To be & Auxiliary Verbs

Direct > Indirect

Am/is/are > was/were

Shall/will > should/would
May > might
Can > could
Have/has to > had to

Tenses
Direct Indirect

Simple present > simple past

Present continuous > past continuous
Present perfect continuous > past perfect continuous
Simple future > past future

Time & Place

Direct > Indirect

Tonight > that night

Now > then
Next week > the following week
Tomorrow > the following day

Contoh Kalimat
Statement/Pernyataan

Direct speech:

Aria said, “I will give you a book next week”.

Aria berkata, “Aku akan memberimu sebuah buku bulan depan”.

Indirect Speech:

Aria said that he would give me a book the following week.

Aria mengatakan bahwa dia akan memberi ku sebuah buku bulan depan.

Direct speech:

He said, “I work in a bank”

Dia berkata, “Saya bekerja di sebuah Bank”

Indirect speech:
He said that he worked in a bank.
Dia berkata bahwa dia bekerja di sebuah bank.

Direct speech:

They said, “We are going to beach tomorrow”

Dia berkata, “Kami akan pergi ke pantai besok”

Indirect speech:

They said that they were going to beach the following day.
Dia berkata bahwa mereka akan pergi ke pantai besok

Direct speech:

She said, “I am sad now”

Dia berkata, “Aku sedih saat ini”

Indirect Speech:

She said that she was sad then.

Dia berkata bahwa dia sedih saat itu.

Direct speech:

I said, “John has been waiting for you since two hours”
Aku berkata, “John sudah menunggu kamu selam dua jam”

Indirect Speech:

I said that John had been waiting for you for two hours.
Aku berkata bahwa John sudah meunggunya selama dua jam.

Direct speech:

I told Jerry, “I can fix this computer soon”

Aku memberitahu Jerry, “Aku dapat memperbaiki computer ini segera”.

Indirect speech:

I told to him that I could fix this computer immediately.

Aku memberitahu dia bahwa aku bisa memperbaiki komputer ini segera.

Direct speech:

Marry told us, “I have to go now”

Marry memberitahu kami , “Aku harus pergi saat ini”

Indirect speech:
Marry told to us that she had to go then.
Marry memberitahu kami bahwa dia harus pergi saat itu.

Jika Verb di reporting sentence present maka verb di reported sentence tidak berubah

Direct speech:

John tells Anne “I will pick you up at seven o’clock tonight”

John memberitahu Anne, “Aku akan menjemputmu pada jam 7 malam malam ini.

Indirect speech:

John told to Anne that he will pick her up at seven o’clock tonight.
John memberitahu Anne bahwa dia akan menjemput dia jam 7 malam itu.

Direct speech:

Andy says “I have had lunch with John recently”

Andy berkata, “Aku sudah makan siang dengan John tadi”

Indirect speech:

Andy said to marry that he has had lunch with John recently.
Andy berkata kepada Marry bahwa dia telah sarapan tadi.

Direct Speech:

My mother says, “This flower needs to be watering frequently”

Ibuku berkata, “Bunga ini butuh disiram sering-sering”

Indirect Speech:

My mother said that this flower needs to be watering frequently.

Ibuku berkata bahwa bunga ini butuh disiram teratur.

Direct speech:

My brother tells to me, “I am reading a book now”

Saudaraku memberitahuku, “aku sedang membaca buku sekarang”

Indirect speech:

My brother told to me that he is reading a book then.

Saudaraku memberitahuku bahwa dia sedang membaca sebuah buku saat ini.
Dalam materi grammar, kita sering mendapatkan teori berupa reported speech baik dari
grammar online saat mencari di internet maupun dari guru ataupun dosen yang mengajar kita
di sekolah atau universitas.

1000 Contoh Reported Speech Beserta Penjelasannya

Apa sih yang dimaksud reported speech?

Disini kalian akan mudah untuk memahami apa itu reported speech, dan contoh-contoh
reported speech.

