1

THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL

TRADE PROJECT

PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A MODERN ZERO GRAZING UNIT

PRESENTER NAME: MELVIN NEKESA BARASA

INDEX NUMBER: 5031111364

CENTRE NAME: THE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC

CENTER CODE: 503111

COURSE CODE: 2707/305

COURSE NAME: CIVIL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT: BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING

PRESENTED TO: THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION

COUNCIL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF

DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING.

SUPERVISOR: MR. SIKOTO JUMA

DATE OF PRESENTATION: NOVEMBER 2024

2

DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE

I declare that this report is entirely my original work and has not been presented in certificate,

diploma or degree course in this or any other college or institution of higher learning

SIGNED ---------------------------------------- DATE---------------------------

MELVIN NEKESA BARASA
DECLARATION BY THE SUPERVISOR
This research project has been submitted for examination with my approval with a
faculty/departmental supervisor.
Signed ---------------------------------------- Date---------------------------
MR. JUMA SIKOTO
Lecturer
The Kitale National Polytechnic
3

DEDICATION
I Melvin Nekesa would like to dedicate this Diploma Research project first to Almighty God

for giving me life and good health during the time of carrying out this research. Dedication

also goes to our head of department, our class tutor and all the entire community of Kitale

national polytechnic. May this work inspire you to greater heights of exploration in your

desired professional fields.

4

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I take this time to thank our Supervisor Mr. Juma Sikoto for his guidance, encouragement and concern for

me. I would like to acknowledge his inspirational instructions and guidance and the initial impetus to

study of my project of in construction of modern zero grazing unit.

5

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

S.M METRE SEQUARE
L.M LENGTH IN METRS
D.P.C DAMP PROOF COUSE
D.P.M DAMP PROOF MEMBRANE
CONC CONCRATE
C.M CUBIC METRE
DTT DITTO
6

ABSTRACT
Due to modernized technology, I decided to design and construct a modern zero
grazing with purpose of providing good environment for the cows at Kitale
National Polytechnic.
This was to increase the production rate of the milk in the school hence making the
Kitale National Polytechnic main supply of animal products like milk and meat.
Within the Kitale National Polytechnic there is a large space for animal grazing
and has good pasture for animal therefor it requires a good equipped zero grazing
and this will increase the production of milk in the school hence making Kitale
national polytechnic main supply of animal production like milk and meat.
The zero grazing unit will be constructed in such a way that it will be able to
accommodate fifty dairy cattle in which each cow will have its own cubicle shade.
The cubicle of zero grazing shade will have three distinct areas that’s:
1. The resting and sleeping cubicle
2. The cattle walking or manure places
3. The cattle forage, feeding and watering place
THE RESTING AND FEEDING UNIT
Each animal will have its own compartment for feeding and resting. Separation
between compartments will be done by wooden rails or posts.
The floor for resting place will be constructed using ordinary soil or murram then
stamped to make it firm. The soil can be replaced if dirty or worn out. The floor of
the sleeping area will be raised 25cm above the level of walking and manuring
place.

MANURE PLACE
This will be constructed solidly with concrete due to the self-weight of animals.
Mix cement, sand and ballast ratio of 1:2:3.
The slope should be towards the end of the building where manure is stored in a pit
about 4-5m away from the unit.
This project of constructing a zero grazing unit will help solve problems within the
Kitale National Polytechnic like:
7

a) Continuous production of firm products like milk

b) Minimize space by making one distinct place for animals
c) Help in storage of farmyard manure production
d) Help the students undertaking agriculture courses be able to learn more
about dairy firming within the school
STEPS TAKEN TO CONSTRUCT THE UNIT
1. Clearance of site and leveling is taken
2. Foundation and trenches dug
3. Blinding layer laid on foundation of ratio 1:3:6
4. Foundation wall constructed
5. Reinforced concrete slab slopping in the middle for easy drainage of manure
6. Construction of wall about 5feets
7. Posts or grills are placed at interval of 3m along the wall that will help to
receive the roof.
In between the resting place and the feeding place that’s where the animals will be
walking, the place will be made opened with no roofs on top. This is to provide
enough sunlight to the animals.

Trough feeds and water points will be constructed along the wall for each animal.
8

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 SURVEYING
2.1 PROCEDURE IN CHAIN SURVEYING
The following requirements are needed during chain surveying:
I. Chain or measuring tape
II. Ranging rods and offsets rods
III. Pegs
IV. Wooden hammer
V. Arrows
VI. Field book and pencil for note taking

RECONNAISSANCE
Before studying the survey, the measurements, the surveyor should walk around the area to
generalized the survey place and locate the positions. This was done by the field team.
During reconnaissance reference sketch of the ground is prepared and generally the lines,
principle features such as buildings and roads are shown.
2.3 MARKING AND FIXING OF SURVEY STATIONS
i. After selecting the stations, they should be marked for easy re-identification The
following are methods of marking stations:
I. In soft ground, wooden pegs are driven leaving small labeled projection above
the ground
II. Nails or spikes in case of roads or streets, in such cases they should flush with the
casement
RUNNING SURVEY LINES
After having completed the work chaining may be started from baseline or
mainstream. The work of running survey lines is:
Chain the line
i. Locating adjacent details
BOOKING FIELD STUDY

A book which the chain or tape measurements are entered is called afield book.
It is an oblong book of size 20cm by 12cm and it opens length wise. The chain
line may be represented by either a single line or two lines spaced about 1.5-2cm
apart
Double-line filled book is commonly used for ordinary work the distance along
the chain being entered between two lines of the page.
9

