EXERCISE OF UNIT 6

Give the correct form of the words

1. Global warming may lead to ______________________ weather events, including heat
waves, floods, and powerful storms, which could affect people's lives. (extremely)
2. Every one of us can help to protect and sustain our environment by
______________________ our consumption habits. (change)
3. Even slight increase in the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can cause
a______________________ rise in temperature. (significance)
4. There is a ______________________ between the recent droughts and climate change.
(connect)
5. Farming contributes more than 30 percent of the total greenhouse gas
______________________ (emit)
6. The overuse of chemical ______________________ is a serious threat to the environment.
(fertilize)
7. Global warming is the increase in the earth's average surface temperature due to the
warming ______________________ of greenhouse gases. (effective)
8. The main cause of ______________________ warming is the burning of fossil fuels, such
as natural gas, oil, and coal. (globe)
9. The ______________________of the earth's atmosphere causes sea-level rise. (warm)
10. Many animal species are in danger of extinction due to the loss of their habitat and
inability to______________________. to climate change. (adaption)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. famine B. absorb C. admit D. global
2. A. reduces B. diseases C. changes D. captures
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. infectious B. numerous C. supporting D. contribute
4. A. atmospheric B. fertilizer C. ecological D. catastrophic
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
sentences.
5. Many species are now ____ danger of being extinct as a result of deforestation and habitat
loss.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
6. The rainforests around the world are ____ threat of deforestation.
A. in B. by C. under D. on
7. To solve the problems of pollution, it is important to identify the ____ of it.
A. reasons B. purpose C. causes D. facts
8. Animal ____ are being destroyed by human activities.
 A. places B. habitats C. shelter D.
accommodation
9. Global warming is among many factors that drive many species of animals to the ____ of
extinction.
A. verge B. period C. corner D. bottom
10. The loss of biodiversity has a serious ____ on the survival of wildlife and humans.
A. affect B. problem C. impact D. influential
11. Humans should try to maintain biodiversity as they ____ a lot from it.
A. achieve B. keep C. benefit D. attain
12. Many of our medicines are derived ____ animals and plants.
A. of B. from C. by D. to
13. Forests ____ humans with many valuable things.
A. give B. provide C. award D. bring
14. Many measures have been taken to ____ people's awareness of conservation.
A. increase B. rise C. promote D. raise
15. More wildlife ____ need to be built to save animals from extinction.
A. zoos B. parks C. reserves D. regions
16. Global warming can ____ the ecological balance, bringing about terrible consequences.
A. destroy B. upset C. converse D. injure
17.When can all animals be ____ from disappearance?
A. protected B. covered C. rescued D. poached
18. In regions of volcanoes, houses should be built with ____ materials.
A. destroyed B. destructible C. indestructible D. destroying
19. Toxic chemicals from factories are seriously ____.
A. contaminate B. contamination C. contaminated D. contaminating
20. It has been proven that humans and animals are ____ and that one's existence must be
closely linked with that of the other.
A. interdependent B. independent C. dependable D. dependent
21. ____ are trying to put a stop to the destruction of forests.
A. Conservation B. Conservationists C. Conserve D. Conservatives
22. A lot of ____ have been taken to reduce global warming and its consequences.
A. ways B. methods C. rules D. measures
23. People think they can make a ____ with rhino horns.
A. fortune B. wealth C. property D. riches
24. Jack has decided to ____ the time he spends watching television, thinking he can
