SOUTHERN MINDANAO COLLEGES

Jamisola St. Sta. Lucia Dist. Pagadian City, Zamboanga Del Sur

Prelim Exam

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY

GE 8 (6:20 – 8:20 P.M.) TTH
ROOM 209

Submitted by:
Rick Jarren Q. Bajolo
BSCE – II

Submitted to:
Mr. Leonardo Bulawin
Instructor

September 23, 2022

 Think about these Questions:
1. Is our reference of science justified?
Yes. Science deserves to be revered. People rely on science to make them
and us believe. Additionally, Filipinos have evolved from listening to
superstitious beliefs to today, when we accept the majority of explanations
offered by science. A well-known and recognized method of understanding
things for certain is science.

2. Were we successful so far in trying to tie down technology with what we

conceive as human flourishing?
Yes. Science and technology's many labor-saving inventions have made a
significant contribution to human flourishing. Even though various
people may have different perspectives on human flourishing, we can all
agree that technology, such as fire, improves our lives. Fire has been the
foundation of technology and has been crucial to human life in many
ways, including sterilizing objects and heating our food.

3. What do you think contributes human flourishing?

- A person must use their unique talents and virtues in the pursuit of their
freely and logically chosen values and goals in order to flourish.
Personally, I believe that when we encounter various circumstances and
respond appropriately to them, we flourish. The uniqueness, dignity,
diversity, independence, happiness, and overall well-being of each person
within their wider family, society, and population are all parts of what is
meant by "human flourishing." The majority of us want to improve the
lives of our kids or the young people. The key to human advancement
must be the desire to create things that will make life simpler and more
convenient for future generations.
 Activity:
1. State a brief history or discovery that brought about the invention or discovery of
the things stated below. State their contributions in our scientific development
a. Gravity:
Sir Isaac Newton, an English mathematician and scientist who worked between 1642 and
1727, first theorized the concept of gravity after observing a falling apple while
pondering the laws of nature. In order for falling things like apples to begin moving from
the rest, Newton reasoned that some force must be at work. Additionally, he understood
that the moon would leave Earth in a direct line parallel to its orbit if a force were not
causing it to fall in that direction. The moon is merely a stray object passing through the
Earth is drawn in by gravity. He later gave this force the name "gravity" and concluded
that all objects are subject to gravitational forces.

The law of universal gravitation, which states that these forces are proportional to the
product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between
them, was developed in response to the discovery of gravity. Thus, physics and
astronomy continue to use the aforementioned law of universal gravitation.
b. Telescope:
Hans Lippershey, a manufacturer of glasses, submitted a patent application in 1608.
Galileo enhanced design and used astronomy later in 1609. After these two scientists,
development is raging. A broad variety of telescope designs were created for wavelengths
ranging from radio to gamma rays. After 1960, the development of space observatories
made it feasible to observe various bands that were otherwise inaccessible from the
ground, such as X-rays and longer wavelength infrared bands.

c. Processed Food:
Goes back to the prehistoric eras, when rudimentary processing included cooking
methods like smoking, steaming, and more along with methods of fermenting such drying
and salt preservation. For simplicity of consumption, processed food is professionally
prepared. These foods' primary function today is to reduce the amount of time required
for preparation. Processed food plays a significant role in agriculture, particularly in
extending the shelf life of food products and ensuring food safety.

d. Microscope:
In the 13th century, grinding glass for eyeglasses and magnifying glasses was a
widespread practice. Several Dutch lens makers created magnifying devices in the late
16th century, but Galileo Galilei invented the first one the microscope in 1609. Scientists
and academics may now examine the minute organisms that are all around them thanks to
the discovery of the microscope. The invention of the microscope allowed people to leave
the realm of the invisible and enter one where disease-causing substances were
identifiable, identified, and eventually prevented.
e. Radio:
Is a result of years of experimental research into how radio waves might be adapted for
signaling. The culmination of the efforts of numerous scientists was Guglielmo Marconi's
development of a wireless communication system that was both commercially and
technically successful. Many contend that Popov invented radio, although he didn't
commercialize or patent his discoveries.