Single line filled book is used for comparatively large works, offsets are entered
in order that they appear along the chain line.
Every chain line must be started from fresh page and all pages must be
numbered. At the beginning of any particular of chain
Survey, the following details must be given:
i. Details of the surveyor lines
ii. Page index of survey lines
iii. Date of the survey and name of the surveyor
iv. A general sketch of the layer of the survey lines

2.6 PLOTTING ACHAIN LINE

In general, the scale of plotting survey is chosen before the survey is started.
The scale chosen depends on the purpose of survey, the extend of survey and
the finances availing.
The plan must be so oriented that of survey lines lies and should be centrally
placed.
After rotating it the survey stations may be then picked. To begin
10

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031110662

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A MODERN DATE JULY 2024

ZERO GRAZING UNIT

2.7 COUNTOURING
The reduced level which has earlier been calculated is used plotting of contours. The
interpolation was made for the purpose of plotting the contour line
Contour interval 1.000
No of contour 8
Highest contour 1829.917
Height difference {Highest contour- lowest contour}
[1829.906-1821.917]
=7.981
CONTOURS USED
1822.00
1823.00
1824.00
Scale used in plotting contour
11

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031110662

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A MODERN DATE JULY 2024

ZERO GRAZING UNIT

LEVELLING SHEET
B.S I.S F.S H.C R.L REMARKS

1.548 1.950 1857.548 1856.00

2.500 1.950 1858.118 1855.618 C.P1

1.100 3.100 1856.118 1855.18 C.P 2

2.980 1853.138

Sum F.S LRM

Sum B.S-sum F.S -2.862 =1853.138

5.148-8.01=-2.862 F.R.L 1856.138

-2.862

CHEKED TBM manhole

3.665 1855.582 1851.913 A0

3.450 1852.132 A1

3.090 1852.492 A2

2.648 1852.934 A3

2.398 1853.184 A4

2.278 1853.304 A5

1.982 1853.600 A6

1.808 1853.774 A7

1.720 1853.862 A8

1.519 1854.063 A9

1.438 1854.144 A10

1.201 1854.381 A11

12

1.098 1854.484 A12

1.040 1854.542 A13

1.015 1854.567 A14

0.910 1854.672 B0

0.892 1854.90 B1

0.890 1854.92 B2

0.910 1854.72 B3

1.545 1854.037 B4

1.565 1854.017 B5

1.548 1854.034 B6

1.571 1854.011 B7

1.950 1853.632 B8

2.230 1853.352 B9

2.350 1853.232 B10

2.520 1853.062 B11

2.702 1852.880 B12

3.061 1852.521 B13

3.292 1852.290 B14

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031110662

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A MODERN DATE JULY 2024

ZERO GRAZING UNIT

B.S I.S F.S H.C R.L REMARKS

3.050 1852.532 C0

2.820 1852.762 C1
13

2.710 1852.872 C2

2.270 1852.312 C3

2.150 1853.432 C4

2.130 1853.452 C5

2.039 1853.543 C6

1.519 1854.065 C7

1.555 1854.027 C8

1.555 1854.027 C9

1.535 1854.047 C10

0.840 1854.742 C11

0.889 1854.693 C12

0.901 1854.681 C13

0.854 1854.728 C14

0.880 1854.702 D0

0.882 1854.700 D1

0.865 1854.717 D2

0.829 1854.753 D3

1.520 1854.062 D4

1.549 1854.033 D5

1.540 1854.042 D6

1.550 1854.032 D7

1.104 1853.478 D8

2.090 1853.492 D9

2.090 1853.492 D10

1.101 1853.481 D11

2.325 1853.257 D12

2.830 1852.752 D13

2.970 1852.612 D14

14
15

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031110662

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A MODERN DATE JULY 2024

ZERO GRAZING UNIT

LEVELLING SHEET
B.S I.S F.S H.C R.L REMARKS

1852.864 E0

2.718 1853.357 E1

2.225 1853.493 E2

2.089 1853.479 E3

2.103 1853.481 E4

2.101 1853.464 E5

2.118 1854.042 E6

1.540 1854.057 E7

1.525 1854.052 E8

1.530 1854.093 E9

1.489 1854.737 E10

0.845 1854.697 E11

0.880 1854.702 E12

0.889 1853.693 E13

0.865 1854.717 E14

0.868 1854.714 F0

0.875 1854.707 F1

0.861 1854.721 F2

0.869 1854.713 F3

1.448 1854.094 F4

1.528 1854.054 F5
16

1.515 1854.067 F6

1.517 1854.065 F7

2.091 1853.491 F8

2.108 1853.474 F9

2.109 1853.473 F10

2.085 1853.497 F11

2.182 1853.400 F12

2.729 1852.853 F13

2.983 1852.599 F14

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031110662

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A MODERN DATE JULY 2024

ZERO GRAZING UNIT

B.S I.S F.S H.C R.L REMARKS

3.100 1852.482 G0

2.698 1852.884 G1

2.180 1853.402 G2

2.092 1853.490 G3

2.110 1853.472 G4
17

2.112 1854.470 G5

2.095 1853.487 G6

1.530 1853.052 G7

1.500 1853.082 G8

1.512 1853.070 G9

1.491 1853.091 G10

0.889 1854.693 G11

0.842 1854.740 G12

0.869 1854.713 G13

0.875 1854.707 G14

2.440 1853.42
18

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 SOIL INVESTIGATION
INTRODUCTION
The aim of soil investigation was to determine the characteristic and nature of the soil on the
proposed site.
It was required to carry out analysis of the test.Soil samples were collected from the proposed
site which was 1m deep pits were dug different points on the site, the soil auger was used for
digging the soil and the soil sample was taken to the laboratory for the test.
Sampling of the materials were put into 3 bags of about 15 kgs each and a label tag was attached
to each sample bag bearing the material site number and also the test pits. After the sampling,
test pits are then backfilled so as not to en danger the lives on the site.
3.1 LABARATORY ANALYSIS
From the field the material was taken to the laboratory where it was air dried. The derived box
was used to obtain representation sample (riffing method).
From the field the material was taken to the laboratory where it was dried, the derived box was
used to obtain the representation sample
The laboratory reference numbers were given to the samples in which the opposite portion were
taken and the rest disregarded more over the portion collected were again remixed and passed
again through deprival box and the sample taken while the opposite remaining samples was
disregarded.
The samples taken was then remixed and used for the purpose of testing in the laboratory and the
sample was subjected to the following test:
i. Sieve analysis
ii. Proctor compaction
iii. Atternberg limit