contribute to reducing global warming effects.
A. run out of B. cut down on C. go in for D. come up with
25. - "I have thought of a way to save energy around the house!" - "____!"
A. Best wishes B. My dear C. Well done D. That's very well
26. - "____" - “All right then, if you insist."
A. She did it right then.
B. Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?
C. What seems to be the trouble?
D. Everything was all right at the party, wasn't it?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
27. The company admitted to discharging a lot of waste to the local river and was willing to
take responsibility for it.
A. denied B. addressed C. confessed D. threatened
28. Environmentalists fear that, if completed, the hydro-electric dam will severely disrupt the
Danube ecosystem.
A. upset B. benefit C. affect D. improve
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences.
29. Pure water is often a fairly rare commodity that requires significant energy to produce.
A. Contaminated B. Clean C. Unadulterated D. Flawless
30. There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
A. ease B. attraction C. consideration D. speculation
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in
each of the following sentences.
31. As emissions increase, it trap more heat in the atmosphere, leading to a period of
unprecedented warming.
32. Global warming is a global emergency although it has caused abnormal climate change
33. It is claimed by scientists that climate change will affect the frequency and tension of
extreme events
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each
of the following sentences.
34. Many species are threatened with extinction due to deforestation and loss of habitat.
A. Deforestation and loss of habitat threaten many species so that they will become
extinct.
B. Many species lost their habitat because of deforestation and now they are extinct.
C. Deforestation and loss of habitat are driving many species to the verge of extinction.
D. Many species are extinct, so they run the risk of deforestation and loss of habitat.
35. Motor vehicles running on petrol are responsible for a large amount of carbon
dioxide emission.
A. Because of releasing a large amount of carbon dioxide, motor vehicles run on petrol.
B. A large amount of carbon dioxide emission results from motor vehicles running on
petrol.
C. A large amount of carbon dioxide emission causes motor vehicles to run on petrol.
 D. Emitting a large amount of carbon dioxide is one of the responsibilities of motor
vehicles running on petrol.
36. Global warming has proven truly catastrophic for the environment.
A. The environment has been made catastrophic by global warming.
B. It is true that global warming is a catastrophe caused by the environment.
C. It has been proven that global warming is harmful to the environment.
D. The environment has been truly dangerous because of global warming.
37. The alarming rate of deforestation results in damage to the quality of the land.
A. It is alarming that deforestation damages the quality of the land.
B. The quality of the land deteriorates as the result of the alarming rate of deforestation.
C. The alarming rate of deforestation results from damage to the quality of the land.
D. The damage to the quality of the land is to blame for the alarming rate of deforestation.
38. Not many people are aware of the dangers of plastic bags to the environment.
A. People are totally unaware of the dangers of plastic bags to the environment.
B. People are fully aware of the dangers of plastic bags to the environment.
C. The dangers of plastic bags to the environment came to the attention of only a few.
D. It is time that people were aware of the dangers of plastic bags to the environment.
Rewrite the following sentences using After or Before.
49. I told him off. Then I realized I was wrong.
→ After ________________________________________________
50. I worked very hard for the exam. Then I passed it.
→ Before ________________________________________________

