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Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR) Vol. VIII, No.

II (Spring 2023) Pages: 554-568


ISSN (Online): 2520-0348 ISSN (Print): 2616-793X ISSN (Linkage): 2520-0348

The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from


Scopus Database

Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad* Muhammad Ziaullah† Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq ‡

Corresponding Author: Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad (Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Business


Administration, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Email: aqtabahmad@gmail.com )

Abstract: In this study, we explore the significance of environmental factors for companies and large
businesses in the rapidly growing modern world. The focus is on green competitiveness, which plays a
crucial role in sustainable development. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 30,000 scientific
papers indexed in the Scopus database from 1996 to 2019. The analysis revealed that 2004 marked a
turning point when research articles from around the world began highlighting the value of green
competitiveness, a trend that has continued to dominate since then. Major nations like the United
States, China, India, Great Britain, and Taiwan have addressed this phenomenon. The study identified
clusters of scientific papers that connect green competitiveness with concepts such as green marketing,
green innovation, and sustainable development. The findings suggest that implementing effective
marketing strategies based on green competitiveness can contribute to building a productive and
sustainable society.

Key Words: Green Competitiveness, Sustainable Society, Clusters, Scopus Database

Introduction increasing competitive strategies and competitive


advantage.
When judged at the measuring threshold of
the scale of development, today’s definition of a It becomes inevitably more prominent when
successful business will be illustrated as the ones taken into account in terms of green marketing
promoting efficient strategies to prove to be context to gain mega share in the ever-
environmentally friendly at its full potential, competitive world today, that the phenomenon of
implementing successful long-term goals thereby efficient resource utilization is the one that would
providing the best solution to curb out thoroughly lead towards a strong formation of
environmental problems, along with a reduction research and terminological basis.
in the level of anthropogenic pressure in the The unending war of market leadership
environment, saving resources, and finally guides and navigates companies to accelerate
building up a gigantic building block of ever- maximum usage of green products and services,
and it all pays tribute to the company’s efforts to

* Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
† Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
‡ Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.

Citation: Ahmad, M. A., Ziaullah, M., & Tariq, M. G. (2023). The Rise of Green
Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database. Global Social Sciences Review, VIII(II),
554-568. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-II).50
DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-II).50 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-II).50
The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database

choose and implement careful, timely and conclude that these are actually social and
effective promotion of distribution channels ecological determinants that would determine
(Hrytsenko 2014, Aliyas, Ismail et al. 2018, competitive indicators. The core heart of the
Cebula, Chygryn et al. 2018, Dkhili 2018). If philosophy in their research discovers the fact that
companies want surety regarding successful a healthy population proves to be enough to
marketing and possessing lion's share in market perform work effectively, along with a possession
long-term domination, they have to immediately of good cultural and social security provided
devise a careful insight into how some factors thereby making a strong and prosperous living in
have been running along the planned vision as an environmentally friendly environment. Beyond
prompted by company, being economic stability, the slightest shadow of a doubt, core services by
highly socially supportive, friendly environmental the company including its relation to
policies, great technological advancement, top environmental problems, efficient resource
class managerial productivity, designing utilization, and production and promotion of
profitable marketing strategy, ensuring innovative green goods and services would drive, decide and
development etc(Rosokhata 2014, Boiko, stamp a strong market positioning(Shevchenko,
Samusevych et al. 2017, Bilan, Lyeonov et al. Koblianska et al. 2016, Yevdokymov, Chyhryn et
2018, Masharsky, Azarenkova et al. 2018, Bilan, al. 2018, Chen, Huang et al. 2020, Pimonenko,
Vasilyeva et al. 2019, Chygryn, Pimonenko et al. Bilan et al. 2020).
2019). The authors in the papers(Chygryn, Thus, whole the pandora box, including the
Krasnyak et al. 2015, Kendiukhov and theoretical background of market strengthening
Tvaronaviciene 2017, Lyulyov, Chygryn et al. would be unveiled when a considerable quantity
2018, Mentel, Vasilyeva et al. 2018, Uçkan 2018, of research would be invested in the plethora of
Chygryn, Pimonenko et al. 2019, Lyeonov, ever-shining green paradigms of ultimate
Pimonenko et al. 2019, Pimonenko, Lieonov et al. competitiveness and capability.
2019) finally came to put the endeavours of their
relentless research in a nutshell that how different Methodology
economic instruments prove to drive the fate of
today’s mega dominating dynasty of The following keywords including
environmental sustainability. “competitiveness, greening and policy” stand as
the prominent basis of our research methodology.
The research findings of some
Two steps were taken down to initiate and run
papers(Vasylieva, Lieonov et al. 2017, Uçkan
down the research process. A proper analysis of
2018, Am Marcel 2019, Bilan, Raišienė et al.
clusters and their respective scale development,
2019, Bilan, Vasilyeva et al. 2019, Bilan, Vasylieva
with a central cluster having scientific
et al. 2019, Shvindina 2019) are right here today
publications embedded in it, as well as affiliation
to prove how well an interconnected relationship
and contribution of individual scientists and
exists between macroeconomic and
countries.
environmental indicators. Along with a
magnificent congruency of research badged on Implementing and utilizing the programs of VOS
the topic (Eva, Marcel et al. 2017, Khan 2018, viewer helped accomplish the analysis process by
Ibragimov, Vasylieva et al. 2019, using the dates from Scopus, resulting in the
Myroshnychenko, Makarenko et al. 2019) came to visualization of a wide array of series composed of
a conclusion to justify how the Stamp of success proper major definitions, along with providing
would have been engraved over the marketing exact co-citation while investigating the policies
strategy of different levels when enriched with the that would make green competitive philosophy
rightful implementation of marketing factors of ever strong and developed.
the competitive strengths' formation. Many other
valuable types of research appeared to unveil the Research Outcomes
phenomenon that the linkage between A full-fledged sense including the establishment
environmental and economic indicators would of a research study based on a vital cross-sector
run along the same line of action. The valuable paradigm, along with the use of appropriate terms
findings of the paper(Letunovska and Rybina has resulted in interpreting the research under
2020) have paved the way for researchers to bibliometric analysis. Mega information