3.2 PROTOCTOR COMPACTION TEST

3.3 KG RAMMER METHOD

SCOPE
 The test covers the determination of weight of dry soil per cubic meters over arrange of
moisture contents including that required to give a maximum dry density.
 It was carried out to determine the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density
that soil should be exposed.
 Three test were carried out in each sample.
19

APPARATUS USED.

i. 2.5 KG rammer
ii. 20mm BS sieve
iii. Weighing balance, readable to 1g
iv. Metal straight edge
v. Scoop
vi. Troughs
vii. Moisture tins
viii. Cylindrical mold -105mm diameter and 115.5mm height, giving volume of 0.001m3
ix. Collar
x. Moisture book
xi. Dry oven
xii. Measuring cylinder
xiii. Steel knife for extracting the specimen from the mould
Procedure

 Take 200 of air dry soil from the material passing 20mm BS sieve and mix with a
suitable amounts of water (calculated from 4%of the total weight of the whole
sample) thoroughly in the metal tray.
 The mould with the base plate attached was weighed
 Place mound’s with collar attached on a solid base and add the most soil in three
equals layers and apply 27 bows of 2.5KG ram per layer, disturbing the blows
uniformly all over the soil surface (the rammer falls through a distance of 300mm
above the soil)
 The collar was removed and the compacted soil strucked level with mould using
steel rod.
 The mould and soil with the base plate attached was then weighed
 The compacted soil was then removed after weighing from the mould using a
steel rod
 The specimen was broken down and mix thoroughly with a small portion
 Further sample of 2000g were taken and the process was repeated using an
increasing amount of water at 4%,atotal of 5 test were carried out in each three
samples
 The samples initially put on on the moisture tin left were left in an oven to dry up
 The weight of dry soil and tin was recorded.
20

CALCULATIONS
1. Bulk density P in kg/m3 of each compacted sample was calculated from this
equation
P=M2 –M1
0.001
Where:
M1=Mass of mould +base (kg)
M2=Mass of mould +base soil (KG)
2.The dry density in kg /m3 was calculated from this equation
Pd=P
1+W
Where:
P is dry density
W is moisture contents of soil

The percentage moisture of contents corresponding to the maximum dry density

on the curve was reported as the optimum moisture content to the nearest 0.1%

The amount of stones retained on the 20mm BS sieve was reported to the nearest
1%

The method of obtaining the result was started as BS 2.5 kg rammer method
SIEVE ANALYSIS
Sieve analysis method is usually used in soil classification
Apparatus
Soil sample
i. Plates
ii. Ruffle box
iii. Moisture tin
iv. Weighing balance
v. Water
vi. Soaking tank
vii. Sieve no. 600um,425um150um,2mm,1.18mm,1mm
viii. Sodium hexamethaphosphate
21

PROCEDURE

1) The sample material should be passed through sieve 20mm for road material
and 10mm for alignment

2) The samples required for a test was passed over the ruffle box to get a
representative sample

3) Weigh the representative sample about 1000g to be used for sieve analysis

4) Add water plus sodium hexamethaphosphate at the weighed sample and soak
the overnight to enable the separation of particles

5) Wash the soaked samples through wet sieves no.2 and 75um to pass through
2mm and retained on 75um

6) The sample required for test is then put on on the pan and put in the oven for
24 hours to gain the dry moisture

7) Arrange the sieves no’s 1mm, 1.18mm, 2mm, 600um, 425um, 300um, 150um
and 75.0um respectively.

8) Sieve samples through the sieves and weigh the remnants retained on each
sieve and weigh on an electrical weighing machine.

3.4 ATTERNBERG LIMITS

This was carried out to identify the plasticity index of the sample, however the
Cass grade method was used and three tests were performed in each sample.

APPARATUS

i. 425 um BS sieve
ii. Glass plate
iii. Moisture tins
iv. Cassagrande machine
v. Pallet knives
vi. An oven
vii. Woolen
viii. Trough weighing balance
22

3.5 PLASTICITY LIMIT

PROCEDURE

 The air dried was passed through 425um BS sieve


 Prepare and mix a quantity of thick soil

 After being allowed to stand for 2 hours, a golf ball sized portion of the paste is remixed
until it forms a plastic ball

 The ball was then successively divided to produce eight specimens

 One of the specimen was taken and rolled into a ball and then it was rolled o a glass sheet
to form a thread of soil

 Rolling was done using the palm fingers with light pressure

and was continue until the diameter of the thread reaches 3mm was reached at this point
the moisture content of the thread fragments was determined
 The same process was carried out on all the eight specimens and the average moisture
stated as the plastic limit

3.6 LIQUID LIMIT

Cassgrade method of determining liquid limit was used

PROCEDURE
The soil was first dried sufficiently for it to be broken up by a mortar and pestle

