Unit Grammar Contents Examples
6 Use the with:
Groups of mountains and islands: the Himalayas, the Philippines
Rivers, seas and oceans: the Ganges, the Mediterrranean, the Artic
Ocean
Most geographical regions: the East, the Punjab
Deserts: the Sahara
Don’t use the with:
Continents, most countries and groups of countries: Africa, China,
South America
Lakes, individual islands, and most mountains: Lake Titicaca, Sicily,
Mont Blanc
7 Past Continuous We use the past continuous and past simple together to show that
one action interrupted another:
We were doing project at school about environment when I came to
the forest in Africa
We also use the past continuous for actions and situations that
lasted for a short or limited time in the past:
They were doing a project about great explorers
Past perfect simple We use the past perfect simple when we are already talking about
the past and we want to refer to an earlier past time:
He had watched his older sister playing tennis.
Past perfect in Claudia: ‘I’ve been busy.’ -> Claudia said that she had been busy.
reported speech Lauren: ‘Where have you been?’ -> Lauren asked me where I had
been
Claudia: ‘Have you seen any of his inventions?’ -> Claudia asked if I
had seen any of his inventions