Vol. VIII, No. II (Spring 2023) 555


Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad, Muhammad Ziaullah and Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq

embedded in the scient metric division of Scopus constructed and holding its roots on gigantic
Database stood out to be the main target of this green competitive empire.
study to enrich its strong base information. Selecting and picking desired scientific
The daylight reality became evident that without publications of the Scopus database, covering a
carefully analyzing whether a strong connection time period ranging from 1996 to 2019, provided
does exist and is maintained between the sole the corresponding analysis (Fig. 1). The mega-
main categories including “competitiveness, level study cherished the in-depth analysis of a
greening, policy”, this research might never have huge bulky amount of 30,000 scientific papers
been accomplished at a marvel level of grasping studied, interpreted and analyzed over targeted
the majestic concept of scientific development and planned time horizon.

Figure 1
Illustration of an analyzed relationship of appeared and published key categories in the scientific
publications for enlightening green competitiveness.

Source: Authors have presented and composed this program with the help of VOS viewer

The study is primarily brought up to investigate for balancing climate change, boosting
whether there is found enough ground to prove a productivity, the stronghold of management,
link between classes and categories presented empowering industrial policy".
below: competitiveness and the philosophies The arousal of the second cluster, headlined
encapsulating the greening process. Thus, as ‘climate change’ reveals some precious
findings revealed the presence of three vital information including its core concept foundation
situational clusters in relation to categories as ‘’upholding economic growth, preserving
namely coping with competition, bringing about environment, uplifting ecosystem services,
climate change and ensuring sustainability greened and developed infrastructure, managing
practices. The philosophy of the top cluster, green finance, issuance of green bonds,
named ‘competition’ revolves around a backbone maintaining energy policy, green balanced
concept of keeping up environmental regulation, information systems’’. A combination of the
environmental productivity and efficiency, following categories has led to the formation of a
ensuring sustainability culture, taking measures third cluster 'sustainability' namely: balancing

556 Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR)


