997 -bank celebrate silver jubilee

March 2000 -deposit crossed Rs.50 crores

March 2003 -bank pays the highest 15% dividend

March 2004 -deposit crossed 50,000

depositorsApril, 2010 -bank started sorathiyawadi
branch
Service Department
 2.10) INTRODUCTION

JCC is purely a service sector. So here instead of production

department there is only “Service Department”. The work of a Service
Department is to produce better services to the customers, which satisfy
the human desire in a best manner.

In banking, service department is concern with that process which

converts the inputs in to outputs. Money is used as a raw material other
resources, information technology, employees are used as an input.
Then after there is need to perform all the service functions (Process).
The output is satisfactory services, employees benefit, security etc.

1. Current

2. Savings

3. Special savings

4. Loan Compulsory

5. Nominal Compulsory

6. Pigmy

7. Fixed

8. Recurring

9. Locker
Current Account

• It is basically used for business purposes. It doesn’t give any interest on

deposits.

• It can be held in the name of firms (include partnership firm, pvt. Ltd. Co.,

ltd.Co., trust, association), person.

• Its prime purpose is to serve the customers for their daily business

transactions.

• A customer having current account can withdraw money in the form of

cash or cheque in an infinite number of times and so is unrestricted.

Savings Account

• These deposits too are used for transactions purpose. For example

if you want to pay electricity bill, telephone bill etc. you can give a cheque
from your savings a/c rather than giving hard cash. Other things such as
paying fees, paying dues etc. can be done from this a/c.

• This deposit is usually held in the name of individual as it is used for

personal purposes and gives interest at the rate of 3.5% per annum.

• Note that trust and association can hold current as well as savings account.

• A customer having savings account can withdraw money in the form of

cash or cheque in a limit number of times which is restricted as 5 times

per month at JCCB. Note that this withdrawing power can be different for
different banks according to the rules and regulations of that particular
bank
Special savings

• This concept and deposit was prevalent earlier, but now it is not in use.

• In this deposit a customer can withdraw the money only3 times (less than

savings i.e. 5times). However, this deposit gives an interest at the rate
which is higher than the savings account. Earlier, when it was in use
these deposits gave a return of 0.5%higher than that of savings deposits.

Loan Compulsory

• These deposits are made compulsory for a customer who wants to take

a loan from JCC. For this customer it is required to keep 2.5% of the
loan amount in these deposits. It gives the same interest rate as saving
deposits.

Nominal Compulsory

• It is similar to loan compulsory deposits in most ways. However, the

difference is that these deposits are held by customers having less loan
amount. These deposits are there to help small loan takers, so that
these people don’t need to keep 2.5% of their loan amount as deposits. It
gives the same interest rate as saving deposits.
Pigmy

• Pigmy has different names at different banks. Some banks give ‘daily

saving’ name to this service.

• Very few banks offer this service. Here, the customer is required to

deposit the installment on daily basis. The interest rate offered is same
as Fixed Deposits. Fixed Deposits (FD).

• It is a deposit which offers the highest interest rate than any other above

mention deposits. So it is mainly used for long-term saving purposes. For

example: a couple having a child of the age of 10 keeps an FD account
so as to use the matured amount for the child’s college fees in future.

• These deposits and its interest rates are explained in detail in the future

sections that are to come.

Recurring

• It is a type of FD with deposits kept for 12 or more months. Here the

deposits are given at installment by the customer. The interest rate for
these depositsis same as FD.

Recurring Example

Deposit date 05-05-2010

Matured date 05-05-2011

Monthly installment 500

Rate of interest 8%

Matured amount 6265

 Locker

• It is necessary to deposit some amount in the bank if a customer wants

to have a safe-locker facility. This deposit is made in locker deposits with

interest rate of 9%perannum (interest calculated at half a year) for 5
years. The deposits that are to maintained for different lockers is given
in the following table

Size of locker Deposit required to be maintained

Small R.7500

Medium Rs.15,000

Large Rs .22,500
Marketing Department
 2.11) INTRODUCTION

Marketing is the process of planning and executing the concept of

pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to
create exchange that satisfy individual and organizational objective.

The origin of marketing can be traced to the early system of barter

system. Various difficulties of barter gave way to introducing of money
and the pricing became the main mechanism of marketing. Then the
marketing era after the World War 2. Competition became very intense,
there was more supply of goods then was actually needed by market.
Therefore marketing research became vital to undertake the social
responsibility in connection with manufacturing of goods. Efforts are
made to balance consumer satisfaction + profit + public welfare.

JCCB is service sector firm providing satisfactory services to its

customers since a decade. The main objective of bank is to give the loan
to middle and lower class of people.

By the name it self people doesn’t ask any other question and willingly
ready to do the transaction with the bank did some local marketing such
as.

