LEGAL CA
COMPENDIUM
Dec’23+jan’24
DEC’23 + JAN’24
Table of content
Table of content Page no.
TIMELINE REGARDING ABROGATION OF ARTICLE 370 1
SECTION 6A OF CITIZENSHIP ACT,1955 2
December Legal Current affairs 3-5
ALL INDIA JUDGES ASSOCIATION v. UOI 6
BILKIS YAKUB RASOOL v. UOI & ORS. 7
SOUTH AFRICA v. ISRAEL: ICJ ORDERS PROTECTION
8-9
MEASURES TO PALESTINE IN GAZA
JANUARY LEGAL CURRENT AFFAIRS 10-11
MCQ 13-24
1
TIMELINE
The election manifesto of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
for the 2009, 2014 and 2019 General Elections affirmed its intention
to abrogate Article 370.
The first Order issued on August 5, 2019, amended Article 367
which dealt with the interpretation of the Constitution. The
Order stated that the phrase ‘Constituent Assembly’ under
Article 370 shall be read as ‘Legislative Assembly’ of the State.
The next day, on August 6, 2023, the President issued the
second Order which held that Article 370 ceased to operate and
that Jammu and Kashmir was a part of the Union of India.
Following the abrogation of Article 370, on August 9, 2019,
Parliament passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act,
2019. This Act bifurcated the State into two Union Territories—
Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. The former had a legislative
Assembly and the latter did not.
The Supreme Court in December 2023 upheld the
constitutionality of the Union's abrogation of Article 370 which
removed the special status granted to Jammu and Kashmir.
2
SECTION 6A OF CITIZENSHIP ACT,1955
The Constitution benches, headed by Chief Justice DY Chandrachud, emphasized the
historical background and argued for a frozen-in-time interpretation. The hearing, which is
contesting the legality of Section 6A, is significant to the National Register of Citizens (NRC)
list that will keep going.
BRIEF HISTORY
A Constitution Bench led by the DY Chandrachud CJI, Surya
Kant J, J.B.Pardiwla J, Manoj Mishra J, M.M.Sundresh J, is The Assam National Register of
Citizens (NRC) was originally meant
hearing a series of petitions challenging the
to identify illegal immigrants in the
constitutionality of Section 6A of the Citizenship Act, 1955. state who migrated from
The Constitution Bench clarifies its focus is limited to Bangladesh after 24 March 1971,
examining the validity of Section 6A and not the Assam following the outbreak of war with
Pakistan.
National Register of Citizens (NRC).
The Assam Accord was a tripartite agreement between the Section 6A of the Citizenship
Central Government, the State Government of Assam, and Act was introduced to give
the leaders of the Assam Movement, which sought to end effect to the Assam Accord. It
the influx of illegal migrants from Bangladesh. provides the framework to
Section 6A created a special provision for Assam by which recognise migrants in Assam as
persons of Indian origin who came from Bangladesh before Indian citizens or to expel
them based on the date of
1st January 1966, were deemed to be citizens of India as of
their migration.
that date. On fourth day the judgment was reserved.
3
DECEMBER 2023
1.
Jitesh John has been selected as the
new Executive Director of the
IBBI
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of
India (IBBI).
2.
AB
The first time an elected MP Mahua
K S Moitra has been removed from the
House at the suggestion of the Lok
HA
LO
Sabha Ethics Committee.
4
DECEMBER 2023
3.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita replaced the
Indian Penal Code, the Bharatiya Nagarik
All three freshly passed criminal law Suraksha Sanhita replaced the Code of
legislation received the President’s Criminal Procedure in India, and the
Assent on December 25, 2023. Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam replaced
the Indian Evidence Act.
The Ministry of Electronics and Information 4.
Technology (MeitY) on December 26 issued a MeitY launched a second
second advisory to all social media
warning to social media networks
platforms, urging them to comply with the
regarding deep fakes.
Information Technology (IT) Rules amid
escalating concerns surrounding deepfakes
and artificial intelligence-generated
misinformation.
5
DECEMBER 2023
1.
The Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2023, The Lok Sabha has approved the bill which repeals
the Outdated Legal Practitioners Act. The Lok Sabha has passed the Advocates
(Amendment) Bill, 2023, which aims to repeal the Legal Practitioners Act of 1879 and amend
the Advocates Act of 1961.
2.
The Rajya Sabha has approved and passed both the Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election
Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service, and Term of Office) Bill, 2023.The CEC and ECs will
be appointed by the President upon the recommendation of a Selection Committee. The Selection
Committee will consist of the Prime Minister, a Union Cabinet Minister, and Leader of Opposition/leader of
the largest opposition party in Lok Sabha.
3.