The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database

"climate change", keeping "sustainable and help while exploring whether a relationship
development", utilizing "alternative energy", thus does exist between the competitiveness of a green
ultimately reaching out to "competition", society and relevant other research dimensions,
proclaiming "efficiency", "environmental policy", that led to the complete and fully designed
"energy efficiency", "green infrastructure" e.t.c. hypothesis about the relationship between
The treasured findings being analyzed from gaining competitiveness and green growth and
the literature, pave the way for a piece of sustainable comprehensive development.
confident information to abridge a close This proved that these scientific topics have
correlation among the following categories been prevailing in the recent research trends of
namely gaining a green competitive edge, the Scopus database (Fig. 2). The papers studied
sustainable developed society, keeping intact included about 2,000 academic documents,
environmental regulation, well-balanced change covering a timeline from 1995 to 2019. The long-
in climate, etc. Running along the same line of term need towards sustainability in society has led
action, similarity in the following trend has been green marketing and green competitiveness to be
observed as that of above illustrated as the frontline topic of today’s research, getting its
encompassing a greened management along with increased importance earlier back in 1998.
environmentally friendly production process,
ensuring sustainable development that could Figure 2
engine the competitive environment and survive Historical illustration of green competitiveness in
in market contingencies while lying within the specified journals along with different dimensions
bounds of an efficient and strong foundation of
the global market.
The charisma revolved around the main
philosophy of specific concepts and distinct
features of the scientific publication category and
its analysis relevance, namely "green
competitiveness" to prove to be helpful for some
future research. The following had been the
sequence trend while conducting the study on the
trend below: - articles being studied, interpreted,
monitored and analyzed in the scientometric
database Scopus by keywords "green During the same time horizon in 2016, the focus
competitiveness", "green marketing", "green has also been on a vital part of research which is
innovations"; - The data is grouped in different green competitiveness. The worth in the form of
categories facilitated researchers in even more validity of the topic speaks out from its rising
enriched and flourished systematization to utilize demand that environmental issues must be
it in a chronological shaped order and affiliation, implemented in actuality. (Signing in December
-Areas of use; - a wide range covered, starting 2015 of the Paris Agreement "On Climate
from citations given from targeted scientific Change"), the relentless research expanded its
articles and their analysis, to reference of analyzing wings and finally reported out the
scientists in corresponding speciality or relevant topics of grasping worth and which needs speedy
branch.; - a proper well managed co-citation and critical measures to be taken ultimately and
mechanism of authorship, identification of core immediately, being environmental degradation,
vital key categories which could have been mostly speedily depletion caused in natural resources, an
used, finding their interconnection with the ever-increasing level of inequality, unfavourable
researches carried on a greened competitive climate change increased to a disastrous level, and
society; - publications arranged in chronological many more. Adding up to that, a fabulous
order and thus clustering of terms according to increase in the number of scientists devoting their
same, visualizing their networks in different areas lives towards the betterment of society through
(the magnitude usage and frequency adoption of increased measures of green competitiveness has
relationship); - uplifting and performing an increased to 20 per cent in 2019, compared to
analysis of a network pivotal to utmost guidance 2000. Further and in-depth accomplishments

Vol. VIII, No. II (Spring 2023) 557


Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad, Muhammad Ziaullah and Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq

achieved in analyzing scientific publications on Finally, two great horizons of research stand out
the accelerating issue of green competitive to be of business and management contributing
civilization paved the way to point out and cover 29%; environmental sciences make up 15%;
up many major areas of research regarding social sciences achieves about 14%, engineering
attaining many mature research achievements sciences make a share of 11%; economics proves
(Fig. 3). The pictorial representation in Figure 3 is vitality up to 9% and others (demand for energy,
a thorough illustration of cross-sector research computer literate society, prompt effective
carried on attaining green competitiveness. decision making, biological research, materials
science) - 22%.
Figure 3
Green competitiveness and different fields embedded in it. Source: authors disclosed the details by research
from Scopus database

Green competitiveness and different fields China, India and the United Kingdom have
embedded in it. Source: authors disclosed the become a research hub in the world regarding
details by research from the Scopus database research reliability (Fig. 4).
Cross-country analysis shows United States,

Figure 4
Green competitiveness along with cross border affiliates.

558 Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR)


The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database

Consequently, being such a magnificent topic of organizational identity of companies, how to


green competitiveness, a considerable amount of develop and utilize proactive and reactive
research has been credited to that one. Namely, innovations, and methods how to expand and
starting from a series of analyzing the names and diversify the market for green certificates(Li,
roles of how green products are perceived, till Zheng et al. 2017, Zhang, Cao et al. 2019). Worth
how they prove to be helpful to assess and curb noting has been a contribution of how scientific
out environmental risk, ultimately staying at publications prove to be backbone supportive in
boosted up green confidence. Huge innovative emerging and developing sectoral aspects on a
research is being carried out on the topics of green highway to promote green marketing.