- Advertising in local news papers

- Distribution of pamphlets

- Advertisement in business fair

 PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE

Every product under goes different stages of life cycle. Product life
cycle simply Mean the course of the product’s sales and profits over its
life time. It involves five distinct stages:

1) Product Development

2) Introduction- Low sales, High Costs, Negative Profits

3) Growth- Rapidly increasing sales, Average Cost, Rising Profits

4) Maturity- Peak sales, Low Cost, High Profit

5) Decline- Declining sales, low Cost, Declining Profits.

In “JIVAN COMMERCIAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK”, the product is

passing through GROWTH STAGE, as bearing is the heart of every
machine and vehicle and its demand is expected to increase in future
and not decline.
Human Resource
Department
 2.12) INTRODUCTION

Employees hold a key place in business. No business enterprise

can exist and function without employees. The success of business
enterprise depends to a large extent on the quality of its human
resources.

Human resources management is the key to the whole organization. The

concept of personnel management is application not only to bank, but it is
equally important in office, sales department, laboratories where the
management must win the cooperation of their subordinates.

The plan of business may be logically sound and structure of

organization may be perfect, but if the requirement and training of human
resources are unscientific business can ability of its employees.
Therefore, it is necessary to direct motive, develop and manage their
activity.

This bank has a good management and large department of manager

and employees.
 RECRUITMENT SOURCE

Employee holds key position in business. No business enterprise can exit

without employees. The plan of business may be logical sound and
structure of organization may be perfect but if the recruitment and
selection of personnel are unscientific business cannot be develop. And
hence every organization needs employees from time to time.

Recruitment is the process of discovering potential applicants stimulating

and encouraging them for applying for a job in an organization.

Recruitment is positive activity. There are three methods of recruitment.

Direct method

Indirect method

Third Party Method.

In “JCCB”. Sources general recruitment for worker level is direct method

of Recruitment and selection is done of top executive. The advertisement
is given in local n state level news paper. Generally there are two types
of sources of recruitment.

Internal Sources

External Sources
(a) Internal Sources:

Promotion

Transfer

Demotion

(b) External Sources:

Advertisement

Employment agencies

Labor union

Gate hiring

Education institution

Unsolicited application

Ex- Employee.
 SELECTION

“Selection is the process of differentiating between applicants in order to

identifies these with a greater likelihood of success in the job”.

The main aim of selection is to determine whether an applicant meets the

qualifications for a specific job and to choose the applicant who is most
likely to perform well in the job.

IN JCCB:-

In case the bank has given advertisement for applicants, first the receive
the application. Manager evaluates the application and he rejects
improper application and calls a person having proper application from
for the personal interview.

In interview, the manager takes different types of interview s for different

required personnel. These interviews are:

- Personal interview

- Oral test/ written test

Now, if the employee has passed the relative interview, he has to pass
the medical test & then the employee is selected as “trainee” for a certain
time period.

The training period depends upon the employee’s capacity but the
maximum period is of 2 years. After, 3 to 6 months, the report of trainee
employee is submitted to manager and if it is satisfactory then he is
selected, and if the report is negative i.e. if there is no progress then
employee will have to discontinue
 PROMOTION:

A promotion is a type of a transfer involving placement of an employee to

a position having higher pay, increased responsibility more privilege,
increased benefit and great opportunity.

Promotion is given so as

To increase an employees organizational effectiveness

To build up moral, loyalty and a sense of belongings on the part of

To attract suitable and competent workers for the organization.

Promotion may be given on two bases:

On the basis of seniority

On the basis of merit

In this bank, promotion is given on the basis of seniority basis. At lower

level also promotion is made from operative level to supervisory level and
from that to office clerk.

The employee is selected for promotion keeping in view his work

performance, regularity and seniority.
Finance Department
 2.13) INTRODUCTION

The term Business Finance mainly involves, rising of funds and their
effective utilization keeping in view the overall objective of the firm. The
management makes use of various financial techniques for
administrating the financial affairs of the firm in most efficient and
effective way. Financial therefore means the entire gamut of managerial
effort devoted to the management of finance-both its sources and - of the
enterprise.

Its detailed analysis includes financial analysis, risk analysis, capital

structure, measurement of cost of capital, merger, acquisition, working
capital financing, and management of cash and market securities.

In JCCB, separate finance department is there under which various

financial activities are carried out. The bifuregation of activities that are
carried in finance department of JCCB are as follow:

- Preparation of annual account

- Reconciliation of branch account with head office

- Government securities back office work.

- Dealing with other banks.

- Licensing with RBI

- Auditing

- To decide accounting policy

- Management information system

- Periodical returns of RBI

- To decide accounting policy

SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis means overall evaluation of a firm’s strengths, weakness,
opportunities and threats. Swot analysis consists of making analysis of
the external environment and internal environment.