The invention of radio contributed to the development of broadcasts that may inform
listeners of the most recent events in real time. As a result, radio has the capacity to
overcome international boundaries and can be a useful informational resource in areas
with a dearth of trustworthy news.

f. Benzene Ring:
Three brilliant men independently discovered benzene: Michael Faraday in 1825 while
studying lighting gas; Eilhardt Mitscherlich in 1834 while studying heated benzoic acid
and lime; and A.W. von Hofmann in 1845 when isolating benzene from coal tar. The
aforementioned researcher who found benzene substantially aided August Kekule, even
though Kekule was the one who observed the ring structure of benzene in 1865.

The discovery of the benzene ring had a significant impact on the nylon, plastic, resin,
and synthetic fiber sectors. In addition, various types of lubricants, rubbers, dyes,
detergents, drugs, and pesticides are made from benzene.

g. Large Hadron Collider:

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the largest machine in the world and the world's
largest particle collider, was proposed by Peter Higgs in 1960 as a particle that had given
other particles their mass in the beginning of time. According to scientists, it can perform
experiments as well as potentially new facilities that could smash particles at energy well
beyond what the existing LHC is capable of.

h. Guns:
The Gatling Gun, developed by Richard Gatling and used by Union forces in the
American Civil War in the 1860s, is regarded as the first successful rapid-fire weapon.
However, in terms of our history, Chinese fire lances were considered the first guns in the
10th century.
It is well known that guns helped to guard and protect throughout times of conflict.
Though many claim that the invention of the gun put an end to violence and crime, the
utility of any technology, including the rifle, depends entirely on its user.

i. Internet:
Began with Nikola Tesla's concept of a global wireless network, and the first functional
Internet prototype appeared in the late 1960s with the development of APARNET, which
 made use of packet switching to enable numerous computers to communicate on a single
network.
Of the 6.8 billion people on the planet, one-third frequently use the internet. Internet
usage has so actively contributed to individuals' access to information and participation in
their communities. Due to its widespread use and emphasis on strong communication
skills, the Internet is a significant channel for science communication.

j. Cell Phones:
The first company to create a portable mobile phone was Motorola. Martin Cooper, a
researcher and executive, placed the first mobile phone call using portable subscriber
equipment on April 3, 1973. Cooper called Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs on the same day
they faced off.
The widespread usage of cellphones in society makes it simpler for people to
communicate and live and work wherever they choose. More than 90% of current users
claim that using it increases their productivity.

2. Brainstorming. Try to determine the possible alternatives to growth and

development. List down several ways to promote sustainable living and start a mini-
campaign advocating the method of your choice.

Sustainability is a not a choice but a necessity. Here is a list we can do to promote

sustainable living:

This campaign, "Grow Your Own Garden," isn't necessarily about being a
Plantito or Plantita. A succulent or any other plant, in my opinion, should be present in
every home. Your air will get cleaner as a result.

Reduce the usage of single-use plastics; I conducted my own research on this

issue for my Filipino Essay last semester. Despite the fact that seven out of ten Filipinos
support the outlawing of single-use plastic, we are still the fourth-highest consumers of
plastic in the world. I think the issue is how the government is being implemented. They
place more emphasis on the general population than on the businesses that continue to
advocate the use of single-use plastic in their products. As a result, this will initially have
a negative impact, especially on the poorest citizens who frequently purchase Tinge.
However, in the long run, it will provide an entire country with a new beginning in terms
of reducing plastic, which will reduce floods and global warming.

Energy conservation will benefit us both financially and environmentally. It will

enable us to lower our utility costs. It merely requires you to check for defective wiring,
dripping faucets or pipes, and outdated equipment. It doesn't involve an upfront
expenditure. It would be quite beneficial to just switch off the lights and disconnect items
when not in use.
 Think about these questions:
1. What would have happened to humankind if technology did not exist?
Humans may have a relatively tiny number overall, and the worst-case scenario is that
they will go extinct. Because we live such brief lives, the human race is fragile. Our
ability to adapt to some changes in nature does not ensure our survival. In the wild,
animals' instincts for survival are stronger. I'm now watching an anime, which has a
big impact on how I respond to this issue. Doctor Stone is the name of the anime, in
which science and technology have been lost as a result of an unidentified event that
turned everyone on Earth into stone. In that anime, an astronaut who survived the
incident and returned to Planet Earth is unable to even endure a minor illness because
they are unable to produce a cure. They struggle to survive, and the majority of what
they do is what we would associate with primitive humans.