Figure 5
A descriptive picture of how great scientists engraved great hallmarks in the enlightened field of green
competitiveness have been designed

A descriptive picture of how great scientists Huang et al. 2019, Chen, Liao et al. 2019).
engraved great hallmarks in the enlightened field Australia stables its position in third place. To be
of green competitiveness have been designed in a perfect one in forming a strong and firm
Figure 5 which discloses the ultimate reality that methodological background base and
how magnificently a group of scientist at Harbin strengthening the chosen topic by concreting its
University (China)(Zhang, Liang et al. 2020, theoretical foundations, thus studying priceless
Zhao, Zhang et al. 2020) goes on unveiling new features from great publications stands out to be
mega horizons on the philosophical shore of inevitable. To boost the potential worth and
promoting and enhancing green innovative vitality regarding the importance of research, it
concept, within the bounds of mega green becomes even more crucial and necessary to
competitiveness development. A thorough analyze the journals capturing the top 5 ranks,
analysis of unimaginable hard work and research encompassing a brightened universe of scientific
composed and presented by scholars (Fig. 5) articles published on developing environmental
revealed the fact that matchless contributions marketing and gearing up green competitive
from Taiwanese scientists led to occupying top efforts (Table 1).
positions in relevant fields of research (Chen,

Vol. VIII, No. II (Spring 2023) 559


Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad, Muhammad Ziaullah and Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq

Table 1
An arranged list of top productive scientific journals ranked on the basis of articles published on green
competitive concept. articles on the green competitiveness topic
Cite
SJR SNIP No. of
Sr. Journal Title Score
2018 2018 Articles
2018
1 Journal of Cleaner Production 732 1620 2308 78
2 Sustainability 301 0549 1169 78
3 Business Strategy and the Environment 793 2166 2488 47
4 Journal of Business Ethics 446 1860 2006 21
5 Journal of Consumer Marketing 217 0653 0967 18
Top Conference Series Earth and Environmental
6 044 0170 0536 17
Science
7 Journal of Business Research 532 1684 1920 17
8 Advance Materials Research 008 0121 0179 13
9 Marketing Intelligence and Planning 249 0580 1033 13
10 International Journal of Consumer Studies 211 0595 0973 11
Source: data arranged by authors, from record provided by Scopus database.

Therefore, the widespread scope of study Journal of Cleaner Production, Sustainability.


encompassing a list of top-ranked journals with While undergoing a deep analysis into top quality
Cleaner Production topping the list, Sustainability productive universities keeping tiger eye on
arising right next to it, Business Strategy taking relevant topics, it was revealed that kingship on
next place and the Environment capturing the the list is decorated with the name of Chinese
fourth place in the list, etc. have been analyzed to scientific institutions paving and smoothening the
validate a firm basis for research outcomes. Above most influential supportive highway for proactive
illustrated journals dominate the market by and top quality productive record in publishing,
possessing high citation rates and thus on the top and the list is thus enriched in following fashion
of demand by the scientific community. If rated with China Science Foundation (CSF) crowning
on the basis of a mega blend of two characteristics the list, Fundamental Science Funds of Central
(including a number of articles along with Universities right next to the CSF, Humanities and
journals being rated), this would be rightly to Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of
undergo a statement that the ones possessing the Education of China marks third place, Doctoral
most influence when judged from a dimension of Science Foundation embraces fourth rank,
how many published articles are envigored on National Aerospace Science Foundation comes
green competitiveness, this stands out to be next (Table 2).