EXERCISE UNIT 7

Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. Her classmates admire her so much because she has a clear __________________ mind.
(analyze)
2. There are some obvious __________________ applications of the research. (practice)
3. In this job, experience counts for more than paper __________________ (qualify)
4. An __________________ at a television station is a wonderful experience for him.
(intern)
5. Having failed a number of times, he is learning how to think __________________
(science)
6. Please accept this gift in __________________ of all you've done for us. (appreciate)
7. The __________________ of bacteria with the body's natural chemistry is being
examined. (interact)
8. The new plane
was a triumph of European industrial and technical
__________________ (collaborate)
9. She assessed each of her students to determine their __________________ to take the
higher exam. (eligible)
10. Julie and Mark, aged 17 and 19 __________________ (respect)
Choose the word with a stress pattern different from the others.
1. A. biology B. education C. geography D. relationship
2. A. analytical B. opportunity C. qualification D. university
Choose the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
3. A. culture B. student C. institution D. university
4. A. Achieve B. apply C. apology D. academic
Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the
following sentences.
5. Students also have the opportunity to choose from a wide range of optional courses
in the university.
A. mandatory B. selective C. free D. limited
6. Most of the students in our country are interested in pursuing higher education to get
bachelor's degrees.
A. following B. giving up C. trying D. interrupting
Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the
following sentences.
7. Some students only cram for tests when there is little time left, so their results are not
satisfactory.
A. prepare in a short period B. prepare in a long time
C. prepare well D. prepare badly
8. If the examiner can't make sense of what your essay is about, you'll get the low mark.
A. declare B. estimate C. communicate D. understand
Indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
9. “Could you pass that book over to me, please?” – “____”
A. Yes, of course. B. No, why not?
C. Actually, I'm busy. D. Yes, go ahead.
10. "Shall I lend you a hand with the survey questionnaire?” – “____”
A. Yes, I'd love to. B. That sounds interesting!
C. Sure! That would be great help! D. How about tomorrow?
Choose the answer which needs correcting.
11. Although there were a number of significant differences between the two systems,
both countries share a commitment to high quality education.
 12. Prof. Daniel, who has been working in our faculty for almost 15 years, is giving a
seminar on further education to students on next Friday.
13. It is the first time the Internet has ever applied in English teaching and learning in
this remote district.
Choose the best answer.
14. It's my ____ ceremony next week; I think my parents are looking forward to it more
than I am.
A. graduation B. graduate C. graduating D. graduates
15. You have to be highly ____ to do well in these subjects.
A. competition B. competitor C. competitive D. competed
16. Yesterday, we had a discussion ____ different cultures.
A. about B. around C. for D. from
17. Australians and New Zealanders often have a/an ____ year before going to college or
after finishing high school to travel overseas independently.
A. New B. gap C. busy D. graduation
18. The more ____ you have, the more chance you have of finding a better job.
A. courses B. contributions C. qualifications D. qualities
19. I got a diploma in business administration, but still sometimes wish I had been able to
go to university and get a ____.
A. certificate B. diploma C. degree D. scholarship
20. Send a full CV (____ Vitae) with your job application.
A. Column B. Curriculum C. Color D. Culture
21. Spending a year working in the city helped to ____ his horizons.
A. Steal B. deal C. burden D. broaden
22. We'll send you a copy as soon as it becomes ____.
A. Unstable B. able C. available D. disabled
23. The slowdown of the US economy occurred ____ with a downturn in Europe.
A. Usually B. always C. happily D. simultaneously
24. The charity will be taking food and ____ supplies to six refugee camps.
A. Need B. essential C. absent D. self-esteem
25. The new regulations made a lot of prisoners ____ for early release.
A. Eligible B. successful C. dedicated D. interfered
26. Sandy ____ his sister since she ____ to university in 2014.
A. hadn't seen/went B. hasn't been seeing/went
C. didn't see/has gone D. hasn't seen/went
27. It's the first time you ____ an online course, isn't it?
A. had ever taken B. have ever been taking
C. ever took D. have ever taken
28. She ____ for an MA scholarship for four times. Now she is preparing to apply for the
fifth time.
A. has been applying B. has been applied C. has applied D. had applied
29. Fees for his vocational course ____ by his parents.
A. Paid B. have been paid C. have been paying D. had paid
30. Prof. Wilson has been giving the same seminar to students ____.
A. for the last 12 years B. for last 12 years
C. in the last 12 years D. the last 12 years
31. Peter has been a junior clerk for three years. Lately he ____ for a better post but so far
he ____ anything.
A. looks/hasn't found B. have looked/haven't found
C. has been looking/hasn't found D. has looked/hasn't found
32. She ____ of great help to us because she ____ for such a long time with us.
A. has been/had lived B. has been/has been living
 C. has been/lived D. was/has lived
33. Poor Tracy! She ____ that essay for hours now and she still ____.
A. has written/hasn't finished B. has been writing/didn't finish
C. has been writing/hasn't finished D. has written/hasn't been finishing
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
34. “They are building a language centre for disabled students. They started
building it 6 months ago." has the closest meaning to ____.
A. They have been building a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
B. They haven't been building a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
C. They haven't built a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
D. They built a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
35. “The last time he worked out was 5 years ago." has the closest meaning to ____.
A. He has been working out for 5 years.
B. He has not worked out 5 years ago.
C. He has not worked out for 5 years.
D. He has not been working out 5 years ago.
36. I started writing this essay hours ago and it's still not right.
A. I have been writing this essay for hours and it's still not right.
B. It's hours ago since I last wrote this essay correctly.
C. The last time I started writing this essay was hours ago, which is still not right.
D. I didn't stop to write this essay hours ago and it's still not right.
37. Our school started building a new canteen in June. They are still building it
now.
A. Our school has started building a new canteen from June till now.
B. Our school has been building a new canteen since June.
C. Our school has built a new canteen now since starting in June.
D. Our school is building the new canteen which started in June.
38. The last time my friend wrote a letter to me was in February.
A. I haven't never received a letter from my friend since February.
B. I last received a letter from my friend in February.
C. It was in February since I first received a letter from my friend.
D. My friend last wrote a letter to me when in February.
Rewrite the following sentences.
39. This is the first time I have seen him.
 I ___________________________________________
40. I last saw him when I was a student
 I haven’t ________________________________________

