ISTANBUL KÜLTÜR UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

ENGLISH PREPARATORY PROGRAM

2024-2025 ACADEMIC YEAR

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL

WRITING PACK – B1+ Level

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 0
1. Expanding the Paragraph (Long Answer)
The paragraph consists of three parts: a topic sentence, supporting sentences (the body), and
a concluding sentence. Notice these three parts in the model paragraph.

Short answer – Climate Change

Climate change is indeed a real and urgent problem. Firstly, scientific research consistently
shows that our planet's temperatures are rising, causing more frequent and severe weather
events like hurricanes and wildfires. Secondly, the melting polar ice caps and rising sea levels
threaten coastal communities and ecosystems. Additionally, the impacts of climate change, such
as food shortages and water scarcity, are already affecting many people around the world. In
conclusion, addressing climate change is crucial for the well-being of our planet and future
generations, and urgent action is needed to mitigate its effects.

➢ Now compare the short answer with the long answer below. What are the changes and
how is the long answer different?

Long answer – Climate Change

Climate change poses a significant and pressing threat to our planet and demands
immediate attention and action. This text will discuss the scientific evidence supporting climate
change, its detrimental consequences, and the imperative need for global cooperation to
combat it.
One of the most compelling reasons to recognize climate change as a real and urgent
problem is the extensive scientific evidence supporting it. Researchers worldwide have
consistently documented rising global temperatures, with the past few decades being the
warmest in recorded history. This increase in temperature is primarily attributed to human
activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, which release greenhouse gases
into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, leading to a greenhouse effect that warms the
planet. The overwhelming consensus among climate scientists underscores the reality of climate
change, making it imperative that we acknowledge its existence and take immediate action.
The consequences of climate change are already evident and serve as a stark reminder
of its urgency. One notable consequence is the increasing frequency and severity of extreme
weather events, including hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires. Additionally, the melting of polar
ice caps and the subsequent rise in sea levels pose a significant threat to coastal communities
and ecosystems. Furthermore, climate change exacerbates global food and water shortages,
impacting vulnerable populations worldwide. These tangible consequences highlight the
pressing need to address climate change comprehensively and swiftly, as its effects continue to
intensify.
In conclusion, climate change is undeniably a real and pressing problem that demands
our immediate attention and concerted efforts to combat.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 1
 Table: Expanding Short Answer into Long Answer

Title

Thesis Statement

Topic Sentence
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail

Topic Sentence Concluding Sentence

Supporting Sentence Topic Sentence

Supporting Detail
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail
Supporting Detail
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail
Supporting Detail
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail
Supporting Detail
Supporting Detail
Concluding Sentence
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail Topic Sentence
Supporting Detail
Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail
Concluding Sentence Supporting Sentence
Supporting Detail
Concluding Sentence

Concluding statement

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 2
 2. Thesis Statement
A thesis statement is a concise and specific sentence or two that summarizes the main
point or argument of an essay, research paper, or any other piece of academic or
persuasive writing. It serves as a roadmap for your readers, giving them a clear idea of the
central theme or purpose of your work. A well-crafted thesis statement is crucial because it
helps you stay focused on your main point and provides readers with a clear direction for
what to expect in your writing. Here's how to write a good thesis statement:

1. Be Specific: Your thesis statement should be specific and not vague or general. It
should address a single, clear idea or argument. Avoid making broad statements that
are difficult to support or argue effectively.
2. Make It Arguable: A strong thesis statement is one that can be debated or challenged.
It should express a viewpoint or take a position that is open to discussion. A thesis that
is self-evident or indisputable does not make for a compelling argument.
3. Provide Clarity: Your thesis statement should be clear and easy to understand. Avoid
using jargon or overly complex language. Your readers should immediately grasp the
main point of your work when they read your thesis statement.
4. Take a Stand: A thesis statement should present your stance or position on the topic. It
should answer the "so what?" question by stating why your argument or perspective
matters.
5. Make It Concise: Keep your thesis statement concise and to the point. It should
typically be one or two sentences long. Avoid unnecessary words or phrases that don't
contribute to the clarity of your statement.
6. Consider Placement: In most academic writing, the thesis statement is usually placed at
the end of the introductory paragraph. However, depending on the type of essay or
paper you're writing, it may appear elsewhere, such as in a longer research paper or a
persuasive essay.
7. Revise and Refine: Your thesis statement is not set in stone. It's okay to revise and
refine it as you work on your essay or research paper. Sometimes, as you develop your
ideas and gather evidence, your thesis may evolve to better reflect your argument.