Table 2
Universities ranked on the basis of validating the number of most concrete articles published on studying
green competitiveness
Number of
Sr. Scientific Institution Country
Publications
1 Natural Sciences Foundations China 85
2 Fundamental Research funds of Central Universities China 19
Humanitarian and Social Sciences Foundation of the Ministry of
3 China 14
Education
4 Doctoral Research Foundation China 11
5 National Aerospace Science Foundation China 11
Source: enlisted by authors with assistance knowledge material from Scopus database

560 Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR)


The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database

Thus, the enchanting charm of most cited envigored the struggle of our research and we
publications finds its roots in the restless efforts of have been able to successfully carry out analysis
Chinese scientific institutions producing top-level of disclosing different vector dimensions of
scientists. With the immediate and ultimate help scientific papers, thus devising a vast sketch of
of the VOS viewer application, the research terminological mapping based on configuring the
accomplished its objectives by thoroughly joint appearance of different terminologies with
undergoing and unveiling what could have been annotations also being included. The complex
the link between green competitive philosophy schedule of nurturing the analysis of determining
and its relevant embedded concepts, a deep cluster system of scientific publications has led to
analytical insight into the research being explored the unveiling of the mighty pandora box in the
from a thematic conceptual view, and the philosophical world of green competitiveness
possession of publication on the basis of (Fig. 6).
authorship. The corresponding program

Figure 6
Terminology map of the most common categories in publications on green competitiveness Source: composed
by the authors using VOSviewer 1.6.13

Thus, the main components to enrich the first energy could be made green in every possible
mega ‘’Red’’ cluster with their magnificent way, policies to regulate and innovate the
existence and performance, when showing the environment must be implemented, bringing
dominancy of environmental marketing includes about corporate social responsibility, the supply
the following concepts: ‘’marketing strategies to chain should be empowered with green measures
help in greening the society, entertaining the to adopt, reshaping the behaviour of diverse
consumer in green way philosophy, building up consumers to go in line with green society
the circular economy, producing and running a concept, green goods made and encouraged to be
developed society in a green environmental sold, and innovative measures and techniques
friendly manner, embedding green features to the flourished while implementing marketing
advanced technology, ensuring that renewable strategies’’.

Vol. VIII, No. II (Spring 2023) 561


Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad, Muhammad Ziaullah and Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq

The mega blend of some multi phenomena be established among the three clusters since they
scenario embedded in the nemesis of a splendid have been most close and interrelated. The
second magical cluster, when being affiliated with philosophical regime of relationships based on
the category of green innovation, enlists concepts different clusters and their respective
as appearing right below: ‘’ green innovative determinants is destined and decided on the basis
policies launched efficiently, ensuring sustainable of where the location of a specific primary cluster
corporations, continuous recycling, supply chain has been marked up. Being an integral component
being crowned with green adaptive actions, of green marketing, green competitiveness thus
efficient sources of energy being revitalized, ensures and determines how well green
implementing environmental regulation, innovative programs have been implemented in
achieving efficiency in the greening of products, society.
positive change in climate being stable and Besides, the visualized results place a milestone of
green’’. markup on day-light vividly evident fact that
The third cluster encompassing a mega concept of green marketing has been a subject of keen study
sustainable development is composed of the by most of the authors. Illustrating some
following categories: ‘’environment, managing phenomena about the relevant fields, maintaining
innovation, a balanced demand going green, a competitive green economy of scale, keeping in
maintaining the healthy level in consumption of line with spreading messages about
ecological treasured components, green economy, environmental issues and enlightening their
bringing competitive edge to environmentally awareness, environmental responsibility appears
friendly green level, launching environmental to be in the top array of research. An illustration
campaigns to spread out noble cause of awareness of a relationship among magnificent categories of
in society, producing individuals to bring about green competitiveness, marketing in a green
green environment in a responsible manner’’, etc. manner and eco-innovation is explained in Figure
Even a minimal line of demarcation could hardly 7.

Figure 7

Visual mapping illustration about scientific publications and their respective citations regarding green
competitiveness, keeping in check with a closest research area.

Source: composed by the authors using VOSviewer 1.6.13

562 Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR)


The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database

Besides, the advanced feature of VOSviewer the time horizon along with a fluent work to
software proves to be a milestone towards actualize the core key categories enacted by the
displaying the time-line about the boom of green competitiveness, a conclusion about the
visibility and appearance of studied categories, enlisted scenario has been drawn that the horizon
which obviously witnesses to have been prevailing of focus of firstly studies was concreted around
as more common enlisted publications being the topic being the enchanting green marketing
welcomed from Scopus database (Fig. 8). Thus, a regime, and then a phenomenal shift towards a
blue colour approximation would lead as a productive empire of keeping a green society as
dominant mark of ''maturity'' of publication and a innovative. Within the same time span of history,
yellow colour mark would definitely label a badge ample evidence of the publications serving as
of more ‘’modernity’’ to the scientific articles. scientific work for green competitiveness
After analyzing a thorough framework regarding occupied a timeline of the year 2017.
a consequently exploratory picture of visualizing

