Definition of Global Warming: Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's
average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels, which
releases greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse Gases: Major greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and
nitrous oxide (N₂O) trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to a rise in global temperatures.
Causes of Global Warming:
● Burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) for energy production.
● Deforestation, which reduces the number of trees that absorb CO₂.
● Industrial processes and agricultural practices that release greenhouse gases.
● Increased usage of vehicles and air travel.
Effects on Weather Patterns: Global warming is causing more extreme and unpredictable
weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, and heatwaves.
Melting of Polar Ice Caps: Rising temperatures are leading to the melting of glaciers and ice
caps, contributing to rising sea levels and threatening coastal communities.
Impact on Ecosystems: Many animal and plant species are at risk due to habitat loss,
changing temperatures, and shifting climate zones, leading to biodiversity loss.
Human Health Impact: Heatwaves, poor air quality, and the spread of diseases like malaria are
becoming more common due to climate change.
Rising Sea Levels: As glaciers melt and oceans warm, sea levels rise, threatening to submerge
low-lying areas and islands, displacing millions of people.
Efforts to Combat Global Warming: Global initiatives like the Paris Agreement aim to limit
global temperature rise to below 2°C by reducing carbon emissions and adopting renewable
energy sources.
Importance of Individual Action: Simple actions like reducing energy consumption, using
public transportation, planting trees, and supporting eco-friendly policies can help reduce the
effects of global warming.
