LANGUAGE OF
MEDICINE
Anatomy is the study of the form of structure of the living
organisms, it includes size shape location of organ etc.
Physiology is the study of function of human body.
Pathology is the study of disease which affect the anatomy and the
physiology of body
Medical care service
Steps
Diagnosis Treatment
Signs (What the doctor see from patient body) - Pharmacological
tx Symptoms (What the patient explains to the doctor) - Surgical
treatment
Clinical Manifestation (Procedures like Checking BP) - Radiation
therapy
Lab investigation (Test done in lab with samples) - Palliative care
etc.
Electro/cardio/graphy
Prefix Root Suffix
word
Electrocardiography is basically the process of recording the
electrical impulses of the heart.
It is not mandatory that all words should have suffix and prefix, but
root word is mandatory to connect the words.
Basic medical terms:
1. Anterior/Ventral-Front
2. Posterior/Dorsal-Back
3. Lateral-Sides
4. Proximal-Upper end
5. Distal-Lower end
6. Superior-Upper organ
7. Inferior-Lower organ
8. Supine-Lying by face facing upwards
9. Prone-Lying by face facing towards the object
Movement terms:
Planes of the
body:
1. Frontal- Divides the
body into anterior and
posterior portions of
the body
2. Sagittal- Divides the
body into left and right
portions of the body
3. Transverse-Divides the
body into upper and
lower portions of the
body
Colour based terms:
Cyano-blue
Erythro-red
Leuko/albino-white
Melano-black
Polio-gray
Xantho-yellow
Quadrants of the body:
RUQ LUQ
RLQ LLQ
RUQ-Right upper quadrant
LUQ-Left upper quadrant
RLQ-Right lower quadrant
LLQ-Left lower quadrant
Cavities of the body:
Few medical terms with
examples:
Hypo-Less_ Hypotension
Hyper-More_ Hyperlipidemia
Oligo-Low/Scanty_ Oliguria
Epi-Above_ Epidermis
Hypo/Sub-Below_ Hypoglossal/Sublingual
Peri-Surrounding/Outer_ Pericardium
Exo/Eco-Outside_ Exocrine
Eno/Endo-Inside_ Endocrine
Tachy-Fast_ Tachycardia
Brady-Slow_ Bradycardia
Poly-Many_ Polyuria
Functions of the body and its
1.terms
Sleeping – Somnia
2. Eating/Swallowing – Phagia
3. Speaking – Phasia
4. Thirst - Dipsia
5. Urination - Uria
6. Sweating - Hidrosis
7. Breathing - Pnea
8. Hearing - Acousia
9. Vision – Opia
10. Writing/Drawing - Graphia
11. Taste – Gustia/Geusia
12. Walking/Movement - Taxia
13. Motor skills - Praxia
14. Smelling - Nosmia
15. Memory – Amnesia/Dementia
Organ based Terms:
Brain-Encephalo
Head-Cephalo
Ear-Oto
Eyes-Ophthalmo
Nose-Naso/Rhino
Breast-Masto/Mammo
Kidney-Reno/Nephro
Bladder-Cysto/Vesico
Blood-Hemo/Hemato
Skin-Dermo/Dermato
Nerves-Neuro
Blood vessels---Arteries-Arterio/Veins-
Veno/Phlebo
Bones-Osteo
Joints-Arthro
Muscles-Myo/Myoso/Musculo
Disease based Terms:
A/An-Absence of
Dys-Difficulty
itis-Inflammation
Oma-Neoplasm(Neo-New, plasm-Growth)- 2 types:
Benign(will not spread)/Malignant(will spread)
Sclerosis-Hardening of
Malacia-Softening of
Paresis-Paraly sis
Plegia-Paralysis of extremities
Palsy-Semiparalysis
Varices/Varix-Swelling and twisting of veins
Pyo-Pus
Porosis-Porous in nature(porous-spongy)
Plakia-Patches
Ulcer-Open sore
Rrhea-Abnormal Discharge of fluids
Rrhagia-Excessive bleeding
Emesis-Vomiting
rrhexis-Rupture of
Pathy-Disease of
Cele-Protrusion/Herniation
Fissure-Crack
Litho-Stones
Surgery based terms:
Otomy - Surgical Incision
Ectomy - Surgical Removal
Ostomy - Surgically created artificial opening
Scopy - Internal Visualization-2 types
1. With incision
-Laparoscopy-Abdomen
-Thoracoscopy-Chest
-Arthroscopy-Joints
2. Without incision
-Bronchoscopy
-Colonoscopy
Graphy – Recording/imaging
Plasty – Surgical Repair
Rrhaphy – Suturing
Centesis – Puncturing and drainage of fluids
Tripsy - Crushing of
Plexy – Fixation/Surgical Repair
Desis – Binding/Joining
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