Figure 8
Categories devised in a terminological map, persisting to be most frequently prevailing in publication about
green competitiveness, occupying a time range of 2010 to 2019

Source: composed by the authors using VOSviewer 1.6.13

Just right at the moment of summing up the from the National University of Taipei (Taiwan) –
potential at the same time, visualizing the Chen Y, a marvellous work done by his great
terminology map proves to be helpful toward serving scientific publications(Chen, Lin et al.
finding out and exploring the citations featured in 2015, Chen, Chang et al. 2016) lead as a guiding
the scientific publications in the relevant field. pillar to addressing the issues of environmentally
Figure 9 is a whole illustrative complementary friendly consumer behaviour, as well as
picture of five clusters. The wholesome process to maintaining trustworthy environmental cause
sum up the most cited authors accredited to the along with aligning management of brand to
first cluster, recording the authors' names coming utmost green standards.

Vol. VIII, No. II (Spring 2023) 563


Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad, Muhammad Ziaullah and Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq

Figure 9
Visualisation of the network of the most cited scientists in the field of green competitiveness

Source: composed by the authors using VOSviewer 1.6.13

the second cluster registers a kingship as the most fully concentrated study of the most cited works
cited author to Li D. serving the Central Southern along with their content analysis, and after
University (China), and his restless efforts in the generalizing the results, the authors reach the
form of research papers(Li, Zheng et al. 2017, following threshold of conclusion with the help of
Zhang, Cao et al. 2019) certainly contribute to data processed by VOSviewer 1.6.13. The
green innovations and providing with a scientific observed trend, witnessed from carefully
base for how to assess profitability for analyzing and interpreting the publications
corporations. The third cluster clearly illustrates generated on green competitiveness, strengthen
the wisdom of Zhang D. in the form of scientific its roots to conform to the cross-sector potential
articles(Zhang, Liang et al. 2020, Zhao, Zhang et and capacity of multidisciplinary nature
al. 2020) that guide towards how to maintain and envisaged in the plethora of existing research.
regulate green innovation at its best, as well as The rigorous and pivotal category paves the way
assessing what could have been the dark side, to enlighten some precious points regarding the
proving to be disastrous phase of green consumer revitalization of environmental marketing,
integration. The scientific works and innovative green measures adopted along with
achievements of scientist Chen S. (Chen, Huang sustainable long-term development. Besides, the
et al. 2019, Chen, Liao et al. 2019) belonging to authors also kept abreast of some core concepts
the International Finance Institute of Guangzhou related to fields and philosophies of behavioural
University (China) dominate the landscape of the economics, building up green trust on an
fourth cluster, which focuses on financing green ecological basis, how to empower socially
innovations. The fifth cluster stands as a living responsible empire, attaining mixed marketing,
example of relentless efforts by the author Wang provoking stakeholder theory to positive climax,
D. who devoted his work (Han, Lin et al. 2019) focusing on cycle theory, and much more. The
to determining how companies can increase current five years have led to a vital upsurge and
productivity by launching green marketing boost to research within the bounds of magical
programs. green competitiveness. Thus, present research can
better explain and witness the increasing demand
Conclusion for dynamics to be explored in this field. In
congruency with the above-illustrated
Thus, after being able to accomplish a thorough

564 Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR)


The Rise of Green Competitiveness: A Global Study from Scopus Database

phenomenon, the green marketing horizon invites influencing the information and also designing
to be explored through some more intensive Internet technologies. The heightened surge in
insights using some relevant affiliated fields as the frequency of geographical affiliation certainly
being supportive, namely digital and social speaks about a piece of transparent and purified
marketing, development of socially organized information and research invested in green
networks, making full potential of stakeholder competitiveness being carried out so intensively in
theories, keeping environmental management scientific institutions in China.
and maintaining full audit, managing and

Vol. VIII, No. II (Spring 2023) 565


Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad, Muhammad Ziaullah and Muhammad Gulraiz Tariq

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