➢ Here's an example of a good thesis statement for an essay about remote learning:

“Remote learning presents several drawbacks for students, including reduced social
interaction, potential distractions, and challenges in staying motivated and focused.”
This thesis statement is specific, arguable, clear, takes a stand, and provides a roadmap for
the essay's main points.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 3
 ➢ Please analyse the thesis statement examples below:

1. "Exercise is essential for maintaining good health for several reasons."

2. "The internet has revolutionized the way people communicate and access information."
3. "Banning smoking in public places is a positive step toward improving public health."

4. "Reading books is a great activity for many reasons."

5. "This essay will discuss why school uniforms are essential."

6. "Social media platforms offer both opportunities and challenges, as they connect
people globally, but also raise concerns about privacy, cyberbullying, and

misinformation."
7. "Maintaining a healthy work-life balance is essential for overall well-being, as it allows

individuals to prioritize their personal lives, reduce stress, and improve job satisfaction."

These thesis statements cover a range of topics and demonstrate clear, arguable positions that
can serve as the foundation for further discussion and development in essays or discussions.

➢ Practice 1 Thesis Statements

Put a check mark in front of the sentences that are thesis statements. If a sentence is not a
thesis statement, explain why.

_______ 1. Japanese cars are better than _______ 6. A Mitsubishi is a Japanese car.
American cars.

_______ 2. Students who work while they are ________ 7. There are both advantages and
studying meet a lot of people, and their disadvantages to working while you are an
professors also work hard. undergraduate.

_______ 3. I’m going to show you why seat ________ 8. Work-study programs have more
belts are necessary. advantages than disadvantages.

_______ 4. Are seat belts necessary? ________ 9. Work-study programs: an analysis.

_______ 5. Wearing a seat belt can save your ________ 10. In this essay, I will compare
life. working on campus and working off campus.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 4
3. Body Paragraphs

The body paragraphs are a crucial part of any text, as they contain the main content and
provide support for your thesis statement or central argument. Here’s a step-by-step guide on
how to write effective body paragraphs:

➢ Start with a Clear Topic Sentence: Begin each body paragraph with a clear and
concise topic sentence. This sentence should introduce the main point or argument
you'll be discussing in that particular paragraph. It serves as a roadmap for the
reader, indicating what to expect in that paragraph.
➢ Provide Supporting Evidence or Examples: After the topic sentence, provide
evidence or examples that support the point you're making in that paragraph. This
evidence can take various forms, such as statistics, facts, expert opinions, quotations
from texts, anecdotes, or real-life examples. Be sure to cite your sources if you're
using external information.
➢ Explain and Elaborate: Don't assume that the reader will automatically understand
how your evidence relates to your argument. Take the time to explain the
significance of the evidence and how it supports your point. Elaborate on the details
and provide context so that the reader can see the logical connection.
➢ Consider Counterarguments (Optional): To make your argument stronger, you can
choose to address potential counterarguments within your body paragraphs.
Acknowledge opposing viewpoints and then explain why they are less valid or
persuasive than your own argument. This shows that you've considered different
perspectives and strengthens your argument.
➢ Use Transitional Phrases: Use transitional phrases and words to connect your ideas
within and between paragraphs. This helps create a smooth flow and ensures that
your writing is coherent and easy to follow. Common transitional words and phrases
include "furthermore," "in addition," "however," "on the other hand," and "in
conclusion".
➢ Maintain a Clear Structure: Each body paragraph should have a clear structure: topic
sentence, evidence, explanation, and, if relevant, a discussion of counterarguments.
This structure helps you maintain organization and clarity in your writing.
➢ Stay Focused: Keep each body paragraph focused on a single point or argument.
Avoid straying off-topic or including unrelated information. This helps maintain the
clarity and relevance of your essay.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 5
 ➢ Vary Your Evidence: Use a variety of types of evidence to support your points. Mix
statistics, examples, anecdotes, and expert opinions to provide a well-rounded and
persuasive argument.
➢ Maintain a Formal Tone and Style: Regardless of the essay's type or topic, maintain
a formal tone and style. Avoid slang, overly casual language, or overly emotional
language. Use a tone that is appropriate for the academic or professional context of
your essay.
➢ Proofread and Revise: After writing your body paragraphs, review and revise them
for clarity, coherence, and grammar. Ensure that each paragraph contributes to the
overall strength of your argument and that there are no errors that could distract
the reader.

