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Abnormal
Psychology
Contents

Definition of Abnormal Psychology

Views on Abnormality

Significant Figures

DSM 5

All about Abnormal Psychology

What is Abnormal Psychology?

the scientific study of abnormal behavior undertaken to

describe,
predict,
explain and
change abnormal patterns of functioning
TIME FRAME
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
Prehistoric Times

Abnormal behavior – work of evil spirits

Stone Age – trephination – primitive form of surgery to
treat abnormal behavior
Exorcism – drive out evil spirits
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
Greeks and Romans

Hippocrates – abnormal behavior was caused by 4

body fluids:
black bile
yellow bile
blood
phlegm
Treatment: diet and lifestyle
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
Middle Ages

People with mental disorders were treated in hospitals

instead of by the clergy
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
The Renaissance

Treatment was improved

In the 16th century – Person with mental disorders were
being warehoused in asylums (virtual prisons)
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
The Nineteenth Century

Paris – Philippe Pinel – movement toward moral

treatment
Movement:
- to ensure legal rights and protection for people
with mental disorders
- establish state hospitals
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
Early Twentieth Century

Somatogenic perspective
- abnormal psychological functioning is caused by physical
factors
-Emil Kraepelin (late 1800) – general paresis –syphilis

Psychogenic perspective
-abnormal functioning - psychological – hypnotism – hysterical
disorder
-Sigmund Freud psychogenic approach - psychoanalysis
Past and Present Views on Abnormality
Current Trends

1950s – psychotropic medications – reduce many symptoms

of mental disorders
Deinstitutionalization – release from public mental hospitals
Outpatient treatment for mild and severe
Prevention programs
Multicultural psychology – clinicians view and treatment
Insurance coverage
Field’s theories and treatments
Technological advances
Figures in the Early History of Abnormal Psychology
The Ancient World

Hippocrates – Greek physician – mental illness of

natural caused

Plato – Greek philosopher – patients with mental illness

– humane treatment

Aristotle – Greek philosopher – humors/imbalanced

Glen – Greek physician – mental disorder – physical and

mental categories
Figures in the Early History of Abnormal Psychology
The Middle Ages
Avicenna – Persian physician
- promoted principles of humane treatment for
people with mental disturbances

Hildegard – “Sybil of the Rhine”

-curative powers of natural objects/medicinal
uses of plants
Figures in the Early History of Abnormal Psychology

The 16th – 18th Century

Paracelsus – Swiss physician – psychic causes of mental illness
Teresa of Avila – Spanish nun – mental disorder is the illness of the
mind
Johann Weyer – German physician –against demonology
Robert Burton – Oxford scholar – treatise on depression
William Tuke – English Quaker – York retreat
Philippe Pinel – French physician – moral management
Benjamin Rush – American physician/founder of American
Psychiatry – used moral management based on Pinel’s
humanitarian methods
Figures in the Early History of Abnormal Psychology
The 19th and Early 20th Century
Dorothea Dix – American teacher – founder of mental hygiene
movement n the US focusing on the physical
well-being of the mental patients while in the
hospital
Clifford Beers – American – campaign to change public
attitudes toward patients with mental illness
Franz Anton Mesmer – Austrian physician – investigations on
hypnosis as treatment
Emil Kraepelin – German psychiatrist – developed first
diagnostic system
Figures in the Early History of Abnormal Psychology

The 19th and Early 20th Century

Sigmund Freud – founder of the Psychoanalysis
Wilhelm Wundt – German scientist – established first
experimental laboratory in 1879
- empirical study of abnormal behavior
J. McKeen Cattell – American psychologist – individual
differences in mental processing studies
Lightner Witmer – American psychologist – established first
psychological clinic in the US for children
with mental deficiencies
- Founder of Journal – The Psychological
Clinic
Figures in the Early History of Abnormal Psychology

The 19th and Early 20th Century

William Healy – American psychologist – established the

Chicago Juvenile Psychopathic institute
- mental illness – sociocultural factors
Ivan Pavlov – Russian physiologist – classical studies in the
psychology of learning
John Watson – American psychologist – Father of
Behaviorism
B. F. Skinner – American learning theorist – Operant
conditioning
 what’s new in DSM 5?