Reported speech terbagi menjadi dua bagian :

 Indirect speech (kalimat tak langsung)

Adalah kalimat yang digunakan ketika kita ingin menceritakan kembali ucapan orang
lain,tapi apa yang kita ucapkan tidaklah sama persis dengan orang yang ditirukan,tetapi
maksudnya sama.

Contoh: She said that she was angry.

 Direct speech (kalimat langsung)

Adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk mengutip langsung ataupun menirukan ucapan orang
lain ,yang isisnya sama persis dengan apa yang orang itu ucapkan. Ciri-cirinya ada tanda
kutip di awal dan akhir kalimat.

Contoh: She said, “I am angry.”

 Cara Penulisan reported Speech

Dalam menulis reported speech ada yang disebut Main Clause(induk kalimat) dan Sub-
Clause(anak kalimat)

Contoh:She said that he was happy

MC SC
  Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam Menulis Reported Speech:

Dalam mengubah direct menjadi indirect speech, ada beberapa langkah mudah yang harus
dilakukan:

Sp. Pres./Pr perf/S. fut. Perubahan : Pronoun

_________ , “ ______________________________ “.

MC SC

Sp. Past Perubahan : tenses,pronoun,adverb

 Perubahan-Perubahan tenses ketika MC berupa Sp. Past

Tenses di Sub clause direct Tenses di Sub clause indirect

Sp. Present Sp. Past

Pr. Continuous Ps. Continuous

Pr. Perfect/pr perf cont Ps. Perf/ps. perf continuous

Sp. Past Ps .perfect

Ps. Cont Ps. Perf cont

Ps. Perf/ps. perf cont –

Sp. Future Ps. Future

Ps. Future cont. Ps. Future cont.

 Perubahan adverb ketika MC berupa Sp. Past

Adverb ketika direct Adverb ketika indirect

Today That day

Yesterday The day before

The day before yesterday Two days before

Tomorrow The next day/the following day

The day after tomorrow In two days time

Next week/year The following week/year

A year ago A year before

Now Then

 Ada beberapa bentuk reported speech:

1. Statement (kalimat berita) dengan kata hubung “that” dan bisa dihilangkan.

Contoh: She said,”The bus will arrive tomorrow morning”

She said (that)the train would arrive tomorrow morning

2.Yes/no questions dengan kata hubung “if/whether +S + V”

Contoh: They ask me,”Will you go to Jakarta?”.

they ask me whether I will go to Jakarta

S V

3. Question words

Dalam question word hal yang harus diperhatikan adalah dengan ditambah kata hubung
seperti ”Question words +S + V”

Contoh: They asked him, ”What are you looking for?”

They asked her what he was looking for

S V

4. Imperative/request(perintah/permintaan)

 Imperrative yang verbal (+) with ‘to infinitive’

Contoh: She said,”clean the table !”.

She said to clean the table

 Imperrative yang verbal (-) with ‘not to infinitive’

Contoh: She said,”Don’t tell someone!”

She asked not to tell someone

  Imperrative yang nominal (+) with ‘to be’

Contoh: Mom said to me,”Spend money wisely”

She said to me to be wise to spend money

 Imperrative yang nominal (-) with ‘not to be’

Contoh: The lectures said,”Don’t be late!”.

The lectures said not to be late

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DIRECT DAN INDIRECT SPEECH

Ada dua cara untuk mengungkapkan apa yang seseorang katakan yaitu: langsung (direct) dan
tidak langsung (indirect/reported).
Pada kalimat langsung, kita mengulangi ucapan pembicara (speaker) sama persis. Kalimat
langsung biasanya digunakan dalam percakapan di dalam buku, drama, ataupun dalam tanda
kurung.
Contoh:
He said, ‘I have lost my umbrella.’
Kalimat langsung (direct) mempunyai dua bagian, yaitu: reporting sentence dan reported
sentence. Reporting sentence adalah klausa yang berisi siapa yang berbicara, sedangkan
reported sentence adalah klausa yang berisi apa yang dibicarakan.
Contoh:
Mike said, “I will come to your house.”
reporting reported

Sedangkan, pada kalimat tidak langsung (indirect), kita mengungkapkan maksud ucapan
pembicara dengan ungkapan yang tidak sama persis.
Contoh:
He said (that) he had lost his umbrella.