→External environment analysis

External environment consists of out sides of the firm such as

government competitors etc. such environment analysis is necessary
because it affects the firm or an organization.

→Internal environment analysis

Internal environment consists of inner sides of the firm such as

personnel, finance, etc. such environmental analysis is necessary
because it affects the firm or an organization.

STRENGTH

-this bank is very reputed in local area.

-professional management & co-operate term spirit

-strong brand equity in local (Rajkot) area.

-fully computerized

-profitability & sound liquidity.

-branches in all most developed part of Rajkot.

-No mistake in regular transactions can be found because of small network.

WEAKNESS

-Bank is not performing marketing activity because lack of marketing expertise

-lack of modern management concepts and sometimes communication

gap can be found which indicates lack of professionalism.

-bank is not providing ATM facility in the recent developed area and
bank is not fully developed in modern area.

-lower volume of advances due to higher rate of interest ma

effect theexpansion of the organization.

-not reputed at national level and less no. the branches.

OPPORTUNITES:

-bank can open branches at state level in near future.

-bank can introduce new services like NRI loan, ATM, student account with
minimum Rs.100etc.

-bank can perform marketing activities by media.

THREATS:

-changes in government policies and in rules and regulation regarding

bank can be disturbed in regular service of bank.

-Crises in the co-operative banking sector can disturb the bank progress.
Research Topic
 3.1) Meaning of Research

In essence term, Research refers to a search for knowledge. One can

also define Research as a scientific and systematic search for
pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, Research is art of
scientific investigation and careful investigation especially through
search for new fact in any branch of knowledge. Research is an
academic activity because it comprises defining and redefining
problems, formulating hypothesis, collecting, evaluating data, Making
deductions and conclusion. Thus, Research is an original contribution
to existing stock of knowledge making for its advancement.

The role of research in several fields of applied economy has greatly

increased in modern times. In corporate world, research is conducted to
solve various operational and planning problems of business and
industry. Research helps people in business and industry that are
responsible for taking business decision. In business, there are different
types of research conducted for different object such as operations
research, market research, motivational research. Operational Research
refers to solve business problem of cost minimization or profit
maximization or what can be as optimization problem. On the other side,
Market Research is the investigation of the structure & development of a
market for the purpose of formulating efficient policies for purchasing and
sales.
 3.2) Introduction of Research topic

Loan and advances

Any amount borrowed or lent is called loan. If money is borrowed it is

debt of business ands if loan is given, it is receivable for the business.

Loan is a method of lending under which bank gives credit to a borrower

for a fixed period and for a specific purpose. Loan are promises for future
payment, they have to be repaid in periods beyond a year and are,
therefore long term liabilities.

In other words "when a banker makes an advance in a lump sum which

can not be paid wholly or partly and which the customer has permission
to withdraw subsequently, it is called a loan."

Profit is the pivot on which the entire business activity rotates. Banking is
essentially a business dealing with money and credit. Like every other
business activity. Banks are profit oriented. A bank invests its funds in
many ways to earn income. The bulk of its income is derived from loans
and advances.

Banks make loans and advances to traders, businessman and

industrialist against the security of some assets or on the basis of the
personal security of the borrower. In either case, the banks run the risk of
default in repayment. Therefore, banks have to follow a cautions policy
and sound lending principles in the matter of lending. Banks in India have
to consider the national interest along with their own interest while
determining the lending policy.

Many a time a borrower needs funds for fixed assets or non-respective

type of activities and thus seeks money from the bank that is withdrawn
in one lump sum. The loan amount is normally repaid in installments.
Loan may be short- term, medium-term or long-term.
 3.3) List of various Loan of JCCB

1. Hypothecation-cash credit

2. Industrial

3. Overdraft

4. Pledge

5. Consumption

6. Staff Consumption

7. Commercial loan

8. Vehicle loan

9. Building loan

10. Consumable loan

11. Machinery loan

12. Gold loan

13. Bill purchase

1. Hypothecation-cash credit:

This loan is basically given to business people on their trading stock.

JCC gives loan up to 70% of the value of the stock. If here the customer
provides additional property for mortgaging, then extra 50% of the
value of property can be added to the loan amount.

For Builders 15%

For others

Up to 75,00,000 15%

More than 75,00,000 14%

2. Industrial:

Like Hypothecation this loan is also given to firms but here it is given on
finished goods. The other things are same as Hypothecation.

Industrial purpose

Up to 75,00,000 15%

More than 75,00,000 14%

 3. Overdraft (OD):

For the businesses like brokerage firms and trading firms, where there is
no record of the stock, but has to keep large amount of funds to felicitate
trade, hypothecation and industrial loans cannot be given. So for the
liberation of these firms, OD loans can be given. Here these firms are
given loans on the basis of their record of balance sheet and PNL (Profit
and Loss) account. These loans are of 2 type’s viz. FOD and SOD. FOD
is the loan given against fixed deposit whereas SOD means Secured
OD and is given on the mortgaging of the property of the business land
or property. JCC gives loan up to 85% of FD value.