new categories, name changes and eliminations

Dropped Categories
New Categories Name Changes
•Hoarding
•Dissociative fugue
•Excoriation • Intellectual disability •Asperger’s disorder
•Persistent depressive • Major Neurocognitive •Sexual aversion
•Premenstrual dysphoric • Illness Anxiety •Substance abuse
•Disruptive mood dysregulation
• Delayed Ejaculation •Substance dependence
•Somatic symptom
•Binge eating • Gender Dysphoria
•Mild neurocognitive

18
Characteristics of Normal and Abnormal Persons

Normal Abnormal

Effective contact with reality Deviance

Adequate feeling of security/

Subjective Distress
spontaneity

Normality is ideal/process Acute Cases

19
Characteristics of Normal and Abnormal Persons

Normal Abnormal

Appropriate emotion/need
Danger
satisfaction

Flexibility Maladaptive/Dysfunction

Realistic life goals Chronic Cases

20
Characteristics of Normal and Abnormal Persons

Acute cases – better prognosis

- development is sudden

Chronic cases – poor prognosis

- development is gradual
- longer duration
- as time passes it deteriorates
Characteristics of Normal and Abnormal Persons
Predisposing Factor
-hereditary/genetic
-Makes the person susceptible/vulnerable/prone to
develop mental disorder
-Effect is remote/ takes time

Precipitating Factor
-Triggers the onset/manifestation of disorder
-Effect is immediate
Characteristics of Normal and Abnormal Persons

Ex. Depression – psychotic – predisposing

neurotic – reactive/precipitating
 Determinants of Psychology

1. Predisposing
a.Genetic Make-up b. Body c. Noxious
Limbic system -Id 2. Precipitating agents
Constitution a. Physical injury
b. Biological
deprivation

Biological
 Determinants of Psychology

1. Predisposing
a. Psychological b. History c. Excessive
deprivation 2. Precipitating use of
of Abuse a. Frustration defenses
b. Overgratification

Psychological
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

Low level of serotonin – chemical

Depression messenger

(Mood Disorder)

Low level of serotonin – suicide

Neurobiological Anxiety
Norepinephrine – increase excitatory
Disorders
(OCD/GAD) GABA – inhibitory/low level produce
anxiety

Schizophrenia High level of dopamine

 Perspectives of Psychopathology

Neurotransmitter – excitatory/
1.Neurotransmitter inhibitory
Imbalances

Brain Hypofrontality – not functioning in the

Neurobiological Dysfunction normal level – positive and negative
Schizophrenia symptoms

Genetic/ Feedback loop – control the behavior

Endocrine Basal ganglia – sends impulses to the
Factors hypothalamus
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

It’s all in the mind

Principle

Cognitive central
component
Thoughts and beliefs

argument One can find a more adaptive way of framing

Beliefs in the most negative circumstances
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

-within the person

Needs -deficiency needs – lack
-abundancy needs – no satisfaction

Unresolved conflicts/state of dilemma

Psychological
(Psychodynamic) Conflicts – goals not satisfied at same time

Ego OCD – excessive use of Reaction

Formation
Defenses
Pathological Gambling – isolation of
affect
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

-Abnormal behavior is a product of

Learning learning

Following the rules of learning

Behavioral Reward/
Reinforcement

Amount of Symbolic measure

Practice or Protective measure
Exercise
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

Physiological causes – root cause –

Medical medical problem, chemical imbalance
in the brain, disease

Medical/
Psychoanalytic psychoanalytic
Stem from childhood conflicts
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

People’s responsibility for their own

Emphasis behavior and the need to self-actualize

Humanistic views on
people Basically rational, oriented toward a social
World and motivated to seek self-
actualization

focus Relationship of the individual to society –

See their place in the world.
 Perspectives of Psychopathology

People’s behavior is shaped by the

Assumption society – family and culture

Sociocultural
factors
Societal & cultural – poverty & prejudice
Kinds of stresses and conflicts

prevalence social classes / poor economic times/

Social problems - homelessness
 Models of Psychopathology
v MODELS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITY

Scientists and clinicians use models, or paradigms, to

understand and treat abnormal behavior. The principles
and techniques of treatment used by the clinical
practitioners correspond to their preferred models.
 Models of Psychopathology
vTHE BIOLOGICAL MODEL

-biological processes - anatomical or biochemical

problems in the brain and body - genetic inheritance of
abnormalities, normal evolution, or viral infections.