 The soil was then sieved and only the material passing a 425um mesh sieve were taken
for testing
 The sample was then mixed thoroughly with distilled water into a smooth thick paste for
about 10 minutes
 The soil paste was then placed in the dish and levelled off parallel with the rubber base
 The standard grooving tool was drawn though the soil paste to form the groove
 The number of the blows required for this was recorded
 After that a small portion of the paste was taken and its moisture content found
 The whole procedure was then repeated with the paste mix having differents moisture
content for all three samples
The graph was drawn of moisture content against numbers of blows.
23

3.7 SHRINKAGE
Formula of calculating shrinka
The sample was taken at the 20th rotation hence
Shrinkage % =rate of shrinkage x100%
Original length
130-132 x100
130
=6.15%
Sample ii
Original length =140mm
New length =128mm
=140-128 x100 =8.57%
140
Sample iii
Original length =140mm
New length =125mm
140-125x100
140
=10.7%
SIEVE ANALYSIS SAMPLE I
Sieve size mm weight retained Weight retained % Weight passing%

4.750 1.2 0.41 99.88

2.360 3.5 1.21 98.80

2.000 1.6 0.55 99.40

1.180 14.0 4.81 95.19

1.000 7.7 2.65 97.35

0.800 11.7 4.02 95.98

0.600 4.0 1.37 98.63

0.425 27.4 9.40 90.59

0.300 19.6 6.73 93.27

0.150 37.8 12.99 87.02

0.75 16.5 5.74 42.26

Weight of wet sample =296.2g

24

Weight of dry sample =279.1

Weight of a tin =107.2
Percentage =weight retained
Dry weight
1.2 x100
279.1
0.41%returne
Passing % =100-0.41
99.8
SIEVE ANALYSIS II
Sieve size mm Weight retained Weight retained% Weight passing %

4.75 0 0 100

2.360 2.3 0.98 99.02

2.000 1.3 0.45 99.55

1.180 2.3 0.80 99.20

1.00 7.0 2.44 97.56

0.800 10.5 3.66 96.34

0.600 16.2 5.65 94.35

0.425 22.2 7.74 92.25

0.300 18.4 6.42 93.58

0.150 33.3 11.62 88.38

0.75 15.3 5.34 94.66

Weight of wet sample =286.7g

Weight of dry sample =271.2g
Weight of a tin 105
SIEVE ANALYSIS SAMPLE III
Sieve size mm Weight retained Weight retained % Weight passing %
25

4.750 0.00 0.0 100

2.360 0.00 0.0 100

2.000 0.00 0.0 0.00

1.180 9.7 3.46 96.54

1.000 6.7 2.39 97.61

0.800 17.0 6.10 93.93

0.600 24.6 8.78 91.22

0.425 32.3 11.53 88.47

0.300 24.4 8.71 91.29

0.150 38.8 13.85 86.15

0.75 14.1 5.03 94.97

Weight of wet sample 280.1g

Weight of dry sample 265.1g

Sample No 1 1 1 1 1 1

Container No K1 K2 K3 K3 K4 K5

Mass of wet soil+ container {m2 16.5 22.5 20.7 18.5 19.1 209

Mass of dry soil+ container[m2] 6.8 21.6 14.6 17.4 16.O 15.4

Mass of container[m1] 1.7 6.8 6.7 9.6 6.3 9.10

Mass of moisture[m2-m3] 21.7 1.5 8 1.6 1.2 1.1

Mass of dry soil[m3-m1] 12.7 13.7 12.7 6.9 8.6 6.5

Moisture content w=m2-m3 x100 11.6 12.7 8.7 13.7 12.4 28.3

M3-m1

Depth of sample 1.6 1.6 2.4 1.9 2.5 1.0

26

BS 1377:1975

Form C
Liquid and plastic limit
Liquid limit using the casagrand apparatus
Site:
Hall for indoors games
Borehole
No 1
Depth
sample:2m
Sample
NO
Operator Evans kasiano
Date 6/5/2024
Description of soil Red soil
Test details: properties of sample retained on 425 um BS test sieve………..
Soil condition: natural moisture content air dried unknown
Delate as appropriate.
Liquid limit machine No………..
Soil equilibrated with water for………
Test No 1 2 3 4 5

Type of test W.W W.W W.W W.W W.W

No of blows {liquid limit test} 58 28 14 11 9

Container No.

Mass of wet soil+ container g 20.7 22.9 19.8 21.7 25.5

Mass of dry soil + container g 19.8 19.6 12.9 19.8 18.9

Mass of container g 11.8 17.9 9.8 11.9 15.9

Mass of moisture g 3.8 3.8 3.7 6.9 3.7

27

Mass of dry soil g 6.7

Moisture content g 3.9 6.9 6.9 6.5 2.8

9.8 11.8 6.5 9.8

Type of test: natural moisture content {N}Liquide limit {LL}, Plastic limit {PL}

BS 1377:1975

Form C
Liquid and plastic limit
Liquid limit using the casagrand apparatus
Site:
Hall for indoors games
Borehole
No 1
Depth
sample:2m
Sample
NO
Operator Evans kasiano
Date 6/5/2024
Description of soil Red soil
Test details: properties of sample retained on 425 um BS test sieve………..
Soil condition: natural moisture content air dried unknown
Delate as appropriate.
Liquid limit machine No………..
Soil equilibrated with water for………
Test No 1 2 3 4 5
Type of test W.W W.W W.W W.W W.W
No of blows {liquid limit test} 58 28 14 11 9
28

Container No.
Mass of wet soil+ container g 20.7 22.9 19.8 21.7 25.5
Mass of dry soil + container g 19.8 19.6 12.9 19.8 18.9
Mass of container g 11.8 17.9 9.8 11.9 15.9
Mass of moisture g 3.8 3.8 3.7 6.9 3.7
Mass of dry soil g 3.9 6.9 6.9 6.7 2.8
Moisture content g 9.8 11.8 6.5 6.5 9.8
Type of test: natural moisture content {N}Liquide limit {LL}, Plastic limit {PL}
29