Overdraft

Unsecured 18%

Secured for others

Up to 75,00,000 15%

More than 75,00,000 14%

4. Pledge:

Here stock is under the control of bank. For example the key of the
warehouse in which the goods are kept is with the bank. Example of a
fridge stock. Suppose a warehouse of fridge is under the control of bank.
Now, bank will give the keys to the stockholder only if he pays a part of
loan which he has taken on the stock of fridge. This loan is not prevalent
now at JCC.

5. Consumption:

This is called self-mortgaging loan where the people usually comes for
taking loans on their personal income. It is the only type of loan where
the purpose of the loan is not mentioned. At JCC, this loan has one of the
larger shares among all types of loans. Majority of the loan takers of
these loans are the workers of Rajkot Municipal Corporation (RMC).Here
the RMC submits the salary information of the worker who wants to take
loan and promises to pay back the loan installments from the salary of
that particular worker. RMC manages this by withholding the installment
amount from the salary.
6. Staff Consumption:

This is similar to the consumption loan except that it is provide to staff

people at a slightly lesser rate.

7. Commercial loan:

This loan is provided to the small vendors, who are in need of money for
running their business. This is usually given to the people running small
provision stores, pan shops and others.

8. Vehicle loan:

As the name implies the bank gives loan on the purchase of vehicle.
Here a customer may want an old vehicle or a new vehicle. In the former
case the valuation of the vehicle is must. This valuation can be done by
the bank or the customer himself. In the later case of new vehicle the bill
quotation is used for considering vehicle’s value and 75% of the value
can be given as loan. However, in case of old vehicle 50% of the value
of vehicle is given as loan.

Vehicle loan

Up to 75,00,000 16%

More than 75,00,000 14.5%

9. Building loan:

This loan is given on the purchase or construction of building for

residential or business purposes. This type of loan is also one of the
major contributors to the credit of the bank. These loans are basically
taken by the public for housing and are also taken by the builders for
construction purpose. The loan to the builders is given on the amount
of the work done. For example when the construction is about to start
the first installment of loan is sanctioned. Thereafter, after the
construction of 1 st slab, another installment is given and soon

A. for builders 15%

B. for others

Up to 75,00,000 15%

More than 75,00,000 14%

10. Consumable loan:

This loan is given for consumable such as fridge, TV, AC, etc. This is a type of
personal loan wherein it is necessary to define the purpose of the loan.

Consumption loan

Up to 75,00,000 17%

More than 75,00,000 14.5%

 11. Machinery loan:

This is a loan given to industries on the purchase of the machinery.

Here in, if it is a new machinery then bill quotation is used as valuation.
On the other hand if it is old machinery then a value of bank is a asked
to give valuation report, based on which loan is sanctioned.

Machinery loan

Up to 75,00,000 15%

More than 75,00,000 14%

12. Gold loan:

Here the loan is given on the purchase of gold. This loan is a rarity now.

Purpose -personal use

Limit -Rs.50, 000(in Rajkot city) 20,000(out of Rajkot)

Period -26 months

Rate of interest -14%

Repayable -equated monthly installment Rs.50 per thousand

Security -gold-silver ornaments or items on re-pledge

Document -loan application form, DP note

Paper -In case of service person pay sleep, in case of

businesslast yearly business report.
13. Bill purchase:

Here the customers give their receipt receivable to the bank. Bank
pay the total amount of bills to the customer and then it itself collects the
receivables on behalf of customers. Again these are also not prevalent
now at JCCB.
 4.) LITERATURE REVIEW

GUPTA AND AMBEGEOKAR:

Observed that the use of funds from banks by the private corporate
sector had exceeded its inventory formation. Gupta, has argued that a
small portion of such finance should have gone to meet fixed investment.
Further, he found the growth rate of physical assets to be more directly
and closely related to security issues than bank credit. Hence, he argued
that the fast growing firms relied heavily on security issues than the use
of bank credit. Arnbegeokar found that the rate of rise in bank credit
exceeded that of inventory, sales and output. Further he observed that its
dependence on banks for working capital had increased, accompanied
by a decline in reliance on other financial institutions.