PERUBAHAN KALIMAT LANGSUNG (DIRECT) MENJADI TIDAK LANGSUNG

(INDIRECT)

A. Kalimat pernyataan (statement) pada kalimat tidak langsung (indirect)

Perubahan direct menjadi indirect pada statement ditandai dengan ‘that’.

Kalimat langsung yang reporting sentence-nya memiliki verb dalam bentuk present tense
(simple present, present continuous, and present perfect atau future tense) maka tidak ada
perubahan tenses pada reported sentence dalam bentuk tidak langsung (indirect). Ini biasanya
terjadi apabila:
1. Melaporkan suatu percakapan yang masih berlangsung
2. Membaca surat dan melaporkan apa isi surat tersebut
3. Membaca perintah dan langsung melaporkannya pada waktu tersebut
4. Melaporkan pernyataan yang sering muncul
Contoh:
Direct
• John (phoning from the station), “I’m trying to get a taxi.”
• Siska says,” The sun rises every morning.”
Indirect
• John says that he is trying to get a taxi.
• Siska says that the sun rises every morning.

Namun demikian, kalimat tidak langsung biasanya diawali dengan verb lampau (past tense).
Pada hal ini, verb pada reported sentence harus diganti dengan turun satu level. Perubahan
tenses tersebut dapat dilihat dalam tabel yang ada di bawah ini:

1. D: “Did they eat out together yesterday?”

I: "He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before"
2. D: “What’s your passion?”
I: "She wanted to know what my passion was"

link: http://www.wordsmile.com/contoh-soal-direct-and-indirect-reported-speech-dan-
jawabannya

3. D: She says to her friend, ” I have been writing “.

I: She says to her friend that he has been writing.
4. D: She will say, ” You have done wrongly “.
I: She will tell you that you have done wrongly.

link: http://kanjengguru.blog.com/materi-grammar/direct-and-indirect-speech/
5. D: He asked me, "Does your mother go to work everyday ?"
I: He asked me if my mother went to worked everyday.

link: http://edupelajaran.blogspot.com/2013/12/latihan-soal-tentang-direct-indirect.html

6. D: The boy asked John : “Does Mary live near here?”

I: The boy asked John if Mary lived near there.
7. D: Mary told John “Don’t wait for me”
I: Mary told John not to wait for her.

link: http://silvesterhotasi.wordpress.com/2013/05/18/direct-and-indirect-speech-reported-
speech/

8. D: He said to me, “Where are you going?”

I: He said to me, “What are you doing?”
9. D: He said to his servant, “Go away at once!”
I: He ordered his servant to go away at once

link: http://irena040506.wordpress.com/2010/05/21/direct-and-indirect-speech/

10. D: He said, “we will go to Singapore tomorrow”

I: He said that they would go to Singapore the next day.

link: http://triicecsfabregas.blogspot.com/2012/03/direct-and-indirect-speech.html

A. Change this sentences into indirect speech

1. Afrizal said, “I will give you a book next week”.

2. He said, “I work in a bank”
 3. They said, “We are going to Bandung tomorrow”
4. The Lectures said, “Don’t be late!”
5. I said, “John has been waiting for you since two hours”
6. Mom said to me, “Spend money wisely”
7. They asked him, “What are you looking for?”
8. She said,”Clean the table!”.
9. They asked me,”Will you go to Tasikmalaya?”
10.Andy says “I have had lunch with John recently”

B. Change this sentence into indirec speech

1. John says that he is trying to get a taxi.

2. Siska says that the sun rises every morning.
3. She said (that) he had lost his umbrella.
4. He asked me if my mother went to worked everyday.
5. Mary told John not to wait for her.