PRACTICE TEST 8
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from
the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. scholar B. technique C. archaeology D. achievement
2.A. ancient B. concern C. associate D. special
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. citadel B. dynasty C. imperial D. subsequent
4. A. architectural B. knowledgeable C. archaeological D. excavation
Vocabulary And Grammar
5. ____ is a period of years during which members of a particular family rule a country.
A. City B. Abolish C. Dynasty D. Downturn
6. He had devoted his life to the development of the district, so a ____ to him was erected in
St Paul's Cathedral.
A. monument B. moment C. mountain D. mention
7. Visits to four different countries are included in your ____.
A. delivery B. dictionary C. available D. itinerary
8. Take a trip on a(n) ____ Spanish galleon to the famous Papagayo beach.
A. authentic B. semantic C. mosaic D. chaotic
9.Captain Cook discovered Australia on a ____ to the Pacific.
A. voyage B. cruise C. travel D. tour
10. When I'm on holiday, I enjoy ____.
A. getting sunburnt B. getting sunstroke C. having a sunbath D. sunbathing
11. The best way ____ London is by taking a guided tour.
A. of which to see B. to see C. seeing D. in which you see
12. Students ____ in their essays late will lose ten marks.
A. to hand B. handing C. hand D. are handing
13. That was the last seminar ____ by Prof. Wilson
A. that gave B. that be given C. to be given D. was given
14. The building stands as the last remaining ____ of the town's cotton industry.
A. garlic B. rely C. relic D. expose
15.The Complex of Hue Monuments was the first site in Viet Nam ____ to the World
Heritage List.
A. adding B. to add C. to be added D. added
16. The archaeological excavation ____ to the discovery of the ancient city lasted several
years.
A. led B. leading C. to lead D. being led
17. Though ____ many centuries ago, the palace remains practically intact.
A. building B. to build C. built D. people built
18. I picked up some holiday brochures ____ around the table at the travel agency.
A. to lie B. lying C. to be lying D. being lying
19. Situated on Cam Khe Hill, Tomb of Minh Mang is one of the most interesting royal tombs
____ in Hue.
A. to visit B. visited C. visiting D. being visited
20. You may choose one from the five World Heritage Sites in Viet Nam ____ in this leaflet
to visit on your next field trip.
A. includes B. including C. included D. to include
21. ____ UNESCO criteria for outstanding universal value to humanity, Trang An Scenic
Landscape Complex was added to the World Heritage List in 2014.
A. Meeting B. Met C. To meet D. Having met
22. The most magnificent feature of Taj Mahal ____ is the central dome.
A. noticed B. being noticed C. to notice D. noticing
23. Henry VIII of England was the only king ____ six times.
A. to marry B. married C. was married D. marrying
24. Travellers are faced with a lot of destinations ____ from.
A. choosing B. choose C. to be choosing D. to choose
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
25. Most of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long was demolished in the early 20th century.
A. rebuilt B. pulled down C. put up D. pulled up
26. Taj Mahal is a giant mausoleum of white marble in Arga, India. It is considered to be an
outstanding work of art.
A. noticeable B. attractive C. brilliant D. significant
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
27. The major stone sections of the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty remain intact thanks to the
unique construction techniques.
A. special B. common C. excellent D. ancient
28. A new school has just been set up for the kids in the area.
A. started B. established C. built D. demolished
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
29.“____” – “I'd like to see a cultural one.”
A. Would you like to visit a natural or a cultural world heritage site?
B. Which site is worth visiting in Hue? The Citadel or the Royal Tombs?
C. Would you like to go to Tomb of Minh Mang or the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty?
D. Do you prefer seeing the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty or Tomb of Minh Ma
30. “I'm not hot. I'm absolutely roasting” – “____”
 A. You lucky thing! I'm sure you'll enjoy it. B. Let's go and cool down in the
sea.
C. You'll get a lovely suntan. D. Maybe you've got a sun stroke.
Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the following sentence
31. The poem that is being read by the actor was written by her nephew.
A. The poem is being read by the actor was written by her nephew.
B. The poem being read by the actor was written by her nephew.
C. The poem that read by the actor was written by her nephew.
D. The poem that reading by the actor was written by her nephew.
32. This is the most magnificent grotto in the world which attracts millions of visitors
every year.
A. This is the most magnificent grotto in the world attracts millions of visitors every year.
B. This is the most magnificent grotto in the world attracted millions of visitors every
year.
C. This is the most magnificent grotto in the world being attracting millions of visitors
every year.
D. This is the most magnificent grotto in the world to attract millions of visitors every
year.
33. After we had chosen a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
A. Chosen a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
B. Choosing a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
C. Having chosen a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
D. Having prepared for the trip, we chose a destination for our holiday
34.The Matrix was released in 1999. It stars Keanu Reeves.
A. Releasing in 1999, The Matrix stars Keanu Reeves.
B. Released in 1999, The Matrix stars Keanu Reeves.
C. The Matrix released in 1999 stars Keanu Reeves.
D. Both B and C are correct.
35. A picture was stolen by art thieves. It was painted by Munch.
A. Stolen by art thieves, a picture was painted by Munch.
B. Painted by Munch, a picture was stolen by art thieves.
C. A picture painted by Munch was stolen by art thieves.
D. All are correct.
Choose the answer which needs correcting.
36.The Citadel gate damaging in the storm has now been repaired by a group of skilled
workers.

37.Students are carrying out research need to develop good critical thinking.

38.Annoying by the receptionist's behaviour, they decided not to stay in that hotel.
WRITING : Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
same.
49. We have a lot of exercises which we have to do tonight.
We have a lot of exercises _______________________________________________
50.George is the first person that we will interview.
George is the first person _______________________________________________