SHETTY:

Assessed the dimensional changes in credit deployment during the first

five years of nationalization in relation to changes in output and prices.
The rationale for his analysis was the fact that, in any accepted model of
demand for money, one common variable is the gross national product or
some other variant of it in real terms. Consequently, he hypothesized that
credit for any sector or industry over a period has to have some
relationship with its performance in real terms, particularly output. He
observed a declining trend in the credit extended by banks to industries
since nationalization, though it was higher than other sectors. On finding
that the share of manufacturing sector in bank credit is higher than its
share in Net Domestic Product (NDP) he concludes that increase in
bank credit has occurred far in excess of increase in output during the
years 1968/69 to 1973/74.
 REVISED BY SHETTY:

Observed that the share of medium and large industry in total bank credit
had declined due to priority sector lending. Another observation in line
with his earlier finding was that growth in bank credit had always been
disproportionate to growth of their physical output, especially in industries
like cotton textiles. His observation particularly for the years 1975-76 and
1976-77 revealed:

(a) Increase in average bank credit had been higher than the growth of NDP
originating in registered manufacturing sector even at current prices

(b) An appreciable increase in the rate of short-term bank credit to inventories

(c) Relatively higher reliance on trade credit.

In line with these observations, he suggested policies to scrutinize credit

claims vigorously and relate credit to the genuine production
requirements so that funds are not tied up with these large borrowers.
K.S.R.ROA:

Carried out an econometric exercise on the determinants of demand for

bank credit of some selected industries for the period between 1970-
71 and 1984-

85. He observed that output of these industries was the most important
factor in determining its demand for bank credit whereas, interest rate of
banks and relative rate of interest of other sources of borrowing played
only a secondary role. Price of output was also found to have affected the
demand for credit significantly. The relative interest rate variable was
significant with respect to industries like textiles, engineering and total
manufacturing, while it was not significant for industries like sugar and
other food products and chemicals.

DIVATIA AND SHANKAR:

In their paper discussed the role of internal and external sources of funds
and their components in financing capital formation of the private
corporate sector. The study was based on the RBI company finance
studies relating to medium and large public and private limited
companies and Covered the period 1961-

76. They also discussed the trends and patterns of financing for four
individual industries, viz, cotton textiles, jute, sugar and cement.
S. ADVE.:

Had some interesting findings in his article "Financial Practices in Indian

Corporate Sector," based on the RBI company finance data. He
underlined the rising dependence on borrowed capital in relation to the
total capital employed in the Indian corporate sector. Trade credit was
pointed out to be important sources of capital when the bank credit was
squeezed. Making an industry-wise analysis, the author came to the
conclusion that the industries with large profit margins and those with
large depreciation and development rebate reserves had a relatively
lower order of overall indebtedness and many of them also had a lower
order of bank borrowings in relation to overall indebtedness. Industries
with high profit margin such as silk and rayon textiles, aluminum, basic
industrial chemicals and medicine and pharmaceutical preparations had
lower proportion of borrowed funds as compared to the average of the
medium and large public Ltd. companies.

L.S.GUPTA:

The extensive study viewed that the growth of institutional finance

emerged in lndia due to structural change for industrial financing system
with wide change of socio-political situations in lndia. He attempted to
measure overall impact of financial institutions on capital formation in
the organized private sector as also the allocate efficiency of financial
system. He observed that during the first plan financial assistance
rendered by special institutions represented only 4.1 per cent of gross
fixed investment in private industry, which rose to 7.9 per cent in the
second plan and further to 18.1% in the third plan period. He also found
that commercial banks remained the most important single agency for
financing the private corporate industry and LIC was the single largest
purchaser of industrial securities and the underwriter of new issues of
large and established companies.
M.S.JOSHI:

The role of financial intermediaries in providing finance to large-scale

industries in the private sector. After analyzing the contribution of each
important intermediary towards industrial development in India, he
estimated that these intermediaries have participated with 17% of
investment in various Industries against 39% in share capital of public
Ltd. companies.
 5.) RESEARCH PROBLEM

Research Problem

The research is that the income level affected to borrower to take

a loan.

6.) RESEARCH OBJECTIVE

1. To be acquire practical knowledge about loans and advances

fromJivan Commercial co-operative Bank.

2. To be acquire in-depth knowledge about requirement & interest

ofloans and loans of different customer group.

3. To be investigate perspective and preference of individual

(customer) of Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank.

4. To be aware of different type of loans provided by the bank.

5. To be aware about the customer satisfaction for the particular

service taken from the Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank.

6. To be study about the respondent and their varying interest.

 7.

7.) HYPOTHESIS

The hypotheses of the study are as follow

H0: amount of loan is independent of income of

customer HA: amount of loan is dependent of income of
customer

1. Ho: µ=µ1

2. Ha: μ≠μ

3. Ha: µ<µ

4. Ha: µ>µ
Research Methodology
 8.) RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Primary data:

Primary data are those which are collected for the first time. I have
taken some information about JCCB by discussing with Loans and
Advances department of the bank. I have done data analysis through
filling questionnaire from customer and employee.