BS 1377:1975

Form M
Dry density/moisture content relation
2.5kg/4.5kg {rammer method}
Site:
Hall for indoors games
Borehole
No 2
Depth
sample:2m
Sample
NO
Operator Evans kasiano
Date 6/5/2024
Description of Black cotton
Single/separate /sample
Amount retained on 20mm BS test sieve
Total mass of sample

Test number 1 2 3 4 5
Mass of mould +base +compacted 5930. 6021. 6520.0 6530 6515
specimen{m2} 45 0 .0 .0
Mass of mould + base{m1} 4863. 4863. 4863.5 4863 4863
7 7 .5 .5
Mass of compacted specimen{m2-m1} 776.8 786.6 1178.3 1256 1152
.5 .2
Bulk density p=m2-m1 0.78 0.87 2.4 2.4 2.4
1000
30

Moisture content container No. A1 A2 A3 A4 A5

Moisture content 9.98 10.7 14.0 15.0 16.0
Dry density p= 100p 0.49 0.56 0.78 2.01 2.02
100/w
mg/m3
31

BS 1377:1975

Form C
Liquid and plastic limit
Liquid limit using the casagrand apparatus
Site:
Hall for indoors games
Borehole
No 1
Depth
sample:2m
Sample
NO
Operator Evans kasiano
Date 6/5/2024
Description of soil Red soil
Test details: properties of sample retained on 425 um BS test sieve………..
Soil condition: natural moisture content air dried unknown
Delate as appropriate.
Liquid limit machine No………..
Soil equilibrated with water for………
Test No 1 2 3 4 5
Type of test W.W W.W W.W W.W W.W
No of blows {liquid limit test} 57 27 13 10 9
Container No.
Mass of wet soil+ container g 20.7 22.9 19.8 21.7 25.5
Mass of dry soil + container g 19.8 19.6 12.9 19.8 18.9
Mass of container g 11.8 17.9 9.8 11.9 15.9
32

Mass of moisture g 3.8 3.8 3.7 6.9 3.7

Mass of dry soil g 3.9 6.9 6.9 6.7 2.8
Moisture content g 9.8 11.8 6.5 6.5 9.8
Type of test: natural moisture content {N}Liquide limit {LL}, Plastic limit {PL}
100 100

90 90 90 90

80 80 80 80

70 70 70 70

60 60 60 60

50 50 50 50

40 40 40 40

30 30 30 30

20 20 20 20

10 10 10 10
33

clay fine medium coarse fine Mediu coarse fine mediu coarse cobbles
m m
salt sand gravel
Site: Hall for indoors game
Borehole number 02
Sample No 02
Depth of sample 2m
British standard test sieves
34

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS
35

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031111364

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A MODERN DATE JULY 2024

ZERO GRAZING UNIT

4.1 DIMENTION SHEET

WORK TO FOUNDATION
Site clearance S.M
Top soil S.M
Trench excavation S.M
Backfilling S.M
Dewatering S.M
Timbering item
Planking S.M
Leveling and compacting S.M
Blinding S.M
Concrete in trench S.M
Foundation wall S.M
Hardcore S.M
Leveling and compacting hardcore S.M
Treat surface of hardcore S.M
Blinding layer S.M
D.P.M S.M
Floor slab S.M
Formwork to edge S.M
Render to plinth S.M
36

Paint to plinth S.M

D.P.C
Backfilling C.M

DIMENSION SHEET
37

DIMENSION SHEET
38

L W
16.800
33.294
Less 400 400
wall
2x200
32892 1400

32.89 250mm thick hardcore filling to raise level

16.4 Level and compact surface of hardcore
And
Treat surface of hardcore with approved inspector
33.29 And
16.8 50mm thick blinding

500mm gauge d.p.m polythene

P.c 1:3:6 in 125mm thick ground slab

BACKFILL M. GIRTH
39

2
3322+16800=50092
Add 100184
corners 10000
-500
100.5 100684
0.25 Ddm
0.18 Remove from site
And
Backfill

PITCHED ROOF
Wall plate L.M
Bolts, knot’s, washes
Drill holes – No in timber
Tie beam –L.M
Struts, ties –L.M
Rafter – L.M
Ridge board –L.M
Polythene sheets –S.M
Chicken wire –S.M
Battens –L.M
Roof covering –L.M
Half round cover –L.M
40

Fascia board –L.M

Runners – L.M

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031111364

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A DATE JULY 2024

MODERN ZERO GRAZING UNIT

DIMENSION SHHET
WALL PLATES
2/33.29 Length -33292
No of joint-4

2/2/0.01 {100x50 in wall plate bedded on cement sand mortar}

BOLTS AND NUTS

No of bolts
Assume at 500mm center to center
500/33292+1 =67
2/67/1 Fungated or fish tail=250
41

12mm m.s bults with nuts and washes 250mm with one
end fish tailed
And
Drill 150mm holes in wall for bolts
And
Ditto in 50mm thick timber for 12mmdiameter bolt

No of tress
1800/33292 +1=19
The following is 10x10 trusses including hoisting and fixing at
a height of 3.3m from c.t
NOTE: All timber will be well seasoned cypress

Add2/200 TIE BEAM

Eaves 16446

2/50 400
100

16946
No of joist =2
10/16.95
150x150mm tie beam
10/0.25
42

DIMENTION SHHET
10/2 350mm long scarf joint in ditto including flying all round with flat bar