-use of physical and chemical - drug therapy,

electroconvulsive therapy, and psychosurgery.
 Models of Psychopathology
vTHE PSYCHODYNAMIC MODEL
- Focus: unconscious conflicts and motives underlying abnormal
behavior/ uncover past traumas and the inner conflicts

- determined by underlying psychological forces.

- rooted in early parent-child relationships and traumatic experiences.

-techniques: free association and interpretations of psychological

phenomena such as resistance, transference, and dreams.

- approaches: short-short term psychodynamic therapies and relational

psychoanalytic therapy
 Models of Psychopathology
vTHE BEHAVIORAL MODEL
Focus: learning experiences that shape the development of abnormal
behavior

- principles of learning 3 types of conditioning – classical

conditioning, operant conditioning, and modeling
-Goal: Identify the client's problematic behaviors and replace them
with more appropriate techniques based on one or more of the
principles of learning.

- Classical conditioning approach: systematic desensitization, for

example, has been effective in treating phobias.
 Models of Psychopathology
vTHE COGNITIVE MODEL

Focus: faulty thinking - maladaptive assumptions and

illogical thinking processes.

Goal: Recognize and change their faulty ideas and

thinking processes.

Widely used cognitive treatment: Beck’s cognitive

therapy.
 Models of Psychopathology
vTHE HUMANISTIC-EXISTENTIAL MODEL
v Focus – Humanistic – roadblocks to self-awareness and self-acceptance

v Client-centered therapists - look at themselves honestly and acceptingly,

thus opening the door to self-actualization.

v Gestalt therapists - recognize and accept their needs.

v Existentialists: Hiding from life’s responsibilities but encourages people to

accept responsibility for their lives, to recognize their freedom to choose a
different course, and to choose to live with greater meaning.

Religion as an important factor in mental health and in psychotherapy has

caught the attention of researchers and clinicians.
 Models of Psychopathology
vTHE SOCIO-CULTURAL MODEL
the family-social perspective looks outward to three kinds of factors. Some
proponents of this perspective focus on social labels and roles; they hold that society
calls certain people “mentally ill” and that those individuals in turn follow the role
implied by such a label. Others focus on social connections and supports, believing
that isolation, poor social supports, and similar factors may contribute to
psychological difficulties. Still others emphasize the family system, believing that a
family’s structure or communication patterns may force members to behave in
abnormal ways. Practitioners from the family-social model may practice group,
family, or couple therapy, or community treatment.

the multicultural perspective holds that an individual’s behavior, whether normal or

abnormal, is best understood when examined in the light of his or her unique cultural
context, including the values of that culture and the special external pressures faced
by members of the culture. Practitioners of this model may practice culture sensitive
therapies, approaches that seek to address the unique issues faced by members of
cultural minority groups.
 Comparing the Models
Biological Psychodynamic Behavioral Cognitive Humanistic Existential Family- Multicultural
Social

Cause of Biological Underlying Maladaptive Maladaptive Self-deceit Avoidance and Family or External
dysfunction conflicts learning thinking Responsibility Social pressures or
malfunction
stress cultural
conflicts

Research Strong Modest Strong Strong Weak Weak Moderate Moderate

support

Consumer Patient Patient Client Client Patient or Patient or client Client Client
designation client

Therapist Doctor Interpreter Teacher Persuader Observer Collaborator Family/soci Cultural

role al facilitator advocate /
teacher

Key therapy Biological Free Conditioning Reasoning Reflection Varied Family / Culture-
technique Intervention association Social sensitive
and Intervention intervention
interpretation