Secondary data:

Secondary data are those which are already been collected for some
other purposes. I have taken the secondary data from internet and from a
book "Guidance note on audit of books.” I have also done data analysis
on the basis of this secondary data. I have compared the interest rates
of various banks with JCCB to fulfill my objectives.

8.2) SAMPLING PLAN

In practical life, it is not possible to enumerate, investigate and

estimate all items in any field inquiry. Therefore when the field of inquiry
is large, a complete enumeration of Universe (population) becomes
difficult and complicated. At that time, researcher should select ‘sample’
out of total population which represent the most characteristic of
population.
Consequently, Researcher must prepare a sample plan for selecting an
opposite sample. In this research, sample was selected as 100
customers of Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank from different
branches of city.

Population Size-

In these the customer as well as employee of JCCB is counted which

is partof these.

Sample Size

This research is conducted by taking preference of 100 customers as

well as of Jivan Commercial Co-operative Bank. It is convenience
sampling because this Questionnaires was distributed randomly to all the
customers.
 SAMPLING METHOD:

I have to use convenience sampling method to analysis of market

research and percentage of investment is dependent of loan taken or
independent of income level.

Sampling
Procedure Non-
probability

9.) Data analysis and interpretation

Occupation of Loan Borrower

. What is your the occupation?

□ Business man □ Employee

□ Profession □ Retired person

Type of occupation No. of

customer

Businessmen 27

Employee 42

Profession 19

Retired person 12

Total 100
 Occupation Of Loan Borrower

45

40

35

In this question, we know that, in different class of occupation who take

more loan in these group. in above chart we can see that the employees
are 42% means the employees are more take a loan as compare to other
group of like businessmen ,Profession and Retied Person are as 27%,
19% and 12%.

Age group of customer No. of

customer

18-35 year 30

35-60 year 48

60-90 year 22

Total 100
 Age Group Of Loan Borrower

60

50

40
No. of Customer

30

20

10

18-35 years 35-60 years 60-90 years

In this research on loan and advances, classified the different age group
and knowing that who take a more loan. In above chart we can see that
the 48% people are those who age is 35 to 60. 30% people are those
who age is 18 to 35 year and 22% are those who age group is 60 to 90
years.

Income Level of Loan Borrower

. What is your the income level per annum?

□ more than 10 laces. □ Between 5 & 10 laces.

□ Between 2 & 5 laces. □ Up to 2 laces.

Income level of No. of

customer customer

Up to 2 laces. 23

Between 2 & 5 laces. 44

Between 5 & 10 laces. 21

More than 10 laces. 12

Total 100
 Income Level Of Loan Borrower

50

45

40

35

30
No. of Customer

25

20

15

10

…………………………….u pto 2 lac B/w 2-5 B/w 5-10 More than 10

In this question, the incomes of borrower are identified. In these, the
persons whose incomes are between 2 to 5 laces are 48% means its
take more loans then after whose income level is up to 2 laces are
23%,the income of between 5 to 10 laces are 21% and who income is
more than 10 laces is 12%.

Behavior of Staff Member

What is the behavior of staff members?

□ Excellence □ Good

□ Adequate □ Average

□ Unsatisfactory

Behavior No. of
customer

Excellence 23

Good 36

Adequate 17

Average 14

Unsatisfactory 10

Total 100
 Behavior Of Staff Member

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

Excel Good Adq. Avg. Unsatisfactory

To use these type of question in research, to know the behavior of staff
member. In these research 36% people are say that the behavior of staff
is good. 23% people are saying that the behaviors of staff are
Excellent.14% people are saying that the behaviors of staff are
Adequate. In these ways the 14% and 10% are those who said that the
behaviors of staff are Average and Unsatisfactory.
 Time Period of Loan

Time period of No. of

loan customer

1 to 3 year 18

3 to 8 year 33

8 to 15 year 28

15 to 25 year 21

Total 100

Time Period Of Loan

40

30

20

10

1 to 3 yrs 3 to 8 yrs 8 to 15 yrs 15 to 25 yrs

The customer whose take a loan in the bank is mostly time period 3 to
8 years. In the above chart, clarified that the person whose take a loan for
3 to 8 year is 33%. And then after the person who takes a loan of 8 to 15
year are 28%. The people who take a loan of 15 to 25 years are 21% and
the last the person who take a loan of 1 to 3 years are 18%.

Another Loan from Rival Bank

 Which is another bank from you borrowed other loans?

□ UBI □ ICICI □ HDFC

□ AXIS □ BOB □ OTHER

□ NO ANOTHER LOAN

Bank name No. of

customer

UBI 12

ICICI 8

HDFC 14

AXIS 6

BOB 15

ANOTHER LOAN 7

NO ANOTHER LOAN 38

Total 100
 Another Loan From Rival

NO ANOTHER LOAN, 38

HDFC, 14

AXIS, 6

ANOTHER LOAN, 7

BOB, 15

UBI, 12

ICICI, 8

In these chart we seen that the 38% are those not take a loan from
another bank then after 15% are those whose take a loan in BOB. In
theses way the borrower are also take a loan to different bank. In these
7% are those who take a loan from other bank.