STRUT LENGTH
Sin 22.5=5
56.48
S=5648sin22.5

2161.4MM

TIE LENGTH
S22.5=21614
2161.4
Tie

Tie=2161.4
Sin22.5
56.48
RAFTER
19/2/22.61 Cos22.5=8923/R
19/2/5.6 R=9659
No
600/33292+1
=56 rafter
100x50mm strut
Ditto ties
43

DIMENSION SHEET

56/2/5.90 Ditto rafter

Ridge board length
5.20 33292
1000
Add/walls 34292
2/20
0
2/20
4 joints
0
{175x25mm ridge board 350mm long scarf joint in ditto
add}
34.29
2/0.3
5 500 gauge polythene underlay
And
Chicken wire
4/2 And
475x330mm mareba tiles laid 22.5 degree slop

Rafter =1968/gauge +1
No of bolts 9658+1
200
=48
 44

40x40mm battens

250mm and half ridge cover include bedding in matching

34.29
34.29 MORTAR
Fill ends ditto with matching mortar

BILL OF QUANTITY
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES
AND BUSINESS,ENERGY AND
INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
ELEMENT NO.1
SUBSTRUCTURE
(All Provisional)
NOTES
1 The Tenderer's
attention is
drawn to the
Preliminaries
Contract
Particulars
Clause 8.0
which states
that the
 45

Standard
Method of
Measurement
is the June
2008
Edition. Per
Clause D5(g)
of this S.M.M
all
excavations in
this BoQ have
been
measured
NET
and no
allowance has
been made for
working space
and the
tenderer is
shall price for
the
excavations
accordingly.
Cement for all
Structural
Works in these
2 Bills of
Quantities shall
strictly be
Grade 32.5
Cement for
Non-Structural
Works in these
3
Bills of
Quantities shall
be Grade 32.5
4 All
Reinforcement
in these Bills of
Quantities shall
be
to BS
4449:1997 with
the following
characteristic;
46

a)
Grade 460 B
high strength
type 2 Ribbed
bars with
proof stress of
460N/mm²;
allow for
cutting,
bending,
hoisting and
fixing
including all
necessary
trying wires
and spacer
stools;
Substructures 2/1
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
SUBSTRUCTURES
(CONT'D)
Excavations &
Earthworks
Excavate to
remove top
vegetable soil
A m2 106
average 150mm
deep; remove
from site
Excavate to
reduce levels,
not exceeding
B m3 49
1.5 m deep
from stripped
level
Excavate for
strip
foundations not
C m3 46
exceeding 1.5 m
deep from
reduced level
D Ditto for stub m3 22
Column Bases
not exceeding
1.5 m deep
47

from reduced
level
Allow for
keeping
excavations free
from water by
baling or
E pumping as Item
required
including
provision of
drains, etc., as
described
Allow for
maintaining and
supporting sides
of
F excavations and Item
for keeping free
from fallen
materials
as described
Disposal
Backfilling
around
G m3 10
foundations &
columns
Load and cart
H away surplus m3 32
spoil
Imported filling
300mm Thick
approved
I hardcore under m2 105
floor bed well
compacted
40mm Thick
Murram or
J quarry dust m2 105
blinding to
hardcore
Carried to Collection Kshs.
SUBSTRUCTURES
(CONT'D)
Damp proof
48

membrane as
described :-
Substructures 2/2
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
1000 Gauge
polythene sheet
damp-proof
A m2 105
membrane to
horizontal
surfaces
Anti-termite
treatment
Chemical anti-
termite
treatment
executed by an
approved
specialist under
B a ten-year m2 105
guarantee to
horizontal
surfaces of the
floor slab and
around the
plinth, e.t.c.
Concrete Class
( 1:3:6 ) in 50mm
thick blinding
under :-
Strip
foundations for
C m2 40
masonry
walling
D Column bases m2 19
Vibrated reinforced
concrete class 25 in:
E Colum Bases m3 5
F Columns m3 1
Strip
G m3 7
foundations
H Ground beams m3 3
150 mm Thick
I m2 105
bed
Reinforcement
Reinforcement to BS
49

4449:1997 with the

following
characteristic; a)
Grade 460 B high
strength type 2
Ribbed bars with
proof stress of
460N/mm²; allow for
cutting, bending,
hoisting and fixing
including all
necessary trying
wires and spacer
stools
J Assorted Bars Kg 1,800
Carried to Collection Kshs.
SUBSTRUCTURES
(CONT'D)
Substructures 2/3
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
Steel mesh
fabric
reinforcement to
B.S. 4483
Ref. A142 Layer
of fabric mesh
reinforcement
A m2 105
laid in
bed with 150mm
side and end laps
Sawn formwork
to:
Sides of column
B m2 22
bases
C Sides of column m2 19
Sides of strip
D m2 32
foundations
Sides of ground
E m2 30
beams
Edges of floor
F beds 150 - m 54
225mm high
Quarry dressed
natural stone
walling in
50

cement sand
mortar (1:3)
with minimum
crushing
strength of 7.0
N/mm2
200mm Thick
G m2 54
walling
1000 Gauge
polythene sheet
damp proof
course laid on
and including
cement sand
(1:3) levelling
screed
H 200mm Wide m 44
Cement sand
( 1:4 ) render
to :-
12mm Thick
I render to wall m2 12
externally
Prepare and
apply two coats
of bituminous
paint to :-
Rendered walls
J m2 12
externally
Carried to
Kshs.
Collection
Substructures 2/4
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
COLLECTION
Page No. 2/1
Page No. 2/2
Page No. 2/3
TOTAL FOR
SUBSTRUCTURES
KSHS.
CARRIED TO
SUMMARY
Substructures 2/5
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
51

UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES
AND BUSINESS,ENERGY
AND INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
CLASSROOM BLOCK
ELEMENT NO.2
RC SUPERSTRUCTURE
Concrete Class 25mm in:-
3000mm high
A Timber No 38
Columns
Wrot treated prime grade cypress
Ditto as Ring
B m 60
Beams
TOTAL FOR RC
SUPERSTRUCTURE
CARRIED TO SUMMARY
RC Superstructure 2/6
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES
AND BUSINESS,ENERGY
AND INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
ELEMENT NO.4
ROOF CONSTRUCTION,
COVERINGS
AND RAINWATER
DISPOSAL
ROOF CONSTRUCTION
The following in sawn softwood
timber including
fabricating, hoisting and fixing in
position
approximately 12,000mm above
ground floor level as
52

per Structural Engineer's drawing

Sawn cypress
Rates to include all necessary
bolting and/or nailing
100 x 50 mm
A m 311
rafters
100 x 75 mm
B m 101
Tie beams
150 x 100 mm
C m 42
Wall plate
75 x 50 mm
D m 198
Purlins
75 x 50 mm
E m 204
Struts & Ties
100 x 50 mm
F m 14
Members
Carried to Collection Kshs.
RC Staircase 2/7
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
ROOF(CONT'D)
Wrot treated prime
grade cypress
38mm thick
tongued and
grooved eaves
filling V
jointed and
secretly nailed
A m 49
onto and including
50mm x
50mm sawn
cypress brackets
with mosquito wire
gauze in between
225mm x 38mm
thick fascia board
B m 49
fixed onto ends of
rafters
ROOF
COVERINGS
C Roof covering as m2 152
28 gauge versatile
roofing Sheet
including roof
vents to suppliers
53

recommendations
ridge board to
D m 18
match roof sheet
600 mm wide ditto
E valley flashing m
four times bent
Extra over roofing
F sheet for raking m 14
cutting
Prepare surfaces
and apply one coat
of aluminium
wood primer and
two finishing coats
of gloss oil paint
on:
General wood
G m2 15
surfaces
Wood surfaces 200
H m 20
- 300mm girth
Carried to
Kshs.
Collection
RC Staircase 2/8
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
ROOF(CONT'D)
Rainwater goods
200mm wide x
200mm deep
(600mm girth )
prepainted
gauge 24
galvanised iron
A gutter fixed onto m 49
fascia board
with approved
mild steel straps
at every
1,000mm
centres
Extra over ditto
B No. 4
for stopped ends
C Ditto for No. 6
forming 150mm
x 150mm hole
for down
54

pipe
150mm x
150mm
prepainted
gauge 24
galvanised iron
rain water down
D pipe fixed onto m 12
walls with
approved
mild steel
support brackets
at 1,000mm
centres
Carried to
Kshs.
Collection
RC Staircase 2/9
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
(ROOF CONT'D)
COLLECTION
Page No. 2/1
Page No. 2/2
Page No. 2/3
Page No. 2/4
TOTAL FOR
ROOF
KSHS.
CARRIED TO
SUMMARY
RC Staircase 2/10
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY. RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES
AND BUSINESS,ENERGY
AND INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
ELEMENT NO. 5
EXTERNAL WALLS
Wrot treated prime grade timber
in
A Ground floor m2 99
55

walls
Approved local natural
stonework; squared and
machine dressed;bedded in
cement mortar (1:4);
reinforced with 25mm wide x
20mm gauge hoop iron
strapping every alternate course
200mm Thick
B dwarf walling
m2 62
Damp proof course
C 200mm wide m 42
Carried to Collection Kshs.
External Walls 2/14
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY. RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
EXTERNAL
WALLS
(CONT'D)
COLLECTION
Page No. 2/2
TOTAL FOR
EXTERNAL
WALLS KSHS.
CARRIED TO
SUMMARY
External Walls 2/15
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY. RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES
AND BUSINESS,ENERGY
AND INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
ELEMENT NO. 5
INTERNAL WALLS
Wrot treated prime grade timber
in
Ground floor
A walls
m2 48
Approved local natural
stonework; squared and
56

machine dressed; bedded in

cement mortar (1:4);
reinforced with 25mm wide x
20mm gauge hoop iron
strapping every alternate course
200mm Thick
B dwarf walling
m2 42
Damp proof course
C 200mm wide m 28
Carried to Collection Kshs.
External Walls 2/14
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY. RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
INTERNAL
WALLS
(CONT'D)
COLLECTION
Page No. 2/2
TOTAL FOR
INTERNAL
WALLS KSHS.
CARRIED TO
SUMMARY
External Walls 2/15
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES
AND BUSINESS,ENERGY
AND INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
ELEMENT NO. 8
DOORS
Steel Doors
Supply and fix the following steel
casement door
fabricated from 50mm x 25mm x
3mm thick
Rectangular Hollow Section
( R.H.S) mild steel
framing in filled with 14 gauge
mild steel sheet factory
57

primed in red oxide or zinc

chromate primer including
6mm thick clear glass infill
complete with all necessary
purpose made ironmongery, and
locks to Architect's
details and approval
Size 900 x
A 2400 mm high No. 1
door
Carried to Collection Kshs.
Doors 2/19
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY RATE KSHS. CTS.
NO.
DOORS
(CONT'D)
Ironmongery
Supply and fix
the following
ironmongery as
applicable
or equal and
approved
ironmongery with
matching
Rubber door
A Set 1
stopper
Painting and
decorating
Touch up primer,
prepare and apply
three coats of
gloss
oil paint to
B Metal surfaces m2 6
Carried to
Kshs.
Collection
COLLECTION
Page No. 2/1
Page No. 2/2
TOTAL FOR
DOORS
KSHS.
CARRIED TO
SUMMARY
Doors 2/20
ITEM SHS. CTS.
58

NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND
FISHERIES AND
BUSINESS,ENERGY AND
INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 2
SUMMARY PAGE NO.
1. SUBSTRUCTURES 2/5
2. RC SUPERSTRUCTURE 2/1
3 ROOF 2/12
4 EXTERNAL WALLS 2/4
5 INTERNAL WALLS 2/4
6 DOORS 2/2
TOTAL FOR MAIN BLOCK
CARRIED TO KSHS.
SUMMARY
Summary 2/26
ITEM
DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY. KSHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES AND
BUSINESS,ENERGY AND
INDUSTRY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES
SECTION NO. 3
CLASSROOM BLOCK
PRIME COST AND
PROVISIONAL SUMS
PRIME COST SUMS
Allow a Prime
Cost Sum of
Kenya
Shillings Two
Hundred
A Sum 200,000 00
Thousand for
Electrical
Installations
and KP&L
Connection
B Allow a Prime Sum 100,000 00
59

Cost Sum of
Kenya
Shillings one
Thousand
for water
trough and
feeding trough
Allow a Prime
Cost Sum of
Kenya
C Shillings Two Sum 200,000 00
Hundred
Thousand for
Contingencies
TOTAL FOR PRIME COST
AND PROVISIONAL
KSHS. 500,000 00
SUMS CARRIED TO
SUMMARY
PC and Provisional Sums 3/1
ITEM
SHS. CTS.
NO.
PROPOSED ZERO GRAZING
UNIT FOR
DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE,LIVESTOCK
AND FISHERIES AND
BUSINESS,ENERGY AND
INDUSTRY
MAIN SUMMARY PAGE NO.
1. PRELIMINARIES 1/26
2. MAIN BLOCK 2/25
3 PROVISIONAL SUMS 3/1
TOTAL CARRIED TO FORM
KSHS.
OF TENDER
THE RATES IS INCLUSIVE
OF V.A.T
TOTAL CARRIED FOR 1NO
UNITS
Main Summary MS/1
60

EXAMINER KENYE NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL NAME MELVIN NEKESA

BARASA

COLLEGE KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INDEX NO 5031111364

COURSE DIPLOMA IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISOR MR.SIKOTO JUMA

PROJECT A PROPOSED CONSTRACTION OF A DATE JULY 2024

MODERN ZERO GRAZING UNIT

4.3 ABSTRACT SHEE

Clear the site of all bushes, underground and burn all arising on site s.m [8.64]
Excavate vegetable soil average 150mm and deposited 10m away and n.e 6km from the s.m site
[597.96]
Allow for p/s and removal of ground water from the excavation s.m [22.87]
Plain concrete [14..8]50mm in foundation trenched and dedicated backfill and remove from site
s.m [82.92]
V.R.C [1:2:4]in foundation trenched S.M [16.58]
V.R.C [1:2:4] 1N 200MM thick floor slab and 500gauge polyphone as D.P.M and BRC A142 in
floor slab S.M [570.00]
Exv foundation tranches 1.6m deep commencing from stripped level and backfill C.M [26.7]
Ditto but n.e 1. M deep but n.e 4m deep and backfill C.M [1.025]
200mm thick conc block wall budded and jointed in c/s mortar [1:3] as described and deducted
backfill and add load remove from site
s.m [222.4]
Sawn formwork to edges of floor slab concrete [75mm- 150mm] L.M [189.0]
12mm DIAMETER high yield bars in foundation conc L.M [560.5]
300MM thick hardcore filling to raise the level and compacted the surface of hardcore and
treated the surface of the hardcore with approved anti- termite S.M [542.36]
100mm thick marram blinding material approved and recommended by the Engineer and level
and compacted the surface of blinding to obtain an even surface to receive D.P.M S.M [542.36]
61

4.4 WORK STATEMENT

NUMBER OPERATION METHODES AND PLANT LABOUR REMARK

SEQUENCY
1 Exca top soil Use 2 8 Loading the
aprox300mm excavator[machine]0.15 excavate spoil shear
1500mm backed start immediately
leveling from excavation begins
excavated
ground level
2 Concrete in Use tilting down mixer 1 4skilled To be down in 3
vertical with 5min cycle time a 8unskilled day+
columns 0.3m3 capacity.
efficiency
62

4.5 SITE ORGANIZATION

4.6 SITE LAYOUTPLAN
TOILET WATER POINT OFFICE STORE

WARKES ROOM

Building

GATE

3.2.0 ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENT.

For the project it is required to prepare the following:
A site plan showing all the existing features and proposed development on contoured map
 A plan elevation and sections at critical points e.g. stair cases, showing all the
constructional details
 Prepare doors and windows schedule
3.3.0 WATER SUPLY AND WASTE DISPOSAL FOR THE PRPJECT
 Determine the water requirement and provide a suitable elevated water storage tank
 Provide a suitable drainage system and estimate the quantity of waste water
63

 Connect drainage to existing drainage system

3.4.0 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENT
Design a detail and provide bar bending schedule for;
 Typical beams
 Typical upper reinforced concrete floor slab
 Typical column and columns bases
3.5.0 QUANTIES
For the project
 Take off all the quantities for all the substructure works up to and including DPC
 Prepare the bill of quantities for all the items
 Measure the quantity for the pitch roofs
3.6.0 ESTIMATING AND COASTING
 Build up unit rate for roofs only
 Price the bill team above
3.7.0 SITE ORGANISATION AND ADMINISTRATON
For the project:
Prepare a method statement
 Prepare site layout plan showing access to site security, store material areas, toilet and
changing room