Therapy Biological Broad Functional Adaptive Self- Authentic life Effective Cultural
goal psychological Behavior s thinking actualization family or awareness
repair
change social and comfort
system
 DSM-5 Categories of Psychopathology
Problem Primary Symptom Typical Signs of Trouble Examples
Neurodevelopmental Impairment of nervous You have intellectual, Intellectual developmental
Disorder system development communication, disorder, Autism spectrum
before adulthood attentional, or motor disorder, Attention
problems that emerge deficit/hyperactivity
early in your life disorder
Schizophrenia spectrum Loss contact with reality You hear or see things that Delusional disorder,
and other psychotic others don’t; your mind has Schizophrenia, Brief
disorders been playing tricks on you psychotic disorder
Bipolar and related Alternating mania and You feel depressed, or you Cyclothymic disorder,
disorders depression talk too loud and too fast Bipolar I disorder, Bipolar II
and have a rush of ideas disorder
and feelings that others
thinks are unreasonable
Depressive disorder Depression You feel sad and hopeless Persistent depressive
disorder (dysthymia), Major
depressive disorder,
Postpartum depression,
Seasonal affective disorder
 DSM-5 Categories of Psychopathology
Problem Primary Symptom Typical Signs of Trouble Examples
Anxiety disorder High anxiety or anxiety- You have anxiety attacks Generalized anxiety
related distortions of and feel like you are going disorder, Panic disorder,
behavior to die; or you are afraid to Agoraphobia, Specific
do things that most people phobia, Social phobia
can do
Obsessive-compulsive and Unnecessarily repetitious You spend unusual Obsessive compulsive
related disorders behavior amounts of time doing disorder, Hoarding disorder
things such as washing
your hands or counting
your heartbeats
Trauma-and-stressor- Difficulty dealing with a You persistently re- Adjustment disorder, Acute
related disorders traumatic or stressful event experience a traumatic stress disorder,
event; you have an Posttraumatic stress
exceptionally strong disorder
negative reaction to a
traumatic event such as
becoming highly anxious,
depressed, or, being
unable to sleep
 DSM-5 Categories of Psychopathology
Problem Primary Symptom Typical Signs of Trouble Examples
Dissociative disorders Amnesia, feeling of There are major gaps in your Dissociative amnesia,
unreality, multiple memory of events; you feel like Dissociative identity
identities you are a robot or a stranger to disorder
yourself; others tell you that you
have done things that you don’t
remember doing.
Somatic symptom Body complaints without You feel physically sick, but your Somatic symptom
disorders an organic (physical) doctor says nothing is wrong with disorder, Factitious
basis you; you suffer from pain that has disorder, Conversion
no physical basis; or you are disorder
preoccupied with thoughts about
being sick
Feeding and eating Disturbance of food intake You eat nonfood items(pica) or Anorexia nervosa,
disorders into the body have difficulty eating enough food Bulimia nervosa, Binge
to remain healthy eating disorder
Elimination disorder Disturbance of waste You have trouble controlling the Enuresis, Encopresis
elimination from the body elimination of urine (enuresis) or
feces (encopresis)
 DSM-5 Categories of Psychopathology
Problem Primary Symptom Typical Signs of Trouble Examples
Sleep-wake disorders Troubles falling asleep, You have difficulty getting a Insomnia disorder,
staying asleep, or waking healthy night’s sleep; you Hypersomnolence disorder,
up snore, have nightmares, or Narcolepsy, Nightmare
fall asleep inappropriately disorder
(narcolepsy)
Sexual Dysfunctions Problem in sexual You have problems with Erectile disorder, Female
adjustment sexual desire, arousal, sexual interest/arousal
orgasm or pain disorder, Genito-pelvic
pain/penetration disorder,
Male hypoactive sexual
desire disorder
Gender dysphoria Disturbed gender identity You feel that you are a man Gender dysphoria
trapped in a woman’s body
(or the reverse)
Disruptive, impulse Difficulties of self-control You are defiant and Oppositional defiant
control, and conduct aggressive; you set fires disorder, Intermittent
disorders (pyromania) or are a chronic explosive disorder,
thief (kleptomania) Pyromania, Kleptomania
 DSM-5 Categories of Psychopathology
Problem Primary Symptom Typical Signs of Trouble Examples
Substance use and Disturbances related to You have been drinking too Opioid use disorder, Stimulant
addictive disorders drug abuse or much, using illegal drugs, use disorder, Alcohol use
dependence as well as taking prescription drugs more disorder, Tobacco use disorder,
other addictive often than you should, or Gambling disorder
behaviors gambling too much
Neurocognitive Impairment of nervous Your ability to think and Delirium, Neurocognitive
disorders system development remember has suffered a disorder due to Alzheimer’s
while in adulthood dramatic decline in adulthood disease, Neurocognitive
disorder due to Parkinson’s
disease, Neurocognitive
disorder due to HIV infection
Personality disorders Unhealthy personality Your behavior patterns Antisocial personality disorder,
patterns repeatedly cause problems at Borderline personality disorder
work, at school, and in your
relationship with others
Paraphilic disorder Deviant sexual behavior You can gain sexual Pedophilic disorder,
satisfaction only by engaging in Exhibitionistic disorder,
highly atypical sexual behavior Voyeuristic disorder, Fetishistic
disorder
 Topics for Advanced Abnormal Psychology