Qualification of Customer
 What is your education qualification?

□ Up to HSC □ Up to Graduation

□ Up to Post Graduation □ More than post graduation

Qualification No. of
customer

Up to HSC 37

Up to Graduation 32

Up to Post Graduation 19

More than post 12

graduation

Total 100

Qualification of Customer

40

35

30

25

HSC Graduation PG More than PG

Qualificatio
 Maximum Extent to Take Loan

 What is your maximum extent to take loans?

□ Less than 100000 □ between 100000 & 500000

□ Between 500000 & 1000000 □ More than 1000000

Extent Level No. of Customer

Less Than 100000 12

Between 100000 to 31
500000

Between 500000 & 38

1000000

More than 1000000 19

Total 100
 Maximum Extent To Take Loan

40

30

20

10

Loan Amount

Less than 100000 between between More Than

100000 to 500000 5L to 10L 10L

In these chart, the amount of loan is given. In these, the loan amount of
Rs.1,00,000 to 5,00,000 is more means the 38% customer are those
whose take a loan of amount 1 to s laces. Then after 31% customer are
those whose take a loan of amount of Rs. 1,00,000 to 5,00,000.then 19%
are take a loan of more than 10,00,000. then 12% are those whose take
a loan of less than Rs.1,00,000.
 10.) HYPOTHESIS TESTING

Step-1 hypothesis

H0: extent amount to take loan is independent of

income HA: extent amount to take loan is dependent of
income

Step-2: Calculated value chi- square test

Data collected through questionnaire is as below

Level of
income

Extent amount to Up to 2 Between Between More Total

take loan laces. 2 & 5 5 & 10 than
laces. 1
laces.
0 laces.

Less than 100000 8 3 1 0 12

between 100000 10 16 4 1 31
&

500000

Between 500000 5 15 13 5 38
&

1000000

More than 0 10 3 6 19
1000000

Total 23 44 21 12 100
 Expected Frequency
(Row total*column total)/n
Extent amount Up to Between Between More
to take 2 2 & 5 & than
loan laces. 5 10 1
laces. 0 laces.
laces.

Less than 100000 2.76 5.28 2.52 1.44

between 100000 7.13 13.64 6.51 3.72

&

500000

Between 500000 & 8.74 16.72 7.98 4.56

1000000

More than 1000000 4.37 8.36 3.99 2.28

 Chi-square calculation

No. Observed Expected Fo Fe Fo-Fe (Fo- fo-fe2

Fe)2
Frequency Frequency /fe

1 8 2.76 8 2.76 5.24 27.46 9.95

2 10 7.13 10 7.13 2.87 8.24 1.16

3 5 8.74 5 8.74 -3.74 13.99 1.60

4 0 4.37 0 4.37 -4.37 19.10 4.37

5 3 5.28 3 5.28 -2.28 5.20 0.98

6 16 13.6 16 13.64 -2.36 5.57 0.41

4

7 15 16.7 15 16.72 -1.72 2.96 0.18

2

8 10 8.36 10 8.36 1.64 2.69 0.32

9 1 2.52 1 2.52 -1.52 2.31 0.92

10 4 6.51 4 6.51 -2.51 6.30 0.97

11 13 7.98 13 7.98 5.02 25.20 3.16

12 3 3.99 3 3.99 -0.99 0.98 0.25

13 0 1.44 0 1.44 -1.44 2.07 1.44

14 1 3.72 1 3.72 -2.72 7.40 1.99

15 5 4.56 5 4.56 .0.44 0.19 0.04

16 6 2.28 6 2.28 3.72 13.84 6.07

x2c 33.81
Step-3: Degree of freedom

Level of significance 5%

Degree Of Freedom is (n) & 5% level of

significance

(16) & 0.05 level of significance

Step-4: Table value

Table value at 16 D.O.F and 0.05 level of significance is 0.04

(lower bound) and 9.95 (upper bound)

Step-5: conclusion

Xcal > Xtab

(33.81) > (9.95)

H0 is rejected.

Thus extent amount to take loan is dependent of income level of customers.

 11.) SUGGESTION

► The bank can introduce advance technology for banking and should

give attention to Manpower time to time.

► The bank can promote confidence and commitment among the staff

members, to address the expectations of the customers efficiently and

handle technology banking with simplicity.

► The bank can take steps to forecast the changing financial need of

customer of different type of group and banking accordingly.

► The bank can identify the reason of few unsatisfied group of customer

and should take steps to eliminate their problems and grievances.