2. Do you agree with Martin Heidegger in his idea that technology should only be seen
as one of the approaches in perceiving truth? What are other possible approaches
we should consider?
With Martin Heidegger, I disagree. Although I may admire the individual for his
persistence in developing and publishing that theory, technology has never been a
method for understanding reality. Insofar as it only offers possibilities and does not
coerce someone to choose any particular option, technology is neutral. Every new
technology is ours to employ however we see fit. Depending on how we choose to
utilize it and how it impacts us, we have the potential for both positive and bad
outcomes.

We must approach technology impartially. Humans can choose how they use and
perceive technology. We rely on it and employ it as we see fit. The opposite is not
true. Consider the technology of dynamite. In order to speed up the construction of
canals, it was developed and put to service in 1866 for drilling tunnels and blasting
rocks. Later on, though, it was employed in civil wars, and illegal people still use it
today to catch fish in bodies of water.
 Activities:
1. Role Playing. Try to imagine the world without technology. How do you think your day-
to-day life would be like? Do this by illustrating a scenario where a certain technological
innovation does not exist. Below are examples you could use:
a. Watch - Because watches help us estimate time, keep us on schedule, and arrange our
lives, a society without them would be chaotic. Without a watch, a doctor can, for
instance, forget to schedule visits, schedule treatments, document patient care, and
check and measure vital signs.
b. Cellphones - The duration of communication would be considerably grown as a
result of quick communication made possible by cell phones. without a mobile
device. long way off. Communication would be challenging, making it challenging to
stay in touch with friends or relatives who might be located far away. Without
phones, modern life resembles that of the past. The era of letters will return. We'll
begin composing letters. The letters' varied sentiments include love,joy.sorrow. And
we'll be eagerly anticipating any letters. Our writing abilities aren't so great now.
Nevertheless, this will help us write better and use better grammar. On phones, more
lies are spoken. So, when there is no cellphone, there is no lying. As a result, people
start being honest. Children today spend a lot of time playing games on their mobile
devices. As a result, their eyes weaken and they continue to be physically unfit.
However, without cellphones, kids would go outside and play different physical
games on the ground, keeping them physically healthy. Many of them might also be
able to represent their country internationally. Students don't study books; instead,
they only utilize their cell phones to look up information as necessary. However,
when phones are unavailable, people read more books and there are certain
drawbacks, but understanding what they contain will help people develop good minds
and good thinking processes. People's ability to communicate swiftly is limited.
c. Light Bulbs - There would need to be a lot of candles kept about the house. There
were moments when the streets were so pitch-black that you probably wouldn't go
outdoors after dark. A modest, basic light bulb has the power to make all the
difference in the world. It has given the human species a tremendous degree of
security and comfort.
d. Cars - A world without vehicles might be better for the environment since it would
be less polluting, but the challenge arises when we need to move in a certain region as
quickly as possible. Fortunately, there are still alternative modes of transportation that
exist, such as bicycles, planes, ships, and trains.
e. Printing Press - We would not have books, magazines or newspapers. Posters, flyers,
pamphlets and mailers would not exist. The printing press allows us to share large
amounts of information quickly and in huge numbers.
f. Electricity - Life without electricity is fatal to the human race. For example, a person
on life support will die the moment electricity ceased to exist.
2. Philosophical Debate. Discuss whether technology is a means to an end or an end in
itself. The first supports the notion that technology is an instrument to achieve human
goals, and the second supports the notion that technology is what humanity does. List
down pertinent points and construct an individual position paper regarding your stance.
“PRO” side
Introduction:
Science is the methodical process of compiling and arranging knowledge about the
universe into verifiable, explicable, and predictable hypotheses.
Technology uses science to accomplish a variety of goals. By definition, this makes
technology a means unto itself, but you could argue that all science, and therefore all
technology, serves to improve human existence and enjoyment while also advancing
what has been tested and is known in science. In this case, technology would serve as
both the goal and the means to that end.
Key Points:
• All of humanity has relied on technology; it's almost as if they can't function without it.
• Technology fills the gap in educational quality by bringing books and textbooks to life
and enhancing student learning.
• By removing traditional barriers to learning, technology in education has made it possible
for teachers and students to work together in real time on cutting-edge instructional tools.