The vi editor (short for Visual Editor) is a text editor in Unix/Linux
systems used to create, edit, and view files. It’s a powerful tool for
editing configuration files, scripts, and general text. It operates in
two primary modes: command mode and insert mode.and total
eske pass 4 modes hote hai command mode,insert mode,execute
mode,read only mode
Command Mode in vi Editor
command mode is the default mode when you open a file. This
mode is used to navigate the file, delete or move text, search for
words, and execute various commands.
Real-time Use of Command Mode :
In real-time, command mode is widely used for editing system
configurations,scripts, and working with logs
Key Commands in Command Mode
1. Navigation Commands:
Here are the top 5 most commonly used navigation commands in
the vi editor:
1. h, j, k, l:
○ h: Move left (one character).
○ j: Move down (one line).
○ k: Move up (one line).
○ l: Move right (one character).
2. w and b:
○ w: Move to the beginning of the next word.
○ b: Move to the beginning of the previous word.
3. 0 and $:
○ 0: (this is zero)Move to the beginning of the current line.
○ $: (this is dollar)Move to the end of the current line.
4. G and gg:
○ G: (capital G) Go to the last line of the file.
○ gg: Go to the first line of the file.
5. Ctrl + f and Ctrl + b:
○ Ctrl + f: Scroll forward one screen.
○ Ctrl + b: Scroll backward one screen.
2. Editing and Deleting Commands:
● dd: Delete the entire current line.
● d$: Delete from the cursor to the end of the line.
● x: Delete the character at the cursor.
● u: Undo the last action.
● yy: Copy the current line (yank).
● p: Paste the yanked
● dw: Delete from the cursor to the beginning of the next word.
● cw: Change (replace) the current word (switches to insert
mode).
● r: Replace the character under the cursor.
● :set number
● line_number+Capital G =10G
3. Search and Replace Commands:
● /pattern: Search for a pattern in the file.
○ Example: /error searches for the word "error".
● n: Jump to the next occurrence of the searched pattern.
● N: Jump to the previous occurrence of the searched pattern.
● :%s/old/new: Replace all occurrences of old with new in the
entire file.
● :s/old/new: Replace the first occurrence of old with new on
the current line.
4. File Operations:
● :w: Save (write) the file.
● :q: Quit the editor.
● :wq: Save and quit.
● :q!: Quit without saving (force quit).
● :w [filename]: Save the file with a different name.
● :e [filename]: Open a new file within the same vi session.
5. Advanced Commands:
● J:(capital J) Join the current line with the next line.
● o: Open a new line below the current line and switch to insert
mode.
● O: Open a new line above the current line and switch to insert
mode.