The Telecommunications Bill 2023 was proposed to give the central
government broad authority and oversight over communication networks
All India Judges Association v. Union of
India
Bilkis Yakub Rasool v. Union of India
and Others
South Africa v. Israel: ICJ orders protection
measures to Palestinians in Gaza
6
ALL INDIA JUDGES ASSOCIATION V. UOI
Supreme Court has directed High Courts to form committees
to implement Second National Judicial Pay Commission
BRIEF
recommendations
In this case, a three-judge bench of Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud
and Justices JB Pardiwala and Manoj Misra has directed all High Courts in the
country to set up committees that would be responsible
The for implementing
various
the recommendations of the Second National Judicial Pay Commission with
respect to salaries and service conditions of members of district judiciary
and for dealing with grievances of judicial officers.
The Court has underscored that it is essential that judges are able to lead a
life with financial dignity to ensure judicial independence. It also said that it
would be wholly inappropriate to equate judicial service with the service of
other officers of the State.
Therefore it has ordered that a committee called the ‘Committee for Service
Conditions of the District Judiciary' shall be formed by every High Court in
the country.
7
BILKIS YAKUB RASOOL V. UOI & ORS.
The Supreme Court has quashed Gujarat government's
decision to allow premature release of convicts
BRIEF
A division bench of Justices BV Nagarathna and
Justice Ujjal Bhuyan has quashed the Gujarat REMISSION
government's decision to allow the premature
Under Articles 72 and 161 of the
release of eleven men convicted in the Bilkis Bano
Constitution, the President and
gangrape case.
Governors have the power to
The Court has held that the convicts who were set pardon, and to suspend, remit, or
free by the State have to report back to the jail commute a sentence passed by
authorities within two weeks. the courts.
It has said that the Gujarat government was not
REMISSION : Remission of a
empowered to pass the remission order since the
sentence essentially means the full
appropriate government entitled to pass orders of
termination of a sentence at a
remission was the government of the State where
reduced point. The government
the trial had taken place, which in this case was holds the power to suspend or
Maharashtra and not Gujarat. remit sentences under Section 432
of CrPC.
8
SOUTH AFRICA v. ISRAEL:
ICJ ORDERS PROTECTION
Fifteen of the seventeen judges on the ICJ bench including
MEASURES TO Indian-origin Judge Dalveer Bhandari were unanimous in issuing
PALESTINE IN GAZA these provisional protection measures
BRIEF
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) at Hague on 27th January issued a
series of provisional measures to protect the rights of Palestinians in the
Gaza Strip after finding that it was “plausible” that their rights under the
Prevention of Genocide Convention were being violated by Israel.
This order is not a final verdict in the matter but contains a series of
measures “to protect the rights claimed by South Africa that the Court has
found to be plausible.”
The order was passed after South Africa filed an application before the ICJ
alleging violations of the Genocide Convention by Israel in the Gaza Strip.
South Africa invoked the convention to argue that the recent acts of
aggression by Israel in Gaza amounted to a violation of the convention.
9
Can South Africa move against Israel?
The Genocide Convention has been ratified by an overwhelming
number of states, including South Africa (1998) and Israel (1950).
Article IX allows any state party to institute a case against another in
the ICJ, even if it is not directly involved in the conflict. This is because
the prohibition of genocide is considered a peremptory norm of
international law (jus cogens) from which no derogation is permissible.
This is the basis on which South Africa, a party that is technically
unrelated to the conflict, instituted the ongoing proceedings. For
instance, in December 2022, the Court ruled that Gambia could bring a
genocide claim against Myanmar for its treatment of the ethnic
Rohingya population.
10
JANUARY 2024
1.
Justice M. Fathima Beevi, the
Late Supreme Court Judge first woman judge of the
Justice Fathima M Beevi Supreme Court of India,
awarded Padma Bhushan passed away recently.
Born in 1927 in Kerala, she
overcame challenges in the
male-dominated legal field,
rising from advocate to
Supreme Court Judge.
2.
Justice Prasanna B Varale was
sworn-in as a judge of Supreme
Court . Now, the total strength of
the judges are 34
11
JANUARY 2024
3.
Supreme Court designates 56 lawyers as
senior advocates, 11 of them are
women. The first lawyer to be designated
as ‘Senor Advocate of the Supreme Court
was Justice Indu Malhotra. 4.
14th National Voting Day was
celebrated on 25th of January. The
theme for this year was ’Nothing
like voting, I Vote for Sure’.
5.
In a landmark event at Dr Ambedkar International
Centre, Vice-President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar
launched the nationwide campaign ‘Hamara
Samvidhan, Hamara Samman’ to mark India’s
75th year as a Republic.