The number of body paragraphs in your writing will depend on the length and complexity
of your topic as well as the number of your supporting sentences. Each paragraph should
contribute to the overall persuasiveness and coherence of your argument, and they should all
support your thesis statement.

4. Concluding Statements

A concluding statement, also known as a conclusion, is a vital part of any writing. It

serves to wrap up your ideas, summarize your main points, and leave a lasting impression on
the reader.

➢ Here's how to write an effective concluding statement for your essay:

1. Restate Your Thesis Statement: Begin your conclusion by restating your thesis statement,
but rephrase it in a way that adds depth or nuance. This reminds the reader of your main
argument or purpose.
2. Summarize Your Main Points: Summarize the key points or arguments you made in your
body paragraphs. Be concise and focus on the most critical aspects of your argument. You
don't need to rehash every detail; instead, provide a brief overview.
3. Connect Your Points: After summarizing your main points, connect them back to your
thesis statement. Explain how each of these points reinforces or supports your central
argument. Show the reader how everything you discussed in the writing fits together
logically.
4. Leave a Lasting Impression: Your concluding statement should leave a lasting impression
on the reader. You can do this by providing a memorable closing thought, a thought-

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 6
 provoking question, or a call to action related to your topic. This helps engage the reader
and leaves them thinking about your main message.
5. Avoid Introducing New Information: A crucial point to remember is not to introduce new
information or arguments in your conclusion. The conclusion is not the place to bring up
new ideas or evidence; it should only summarize and reinforce what you've already
discussed.
6. Keep It Concise: Your concluding statement should be concise and to the point. Avoid
unnecessary repetition and wordiness. Aim for clarity and brevity to make your conclusion
effective.
7. Proofread and Edit: Always proofread and edit your conclusion to check for any
grammatical or spelling errors. A well-written conclusion should be polished and error-
free.

➢ Here's an example of a concluding statement for a long answer on the importance of

environmental conservation:

“In conclusion, the preservation of our natural environment is not just a matter of choice; it
is an ethical and practical imperative. The time for change is now, and by working together,
we can make a significant difference in the world we leave behind.”

This concluding statement effectively summarizes the main points of the writing and
leaves the reader with a call to action, emphasizing the urgency of the topic and the need for
collective responsibility.

➢ Practice 2 Short vs Long Answer

Compare the short answer and the long answer on the following page. How are they
different? How are the supporting sentences given in each answer?

Short Answer – Studying Individually

I prefer studying individually over studying in a group. When I study alone, I can
concentrate better on my work. I usually find a quiet, comfortable spot where I can fully immerse
myself in my studies. This solitude allows me to set my own pace, and I can tailor my study
sessions to my personal preferences. I often use various study materials, such as textbooks,
online resources, and notes, to cater to my learning style. Furthermore, I appreciate the flexibility
to revisit and review complex topics as many times as necessary until I grasp them completely.
There are no external distractions, and I can maintain a disciplined routine. In summary, studying
individually offers me the ideal environment to stay focused, absorb information thoroughly,
and maintain control over my study habits.
IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 7
Long Answer – Title: Individual Study vs Group Study: My Preference

Thesis Statement: This essay will explore the reasons why I prefer to study individually. I find
that studying alone helps me stay focused and lets me customize my learning more effectively.
I'll also mention how it reduces distractions and gives me the freedom to learn at my own pace.

Body Paragraph 1: One of the primary reasons why I prefer studying individually is the ability
to maintain concentration. When I study alone, I can select a quiet environment free from the
bustle of a group setting. This solitude allows me to immerse myself completely in my studies,
without the risk of being interrupted by conversations or interruptions. I can organize my study
materials and choose the most suitable learning resources, be it textbooks, online materials, or
my personal notes. Such focus aids me in comprehending and retaining the study material
effectively.

Body Paragraph 2: Individual study empowers me to customize my learning process according

to my preferences. I am free to set my study pace, changing it as required for challenging topics
or quickly passing through familiar ones. Furthermore, the flexibility of individual study allows
me to revisit complex subjects as many times as necessary until I fully grasp them. This
adaptability aligns with my learning style, so I can engage with the material in a way that suits
me best. It makes me feel like I'm in control of my education and helps me guide my learning.