v Overview of the Course

v Legal and Ethical Issues in Abnormal Psychology
v Psychological Interventions
v Psychopharmacological Interventions

v Neurodevelopmental Disorders
v Neurocognitive Disorders

v Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

v Bipolar and Related Disorders
 Topics for Advanced Abnormal Psychology

v Depressive Disorders
v Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

v Trauma- and Stressor- Related Disorders

v Dissociative Disorders
v Somatic Symptoms and Related Disorders

v Feeding and Eating Disorders

v Elimination Disorders
 Topics for Advanced Abnormal Psychology

vSleep-Wake Disorders
vBreathing-Related Sleep Disorder
v Parasomnias
vSexual dysfunctions/ Gender Dysphoria
vParaphilic Disorders
vDisruptive, Impulse-control and Conduct
Disorders
vSubstance-related and Addictive Disorders
vPersonality Disorders
vOther medical conditions
 Format of the Report
1.Identify the classification factors in your chosen case
namely:
v ) diagnostic criteria
v ) age of onset
v ) gender differences
v ) causal factors
v ) treatment - Psychological and Pharmacological
emphasizing the side effects on psychological aspect
2.Point out their similarities and differences of the disorders
in each category in tabular form
 Evidence-Based Treatments for Common
Adult Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder Bipolar Disorder
Ø Behavioral Couples Therapy Ø Psychoeducation (including family
Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy members)
Ø Interpersonal Psychotherapy Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Ø Process-Experiential Therapy Ø Interpersonal and Social Rhythm
Ø Psychoeducation Therapy
Ø Short-Term Psychodynamics Ø Some Forms of Couples and Family
Psychotherapy Therapy
Ø Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
 Evidence-Based Treatments for Common
Adult Disorders
Specific Phobias Anxiety Disorder
Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Ø Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

Panic Disorder with and without Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Agoraphobia
Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Ø Psychoeducation Ø Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Ø Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing
 Evidence-Based Treatments for Common
Adult Disorders

Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge-Eating Disorder

Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Ø Cognitive-Behavioral

Therapy Therapy Therapy
Ø Short-Term Ø Interpersonal Ø Interpersonal
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy
Ø Some forms of Couples
and Family Therapy
 Evidence-Based Treatments for Common
Adult Disorders
Sleep Disorder Sexual Disorder

Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Schizophrenia Personality Disorders

Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Avoidant Personality Disorder

Ø Psychoeducation (including family ØCognitive-Behavioral Therapy
members)
Borderline Personality Disorder
ØSome forms of Cognitive-Behavioral
Therapy (Dialectical Behavior Therapy and
Schema Therapy)
ØSome forms of long-term Psychodynamic
Therapy
 Evidence-Based Treatments for
Common Adult Disorders
Substance –Related Disorders
Ø Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Ø Some forms of Couples and Family Therapy
Ø Psychoeducation (including Motivational Interviewing)
Ø Solution-Focused Brief Therapy
Ø 12 Step Program
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

vPsychopharmacology - first used in a scientific short

paper entitled “Contributions to
Psychopharmacology”,1920 by a pharmacologist
working at Johns Hopkins University

vPsychopharmacology defined as the scientific study

of the effect of drugs on the mind and behaviour
(Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2018).
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

vPsychopharmacology refers to the use of

medication in treating mental health conditions.
Medications can play a role in improving most
mental health conditions.
vA psychiatrist should be involved when multiple
psychiatric medications are prescribed or when
medications require monitoring.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions
How do we know if medication is needed
for a mental health condition?
vMedication is often recommended when
symptoms are moderate to severe or have not
improved with therapy alone.
vTherapist will recommend a consultation with a
psychiatrist based on their clinical judgment.
Anyone who wants to learn if medication may be
helpful can meet with a psychiatrist for an
evaluation and discussion of what role
medications may play in their treatment.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