12
Q1. When were the 3 new criminal bills granted
assent by the President?
1.31st December, 2023
2.26th December, 2023
3.25th December, 2023
4.1st December, 2023
The Indian Evidence Act was replaced by
Q2. which new bill?
1.Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha
Sanhita
2.Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita
3.Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
4.Bharatiya Suraksha Nagarik
Sanhita
13
Justice Fathima M. Beevi (the first woman judge of
Q3. SC) was recently awarded ____________ by the
Government of India.
1.Padma Shree
2.Padma Bhushan
3.Padma Vibhushan
4.Bharat Ratna
Q4. Which edition of the National Voting Day was
celebrated on 25th January?
1. 17th
2. 14th
3. 11th
4. 10th
14
Q5. Who was the first lawyer to be designated as the
“Senior Advocate of the Supreme Court of India”?
1.Pinky Anand
2.Justice Shah Muhammad Sulaiman
3.Cornelia Sorabji
4.Justice Indu Malhotra
Which section of the Citizenship Act, 1955 created a
Q6. special provision for Assam by which persons of
Indian origin who came from Bangladesh before 1st
January, 1966, were deemed to be citizens of India
as of that date?
1.Section 3b
2.Section 7b
3.Section 6a
4.Section 2a
15
Q7. Which judge of Indian origin supported the proposal
for provisional protection measures in favour of
Palestinians in Gaza?
1.Justice Raghunandan Pathak
2.Justice Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
3.Justice Nagendra Singh
4.Justice Dalveer Bhandari
Q8. Which ministry reissued a directive to all social
media platforms, urging compliance with IT
Regulations amidst worries regarding
deepfakes?
1. Ministry of Corporate Affairs
2. Ministry of Home Affairs
3. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
4. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
16
Q9. The Assam NRC was originally meant to
identify immigrants from which nation
following the outbreak of 1971 war?
1.Myanmar
2.Bangladesh
3.Sri Lanka
4. Pakistan
Q10. What is the name of the tripartite agreement
between the Govt. Of India, State Govt. of Assam
and the leaders of the Assam Movement, which
sought to end the influx of illegal migrants from
Bangladesh?
1.Karbi Accord
2.Delhi Agreement
3.Kolkata Accord
4.Assam Accord
17
Q11. The Lok Sabha passed the Advocates (Amendment)
Bill, 2023, which aims to repeal the Legal
Practitioners Act,______.
1. 1876
2. 1901
3. 1879
4. 1891
Under which Article, the governor
Q12. is empowered to pardon, and to suspend,
remit, or commute a sentence passed by the
Indian court?
1.Article 181
2.Article 166
3.Article 161
4.Article 72
18
Q13. Where did the trial of the Bilkis Bano Case
occur?
1. Gujarat
2. Karnataka
3.Maharashtra
4. Rajasthan
On the filing of which nation were the
Q14. provisional protection measures for the
protection of rights of Palestinians in Gaza
passed by the International Court of Justice?
1. Egypt
2. Pakistan
3. Bangladesh
4.South Africa
19
Which article of the Genocide convention (1948)
Q15. allows any party state to institute a case against
another in the International Court of Justice, even if
it is not directly involved in the conflict?
1.Article 6a
2.Article 9
3.Article 51b
4.Article 10
Who launched the nationwide campaign of
Q16. ‘Hamara Samvidhaan, Hamaara Samman at Dr.
Ambedkar International Centre, New Delhi to
mark India’s 75th year as a Republic?
1.President of India- Droupadi Murmu
2.Prime Minister of India- Narendra Modi
3.Vice President of India- Jagdeep
Dhankar
4.External Affairs Minister of India- Dr. S.
Jaishankar
20
Q17. Which of the following Articles
of Constitution deals with Power of President
to grant Remission?
1. Article 72
2. Article 64
3. Article 161
4. Article 164
Q18. Where is the headquarter of International
Court of Justice Situated?
1.Geneva, Switzerland
2.Hague, Netherlands.
3.Washington DC, USA
4. None of the above
21
Q19. Who among the following has been newly
appointed as Supreme Court Judge ?
1.Justice Prasanna B Varale
2.Justice Sanjiv Khanna
3.Justice Sandeep Mehta
4.Justice Satish Chandra Sharma
Q20. Who has been newly appointed as
Executive Director of the Insolvency and
Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI)?
1.Ravi Mittal
2. M.S.Sahoo
3.Dr. Navrang Saini
4.Jitesh John
22
1. 3
2. 3
3. 2
4. 2
5. 4
6. 3
7. 4
8. 4
9. 2
10. 4
11. 3
12. 3
13. 3
14. 4
15. 2
16. 3
17. 1
18. 2
19. 1
20. 4