Conclusion: In conclusion, my preference for individual study stems from the benefits it offers
in terms of concentration and tailored learning experiences. While group study has its merits, I
find that the individual approach aligns better with my learning style, providing the best
environment for academic success.

➢ Practice 3 Outlining/Planning Long Answer

Long Answer Topic: Is chipping of animals ethical?

Chipping Animals: Ethical or not?

Chipping animals has become a topic of discussion, with some arguing it as a useful and
ethical practice. In this essay, I will present my opinion in favour of chipping animals,
emphasizing the benefits and ethical considerations.
Chipping animals is a responsible way to ensure the safety of our beloved pets. It greatly
increases the chances of reuniting lost animals with their owners, sparing them from potential
harm and suffering on the streets. Because pets are more vulnerable to harm than their stray
friends, this proves to be beneficial. Additionally, microchipping is a quick and virtually painless
procedure, similar to a routine vaccination, which means it causes minimal discomfort to our
furry friends while providing maximum benefits in terms of their safety and well-being. Knowing
IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 8
 that our pets have a better chance of being found gives us peace of mind as responsible pet
owners.
While some raise concerns about privacy, it's important to note that animal chipping is
not invasive in the same way that human tracking devices are. These chips do not constantly
monitor animals but rather provide a means to identify them when necessary. The ethical
responsibility lies in how the technology is used and protected from misuse.
In my view, the key to addressing ethical concerns is responsible regulation. Chipping
animals should be conducted by licensed professionals who prioritize the well-being of animals.
Furthermore, strict regulations should ensure that the technology is only used for its intended
purpose – the safety and welfare of animals. This way, we can maintain the benefits of chipping
while mitigating potential ethical issues.
In conclusion, chipping animals is an ethical practice when done responsibly and with
the welfare of animals in mind. It enhances pet safety and the chances of reuniting lost animals
with their owners.

This long answer is a good example because it has a clear and organized structure with an
introduction, three well-developed body paragraphs, and a conclusion. This structure makes it
easy for the reader to follow the argument. The essay effectively conveys the author's viewpoint,
supports it with evidence, and addresses counter-arguments, making it a well-structured and
persuasive piece of writing.

➢ Now, let’s outline this text:

Chipping Animals: Ethical or not?

I. Thesis Statement: In this essay, ____________________________________________________________

II. Body
A. Paragraph 1
Topic Sentence: ___________________________________________________________________________
➢ Supporting Sentence 1:
________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Detail(s): ________________________________________________________________

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 9
 ➢ Supporting Sentence 2:
_________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Detail(s): ________________________________________________________________
➢ Conclusion: ___________________________________________________________________________

B. Paragraph 2
Topic Sentence: ___________________________________________________________________________
➢ Supporting Sentence 1:
________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Detail(s): ________________________________________________________________
➢ Supporting Sentence 2:
________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Detail(s): ________________________________________________________________
❖ Conclusion: ___________________________________________________________________________

C. Paragraph 3
Topic Sentence: ___________________________________________________________________________
➢ Supporting Sentence 1:
_________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Detail(s): ________________________________________________________________
➢ Supporting Sentence 2:
_________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Detail(s): ________________________________________________________________
❖ Conclusion: ___________________________________________________________________________

III. Conclusion:

Concluding Statement: In conclusion, ______________________________________________________

5. Opinion Long Answer

An opinion long answer is a formal piece of writing. It requires your opinion on a topic,
which must be stated clearly, giving various viewpoints on the topic supported by reasons
and/or examples. Be ready to warm up your thinking by evaluating various opinions and reasons
and then determine which are strong and which are weak to support your point of view.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 10
Writing the Long answer
Your long answer should have a thesis statement, a main body, and a concluding statement.

Thesis Statement
In your thesis statement you must state your opinion clearly. Phrases like ‘In my
opinion, ... / In my view, ... / I strongly believe ... / I see it ... / It seems to me (that) ... / As far as
I am concerned, ... / I am (not) convinced that ... / My opinion is that … / I (firmly) believe … / I
(definitely) feel / think that ... / I am inclined to believe that ...’ will help you organize your
thesis statement.

Main Body
In the body of your long answer, you need to support your thesis statement. Write two
paragraphs, each presenting a separate point of view supported by reasons. Start each
paragraph with a topic sentence – the main idea you will back up with arguments. Make sure
you do not begin a new paragraph because the one you are writing right now is too long. Begin
a new paragraph only when you want to discuss a new idea.

While writing, pay special attention to:

• tense – normally you should use present tenses in this type of long answer;
• linking words – use different expressions for giving reasons (one reason for ... is ... / many
people believe that ... / since ... / due to ...), expressions stating opinions (to my mind, ... /
I am convinced that ... / from my point of view, ...), and expressions adding ideas (first of
all, ... / secondly, ... / what is more, … / finally, ... ), etc.;
• formal vocabulary – do not use idioms, phrasal verbs or colloquial expressions;
• formal punctuation – do not use exclamation marks, parentheses and contractions;
• citing sources where necessary.

Concluding Statement

To conclude your opinion long answer, write a final sentence where you restate your
opinion using different words. You should avoid introducing a new idea or apologizing for your
views. However, to make your long answer more engaging, you can end with a warning, ask a
provocative question or suggest consequences.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 11
Proofreading

When you complete your long answer, evaluate different aspects to make sure that your work
is just excellent:
1. Grammar – make sure you use the same tense throughout the long answer.
2. Vocabulary – check whether you use linking words and avoid slang.
3. Spelling and capitalization – check if all the words are written correctly.

This is the structure of your opinion long answer:

Thesis Statement

state the topic and your opinion / position clearly

Main Body
Paragraph 1

Supporting Sentence 1 & reason, example

Paragraph 2

Supporting Sentence 2 & reason, example

Concluding Statement
summarize / restate opinion

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 12
Tips

1. Introduce your essay by restating the question in your own words.

2. If the essay asks you “to what extent do you agree?”, make your opinion clear
throughout. You can either agree, partially agree or disagree with the statement,
explaining and justifying your opinion.
3. The structure should be:
o Introduction
o The first reason why you agree/disagree
o The second reason why you agree/disagree
o The third reason why you agree/disagree (if you have one)
o Conclusion
4. Use phrases to organize and link your ideas, e.g. First …, In addition …, The first thing to
consider is …, A further reason …, In conclusion ....
5. If you do not have solid evidence for your ideas, use modal verbs such as might, may or
could (e.g., they could develop more empathy and care) or other tentative phrases (e.g.,
it does not appear to be an effective punishment).
6. Conclude by restating your opinion and summarizing your two or three main arguments.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 13
 ➢ Practice 1 Analyzing a Model Long Answer
Read the model below and complete the paragraph plan, identifying the topic of each body
(supporting) paragraph. Then, replace the linking words or phrases in bold type with other
synonymous ones.
Topic: "Although the position of women in society today has improved, there is still a great deal
of sexual discrimination." Do you agree?
Model Opinion Long Answer
Sexual Discrimination
Throughout this century, the role of women within society has changed, and the majority
of people feel that the change is for the better; nonetheless, in my opinion, there is still a great
deal of sexual discrimination against women within society, and the belief that sexual equality
has been achieved is not altogether accurate.
To begin with, many women find it very difficult to return to work after having children.
The main reason for this is that there are rarely any provisions made for childcare in the
workplace. In these cases, women are forced to find someone to look after the children while
they are at work. Obviously, this can prove to be a time-consuming and expensive process, yet
it must be done if mothers are to be able to resume their careers.
Secondly, the traditional views of the position of women within society are so deeply
ingrained that they have not really changed. For instance, not only is the view that women
should stay at home and look after their family still widely held, but it is reinforced through
images seen on television programs and advertisements. An example of this is that few men
are ever seen doing housework on television, since this is traditionally thought of as "a woman's
job".
Taking these points into consideration, I would say that despite some changes in the
attitudes, sexual discrimination still remains a problem which we all need to face and fight
against.

I. Thesis Statement
_________________________________________________________________________________________
II. Body
A. Paragraph 1
Topic sentence:
_________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Sentence 1:
_________________________________________________________________________________________
▪ Supporting Detail(s):
______________________________________________________________________________

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 14
 ❖ Supporting Sentence 2:
_________________________________________________________________________________________
▪ Supporting Detail(s):
____________________________________________________________________________
B. Paragraph 2
Topic sentence:
________________________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Sentence 1:
________________________________________________________________________________________
▪ Supporting Detail(s):
_____________________________________________________________________________
❖ Supporting Sentence 2:
________________________________________________________________________________________
▪ Supporting Detail(s):
_____________________________________________________________________________
III. Concluding statement
➢ Restatement of the thesis statement:
________________________________________________________________________________________

➢ Practice 2 Topic Sentences

Read the following model long answer entitled: Recycling. Do you agree or disagree with the
argument that recycling is important? Support your opinion with arguments and examples.
Then, do the task that follows.

Task: Fill in the long answer with the topic sentences given below.

A. Many people argue that the actual process of collecting and recycling materials is
expensive and unnecessary.
B. To start with, it is very important for people to realize the damage that our rubbish is doing
on the environment.
C. Another important reason is that many forests are being destroyed due to paper being
wasted.

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 15
Model Opinion Long Answer
Recycling
Saving certain recyclable materials and taking them to recycling centers have become
part of the daily routine in many homes, and in my opinion, this should be encouraged for a
number of reasons.
____ 1 Our towns, rivers and seas are becoming more and more polluted with
household waste. This could easily be prevented if people took the time to sort, save and
recycle their rubbish.

____ 2 Hundreds of thousands of trees are unnecessarily cut down to make paper
products. Again, by recycling the paper that we would otherwise throw away we could reduce
this wastage.
____ 3 They say that special machinery is required and that many people have to be
employed to operate it, thus making recycling more expensive than simple waste disposal.
They forget, however, that recycling both creates jobs and is beneficial to the environment.
All points considered; I strongly believe that people should be made aware of the
benefits recycling can bring and should be encouraged to participate in programs that will
help create a cleaner world for everyone in the future.

Useful Language

To express opinion: I believe ... / In my opinion, ... / I think, In my view, ... / I strongly believe
... / I see it ... / It seems to me (that) ... / As far as I am concerned, ... / I am (not) convinced that
... / In my opinion/view, ... / My opinion is that … / I (firmly) believe … / I (definitely) feel/think
that ... / I am inclined to believe that ...
To list points: In the first place, ... / First of all, ... / To start with, ... / Firstly, ... / To begin with ...
To add more points: What is more, ... / Another major reason is ... / Also, ... / Furthermore, ... /
Moreover, ... / In addition to this/that, ... / Besides, ... / Apart from this, ... / Not to mention the
fact that ...

To introduce contrasting viewpoints: It is argued that ... / People argue that ... / There are
people who oppose ... / Contrary to what most people believe, ... / As opposed to the above
ideas, ...

To introduce examples: For example, ... / For instance, ... / ..., such as ... / In particular, ... / ...,
especially ...
To conclude: To sum up, ... / All in all, ... / All things considered, ... / Taking everything into
account, ...

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 16
B1+ (Long Answer / Opinion)

TOPIC: Many educators believe that digital learning tools and applications (Kahoot, Duolingo etc.)
allow students to improve their English outside the classroom.

Do you agree or disagree with the statement above? Why? Give two reasons.

• In the thesis statement, present the topic and your opinion clearly.

• In paragraph 1, write reason 1. Support your argument with explanations and examples.

• In paragraph 2, write reason 2. Support your argument with explanations and examples.

• In the concluding statement, summarize the topic.

Word limit: 200-250 words in total

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 17
B1+ (Long Answer / Opinion)

TOPIC: Teenagers have been strongly affected by advertising on social media, and these
advertisements have negative effects on what young people buy.

Do you agree or disagree with the statement above? Why? Give two reasons.

• In the thesis statement, present the topic and your opinion clearly.

• In paragraph 1, write reason 1. Support your argument with explanations and examples.

• In paragraph 2, write reason 2. Support your argument with explanations and examples.

• In the concluding statement, summarize the topic.

Word limit: 200-250 words in total

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 18
B1+ (Long Answer / Opinion)

TOPIC: Living in a small town makes people happier.

Do you agree or disagree with the statement above? Why? Give two reasons.

• In the thesis statement, present the topic and your opinion clearly.

• In paragraph 1, write reason 1. Support your argument with explanations and examples.

• In paragraph 2, write reason 2. Support your argument with explanations and examples.

• In the concluding statement, summarize the topic.

Word limit: 200-250 words in total

IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 19
IKU DFL 24-25 B1+ Level Writing Pack (compiled from various resources) 20