Types of Psychopharmacology
vAntidepressants are the most commonly
prescribed psychiatric medications.
It works through the neurotransmitter serotonin
and may also have effects on norepinephrine and
dopamine.
These medications are first line choices for
depression and anxiety disorders.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

vBenzodiazepines are prescribed to treat severe

anxiety, panic attacks and at times insomnia.
These medications are controlled substances
with the potential to cause addiction, so they
require close monitoring.
vStimulants are used predominately to treat
ADHD.
vMood Stabilizers are commonly used to treat
mood disorders such as bipolar disorder and
treatment-resistant depression.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

vAntipsychotics are used to treat psychotic

illness such as schizophrenia
or schizoaffective disorder.
- have FDA indications for treatment of bipolar
disorder and in some cases can be used to
improve treatment for depression.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

vMost patients prefer psychotherapy to

pharmacotherapy;
however, a significant number of patients
require both interventions in order to achieve
clinical improvement in symptoms.
vA number of individuals do not respond to
psychotropic medication alone.
Hence, the combination of psychotherapy with
medication can both improve outcomes and
reduce costs.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions
Pharmacological actions
vPharmacodynamics: concern the effects of
drugs on the biological action.
Major pharmacodynamics considerations:
1. Receptor mechanisms
2.dose response curve
3. therapeutic index
4. development of tolerance, dependence, and
withdrawal phenomenon.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

Pharmacological actions
Phamacokinetics: concern how the body handles
a drug.
1. absorption
2. drug volume of distribution and
3. bioavailability
4. metabolism
5. excretion.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

What is the duration of using

psychopharmacological interventions?
vshort-term relief of symptoms. In other cases,
medications may prove to be beneficial for a
longer period of time.
vrange from a few weeks or months to several
years, depending on what the psychiatrist and
the patient believe is the most effective way to
treat a mental health condition.
 Psychopharmacological Interventions

vDecisions regarding starting or stopping

medications are best made in collaboration with
a treating psychiatrist.
vThe patient and provider work together to weigh
the benefits of medications against the risks or
side effects that they may cause.
 Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology

vDuty to protect – plan to harm other person/s

- difficulty in determining the dangerousness
that exempt a psychotherapist from attempting to
protect others when a determination of
dangerousness exists
- protection privilege ends where danger to the
public begins
 Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology

vDuty to warn – T’s responsibility in situation

where there has been an explicit threat on a
specific person’s life but it left other areas of
application unclear

vInsanity defense –not guilty by reason of

insanity – attempt to escape the legally
prescribed consequences of the crime
 Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology

vCompetence to stand trial – ability to stand the

trial procedures/defend himself in court

vReasons for incompetency to stand trial

1. intellectual deficits – decision-making/
working memory/being able to attend the
proceedings/to process events successfully
2. mental health problems –psychiatric symptoms-
psychotism/withdrawal/depression/hostility
 Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology
vCivil Commitment – judged mentally unstable –
ordered treatment to mental institution
v2 forms:
1.Unstable at the time of the crime/innocent of
wrongdoing – not guilty by reason of insanity
thus; MH professionals – to support the claim
2. At the time of trial – unable to stand the trial
procedures/defend himself in court
thus; committed for treatment until he is
competent to stand trial – psychological
functioning
 Psychological Assessment

• educational background
Personal • family history
• social relationship

Objective
and
Cognitive
very valuable tool for Projective Functioning • intellectual abilities
evaluating the
Vocation
Measures and • strengths/weaknesses
candidate’s suitability Personality • adaptive traits
for career c Structures
Hoice/vocation
 Self-Assessment through Psychological Testing

Methods
Clinical
Clinical Information about you,
behavior/attitude, signs and Interview
Interview
symptoms, speech, affect
learning, planning, judgment/
Intellectual
decision-making, reasoning,
Assessment
problem-solving

strengths, abilities, adaptive traits Intellectual

Personality Personality
and skills, pathology, sensitivity,
Assessment y maturity, flexibility, efficiency, and Assessment Assessment
degree of personality integration;
and perception of spiritual quality of
life and Religious and Existential
Well-Being
Self-Enhancement through Psychotherapeutic
Processes ( Basis: Psychological Test Results)

Counseling – Individual/Group

Coping Strategies

Group Dynamic Activities

Psychotherapies

Spiritual
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