► The bank can put together all it hard work to bring more
responsiveness and awareness to customers.
 12.) RESEARCH FINDING

→I found that customer is more preferring or favoring personal loan because

it is easily available.

→30% customers prefer education scheme.

→customers are satisfied with services & other banking facility provided
so they are ready to deal but then also the bank is working in very
sound condition in every situation.

→70% of customers belongs to services & agriculture in this area

farming is the main occupation as well as young people are also going
for small wage jobs in the urban area.

→the customer ratio of urban & rural area are 2:3 means 40% customers are

from urban & 60% customers are from rural area.

 13.) CONCLUSION

After having all the required information for preparing my

report, I have tried to analyze each and every function of the JCCB.
During my report all the staff member of the JCCB had well co-operate
me. And also I have found that the there is a very good level of
commitment in all the staff members. During my report I have try to cover
each functional area related to the bank and specially loan department.

After having clear idea about everything In the bank, I can

conclude that the JCCB is one of the leading firm in the co-operative and
commercial sector, and with advanced technologies and educated staff
to try to positioning in the banking market. But than also due to such
weaknesses of co-operative sector JCCB bank is also suffering from
such limits.

So, at last we can conclude that the JCCB is being leader

in the market & bank is getting great goodwill in the market and also
great goodwill of the other director helps to the bank in creating good
image in the field of the bank.
 14.) LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

1. On account of time constraint whole spectrum of long term

lending practices was not possible.

2. Inaccurate and inadequate information might have resulted to

wrong interpretation.

3. Only a very few no. of respondent were interviewed to get the

information.

4. Accounting information is another constraint.

5. Many time customers are not ready to give private information to

the researchers.
 15. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STUDY

The above study can be helpful to the bank in various ways. Through
these research, the bank know that customer as well as employees are
satisfy with the service which provided by bank.

Due to these research, the customer as well as employee needs are

knowing and then implement that so that the more customer are join and
firm are grow up easily. To know current position of the bank and how to
implement the various service who aspect by the customer as well as
employees.
 16.) SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1. The study is mainly concentrated on the lending practices pattern and

influence in the organization performance.

2. Enables the company to know its current position.

3. The study helps in ascertaining people’s response on bank lending

4. To be aware about the customer requirement.

NAME: _ AGE: _

1. What is your the occupation?

□ Business man □ Employee

□ Profession □ Retired person

2. What is your the income level per annum?

□ more than 10 laces. □ Between 5 & 10 laces.

□ Between 2 & 5 laces. □ Up to 2 laces.

3. Which types of loans were taken by you?

□ Industrial loan □ Pledge

□ Consumption loan □ Staff consumption loan

□ Vehicle loan □ Gold loan

□ Building loan □ Consumable loan

□ Machinery loan □ Bill purchase

□ Hypothecation-cash credit

4. What is the time period of your loans?

□ 1 to 3 year □ 3 to 8 year

□ 8 to 15 year □ 15 to 25 year
5. What is your age?

□ 18 to 35 year □ 35 to 60 year □ 60 to 90 year

6. Which is another bank from you borrowed other loans?

□ UBI □ ICICI □ HDFC

□ AXIS □ BOB □ OTHER

□ NO ANOTHER LOAN

7. What is your education qualification?

□ Up to HSC □ Up to Graduation

□ Up to Post Graduation □ More than post graduation

8. What is your maximum extent to take loans?

□ Less than 100000 □ between 100000 & 500000

□ Between 500000 & 1000000 □ More than 1000000

9. Are the interest rates acceptable?

□ Yes □ No

10. What is the behavior of staff members?

□ Excellence □ Good
 □ Adequate □ Average

□ Unsatisfactory

11. Is your loan secured?

□ Yes □ No

12. Is there any hidden cost of loan?

□ Yes □ No

13. How much amount would you like to pay as monthly installment
for yourloans?

14. Are the processing charges and administration charges acceptable?

□ Yes □ No
 18.) BIBILIOGRAPHY

For preparing this project report, I have taken guidance from

various sources which are as follows:

1. BOOKS &JOURNALS:

► PADMANATHA SURESH & JUSTIN PAUL, “MANAGEMENT OF

BANKING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES”, PEARSON EDUCATION

PUBLISHING PVT, DELHI, THIRDEDITION, 2010.

► VASANT DESAI,”THE INDIAN FINANCIAL SYSTEM AND

DEVELOPMENT”,

HIMALAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE, MUMBAI, SECOND REVISED

EDITION, 2010

► □C.R.KOTHARI,”RESEARCH METHODOLOGY”, NEW DELHI, NEW AGE

INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, SEVANTH EDITION 2010

2. by Searching
Sites:
www.jccb.com

3. BROCHURES OF JIVAN COMMERCIAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK