ЗМІСТ

1. The environment of public administration.........................4

1.1. Historical overview of public administration........................................................................4
1.2. Public administration as an academic discipline............................................................17
1.3. Public administration activities...............................................................................................27

2. Business management and public administration............38

2.1. Managerial, political and legal approaches to public administration..................38
2.2. Basic managerial skills and functions..............................................................................48
2.3. HR Management.......................................................................................................................62

3. Personnel administration....................................................74
3.1. Staffing, recruiting, examining, selection and evaluation.........................................74
3.2. Public administration personnel..........................................................................................85
3.3. Continuing education in the public service....................................................................99

Посібник: Іноземна мова в публічному адмініструванні (англійська)» (перший рівень)

Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
THE ENVIRONMENT OF PUBLIC II. Read and translate the text.
ADMINISTRATION
Тема 1.1. Historical overview of public administration Public administration has historically been difficult to define. In part, this is because
public administration involves a vast amount of activity. Public sector jobs range from
providing homeland security to the exploration of outer space, to sweeping the streets.
Public administration Some public administrators are highly educated professionals who may be at the forefront
of their fields of special expertise. Others possess few skills that differentiate them from
Pre-reading ordinary workers. Some public administrators make policies that have a nationwide
Answer the following questions before reading the text. impact. Others have virtually no responsibility for policymaking.
1. What is public administration? One can find a wide variety of public administration definitions. According to
2. What do public servants do? them public administration is a cooperative group effort in a public setting which covers
all three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial and has an important role in the
formulation of public policy.To cut a long story shot we can say that public administration
I. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations. is the implementation of government policies.
Today public administration is often regarded as including also some responsibility
for determining the policies and programs of governments. Specifically, it is the planning,
1. public administration a) державна служба organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling of government operations.
Public administration is a feature of all nations, whatever their system of government.
2. public policy b) національна безпека Within nations, public administration is practiced at the central, intermediate, and local
levels.
3. to make policy c) вплив на The body of public administrators is usually called the civil service.
Traditionally the civil service is contrasted with other bodies such as the military,
4. civil service d) впровадження the judiciary, and the police. In most countries, the civil service does not include local
government or public corporations. In some countries, however, some provincial staffs
5. homeland security e) внутрішні справи are civil servants.
A civil servant is a person who is directly employed in the administration of the
6. internal affairs f) публічне адміністрування, державне управління internal affairs of the state. However, his role and status are not political, ministerial,
military, or constabulary.
7. to involve g) державна політика Civil servants in every country are expected to advise, warn, and assist those
who are responsible for public policy. And when this has been decided, to provide the
8. to have responsibility for h) допомагати
organization for implementing it.
Therefore, the only possible conclusion can be made – public administration is
9. to be employed i) бути на першому плані
everywhere.
10. to be at the forefront j) бути працевлаштованим

11. implementation k) відповідати за

ІІI. Answer the questions on the text.
12. to provide l) залучати
1. Why is it difficult to define the term “public administration”?
13. to sweep the streets m) займатися політикою
2. What public sector jobs do you know?
14. to warn n) забезпечувати 3. What do public administrators do?
4. What definitions of public administration do you know?
15. to assist o) підмітати вулиці
5. How do we call the body of public administration?
16. impact on p) попереджати 6. What does the civil service include?
7. How can we define a civil servant?
https://quizlet.com/823217801/lesson-1-public-administration-flash-cards/?i=3ppqb9&x=1qqt 8. What is the job of a public servant?

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Модуль 1. Модуль 1.

IV. Give synonyms to the following words. VI. Complete the sentences.

1. administration 1. Public administration is …

2. responsibilities 2. Public administration includes …
3. to assist 3. Civil servants are …
4. to provide 4. Public administrators are …
5. impact 5. One can understand public policy as …
6. to sweep
7. vast
8. exploration VII. Translate the sentences from Ukrainian into English using active
9. to differentiate vocabulary.
10. сonstabulary
1. В Україні здійснюється державна політика щодо розвитку місцевого самоврядування.

V. Complete the sentences using the words and word-combinations from the 2. Я б хотів застерегти Вас від повторного допущення однієї і тієї ж помилки.
box.

1. Michael has been ________________throughout his service.

3. Війна завжди має пагубний вплив на економіку держави.
2. The Prime Minister noted the need ________________financial support to help those in need of
emergency.
4. Не потрібно залучати багатьох працівників до процесу щомісячного звітування.
3. Fifty employees were engaged in the process of program ________________.
4. ________________ studies the application of government policy.
5. Linda plays a crucial role in government ________________. 5. Людям необхідно надавати допомогу у випадках евакуації.
6. You may ask your friend ________________ you with the new assignment preparation.
7. We should emphasize the importance of ________________ reforms. 6. Ми проаналізували кращу зарубіжну практику впровадження державної політики у сфері розвитку
8. ________________ you need successfully to pass an interview. економіки.
9. Many employees in public organizations search for the positions of ________________.
10. Desk officers in the public service system can have different ________________.
7. Державна служба має бути доступною для усіх громадян України, яким виповнилось 18 років.

• responsibilities • policymaking 8. Потрібно припинити спроби постійного втручання у наші внутрішні справи.

• implementation • at the forefront

• public administration • to be employed 9. Чи повинен працівник нести відповідальність за невиконання своїх посадових обов’язків?
• administrators • to assist
• civil service • provide
10. Всі державні установи бажають наймати на роботу лише професіоналів.

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Модуль 1. Модуль 1.

VIII. Match the words and word-combinations with their definitions. Public administration and its history

1. public administration a) to assist I. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations.

2. public policy b) implementation of government policies

1. public affairs a) за посадою (відповідно до посади)
c) to make someone realize a possible problem or
3. civil service danger 2. by office b) канцлер
4. homeland security d) an influence on somebody or something 3. officeholders c) ієрархія

5. a civil servant e) decisions and actions made by the government 4. to administer d) не достатньо визначені

6. to involve f) government department responsible for the 5. to maintain e) посадові особи, чиновники
implementation of government plans
6. hierarchy f) посада
7. to have responsibility for g) a national effort to prevent terrorist attacks
7. chancellor g) державні справи
8. to be employed h) a person who works for the government
8. ill-defined h) керувати
9. implementation i) to include someone in an activity
9. to govern the state i) з’являтися
10. to provide help j) to have job or duty to deal with something or
someone and to take decisions related to them 10. post j) управляти країною
11. to warn k) to have a paid job 11. to emerge k) вирішувати справи

12. impact on l) an act of putting something into action 12. to handle affairs l) підтримувати

IX. Make up your own sentences with the lexicon from the Task I. https://quizlet.com/823223769/lesson-3-public-administration-and-its-history-flash-
cards/?funnelUUID=0d2dd6f1-b8c9-4e1c-852f-b0e1309fd536

II. Read and translate the text.

Early systems
Public administration has ancient origins. In antiquity, the Egyptians and Greeks
organized public affairs by office. The principal officeholders were regarded as being
responsible for administering justice, maintaining law and order.The Romans developed a
more sophisticated system under their empire. They also created distinct administrative
hierarchies for justice, military affairs, finance and taxation, foreign affairs, and internal
affairs. An elaborate administrative structure covered the entire empire with a hierarchy
of officers. This sophisticated structure disappeared after the fall of the Western Roman
Empire in the 5th century.

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Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
Early European administrative structures developed from the royal households of
the medieval period. Until the end of the 12th century, official duties within the royal V. Give synonyms to the following words.
households were ill-defined.
With the 13th century, a separation began between the purely domestic functions 1. to govern
of the royal household and the functions connected with governing the state. The older
household posts tended to disappear or declined in importance. The office of chancellor 2. to maintain
survived to become the most important link between the old court offices and modern 3. to handle
ministries. From the middle of the 13th century, three institutions began to emerge as the
4. ancient
major bodies for handling affairs of state: the high court, the exchequer, and the collegial
royal council. In England and France, however, it was not until the early 14th century that 5. to emerge
such bodies emerged. In Brandenburg they became distinct entities only at the beginning 6. to administrate
of the 17th century.
7. ill-defined
8. disappear

ІІI. Answer the questions on the text.

VI. Fill in the gaps with the missing words.
1. Who organized public affairs by office in antiquity?
2. How were the principal officeholders regarded?
1. Nowadays many private companies start ________________.
3. When did an elaborate administrative structure disappear?
2. Bad habits can ________________ with time or can remain for the whole life.
4. What did Early European administrative structures develop from?
3. All the employees of the local ________________ are going to take part in the annual conference.
5. How were official duties within the royal households defined?
4. In this castle, you can feel the spirit of ________________.
6. What major bodies for handling affairs of state appeared in the middle of the 13th century?
5. There is a strict ________________ in our division.
6. After leaving the job, I still ________________ contacts with my former co-workers.

ІV. Match the words and word-combinations with their definitions.

VII. Make up sentences of your own using the key words.
1. hierarchy a) a system where things are arranged according 1.
to the level of importance
2. to maintain 2.
b) very old
3. to govern 3.
c) a group of people elected to govern a particular
area 4.
4. council
d) fair treatment 5.
5. justice
e) related to the Middle Ages
6. to handle affairs
f) to exercise authority VIII. Translate the sentences from Ukrainian into English using active
7. ancient vocabulary.
g) to deal with important something
8. medieval h) to provide support for 1. Ми завжди просимо працівників підтримувати свою персональну інформацію в актуальному стані.

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Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
2. Для вирішення такого роду справ Вам необхідно звернутися до канцлера.
Grammar Practice
3. Молоде покоління повинно мати можливість управляти своєю країною. Present Simple
I. Read and complete the text about Anna. Use the correct form of the
4. Труднощі можуть з’явитися на будь-якому етапі роботи на державній службі. verb ‘to be’.

My name _______ Anna. I _______ thirty-two. I _______

5. Вони не змогли керувати такою великою компанією. an economist by diploma. Now I _______ a student of High School
of Public Governance. It _______ a training center for public
servants in Ukraine. I _______ a civil servant too. In fact, I _______
6. Загальні принципи безпеки життєдіяльності не є чітко визначеними в даній статті. a leading desk officer of the Economic Department at the Ministry
of Education and Science.The main task of the Department I work
at _______ to provide public policy and government programs
7. Посадові особи здійснюють свою діяльність відповідно до чинного законодавства. assessment in the related field. Every program we develop _______
aimed at improving the present-day situation in education. My co-
workers _______ very professional and intelligent.
As for my family, it _______ not very big. My parents _______
8. Існують дуже жорсткі вимоги для отримання цієї посади. from Rivne. We _______ Ukrainians by ethnic origin. My brother
_______ married, but I _______ single.

9. Чи мають право громадяни Вашої країни брати участь в урядуванні та веденні державних справ?

10. Сьогоднішня реформа правосуддя повинна мати на меті підвищення рівня захисту прав громадян. II. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. Civil service system __________ (to consist) of a great number of government institutions of
different levels.
2. Public administration __________ (to be) the implementation of government policy and the
management of public programs.
3. Public opinion __________ (to play) a significant role in policy making.
4. They __________ (to deal) with the internal affairs and represent all types of suggestions.
5. She __________ (not / to have) responsibility for the Logistics Division.
6. The department she __________ (to work) at, deals with HR Management.
7. This company usually __________ (to employee) near 50 workers every year.
8. Mrs. Boyko and Mr. Watson always __________ (to provide) us with necessary information.
9. They always __________ (to warn) us about changes in plan.
10. Depression and a lot of stress can __________ (to impact) daily life.

III. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. Public policy __________ (to be) an institutionalized proposal or a decided set of elements like laws,
regulations, guidelines, and actions to solve or address relevant and real-world problems.

12 13
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
2. The President and his advisers __________ (to make) policy in the government. 8. I usually provide necessary information on health-protection programs.
3. While the term ‘homeland security’ has changed over the years, its basic definition __________ (to
remain) an American national security concept.
9. The employees of our division are highly qualified experts.
4. If you __________ (to have) responsibility for something it is your job or duty to deal with it and to
take decisions relating to it.
5. We must __________ (to assist) people in social distress.
10. Civil servants work at government institutions and support political executives.
6. Public Administration __________ (to be) concerned with the organization and the formulation and
implementation of public policies for the welfare of the people.
7. We must always __________ (to warn) you that not all companies are reliable.
8. He always __________ (to warn) his colleagues when he needs to leave early.
9. The goals and objectives __________ (to be) formulated by the political decision-makers. V. Translate into English using Present Simple and current vocabulary.
10. Social media have become very important today because they positively __________ (to impact)
on popular opinion. 1. Наш керівник завжди залучає усіх працівників у роботу нашого відділу.

2. Складні проблеми мають прямий вплив на успішність працівника.

IV. Using sentences provided make up negative and interrogative
sentences.
3. Процес розробки і впровадження державної політики потребує спеціалізованих знань.
1. Alex provides assistance to his subordinates.

4. Він має достатньо інформації щодо аналізу державної політики.

2. Civil servants serve people.

5. Як керівник, він забезпечує допомогу підлеглим?

3. We analyze information on public policy very often.

6. Їх керівник не забезпечує їх усією необхідною інформацією щодо роботи.

4. The Commission is at the forefront of this battle.

7. Я працевлаштований у фінансовому відділі нашої організації.

5. Usually our supervisor assists us with difficult tasks. 8. Де Юля? Мені потрібна її допомога.

9. Він відповідає за організацію зустрічей для керівника.

6. Ann is responsible for assessment of employees’ work.

10. Що таке державна служба?

7. My supervisor is a lawyer by diploma.

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Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
Тема 1.2. Public administration as an academic discipline
VI. Translate into English using Present Simple and current vocabulary. Pre-reading

1. Рішення державної політики можуть мати значний вплив на життя громадян. Read the quote and discuss it with your groupmates. Do you agree or disagree
with it?
2. Волонтери завжди готові прийти на допомогу під час стихійних лих. “Public administration is the use of managerial, political, and legal
theories and processes … for the provision of regulatory and service
functions for the society…“.
3. Працівники міста старанно підмітають вулиці, щоб підтримувати чистоту. David H. Rosenbloom

4. Державна служба відповідає за функціонування державних органів.

I. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations.
5. Успішне впровадження політики вимагає ретельного планування та виконання.
1. contemporary a) наказ, доручення

2. recreation b) підзвітність
6. Зміни в економічній політиці можуть вплинути на бізнес і людей.
3. social security c) громада
7. Роль уряду полягає в наданні основних державних послуг, таких як освіта та охорона здоров’я. 4. sanitation d) сучасний

5. economic performance e) економічний розвиток

8. Це важко залучати нових людей у нашу організацію.
6. policy-making f) виконавчий

7. executive g) неупередженість
9. Як керівник проекту, вона відповідає за роботу всієї команди.
8. legal h) судовий
10. Комітет збирається кожного місяця, щоб виробити політичні рекомендації щодо захисту 9. legislative i) законний, правовий
навколишнього середовища.
10. judicial j) законодавчий

11. a mandate k) формування політики

12. will of the majority l) відпочинок

13. community m) очистка

14. to articulate clearly n) соціальний захист

15. impartiality o) чітко сформулювати

16. accountability p) волевиявлення більшості

https://quizlet.com/827397208/13-public-administration-activities-flash-cards/?i=3ppqb9&x=1qqt

16 17
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
security
II. Read and translate the text.
scholar

In the contemporary age, which has witnessed the emergence of «Administrative settings
State», public administration has become an essential part of society and a dominant to involve
factor. The functions it is called upon to perform, have expanded in scope and nature, to implement
and what is more, are continually increasing. Many of them are more positive in nature
because they care for the essential requirements of human life, be it health, education, to fulfil
recreation, sanitation, social security or others. to articulate
Some scholars have a different view about the administration and management.
Some of them believe that management is associated with the business activity, which has
to show economic performance, whereas administration is associated with the non- V. Complete the sentences with information from the text.
business activities like activities of the government. The other view is that administration
is associated with performing routine things in known settings in accordance with certain
procedures, rules, and regulations. 1. Public administration has become … .
According to David Rosenbloom, public administration does involve activity,
2. Many of functions are positive in nature because they care for the essential requirements of human
it is concerned with politics and policy-making, it tends to be concentrated in the
executive branch of government, it does differ from private administration, and it life, … .
is concerned with implementing law. Public Administration is the use of managerial, 3. Some scholars believe that management is associated with … .
legal and political theories and processes to fulfil legislative, executive and judicial
governmental mandates for the provision of regulatory and service functions for the 4. Administration is associated with… .
society as a whole or for some segments of it. 5. Administration is the use of managerial, legal and political theories and processes … for the provision
Administrative activities should be based on the principle of active involvement of of… .
the community and it should reflect the will of the majority. The strength of a public
service lies in its values, which provide the foundation for services for the benefits of 6. Administrative activities should be based on the principle of … .
the community. These values should articulate clearly the principles of non-political 7. The strength of a public service lies in its values, which … .
alliance, impartiality, professionalism, responsiveness and accountability that should
8. The principles of … should be held by all public officials.
be held by all public officials.

ІІI. Answer the questions on the text. VI. Translate the sentences from Ukrainian into English using active
vocabulary
1. What has become an essential part of society and a dominant factor with the emergence of
1. Права громадянина на охорону здоров’я, освіту та відпочинок захищені конституцією України.
«Administrative State»?
2. What are the essential requirements of human life?
3. What is the difference between management and administration? 2.Деякі науковці розрізняють поняття «адміністрування» та «управління».
4. What is Public Administration according to D. Rosenbloom?
5. What should administrative activities be based on? 3. В демократичному суспільстві волевиявлення більшості знаходить своє відображення на загальних
6. What is used to fulfil legislative, executive and judicial governmental mandates? виборах.

IV. Give synonyms to the following words. 4. Від економічного розвитку держави залежить добробут усіх її громадян. (well -being)

contemporary
5. Законодавча, виконавча та судова - гілки державної влади.
essential
recreation
performance

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Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
6. Серед суттєвих потреб людини (essential requirements of human life) є здоров’я, освіта, відпочинок,
санітарія, соціальний захист та інші.
Grammar Practice

7. Ми повинні чітко формулювати свої вимоги до народних депутатів – представників місцевих громад.
Types of questions

1. Yes/No general • Are you a public servant?

8. Неупередженість є однією з ключових характеристик гарного судді. questions • Is this English program difficult?
• Do they work in this agency?
• Does this factor have an impact on our work?
9. Робота уряду є неприбутковою діяльністю. (non-business activities)
2. Special questions: When…? • Where does she work?
Who…? • Who do you work with?
10. На думку Розенблума (according to …), державне управління / публічне адміністрування має a) Wh-questions: What…? • What does civil service consist of?
включати діяльність, яка зосереджена на формуванні політики. Why…?
Where…?

b) questions with How long…? • How long is your working day?

‘how’: How often…? • How often do you make reports?
How far…? • How far is the Ministry of Defence?

c) Subject Who…? • Who serves people?

questions: What …? • What division is responsible for this task?
NB: no auxiliary verb
direct word order
corresponds to the 3rd person singular

3. Alternative • Are you a desk officer or supervisor?

questions: • Does he assess subordinates or control them?

4. Tag (disjunctive) a) positive verb + • You are a public servant, aren’t you?
questions: negative tag:

a) negative verb •He doesn’t work at the bank, does he?

+ positive tag:

What kind of questions do you usually ask if you need some specific information?
What questions do you ask when you want to check information you have?
What questions do you ask if you need a brief answer without details?
What questions do you ask when you can’t choose between two possible variants?

20 21
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
II. Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.
I. Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.
1. The government has a mandate to protect its citizens.
1. The executive leader administers our company.
What ?
2. Social security helps people when they can’t work.
When ?
3. The legislative branch of government makes new laws.
(Yes/No) ?
4. Tim collects statistical data on social security.
What kind of ?
5. Impartiality means treating everyone fairly and equally.
(Tag) ?
6. My friends work in civil service system.
Whose ?
2. The President governs the state. 7. The country’s economic performance impact on everyone’s job opportunities.
What ?
8. The judicial system ensures justice in our society.
(Alternative) ?
9. It’s important to follow all legal rules.
Why ?
10. Policy-making involves making rules and decisions for the country.
(Yes/No) ?

III. Using the given sentences ask for specific information.

1. In modern society, technology plays an essential role in our daily lives.
What ?
What ?
3. They conduct staff meetings every Monday.
2. The company plans to introduce a new product to the market next month.
When ?
Who ?
3. It’s important to maintain a clean and organized workspace to boost productivity.
Why ?
What for ?
4. Julia’s subordinates are hardworking employees.
Who ?
Whose ?

22 23
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
5. The elected officials work together to govern the state effectively and in the best interest of its citizens. 7. Our company usually involves employees in leadership trainings to develop future leaders.
Why ?
Who ?
8. The customer service team assists with any inquiries or concerns.
6. Our lawyers work hard to defend the Agency’s interests in the court.

Who ?
What ? 9. The government respects the will of the majority while formulating policies.

Why ?
Whose ? 10. They work hard to fulfil their dream of becoming successful civil servants.
7. With patience and practice the confidence usually begins to emerge.
When ?
What ?
8. Maryna is your new assistant. V. Ask tag questions to check information.
Who ? 1. Public policies explain what the government plans to do to improve people’s well-being.
Whose ?
9. The IT department provides technical support for any computer issues.
2. Our colleagues from the branch office can’t cope with the problem.
What kind of ?
What ?
10. We usually discuss our plans for the week on Mondays. 3. He never represents his organization in the court.
Who ?
When ?
4. We don’t like to proofread documents.

IV. Ask alternative and tag questions to the following sentences.

5. The Cabinet isn’t responsible for appointing the heads of diplomatic missions to foreign states.
1. The employer conducts interviews to select the most qualified candidate for the job.

6. I am quite flexible and co-operative.

2. The company’s employees gather for the staff meeting every Wednesday.

3. The public service system is a complex bureaucratic structure.

VI. Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.

1. Civil servants are people who work for all kinds of government institutions.
4. Applicants are people who apply for vacant job position.

5. Employers have the responsibility to ensure fair treatment of their employees.

6. She studies public administration to prepare for a career in government.

24 25
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
2. He usually finds all necessary information in the internet. Тема 1.3. Public administration activities
Pre-reading
What do we mean when talk about public administration activities?
What public administration activities do you know?

I. Search for the correct translation and pronunciation of the following
words and word- combinations.

3. Mary has English classes three times a week. 1. to deliver public services and goods

2. non-profit organizations

3. various
4. human resource management

5. policy analysis

6. program evaluation
4. We usually finish work at 6 p.m.
7. public sector ethics

8. budgeting

9. public health management

10. disaster management

11. community development

5. I am employed in financial department of our organization. 12. efficient and effective

13. crucial

14. well-being

15. smooth functioning

II. Read and translate the text paying attention to the active vocabulary.
Public administration as an activity refers to the processes and functions involved
in managing and implementing public policies and programs. It involves the use of
resources, such as financial, human, and technological, to deliver public services and goods
to citizens.
Public administration activities include planning, organizing, coordinating, directing,
and controlling public policies and programs. These activities are carried out by public
administrators who work in government agencies, non-profit organizations, and other
public service organizations.
Public administration activities can be categorized into various areas, such as

26 27
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
financial management, human resource management, policy analysis, program evaluation, and public sector
ethics. Some examples of public administration activities include budgeting, public health management, disaster What it means to be a public servant
management, and community development.
Pre-reading
Overall, public administration as an activity involves the efficient and effective use of resources to
provide public services and achieve public policy objectives. It plays a crucial role in promoting the well-being Who are public servants?
of citizens and ensuring the smooth functioning of government and public sector organizations.
What do they do?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_administration
I. Search for the best translation.

1. to provide evidence-based advice

ІІI. Answer the questions on the text.
2. to adapt a policy
1. What is the role of public administration?
2. What does public administration as an activity refer to? 3. to meet current needs
3. What does it involve? 4. resilient and strong
4. What do public administration activities include?
5. responsive to public input
5. What does public administration provide?
6. Where can public administrators work? 6. to maintain services

7. challenging situations
IV. Continue the sentences using current vocabulary. Put the verbs in
brackets into the correct Present Simple form. 8. to make a difference
1. The spheres of public administration activities (to be)
9. to put public interests first
2. Public administrators (to be)
3. They (work) in 10. to work hard
4. The effective and efficient use of resources (to provide) 11. a noble purpose
5. Planning, organizing, coordinating (to be)
12. to be dedicated to
6. Public administration (to play) an important role in
13. oral and written communication skills
V. Say in English
14. to solve problems
1. вирішальна роль
15. time management skills
2. різні навички
16. neatly and accurately
3. ефективний та результативний

4. управління персоналом II. Read and translate the text.

5. добробут громадян Public servants work for government and for citizens. They’re responsible to the
elected government, not a political party. They develop and deliver public programs or
6. управління охорони здоров’я services, inform policy-making, and provide evidence-based advice to leaders.
Public servants regularly adapt policies and services to meet current needs.They’re
7. урядові установи (організації) resilient and strong – being responsive to public input and determined to maintain
services even in the most challenging situations.
8. доставляти товари A career in the public service is for anyone who wants to make a difference.

28 29
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
It means putting public interests first – ahead of personal interests. Many public servants say they chose Present Continuous tense: affirmative and negative sentences,
public service because they enjoy giving back to their community. It’s not just about money, prestige, or the yes/no questions
«bottom line.» Being a public servant means working hard for a noble purpose and being dedicated to
Present Continuous
your daily work of serving citizens.
Affirmative (+) Negative (-) Yes/No questions (?)
https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/careers-myhr/about-the-bc-public-service/being-a-
public-servant I am I am am I
Verb + Verb + Verb +
is not
He/she/it ing He/she/it ing He/she/it ing
Personal requirements for a public servant
is (isn’t) is
working… working… working… ?
You making… You making… You making…
– Good oral and written communication skills.
We are living… We are not living… are We living…
– Able to analyse and solve problems. They They (aren’t) They
– Good organisational and time management skills.
– Responsible attitude.
– Able to work neatly and accurately. Meanings of the Present Continuous tense. This tense may express:
– Able to work as part of a team 1. an activity which now • We are developing the structure of
– Methodical approach to work. is taking place at the bonuses at the moment.
right now
moment of speaking • A: Where is Julia? I need her help.
– Discreet when dealing with confidential information. at the moment B: She is interviewing a job applicant.

https://www.gooduniversitiesguide.com.au/
2. a temporary situation, this week/month • This year I am taking an English course.
event or change (the one • We are working on a new project
nowadays
which is taking place at the these days.
III. Make the right choice. present period of time, but these days • Is your English getting better?
not at the actual moment of for a while
1. Everyone should work hardly / hard to achieve goals. speaking)
for the time being
2. Will you help me to decide / to solve our current problems?
currently
3. No one can accurately /gently predict what will happen in the future.
4. What can the government do in order to meet / to fulfill the society’s needs? under the circumstances

5. You don’t have to be a politician to do / to make a difference.

3. a definite (decided, tomorrow • He is meeting with the boss tomorrow.
6. I still maintain / support contacts with my former co-workers.
fixed) plans for the near • She is going on business trip next week.
next week/year
7. Michael had to quickly adopt / adapt to the new working conditions. future
in two days, etc.
8. This problem needs specifically dedicated / ambitious studies.

IV. Describe, in your opinion, an ideal public servant. Note down the key
characteristics. Spelling rules for –ing forms of the verbs
a) make – making If a verb ends in a consonant + -e, drop the -e and add -ing.

b) inform – informing If a verb ends in two consonants, add -ing

c) read – reading If a verb ends in two vowels + one consonant, add -ing.

d) control – controlling In words of one or more syllables that end in one vowel + one
consonant, double the consonant and add -ing.
Do not double w, x and y: fix – fixing, say – saying.

30 31
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
Stative verbs
thoughts and feelings and senses and possession and I. Complete the sentences using the Present Continuous tense.
opinions emotions perceptions measurement
to agree to dislike to appear to belong 1. We___________________ (to develop) the structure of bonuses and compensations at the moment.
to believe to hate to be to have
to doubt to like to feel to measure 2. The Government____________________________(to take) hard decisions nowadays to change the
to guess to love to hear to own situation as quickly as possible.
to imagine to prefer to look to possess
3. The EU member-states_______________________________(to develop) common tools and policies
to know to wish to see to weigh
to mean to appreciate to seem to fight the recession.
to recognise to please to smell 4. Local authorities______________________________(to work) hard these days to snow-plough
to remember to enjoy to taste
to suspect to sound roads and streets.
to think to resemble 5. This year the City Council_________________________________(to repair) substantially the water
to understand
supply and sewage systems.
to need
to want 6. I_____(to look for) the Deputy Head of the Personnel Division.
to forget 7. The country________________(to enter) diplomatic relations with the EU member-states at present.
to suppose
to realize 8. The government___________________(to cut) taxes to encourage investments.
to prefer

Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic, depending on the context.
II.Change the following sentences into interrogative and negative ones.
think
1. Local authorities are providing educational services.
I think it’s a good idea.
2. The police service is dealing with a wide range of emergencies.
Wait a moment! I’m thinking.
The first sentence expresses an opinion. It is a mental state, so we use Present Simple. 3. They are losing profits at the moment.
In the second example the speaker is actively processing thoughts about something. It is an action in 4. This month students are visiting government agencies.
progress, so we use Present Continuous. 5. These days we are working on the next-year budget.

have
I have an old car. (state – possession)
I’m having a quick break. (action – having a break is an activity) III. Open the brackets, using the Present Continuous tense.

see 1. The government _____ (make policy) changes to improve the economy.
Do you see any problems with that? (state – opinion) 2. The charity organization _____ (provide) food for the homeless people in the city center.
We’re seeing Vlad tomorrow afternoon. (action – we’re meeting him) 3. The janitors _____(sweep) the floors of the school after classes.
4. The construction workers _____ (provide) materials for the new building.
be 5. The embassy officials _____ (handle affairs) related to visas and passports.
He’s so interesting! (state – his permanent quality) 6. A new trend _____ (emerge) in fashion industry this season.
He’s being very angry. (action – he is temporarily behaving this way) 7. The park rangers _____ (maintain) trails and cleaning up litter in the national park.
8. The hospital staff _____ (administer) medication to patients according to doctor’s orders.
taste
9. The elected officials _____ (govern) the country with laws and regulations.
This coffee tastes delicious. (state – our perception of the coffee)
Look! The chef is tasting the soup. (action – tasting the soup is an activity)

32 33
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.

IV. Write present continuous sentences from these prompts VII. Complete the sentences using the correct Present Simple or Present
Continuous tense form of the verbs(dynamic/stative) given in brackets.
1. minister / fly / Geneva tomorrow.
1. We (need) to wait. I (not/know) how long.
2. you / stay / at /a hotel / this week?
2. I (not/like) this dress. I (prefer) that one.
3. I / give / talk / on education this afternoon.
3. I (not/understand) what that (mean). Can you explain it?
4. situation / get / worse.
4. Janet (be) single. She (not/see) anyone at the moment.
5. they / not / build / new / stadium / next year’s Olimpics.
5. Tom (think) of emigrating to Australia.
6. the president / come / to / conference?
6. Right now, I (not/see) a problem. I (think) everything is fine.
7. Why (she/be) here? I (not/remember) inviting her.
V. Translate the following sentences, using the Present Continuous. 8. I (see) that you (be) very busy at the moment. I’ll come back later.
9. Don’t use this tool. It (seem) to be broken.
1. Я зараз пишу тест з англійської мови.
10. (you/realise) what that (mean)?
2. Я не розумію про що говорить ваш керівник.
11. You (be) normally a very polite person. Why (you/be) so rude right now?
3. В даний момент він готується до семінару з Державного управління.
12. Josh (love) Alice. Unfortunately, Alice (not/think) much of him.
4. Цими днями він розробляє новий проект.
5. Уряд розробляє нову програму місцевого самоврядування.
6. Наші урядовці намагаються зберегти лад у нашій державі. VIII. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentences
7. Директор нашої компанії залучає багатьох працівників до процесу звітування в цьому місяці.
1. What … the heads of the countries … about? The cultural and social divide between the citizens …
8. З кожним днем в нашій роботі з’являється все більше труднощів.
bigger and bigger.
a) think, gets
VI. Complete the sentences using the correct Present Simple or Present b) thinking, getting
Continuous tense form of the verbs given in brackets.
c) thinking, is getting
1. At present Ukraine__________(to think) how to develop its own oil and gas fields and consider d) are … thinking, is getting
alternative energy sources.
2. Currently France and Ukraine__________(to become) close economic partners; exchanges between 2. What … you … the president will do in that case?
the countries____________(to grow) in number. a) are, thinking
3. Member states of the European Community____________(to want) equal opportunities for b) do, thinking
participation in all spheres of the European life. c) do, think
4. Today they_________(to revise) the whole trade agreement between the South and North regions of d) are, think
the country.
5. Our partners_________(to come) tomorrow. They__________(to travel) by car, so we___________ 3. We … a meeting on Monday. It … at 9 a.m. and … at 11 a.m.
(not / to meet) them at the station. a) have, begin, finish
6. Look! He__________(to bring in) a case with lots of documents. Maybe there will be the document b) are having, is beginning, is finishing
you_____________(to look for). c) are having, begins, finishes
d) will have, will begin, will finish

34 35
Модуль 1. Модуль 1.
4. What … you … at the weekend? – I … a report. morning news program called “The World Today”. At the moment he ______________ (to interview)
a) do… do, will make the Minister of Finance.
b) will…do, make 6. Stepan is a diplomat. He ______________ (to work) at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He has gone
c) are… doing, am making to work in Spain. When he arrived, his Spanish wasn’t very good but now it ______________ (to get)
d) will…do, will make better.
7. You can borrow my laptop. I ______________ (not / to use) it at the moment.
5. We … lunch with Mr. Peters at the hotel and then he … to Lviv. His train … at 6.30. 8. The system of public service in Ukraine ______________ (to be) in the process of development.
a) are having, is going, is leaving 9. My colleagues ______________ (visit) an international conference on European public administration
b) will have, will go, will leave conference next month.
c) are having, is going, will leave
d) are having, is going, leaves
XI. Open the brackets, using the Present Continuous or Present Simple Tense.
IX. Put the words in the correct order to make up sentences for the 1. Independent mass media often ___________ (to lack) funds and for the time being they
conversations. ___________ (to face) numerous difficulties in carrying out their work properly.
1. A: You / at the moment / to be busy? 2. The need for training and retraining public servants ___________ (to grow) nowadays.
B: Yes, / to read / I / exam / for / my / in Public Administration / a book. 3. The High School of Public Governance ___________ (to train) public servants to deliver public
2. A: Why / to be absent / Svitlana? services timely and efficiently.
B: She / to prepare / interview / for / the / a new employee/with. 4. Even though individual journalists and their associations ___________ (to play) a growing role now,
3. A: Volodymyr / where / to be? / He / to have lunch? their influence and independence still remain limited.
B: No / he / at the moment / businessmen / to interview. 5. A supervisor in public service system ___________ (to solve) subordinates’ problems and (to resolve)
4. A: They / in the conference / to participate / now? conflicts among them.
B: Yes / they / on the topics / to prepare / presentations / their research / of. 6. Public servants___________ (to be) responsible for the development and implementation of public
5. A: Nick / the international seminar / to attend / this week? policies.
B: Yes / to work hard / he. 7. I ___________ (to make) reports to the Deputy Head once a week.
6. A: He / a lecture / to conduct / Public Administration / in? 8. At the moment he ___________ (to prepare) for the seminar in public administration.
B: No / to have / he / a cup / tea/ of. 9. Public service legislation ___________ gradually ___________ (to improve) in line with European
practices and legal standards.

X. Complete the sentences with the help of the verbs in the brackets.

1. I ______________ (not / to belong) to any political party.

2. A: Can you ______________ (to work) with the computer?
B: No, but I ______________ (to learn).
3. A: What ___________ you ____________(to do) for a living?
B: I’m a lawyer, but I ______________ (not / to work) at the moment.
4. I’m in charge of a small section. I ______________ (to assign) work to my employees,
______________ (to handle) any problem they have. Now I ______________ (to write) their appraisals.
5. John ______________ (to work) for the BBC. He ______________ (to interview) people in the early

36 37
Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
public administration in three separate directions.
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC Those who defined public administration in managerial terms, viewed public
ADMINISTRATION administration essentially the same as big business and accordingly ought to be run
according to the same managerial principles.
Тема 2.1. Managerial, political and legal approaches to public administration The managerial approach to public administration emerged as a result of the civil
service reform movement of the late nineteenth century in the USA. Civil service reforms
Pre-reading promoted this approach as a means of organizing public service. It was emphasized that
the business part of the government should be carried out in a sound businesslike
I. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations. manner. Wilson himself considered public administration as ‘a field of business as well as
a managerial endeavor’. This approach was very influential in the 1930s.
The managerial approach focuses on the three core values of public administration:
1. coherence a) визначати maximization of effectiveness, efficiency and economy. Thus, this approach is oriented to
minimize the distinctions between public administration and private administration.
2. to enforce b) дотримуватись Unlike the managerial approach which emphasizes on ‘what ought to be’, the
political approach stresses on the values of political responsiveness and accountability
3. integral c) забезпечити виконання
through elected officials to the citizens. This approach considers public administration
4. to identify d) засіб to be an integral part of the political process. The political approach also stresses on the
pluralism since executive branch is the representative of the society. The basic rationale
5. to eclipse e) застосовувати behind pluralism within public administration is that the executive branch is the policy
making centre of the government. The political approach to public administration views
6. vehicle f) затьмарювати individuals as part of an organized group. It tends to identify an individual’s interest which
is similar and identical to those of others within the same group.
7. to adhere g) здійснювати The third approach, called the legal approach views public administration as
applying and enforcing law. The legal approach to public administration has historically
8. consideration h) істотний, невід’ємний been eclipsed by the managerial approach. However, it has its own rich tradition and has
emerged as a fully fledged vehicle for defining public administration. The legal approach
9. to label i) наголошувати на to public administration represents two main values: rights of individuals and fairness.
Public administrator should adhere to process while performing the tasks, protect the
10. to carry out j) основний individual rights, be fair while solving conflict between government and individual.
These approaches have different origins, stress different values and structural
11. core k) підзвітність, відповідальність arrangements and view individuals in remarkably different ways because each approach
focuses on different functions of public administration.The definition of the field of public
12. responsiveness l) позначати administration must include a consideration of managerial, political and legal approaches.
It is necessary to synthesize these three approaches for better understanding the value
13. accountability m) розгляд of public administration and government actions.

14. to stress on n) узгодженість, послідовність

I. Match the main values with appropriate approach.
15. to apply o) чуйність
Managerial approach political responsiveness and accountability through elected
https://quizlet.com/835588325/21-managerial-political-and-legal-approaches-to-public- officials to the citizens
administration-flash-cards/?i=5adrgu&x=1jqt

Political approach rights of individuals and fairness

II. Read and translate the text.
Legal approach maximization of effectiveness, efficiency and economy
Public administration involves a number of complex functions. Not surprisingly,
therefore, as an academic discipline, practice, or theory, public administration lacks a
neat coherence. There are three disparate approaches to deal with the basic question of
what public administration is. These approaches are traditionally labeled as managerial,
political and legal and they are often overlapped.Their primary influence has been to pull

38 39
Модуль 2. Модуль 2.

IV. Answer the following questions on the text. VI. Complete the sentences with appropriate words from the previous exercise.

1. What are the three disparate approaches used to define public administration?
1. During the presentation, the speaker chose to ________ the importance of effective communication
2. What historical event led to the emergence of the managerial approach to public administration in the
skills in the workplace.
late nineteenth century in the USA?
2. Her ________ leadership style inspired her team to achieve remarkable results.
3. What are the three core values emphasized by the managerial approach to public administration?
3. It’s important for businesses to have a good understanding of requirements to avoid ________ issues.
4. How does the political approach to public administration differ from the managerial approach?
4. In this experiment, students will ________ the scientific method to draw conclusions.
5. How does the political approach consider public administration?
5. The ________ values of honesty, integrity, and respect form the foundation of a strong and ethical
6. How does the political approach view individuals?
business culture.
7. How does the legal approach view public administration?
6. The committee reviewed the proposal with great ________, analyzing its potential impact on various
8. What are the two main values represented by the legal approach in public administration?
stakeholders.
9. What should public administrator adhere while performing the tasks?
7. The company’s ________ to customers has contributed to its excellent reputation in the market.
10. Why is it necessary to synthesize managerial, political and legal approaches?
8. The government implemented strict measures to ________ traffic rules and ensure public safety.
9. The seminar focused on ________ techniques, offering participants practical tools to optimize

V. Match the words from the text with their meanings. workflow and productivity.
10. To ensure project success, the project manager needs to carefully plan and ________ each phase of
1. consideration a) to put into action the project according to the timeline and budget.

2. core b) careful attention

VII. Make up your own sentences using the key words.
c) to ensure compliance with a rule, law, or system
3. influential
1.
d) to emphasize the importance or significance of
4. legal something 2.
5. managerial e) to complete, accomplish, or perform a task or 3.
action
6. responsiveness
f) the quality of reacting quickly and positively 4.
7. to apply
g) the central, most important part of something 5.
8. to carry out h) relating to the law
VII. Translate the sentences from Ukrainian into English using active
9. to enforce i) relating to the activities, responsibilities, and skills vocabulary.
of a manager
10. to stress on 1. Важливо забезпечити узгодженість усіх дій для успішної реалізації проекту.
j) having a lot of influence on someone or
something
2. Чуйність до потреб громадян є істотною частиною ефективної взаємодії з ними.

3. Інформаційні технології є потужним засобом у сучасному суспільстві.

40 41
Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
4. Нові ідеї можуть позначати початок значущих змін у суспільстві.
Modal verb Usage Examples
Prohibition: Indicates something that is • You mustn’t use your phon during the
5. Керівник повинен здійснювати контроль над доступом до конфіденційної інформації. Mustn’t not allowed, against the rules or the law. exam.
• You mustn’t smoke in the building.

Advice/Recommendation: suggests • Public servants should be sensitive and

6. Основний принцип управління - це забезпечення максимальної користі для спільноти. a good idea, advice, opinion or a responsive to the public’s needs.
recommended action. • She should apologize for her behavior.
Should

7. Державна служба повинна наголошувати на принципи прозорості, відкритості та обґрунтованості Indicates a lesser obligation than ‘must’.
в управлінні ресурсами
Advice Against: advises against a • You shouldn’t smoke, it’s bad for your
Shouldn’t particular action. Suggests that an action health.
is not a good idea. • They shouldn’t be rude to others.
8. У своїй роботі державний службовець повинен застосовувати інноваційні методи, щоб
вдосконалювати якість публічних послуг. Ability/Permission: • I can speak Spanish fluently.
1. indicates the physical or mental ability • Can I go home, please?
Can 2. asking for giving permission • That can’t be true!
9. Його впливові промови надихнули лідерів прагнути до позитивних змін у світі. 3.doubt (can’t - не може бути, що…!)

Past Ability/Polite Request: indicates • When I was younger, I could run very
Could past ability or a polite way to make a fast.
10. Уряди всього світу працюють разом, щоб забезпечити виконання санкцій проти країн, які • Could you please pass me that folder?
request.
порушують міжнародні договори та угоди.
Permission/Possibility: • May I leave early today? You may leave
1. asking for and giving permission he work early if you have a reason.
May 2. wish • It may rain later, so take an umbrella.
More formal than «can.» • May all your dreams come true!

Modals Positive (+) Negative (-) Question (?)

I I
you have to + don’t have to + you
we infinitive infinitive Do we
Modal verbs show possibility, intent, ability, or necessity. Common examples of modal
they they
verbs include can, should, must, have to, may. Because they’re a type of auxiliary have to +
have
verb (helper verb), they’re used alongside the infinitive form of the main verb of a sentence. to infinitive…?
he has to + doesn’t have to + he
she infinitive infinitive Does she
it it
Modal verb Usage Examples
Strong obligation/Necessity: it • Employees have to attend the meeting
Have to indicates a requirement or obligation on Mondays. І. Complete the sentences using have to, don’t have to or doesn’t have to.
because of rules, laws or situations. • She has to complete the assignment
today.
• You don’t have to come to the 1. She __________ finish her assignment before the deadline.
Lack of Necessity: it indicates the
Don’t have to/ meeting if you’re busy. The attendance is
absence of obligation or necessity, it is not 2. I __________ wear a suit to work every day.
Doesn’t have to necessary to do something. optional.
3. It is an optional meeting. She ________________ go if she doesn’t want to.
Obligation/Necessity: when the • I must go now. It is too late. 4. You __________ be at the airport two hours before your flight.
Must speaker personally thinks it is important
or necessary to do an action.
5. I’m sorry. I _____________ go now or I’ll be late.

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
6. The car park is free – you _________________ pay.
7. John has a senior position in the company. He ______________ make important decisions. IV. Complete the sentences using should/have to/don’t (doesn’t) have to.
8. Why ____________ you _______________ work overtime?
9. You ______________ get a visa before travelling to the UK. 1. The staff meeting starts in 5 minutes. We _______________________ (to hurry).

10. My husband isn’t working tomorrow, so he __________________ get up early. 2. If you apply for a job, you ________________________ (to fill) in an application form.

11. They _________________ worry about the hotel cost, it is 10% reduced this month. 3. You ________________________ (not / to bring) documents yourself. You can send them by email.

12. Tell her that she _________________ pay by cheque. She can pay online with her credit card. 4. Kate ___________________________ (to participate) in this workshop. Tell her that it will be

13. We_______________ leave the area if we want to smoke. interesting.

5. __________________________ (you / to work) at weekends?
6. If you want to pass the interview, you ___________________ (to prepare) before it. Besides, you
ІІ. Complete the sentences using must, have to, don’t have to or mustn’t. ____________________________ (to find) out as much as you can about the organization you would
like to join.
1. This project has a strict deadline, we ______________ finish it by the end of the month.
7. __________________________ (I / to write) down any questions to ask the interviewer?
2. I ____________ call the client back as soon as possible, his issue is urgent.
8. My supervisor __________________________ (not / to take) another English course. His English is
3. She _____________ forget to turn off the lights before leaving.
very good.
4. I ____________ call my mother, it’s her birthday today.
9. I don’t think the government ________________ (to increase) taxes. It’s not a good idea.
5. We ____________ arrive on time for the meeting.
10. A: Do you think we ___________________ (to apply) for this job?
6. You _________________ work late tonight, you can finish it tomorrow.
B: Certainly. It’s ideal for both of you.
7. Everybody ________________ be quiet in the library.
8. Employees ______________ arrive at work before 9 a.m.
V. Choose and underline the correct variant to complete the sentences.
9. I _____________ work hard in order to get a promotion.
10. You ___________ park here. There is a double yellow line.
1. Public servants should / don’t have to be courteous, competent and cooperative.
2. There are a lot of mistakes in your report because you didn’t proofread it. You must /can proofread it.
ІІІ. Complete the sentences using should or shouldn’t. 3. The meeting starts in an hour. We don’t have to / mustn’t hurry. We have a lot of time.
4. All citizens should/ don’t have to participate in the coming elections.
1. Public service ____________ be politically neutral. 5. You don’t have to / shouldn’t introduce me to Dr. Gray. We have already met.
2. Remember: you ___________ read incoming mail but you prepare outgoing one. 6. During the test you don’t have to / mustn’t look at your neighbor’s paper.
3. They ______________ worry about things they can’t control. 7. We have a meeting at 7 tonight. You don’t have to / must come there a little earlier to discuss the
4. You ______________ learn to communicate in English and talk on professional issues. agenda.
5. ________________ public servant be sensitive to people’s needs?
6. All the activities in the public service system ________________ be based on the rule of law. VI. Complete the sentences using can/can’t or could/couldn’t.
7. A supervisor _____________ assign work to his subordinates and monitor their work in progress.
8. Local authorities _______________ provide a great variety of services to the community. 1. I _________ speak German, English and Spanish.
9. You ______________ plan any business meetings on Friday. 2. I’m afraid I ________ come to the meeting next week.
10. _______________ you report on the implementation of the assigned tasks? 3. A: ‘Are you in a hurry?’
B: ‘No, I’ve got plenty of time. I _____ wait.’
4. It _________ be his work!

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
5. He ____________ play the piano when he was younger, but he forgot how. 5. Нехай буде так, як Ви бажаєте!
6.We ______ do it just before the meeting.
7.______ you tell me where the Statistics department is, please? 6. A: Де зараз пан Стеценко?
8. He _______ take the day-off without permission.
9. I _______ print this document. I don’t have paper.
B: Він може бути на нараді.
10. Somebody switched off the light and Laura’s presentation failed. Fortunately, the engineer _______
repair the cable.
11. I __________ work on the laptop because I forgot to charge the battery. 7. Тобі слід проінформувати свого керівника про те, що сталось.

VII. Complete the sentences using can/could or may. 8. Йому слід вибачитися за свою помилку, а не ігнорувати її.

1. She ____________ speak five languages, but she prefers to communicate in English.
2. If you need assistance, you ____________ ask the receptionist at the front desk. 9. Тобі не потрібно вибачатися, це не твоя вина.
3. Students ____________ use the library computers for research purposes.
4. The weather ____________ be sunny tomorrow, according to the weather forecast.
5. You ____________ attend the workshop if you’ve registered in advance.
6. You ___________ use my computer.
7. ____________ you help me with these documents, please?
8. It’s half past ten. We ____________ be late for the meeting.
9. I _____________ imagine her speaking in public. I know she’s so shy.
10. _________ tell me where the Documentation Center is?
11. You ________ read this book, you know the language well enough.
12. You __________ read this document: it’s not confidential.
13. ___________ you provide me with all possible information on internships abroad?
14. I looked the documents through very carefully and I _________ find the mistake there.

VIII. Translate into English using necessary modal verbs.

1. Не може бути, щоб комісія відхилила цю угоду.

2. Не могли б Ви сказати Вашому керівнику, що я шукаю його?

3. Ви не повинні залишати робоче місце до кінця робочого дня.

4. Ви дозволите мені скористатися Вашим комп’ютером?

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.

Тема 2.2. Basic managerial skills and functions I. Match English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian
equivalents.

Basic managerial functions 1. to perform one’s responsibility a) бути переповненим

2. to map out b) примірити на себе декілька ролей

3. to accomplish the goal c) підсилити свій персонал

4. to discern one’s area’s needs d) залишитись на правильному шляху

5. to beef up his staffing e) досягнути мети

6. to remain on track f) визначити\ розрізняти свої потреби

7. to wear many hats g) окреслити

8. to be jam-packed h) виконувати свої обов’язки

II. Read and translate the text.

Managers just don’t go out and haphazardly perform their responsibilities.
Good managers discover how to master five basic functions: planning, organizing, staffing,
leading, and controlling.
• Planning: This step involves mapping out exactly how to achieve a particular
goal. Say, for example, that the organization’s goal is to improve company sales. The
Discuss the following quotations. manager first needs to decide which steps are necessary to accomplish that goal. These
steps may include increasing advertising, inventory, and sales staff. These necessary steps
«The best executive is the one who has sense enough to pick good men to do what he
are developed into a plan. When the plan is in place, the manager can follow it to
wants done, and self-restraint enough to keep from meddling with them while they do it.» accomplish the goal of improving company sales.
Theodore Roosevelt • Organizing: After a plan is in place, a manager needs to organize her team
and materials according to her plan. Assigning work and granting authority are two
«Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.» important elements of organizing.
• Staffing: After a manager discerns his area’s needs, he may decide to beef
Peter Drucker up his staffing by recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees. A manager
in a large organization often works with the company’s human resources department
«The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers.» to accomplish this goal.
Ralph Nader • Leading: A manager needs to do more than just plan, organize, and staff her
team to achieve a goal. She must also lead. Leading involves motivating, communicating,
guiding, and encouraging. It requires the manager to coach, assist, and problem solve
«The first rule of management is delegation. Don’t try and do everything yourself because with employees.
you can’t.» • Controlling: After the other elements are in place, a manager’s job is not
Anthea Turner finished. He needs to continuously check results against goals and take any corrective
actions necessary to make sure that his area’s plans remain on track.
All managers at all levels of every organization perform these functions, but
«The art of communication is the language of leadership.»
the amount of time a manager spends on each one depends on both the level of
James Humes

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
management and the specific organization.
Roles performed by managers V. Fill in the gaps with words and word combinations from task I.
A manager wears many hats. Not only is a manager a team leader, but he or
she is also a planner, organizer, cheerleader, coach, problem solver, and decision maker
— all rolled into one. And these are just a few of a manager’s roles. 1. As a teacher, I must _____________ by grading papers and teaching lessons.
In addition, managers’ schedules are usually jam-packed. Whether they’re busy 2. Before starting a project, it’s important to spend time _____________ the steps involved.
with employee meetings, unexpected problems, or strategy sessions, managers often
3. Setting small achievable goals is the best way _____________ of graduating from college.
find little spare time on their calendars. (And that doesn’t even include responding to
e-mail!) 4. A good mayor _____________ and works to address them in a timely manner.
In his classic book, The Nature of Managerial Work, Henry Mintzberg describes a 5. In order to handle a busy season at work, he decided _____________ by hiring more employees.
set of ten roles that a manager fills. These roles fall into three categories:
• Interpersonal: This role involves human interaction. 6. By setting deadlines and staying organized, she was able _____________ and finish her project on time.
• Informational: This role involves the sharing and analyzing of information. 7. A manager _____________ including delegating tasks, managing employees, and handling customer
• Decisional: This role involves decision making.
complaints.
8. The doctor’s schedule tends _____________ with appointments and surgeries.
III. Answer the following questions.
1. What are the five basic functions of a manager?
2. How does planning help a manager achieve a particular goal? • to beef up his staffing • perform their responsibilities

3. What is organizing, and why is it important for a manager to organize her team and • to accomplish that goal • to be usually jam-packed

materials according to her plan? • mapping out • discerns his area’s needs

4. What is staffing, and how does a manager recruit, select, train, and develop employees? • a manager wears many hats • remain on track

5. Why is leading an important function for a manager, and what does it involve?
6. What is controlling, and why is it necessary for a manager to continuously check results
against goals? I. Match English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian
7. What are some of the roles that a manager performs, according to Henry Mintzberg’s equivalents.
book ‘‘The Nature of Managerial Work’’? 1. to translate knowledge a) специфічні компетенції
8. What are the three categories into which Mintzberg’s ten managerial roles fall?
2. acquire b) набувати

IV. Decide, if the following statements are True or False. 3. in cooperation with c) вирішити проблеми

1. Good managers perform their responsibilities haphazardly. 4. self-awareness d) спонукати

2. There are six basic managerial functions. 5. to break down problems e) у співпраці з
3. Planning involves mapping out how to achieve a particular goal.
6. long-term consequences f) довготривалі наслідки
4. Organizing involves developing a plan.
5. Staffing involves assigning work and granting authority. 7. specific competencies g) передавати знання
6. Leading involves motivating, communicating, guiding, and encouraging.
8. to urge h) самосвідомість
7. Controlling involves checking results against goals and taking corrective actions.
8. All managers spend the same amount of time on each function.
9. A manager’s roles include team leader, planner, and decision maker.
10. Henry Mintzberg describes a set of ten roles that a manager fills.

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
5. Why are conceptual skills more important as managers assume higher responsibilities in organizations?
Basic managerial skills
6. What are some specific competencies that contribute to high performance in a management job,
Not everyone can be a manager. Certain skills, or abilities to translate knowledge
according to AACSB?
into action that results in desired performance, are required to help other employees
become more productive. These skills fall under the following categories: 7. What is leadership and why is it important for managers?
• Technical: This skill requires the ability to use a special proficiency or expertise 8. What is self-objectivity and why is it important for managers?
to perform particular tasks. Accountants, engineers, market researchers, and computer
scientists, as examples, possess technical skills. Managers acquire these skills initially 9. What is behavioral flexibility and why is it important for managers?
through formal education and then further develop them through training and job 10. What is tolerance for uncertainty and why is it important for managers?
experience. Technical skills are most important at lower levels of management.
• Human: This skill demonstrates the ability to work well in cooperation
with others. Human skills emerge in the workplace as a spirit of trust, enthusiasm, and VIII. Decide, if the following statements are True or False.
genuine involvement in interpersonal relationships. A manager with good human skills
has a high degree of self-awareness and a capacity to understand or empathize with 1. Technical skills are most important at higher levels of management.
the feelings of others. Some managers are naturally born with great human skills, while 2. Human skills are critical for all managers because of the highly interpersonal nature of managerial work.
others improve their skills through classes or experience. No matter how human skills
are acquired, they’re critical for all managers because of the highly interpersonal nature 3. Conceptual skills enable managers to break down problems into smaller parts.
of managerial work. 4. Managers may acquire technical skills through formal education only.
• Conceptual: This skill calls for the ability to think analytically. Analytical skills 5. The higher the management level, the less important conceptual skills become.
enable managers to break down problems into smaller parts, to see the relations
among the parts, and to recognize the implications of any one problem for others. 6. The American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) is urging business schools to help
As managers assume ever-higher responsibilities in organizations, they must deal with their students develop leadership skills.
more ambiguous problems that have long-term consequences. Again, managers may
7. Self-objectivity is the ability to evaluate others realistically.
acquire these skills initially through formal education and then further develop them
by training and job experience. The higher the management level, the more important 8. Behavioral flexibility is the ability to modify personal behavior to react subjectively.
conceptual skills become. 9. Oral communication is the ability to express ideas clearly in writing.
Although all three categories contain skills essential for managers, their relative
importance tends to vary by level of managerial responsibility. 10. Tolerance for uncertainty is the ability to perform in ambiguous situations.
Business and management educators are increasingly interested in helping people
acquire technical, human, and conceptual skills, and develop specific competencies, or
specialized skills, that contribute to high performance in a management job. Following are
V. Fill in the gaps with words and word combinations from task I.
some of the skills and personal characteristics that the American Assembly of Collegiate
Schools of Business (AACSB) is urging business schools to help their students develop. 1. The teacher _______________ to the students.
• Leadership — ability to influence others to perform tasks 2. I want to _______________ new skills in playing the piano.
• Self-objectivity — ability to evaluate yourself realistically
3. The company worked _______________ another organization to complete the project.
• Analytic thinking — ability to interpret and explain patterns in information
• Behavioral flexibility — ability to modify personal behavior to react objectively 4._______________ is important for understanding one’s own emotions and thoughts.
rather than subjectively to accomplish organizational goals 5. He likes to _______________ into smaller parts before solving them.
• Oral communication — ability to express ideas clearly in words
• Written communication — ability to express ideas clearly in writing 6. Smoking can have _______________ for your health.
• Personal impact — ability to create a good impression and instill confidence 7. The job requires _______________ like computer programming and problem-solving.
• Resistance to stress — ability to perform under stressful conditions 8. She _______________ her friend to study harder for the upcoming exam.
• Tolerance for uncertainty — ability to perform in ambiguous situations

VII. Answer the following questions. • to urge • in cooperation with

1. What are the three categories of skills required for managers? • self-awareness • specific competencies
2. Which category of skill is most important at lower levels of management? • acquire • long-term consequences
3. What does human skill demonstrate in a manager? • to break down problems • to translate knowledge
4. How can managers acquire technical skills?

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
III. Choose the best summary for the video.
X. Choose one of the five basic managerial functions (planning, organizing,
staffing, leading, and controlling). Brainstorm a list of tasks or responsibilities a) The video discusses the three essential skills of management: conceptual, human, and technical.
associated with their assigned function. Share your ideas with the class. These skills are important for managers at different levels of an organization. Technical skills refer to the
understanding and proficiency in specific tasks, while human skills involve working effectively with others.
XI. Translate from Ukrainian into English, using active vocabulary. Conceptual skills involve seeing the organization as a whole and solving complex problems. All managers
need a combination of these skills to be effective.
1. Тобі потрібно відповідальніше виконувати свої обов’язки.
2. Якщо менеджер буде чітко визначати свої потреби, він скоріше досягне своєї мети.
b) The video suggests that technical skills are more important than human and conceptual skills for
3. Протягом свого життя він залишається на правильному шляху.
managers. However, in reality, human and conceptual skills are equally important, if not more important,
4. У співпраці з американською компанією, нам вдалось вирішити багато своїх внутрішніх проблем.
for managerial success. Technical skills may be necessary at lower levels of the organization, but as
5. Його колеги спонукали його набути специфічні компетенції, для підвищення своєї самосвідомості.
managers move up the hierarchy, they need to rely more on their ability to work with and through other
6. Ця зустріч буде мати довготривалі наслідки.
people and think strategically.

I. Watch the video. c) In the video, it was mentioned that managers need technical, human, and conceptual skills. However,
the video also highlighted the importance of emotional intelligence in effective management. It discussed
how managers should possess empathy, self-awareness, and the ability to build strong relationships
with their team members. The video provided examples of how emotional intelligence can positively
impact employee engagement and overall organizational success. It emphasized the need for managers
to understand and respond to the emotions and needs of their employees to create a positive work
environment.

Discuss the following quotations.

1. How do you define a good manager?
2. What skills do you think are most important for a manager to have?
II. Answer the following questions. 3. Have you ever worked with a manager who lacked any of these skills? How did it affect the team?

1. What are the three essential skills of management highlighted in the video? 4. Do you think technical skills are more important than human skills for managers? Why or why not?

2. How does the application of these three skills change when a person is promoted to management? 5. Can you think of any real-life examples where a manager’s lack of conceptual skills led to negative

3. What are technical skills and why are they important at lower levels of the organization? consequences?

4. What do human skills refer to and why are they increasingly important for managers at all levels?
5. Why are human skills essential for frontline managers?
6. What do conceptual skills involve and why are they needed by all managers?
7. Why are conceptual skills especially important for top managers?
8. What happens when managers fail to apply their skills effectively in uncertain and rapidly changing
environments?
9. Why do managers have complex jobs that require a range of abilities and skills?
10. Can you provide examples of highly publicized cases where managers failed to apply their skills
effectively?

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
Past Simple Irregular Verbs

Question Did/didn’t Subject Didn’t Past Tense Base form Irregular verbs are called so because they don’t fit a particular pattern. This means that you just have to
word form
get to know and learn over time how the past tense form is created.
She Read
Affirmative
They Started
There are many of course, but here are some examples:
• freeze = froze
Negative I Didn’t Go
We Didn’t Realise • ran = run
(When)
Did You Text? • sleep = slept
Question (How)
Didn’t
He Know?
(Why) They Stop?
• give - gave
• eat = ate
Past Simple –to be • win = won
Question Wasn’t/ • get = got
Subject Was/were Subject Complement
word weren’t • shake = shook
Affirmative They Were Tired • go = went
The house Was Hot
• hang = hung
Negative Weren’t Scared
Wasn’t Confident • begin = began
(Where) Susan?
• blew = blow
We Were Late?
Question (Why) Wasn’t They ?
John Was He Upset • are = were
(Why)
• catch = caught
Regular Verbs • buy = bought

Some verbs are regular as they have a definite pattern to their endings. Uses
For verbs ending in a consonant or a vowel (other than e), add the letters -ed to the end. For example: The ‘simple past’ tense is used in many different contexts. However, we are going to talk about some of
• laugh = laughed the more common uses of this tense. Take a look at the following list below:
• work = worked
• stay = stayed A time in the past
• iron = ironed When we want to talk about an event in the past, whether it is specified or not, we can use the ‘simple past’
For verbs ending in -e, add -d: tense. Carefully study the examples below:
• cope = coped e. g. I went mountain climbing yesterday.
• love = loved She had a cat named Lucy many years ago.
• live = lived Story-telling and narration
• weave = weaved When we want to tell a story, whether it is real or imaginary, we mainly use the ‘simple past’ tense. Take a look
For verbs ending in a consonant plus -y, the -y is replaced with an i, then -ed is added. at the following examples below:
• hurry = hurried e.g. Mary was 23 years old. She had a dog named Aco.
• bury = buried She opened her room door and suddenly realized that her cat was dead on the floor.
• try = tried
• clarify = clarified
Don’t forget, if it is a vowel plus -y, then it fits the first pattern e.g. play = played.

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
5. The postman (come) in, (give) me the documents and (leave).
Practical exercises 6. When I (arrive) Anne was talking on the phone.
7. I (get / not) your letter yesterday.

I. Complete the sentences with was and were 8. Mister O’Brian (be / not) in the office last week.
9. (Sarah / go) to the trade fair on Thursday?
1. Jeff and Liz _________ at Head Office yesterday. 10. (you / ring) me ten minutes ago?
2. There _________ a lot of sales representatives at the meeting.
3. It _________ difficult to get a discount. IV. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the past simple tense.
Make the following sentences interrogative and negative
4. It _________ difficult to get a discount.
1. The mayor _________ (announce) the new policy last week.
5. The product presentation _________ last Tuesday. My boss and I _________ there to talk about our
2. Our department _________ (organize) a conference last month.
new brand of soft drinks.
3. The committee _________ (approve) the budget yesterday.
6. The people _________ nice, but their questions _________ very difficult maybe I _________ just a bit
4. She _________ (meet) with foreign diplomats last Tuesday.
tired.
5. The government _________ (implement) new regulations two days ago.
7. Their products _________ always the best on the market.
6. The manager _________ (conduct) a performance review yesterday.
8. Two or three of our customer from Korea _________ there.
7. She _________ (make) an important decision last week.
8. Our team _________ (achieve) its quarterly goals.
II. Complete the sentences with the SIMPLE PAST of the verbs in parentheses:
9. The CEO _________ (announce) the new project in the meeting.
a) They _______________ (watch) TV last night. 10. They _________ (attend) a leadership training workshop recently.
b) Priscila _______________ (talk) to her friends all day.
c) I _______________ (have) a terrible headache yesterday. V. Write sentences in the Past Simple, using the words below
d) Bob _______________ (come) home from school late.
e.g. when/Kate/ finish/ race/ feel/ exhausted
e) They _______________ (arrive) late and _______________ (miss) the bus.
When Kate finished the race, she felt exhausted.
f) She _______________ (study) hard and _______________ (pass) the exam.
g) He _______________ (call) the office to tell them he was sick.
1. slave trade/ stop/ over 200 years ago
h) I _______________ (speak) to the director as he was leaving the room.
i) Dr. Johnson _______________ (get up) early this morning.
j) Mary _______________ (do) her homework and _______________ (go) to school.
2. who/you/like most/your last school?
k) Chris _______________ (find) a ten-dollar bill.
l) The dog _______________ (follow) us down the road.
m) Those students _______________ (work) hard last semester.
3. we/ not/understand/ lecture/ last week
n) Lacio _______________ (stop) at the corner and _______________ (call) us.

III. Complete the sentences in Simple Past.

4. when/ you/take/your last exam?
1. Our company (start) business in 1995.
2. We (order) the goods two months ago.
3. I (send) you the letter last week.
4. We (receive) your order yesterday.

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
5. when/Jack/arrive/tell/us the news
VIII. Complete the information about the sales figures with the past form of the
verbs given.
Last year’s overall sales figures ________ (be) excellent for Nielsen Electronics. In January, they ________
6. why/you/start/learning English (introduce) the RU20 CD player and sales ________ (go) up from 2,000 to 2,500 the next month.
In March, sales ________ (reach) 3,500. Sales then ________ (stay) at the same level through the next
quarter, but they ________ (continue) to go up in July and August, when they ________ (increase)
to 4,000. Nielsen ________ (want) to launch their digital camcorder, the DCC-N300, in September,
VI. Create questions using the past simple tense.
but production problems ________ (delay) the introduction of this new model. So Nielsen ________
1. What ________ (the manager / do) to improve team productivity last year? (launch) it at the end of October. Overall sales ________ (go) down after August and at the end of
2. When ________ (the department head / review) the employee performance? October they were at 3,500. However, the DCC-N300be very popular and the overall volume of sales
3. Where ________ (the team / attend) a leadership workshop? ________ (grow) until the end of the year, when it (reach) 4,500.
4. How ________ (the CEO / announce) the new company strategy?
5. Who ________ (the supervisor / invite) to the team-building event?

IX. Write a short paragraph about your career history, giving the dates
VII. Ask different types of questions where possible.
1. My secretary made some mistakes in the report.

2. Last week I went on a business trip.

3. I didn’t attend the seminar last week.

4. Mr. Smith got the position of the Head of the Department tree years ago.

5. Maria graduated from the University in 2021.

X. Write a report on a past managerial project, highlighting the various
skills and functions used by the manager. Use the past simple tense to
describe the actions and their outcomes.

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
II. Read and translate the text.
Тема 2.3. HR Management
What is human resource management?
Pre-reading
Human resource management (HRM) is the practice of recruiting, hiring,
How would you define the following notions? deploying and managing an organization’s employees. HRM is often referred to simply
“Human resource management” as human resources (HR). A company or organization’s HR department is usually
“Human capital management” responsible for creating, putting into effect and overseeing policies governing workers
and the relationship of the organization with its employees. The term human resources
was first used in the early 1900s, and then more widely in the 1960s, to describe the
people who work for the organization.
HRM is employee management with an emphasis on employees as assets of the
business. The modern term human capital management (HCM) is often used by large
and midsize companies when discussing HR technology.
The purpose of HRM practices is to manage the people within a workplace to
achieve the organization’s mission and reinforce the corporate culture. When people
management is done effectively, HR managers can help recruit new employees who
have the skills to further the company’s goals. HR professionals also aid in the training
and professional development of employees to meet the organization’s objectives.
A company is only as good as its employees, making HRM a crucial part of
maintaining or improving the health of the business. Additionally, HR managers monitor
the state of the job market to help the organization stay competitive.This could include
ensuring that compensation and benefits are competitive, events are planned to keep
I. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following words and word-combinations. employees from burning out and job roles are adapted based on the market.

1. human resource management a) з акцентом на

ІІI. Read the text once more to complete the following statements.
2. recruiting and hiring people b) управління людським капіталом 1. The text tells us about … .
3. deploying c) контролювати, слідкувати 2. It views human resource management as … .
3. The aim of human resource management practices is … .
4. to meet objectives d) посилювати, зміцнювати
4. The HR department is responsible for … .
5. to put into effect e) конкурентоспроможний 5. Human capital management is used when … .

6. overseeing policies f) допомогти в чомусь 6. HR professionals deal with … .

7. In addition, HR managers … .
7. an emphasis on g) для досягнення цілей

8. human capital management h) підбір та наймання людей на роботу IV. Rewrite the sentences in their negative and question forms.

9. to reinforce i) навчання, підготовка 1. Companies are as good as their employees.

10. to aid in j) вигорання 2. HRM is employee management with an emphasis on employees as assets of the business.
3. HR managers monitor the state of the job market to help the organization stay competitive.
11. training k) управління персоналом
4. HR managers can help recruit new employees who have the skills to further the company’s goals.
12. to monitor l) вводити в дію 5. Every HR professional aids in training and professional development of the employees.
6. HRM must be a crucial part of maintaining or improving the health of the business.
13. competitive m) нагляд за політикою

14. burning out n) розміщення

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
Agree or disagree to the following statements. Give reasons.
V. Give your own definitions to the following words. The purpose of training and development is to make sure the employees are working
towards organizational goals.
1. to recruit a) Training is needed to improve the employees performance in the organization.

2. to manage b)

3. an employee c)

4. an asset d)

5. to reinforce e)

6. an objective f)

7. to improve g)

VI. Compose a short story using the following words:

An employee, an employer, to manage, to improve, competitive, training,

to put into effect, an emphasis on, recruiting. I. Make sure you know how to translate the following word-combinations.

1. remarkably high
XI. Translate from Ukrainian into English, using active vocabulary. 2. increasing use

1. Компанія Розвитку Підприємництва погодилася ввести в дію результати нещодавніх переговорів. 3. changing perception
2. Наш навчальний заклад пропонує освіту з акцентом на практичну складову. 4. to make it essential
3. Цей відділ займається набором працівників для віддаленої роботи (for remote work).
5. to flow in
4. Для даної установи дуже важливо залишатися конкурентоспромож-ною на ринку праці.
5. Для досягнення поставлених цілей нашому департаменту потрібно сумлінно працювати, залучаю- 6. irrespective of

чи до співпраці міжнародні організації. 7. equal importance

6. Розвинені країни можуть докласти багато зусиль, щоб допомогти нам з реконструкцією існуючої 8. to be adept at
енергетичної системи.
9. respective jobs
7. Ми були завжди зацікавлені у тому, щоб посилити кадровий потенціал (workforce potential) нашо-
го Центру. 10. the value of

8. Ми пропонуємо інноваційні рішення у сфері управління персоналом. 11. to bring an improvement in

9. Ви можете внести пропозиції щодо покращення роботи працівників вашого управління. 12. in turn
10. Що, на вашу думку, є найкращим життєвим активом?
13. primary objectives

14. to enhance the performance

15. to bring about

16. measurable changes

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
4. What, to improve, your English level, you, doing, are?
II. Read and translate the text.
5. important, is, Why, monitoring and control?
The role of training 6. help in, the performance of the organisation, enhancing, training, Does?
Over the years, organisational development and employee success have been
7. emphasis on, was, things, How, he, able to put, the right,?
remarkably high. The increasing use of technology in business processes and public
sectors have made it necessary for an extra pair of hands. This growing presence of 8. you, at every level, think, Do, training, is needed?
technology at the workplace and the changing perception of an employee’s role makes
it essential for public sector training. Practical training makes new employees flow
in with the company efficiently. Also, this training has become a crucial part due to V. Insert prepositions where necessary.
modernisation of equipment. The increasing need for training is felt by all organization,
irrespective of its size. 1. Training brings … measurable changes … knowledge skills.
Training and development are processes that carry equal importance for the 2. It is essential … all employees to flow … … their companies.
public and private sectors. Both areas have the same goal – efficiency. With the help of
training and development, the public sector can use HR practices to help employees 3. Today’s education has made emphasis … languages.
become more adept at performing in their respective jobs. 4. The value … training depends … its methods.
The value of training cannot be overemphasised, and training is needed at every 5. All people irrespective … their age can feel stress … work.
level because of the following reasons:
• training brings an improvement in an employee’s skill, which in turn increases 6. Nowadays practically all young people are adept … computer technology.
the quality and quantity of output; 7. The materials … this study can help … solving problems … the global and national levels.
• effective training will result in completing the primary objectives, which will
8. I can confirm you that this Act was put … effect … last week.
reflect in increased returns to employees.
The training and development practices adopted by a public sector will help
in defining the policies better. Training helps in enhancing the performance of the
organisation, and brings about measurable changes in knowledge skills, attitude and VI. Put questions to the underlined words.
social behaviour of employees.
1. Training brought improvement in employee’s skills.
2. Training helped in enhancing the organisation performance.
III. Say in English: 3. Training and development carried equal importance for the public and private sectors.
– цінність навчання; 4. The purpose of HRM practices was to manage the people within a workplace to achieve the
– покращення навичок працівників; organization’s mission.
– в свою чергу; 5. This process had to include ensuring compensation and benefits.
– розбиратися в політиці; 6. The training and development practices could help in defining the policies better.
– бути вправним у виконанні своїх посадових обов’язків;
– відповідна робота;
VII. Make your own sentences with the following word-combinations.
– надзвичайно високий рівень;
Use Present Simple or Past Simple tense.
– рівноцінне значення;
1. To enhance the performance of the company
– призводити до;
2. Primary objectives
– незалежно від;
3. To bring improvement in
– влитися в компанію.
4. Measurable changes
5. To flow in
IV. Put the words into the correct word order to form questions.
6. Equal importance
1. to cope, manage, did, How, with this task, you?
2. should, What, to meet, we, the objectives, do?
3. used in the text, you, reinforce, vocabulary, Can, with the examples,?

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Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
Past Continuous
VIII. Discuss with a partner. Share your opinions with the group.
How to form the Past Continuous tense
Role Of Training & Development
I was
He, She, It working
Increase in Efficiency
We, You, They were

Increase in Morale of Employees I was not

He, She, It wasn’t [‘wǝzǝnt]
working
Better Human Relations were not
We, You, They weren’t [wɜːnt]

What I
Reduced Supervision was
Where
He, She, It doing?
When
Increased Organizational working?
Why
Viability and Flexibility were We, You, They
How

In order to form the Past Continuous tense, we use the past tense of the verb “to be” – its forms
was/ were, followed by the present participle of the verb. The present participle is a form of a
verb that ends in the suffix -ing.

How to make the Past Continuous tense negative

In order to make the Past Continuous tense negative, all you need to do is to put the word “not”
after was or were.

How to make question forms in the Past Continuous tense

We form questions in the Past Continuous tense with the help of the auxiliary verb “to be” in its past
forms – was (for Singular) and were (for Plural).
Its place in the sentence is at the beginning of the sentence or after a question word (or words).

Mind the spelling rules when adding ending -ing

to enter entering to say saying
to lie lying to relax relaxing
to take taking to run running
to agree agreeing to travel travelling / travelling

When to use Past Continuous

There are several common ways to use the Past Continuous tense:
1. We use the Past Continuous tense to say that an action or state was in progress at a specific
time:
• At sunset, Mike was walking in the park.
• At noon, I was eating lunch with my friends.

68 69
Модуль 2. Модуль 2.
2. One of the most common reasons that we use this tense is to describe an action that was 7. The day before yesterday at 9 a.m.
interrupted by another event: 8. From 11.00 to 12.00
• He was proofreading the report until the director came.
• I was trying to fall asleep when I suddenly heard a scream.
II. Make up sentences.
3. The interrupting event may not actually be stated in the sentence: 1. were, the same time, They, at, to the music, talking and listening.
• Natalie was reading books until midnight. (Natalie probably decided to go to bed.)
2. still, When, for me, I, my co-workers, arrived, were, waiting.
4. Another reason we use the Past Continuous tense is to express that two actions or states 3. this, to solve, was trying, The head, in vain, unexpected problem, but, of our department.
were happening at the exact same time: 4. at, to conduct, inappropriate times, They, were trying, general elections.
• We were preparing for the meeting when they were having a coffee break. 5. our supervisor, Yesterday, a meeting, morning, was holding.
• I was watching TV while my son was learning new English words.
6. Ann’s, were, subordinates, arguing, constantly.
5. We use Past Continuous for exaggeration. In such cases, Past Continuous is often used with
the words: always, often and constantly. III. Complete the following questions with the missing auxiliary verbs. Use
• He was always interrupting me when I was talking. Past Simple or Past Continuous.
• She was always losing the documents of our division.
• Last month our boss was constantly inspecting the staff. 1. … the job interview start on time?
2. … the latest news, announced by the Head of the intelligence service, stressful for you?
5. In general, we don’t usually use verbs acting as stative verbs in the past continuous tense. 3. What … you discussing with Michael when I saw you in the corridor several hours ago?
Stative verbs (such as like, want, or believe) express states or conditions, so it would be odd to describe
4. When … Mark graduate from the university?
these things as being “in progress.” When dealing with stative verbs, we typically use the Simple Past tense
instead. 5. Why … it better to apply for the visa online?
6. … you conducting a staff meeting when I came in?
Time markers
7. … Susan and Jane work at the High school four years ago?
• at that moment – в той момент 8. Who … you meet at the International Conference in Singapore?
• at the same time – в цей же час (у минулому) 9. … it sunny or windy at the weekend?
• while – в той час, як; поки
• when – коли
IV. Ask all types of questions to the sentences below.
• as – так як
• all morning / the whole morning – весь ранок 1. Sam was reporting to the boss when suddenly his phone rang.
• all night (long) / the whole night – всю ніч
• all evening / the whole evening – весь вечір 2. My colleague and I were going on a business trip at the end of March.
• all day (long) / the whole day – весь день

3. In a month, he got tired of his new job.

I. Say what you were you doing at this time.
1. Yesterday at 7 a.m.
4. Yesterday at this time, they were creating a strategic development plan.
2. All Sunday evening
3. On Saturday at this very time
4. The whole morning 5. He was able to meet that deadline but didn’t do it.
5. When you were trying to complete the test
6. While you were learning the rules

70 71
Модуль 2. Модуль 2.

V. Complete the sentences using the correct Past Simple or Past Continuous VIII. Translate the sentences from Ukrainian into English.
form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Коли я навчався в школі, я мріяв про кар’єру на державній службі.
When I … (to see) my supervisor in the hall he … (to talk) to the head of our department.
2. Коли я бачив вас востаннє, ви були в синьому піджаку.
2. She … (can) come to the meeting, because she … (to be) busy with the urgent task.
3. Ви зустріли Анну на розі вулиці?
3. When I … (to enter) the room my co-workers … (to discuss) current political situation in Ukraine.
4. Поки мої підлеглі закінчували писати річний звіт, я обговорював деякі важливі питання з керівни-
4. While my trainees … (to try) to cope with the test I … (to notice) that it … (to rain) heavily
ком управління.
outside.
5. У будь-якому випадку вони виконували обов’язки та завдання, визначені їхньою посадовою ін-
5. When I … (to finish) school I … (to want) to become an economist.
струкцією.
6. When I … (to meet) the delegation from France, we … (to go) to the hotel.
6.Я знав, що їй потрібно взяти участь у конференції з державного управління.
7. Чи ознайомилися вони (to be familiar with) з правилами нашої компанії?
VI. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct Present Simple, Present
8. Що ви мали на увазі, розповідаючи ширшій аудиторії про проект та його результати?
Continuous, Past Simple or Past Continuous tense form.
9. Поки я набирав оголошення, всі вийшли з кабінету.
1. What … you … (to do) the day before yesterday?
10. Мій колега не впізнав мене, коли ми зустрілися на вокзалі.
2. How often … your supervisor … (to conduct) staff meetings?
3. I am impressed by Anna’s presentation. I think she … (to work) hard the whole day yesterday.
4. Susan … (to get) an invitation to the job interview last Friday.
5. I … (to try) to give him a piece of advice but he … (to listen).
6. I … (to live) with my cousin until I … (to find) an apartment.
7. Where … (to be) you yesterday at 2 p.m.?
8. Yesterday at 5 p.m. I … (to meet) with a foreign delegation.
9. Who usually … (to take) part in negotiations?
10. I … (to see) the government officials tomorrow at 10 a.m.

VII. Discuss with a partner what you were doing last weekend.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION Recruitment in civil service

Тема. 3.1. Staffing, recruiting, examining, selection and evaluation Recruitment practices in the civil service vary from casual methods to elaborate
selection systems. The casual methods include appointment on the sole basis of
Pre-reading educational qualifications, interviewing combined with educational qualifications, or
Answer the questions. some cursory knowledge and skill tests. Elaborate recruitment programmes
1. When and why have you decided to become a civil servant? typically involve written competitive tests, extensive interviews and even
2. What is your experience of being recruited as a civil servant? psychological tests.
Was the selection process tough? Recruitment may be carried out by a central commission by a department
3. Do you think the job performance of civil servants is important? subject to standards established by the commission, or by departments employing
Why/why not? their own perceptions and practices.
Most countries practice a pyramid approach, where the base is left to the
departments, middle-level vacancies are filled by departments within parameters
Read the following quotation and discuss it with your groupmates. established by a civil service commission or a central personnel management agency,
and the apex is recruited by a central commission or agency.

“Lack of proper appraisal systems can lead to the prevalence of sinecures

in the civil service and a poor quality of service to the citizens“. II. Fill in a recruiting pyramid and answer the questions.
(Rethinking public administration : an overview. 1998) Which vacancies are filled in by:
the departments
a central commission or agency
A sinecure – a position which involves little work, but for which the person is paid; comes from the Latin a civil service commission or a central personnel management agency?
root words “sine cura” meaning “without care“.

I. Skim the text and find English equivalents in bold to the following phrases in
Ukrainian

1. письмове конкурсне тестування a)

2. застосувати власне уявлення b)

3. деталізована співбесіда c)

4. методи d)

5. принцип піраміди e)

6. кваліфікований тест f) III. Fill in the gaps with the words from the list. Use appropriate form of a word.

7. складна програма підбору персоналу g) sinecure (2) elaborate casual (2) to employ (2) competitive (2)
approach skills qualifications (to) interview (2)
8. основні (вакансії) h)
1. How many people does your company ________________?
9. виключно на підставі i) 2. The present headmaster has occupied this ________________ office for over thirty years.

10. верхівка (керівні посади) j) 3. After leaving school she had a range of ________________ jobs.
4. A professorial chair, like a bishopric, was often nothing more nor less than a(n) ________________.
11. рівень освіти k) 5. We ________________ dozens of applicants, and have narrowed the job search down to two.
12. поверхневі знання l) 6. He came out with such a(n) ________________ excuse that I didn’t quite believe him.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.

7. He was dressed in ________________ clothes – sneakers, blue jeans, and a t-shirt.

V. Can you guess the meanings of these terms?
8. Sophisticated statistical analysis was ________________ to obtain these results.
9. I could never play team sports – I lack the ________________ spirit. 1. impressionistic a) a situation or statement that is
10. I’ve just read an interesting book which has a new ________________ to Shakespeare. unclear because it can be understood
in more than one way
11. Your second ________________ is likely to be more challenging than your first one.
12. Ruth had/possessed great writing ________________. 2. explicit b) giving a general view or idea of
13. You’ll never get a good job if you don’t have any ________________. something instead of particular details
or facts
14. The hotel works hard to offer ________________ salaries and benefits to our employees.
3. ambiguity c) clear and exact
IV. Match English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian
equivalents.
VI. Read and translate the text.
1. to assess/evaluate job a) контроль діяльності працівників Evaluation of Job Performance
performance
Having assumed their duties, the job performance of civil servants becomes
important. While evaluation of job performance is relatively easy on assignments where
2. performance appraisal b) планування професійної діяльності
output can be quantified, assessing performance where judgment is the main attribute
особистості
has proved especially difficult for developing countries.
A common approach to performance appraisal is the writing of periodic reports
3. to obtain compliance c) організаційна нерівність/несправед- by supervisors. But many view these reports as subjective and impressionistic. Attempts
ливість to improve the format of periodic reports by making them more objective and explicit
have met with limited success. Part of the problem arises from ambiguities about the
4. individual’s career planning d) оцінка результатів діяльності, purpose to be served by periodic reports. A number of questions have arisen that
службова атестація provide some useful insights about the various ways performance is interpreted by
different actors. For example, are reports a tool to help an employee improve his/her
5. the enforcement of a disciplinary e) найближчі показники performance, or a tool of the organization to obtain compliance from the employee?
regime Similarly, is performance appraisal part of the individual’s career planning, or an element
in the enforcement of a disciplinary regime?
6. employee monitoring f) те, що можна виміряти кількісно These issues become extremely complex when personnel administration is
outside the domain of operating supervisors. This is likely to occur when a personnel
7. to hold civil servants accountable agency located within the organization has primary responsibility for appraisals, or
g) разюче неефективна діяльність
when employee monitoring and evaluation occur outside of an agency. Despite its
many problems, a priority of public personnel management should be the development
8. quantifiable measuring h) застосування дисциплінарних of performance standards and mechanisms for holding civil servants accountable.
заходів Quantifiable measuring is possible in most cases, and especially where the delivery
of services is concerned. In other cases, proximate indicators can be developed to
9. proximate indicators i) оцінювати продуктивність праці measure output performance against organizational goals.
While there is much discussion about accountability, little effort has been made to
10. stark inefficiency j) притягувати державних службовців link it to performance. At present, barring a few extreme cases of indiscipline or stark
до відповідальності inefficiency, performance appraisal systems are a formality with little usefulness for the
individual employee or the organization. The result has been organizational inequities
11. organizational inequities k) кар’єрне зростання/просування and the domination of nonperformance criteria for upward mobility.
службовими сходинками

12. upward mobility l) забезпечити виконання

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
When do we use Future Simple?
VІI. Answer the questions with the help of the information from the text. The simple future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the
future. This tense is used to express predictions, plans, intentions, or a willingness to do
1. What is a common approach to performance appraisal? something.
2. When is evaluation of job performance easy? 1. We use will to say what we know or believe about the future (not what
someone has already decided). For example:
3. What problems can periodic reporting face?
4. How to improve periodic reports by supervisors?
5. What kind of a tool is a report? Yes, she’s a good
Do you think Kate
6. Which appraisal can be a part of individual’s career planning? driver. She’ll pass
will pass?
easily.
7. What can happen when personnel administration is outside the domain of operating supervisors?
8. What should be a priority of public personnel management for holding civil servants accountable?
9. Is quantifiable measuring in public service possible in general and in particular?
Kate has her driving test next week.
10. Are performance appraisal systems a real formality? Why?

Joe believes that Kate will pass the driving test. He is predicting the future.When we
VIII. Talk about your career development. Use the following synonyms to predict a future happening or situation, we use will/won’t.
describe it: upward mobility, service growth, promotion. Some more examples:
• ‘Where will you be this time next year?’ ‘I’ll be in Japan.’
• That plate is hot. If you touch it, you’ll burn yourself.
IX. What do you think about the evaluation of job performance of civil servants • Anna looks completely different now. You won’t recognise her.
after reading the text? Have you changed your opinion? Use the lexicon from • When will you get your exam results?
the Unit.
We often use will (‘ll) with:

probably I’ll probably be home late tonight.

I’m sure Don’t worry about the exam. I’m sure you’ll pass.
Past Continuous
I think Do you think Sarah will like the present we bought her?
Positive (+) Negative (-) Negative (-) I don’t think I don’t think the exam will be very diff icult.
I I I I wonder I wonder what will happen.
HE HE HE
2. We use I’ll … (= I will) when we’ve just decided to do something. When we say
SHE SHE SHE ‘I’ll do something’, we announce our decision:
• Oh, I left the door open. I’ll go and shut it.
will not • ‘What would you like to drink?’ ‘I’ll have orange juice, please.’
IT will Verb. IT Verb. Will IT Verb?
(won’t) 3. We often use I’ll in these situations:
WE WE WE Offering to do something
That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it. (not I help)
YOU YOU YOU Agreeing to do something
A: Can you give Tom this book?
THEY THEY THEY B: Sure, I’ll give it to him when I see him this afternoon.
Promising to do something
Thanks for lending me the money. I’ll pay you back on Friday.
I won’t tell anyone what happened. I promise.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
When do we use shall? II. Complete the sentences with ‘will (’ll)’ or ‘won’t’.
1. Normally we use shall only with I and we.You can say:
I shall or I will (I’ll) we shall or we will (we’ll) 1. Can you wait for me? I _________ be long.
• I shall be late this evening. (or I will be)
2. There’s no point in asking Amanda for advice. She ___________ know what to do.
• We shall probably go to France in June. (or We will probably go)
The negative of shall is shall not or shan’t: 3. I’m glad I’m meeting Emma tomorrow. It ____________ be good to see her again.
• I shan’t be here tomorrow. (or I won’t be) 4. I’m sorry about what happened yesterday. It ___________ happen again.
We do not normally use shall with he/she/it/you/they:
• She will be very angry. (not She shall be) 5. You don’t need to take an umbrella with you. I don’t think it _________ rain.
2. We use shall mostly in the questions shall I … ? / shall we … ? 6. I’ve got some incredible news! You ____________ believe it.
We use shall I … ? / shall we … ? to ask if it’s OK to do something or to ask 7. She is confident that she ____________ be able to finish the project by Friday.
for a suggestion:
• Shall I open the window? (= do you want me to open it?) 8. They are busy this weekend, so they ____________ be able to attend the party.
• I’ve got no money. What shall I do? (= what do you suggest?) 9. I promise I ____________ forget to call you when I arrive.
• ‘Shall we go?’ ‘Just a minute. I’m not ready yet.’
10. We hope the traffic ____________ be too bad on our way to the airport.
• ‘Where shall we have lunch?’ ‘Let’s go to Marino’s.’
Compare shall I … ? and will you … ? : 11. I’m confident that I ____________ be able to solve this problem on my own.
• Shall I shut the door? (= do you want me to shut it?) 12. She is not feeling well, so she ____________ go to work tomorrow.
• Will you shut the door? (= I want you to shut it)

Future time expressions III. Complete the sentences with ‘will’ and then make up following
sentences negative and interrogative.

1. She is confident that she __________ (to complete) the project by the end of the week.
week
2. I am sure she __________ (to succeed) in her new job.
month
year … minutes 3. The company ___________ (to launch) a new product in the market next quarter.
… hours morning
spring 4. We ________ (to start) a new project in the office next week.
… days afternoon
next summer in tomorrow
… weeks evening 5. This course ___________ (to improve) our professional skills.
fall
… months night
winter 6. This new product ____________ (to attract) a lot of customers.
Monday … years
7. She ___________ (to announce) a new plan for the next year tomorrow.
Tuesday etc.
8. They _____________ (to discuss) current issues at the next conference.
9. He ____________ (to retire) next year.
10. We ___________ (to go) to Warsaw in two days.
I. Complete the sentences with ‘I’ll’ + a suitable verb.
IV. Complete the sentences using ‘will (’ll)’ and appropriate words from
Example: 1. ‘How are you going to get home?’ ‘I think I’ll take a taxi.’ the box.
2. ‘It’s cold in this room.’ ‘Is it? ___________ on the heating then.’
3. ‘Are you free next Friday?’ ‘Let me see. ______________my diary.’
it/be she/come you/get you/like you/enjoy
people/live it/look we/meet you/pass she/mind
4. ‘Shall I do the washing-up?’ ‘No, it’s all right. ___________ it later.’
1. Don’t worry about your exam. I’m sure __________ .
5. ‘I don’t know how to use this phone.’ ‘OK, _______________________ you.’
2. Why don’t you try on this jacket? _______________ nice on you.
6. ‘Would you like tea or coffee?’ ‘___________________ coffee, please.’
3. You must meet Max sometime. I think _____________ him.
7. ‘Are you coming with us?’ ‘No, I think_________________ here.’
4. It’s a very nice hotel. ________________ your stay there.
8. ‘Can you finish this report today?’ ‘Well,__________, but I can’t promise.’

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
5. It’s raining hard. Don’t go out. _______________ very wet. 3. A: We’ve run out of paper.
6. Do you think ______________ longer in the future? B: Don’t worry, I __________________________________________________________
7. Goodbye! I’m sure __________________ again before long.
8. I’ve invited Anna to the party, but I don’t think ____________________ . 4. A: I need some books to prepare for the lecture.
9. You can borrow Amy’s umbrella. I don’t think ____________________. B: ______________________________________________________________________
10. It takes me an hour to get to work at the moment. When the new road is finished,
___________________ much quicker. 5. A: I have so many things to do to prepare the report.
B: Don’t worry, I __________________________________________________________
V. Make up yes/no and special questions using the cues and ‘will’.
6. A: It’s a pity you didn’t take part in our last project.
Example: What time / you / come back home / tonight?
What time will you come back home tonight? B: No problem, I ___________________________________________________________

1. you / speak about this problem to your supervisor / tomorrow?

7. A: I need to phone the head of the department. What’s his telephone number?
___________________________________________________________________________
B: Just a moment, I _________________________________________________________
2. we / apply for participation in this seminar?
___________________________________________________________________________
8. A: I lost my telephone. And I have already spent all the money to buy a new one.
3. Who / try to resolve the conflict?
B: Don’t worry. I___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. What issues / we / include into the agenda?
9. A: I don’t have time to finish the report on time.
___________________________________________________________________________
B: Don’t worry. I__________________________________________________________
5. When / you / sign / these documents?
___________________________________________________________________________
10. A: Can you help me with my project next week?
6. How / they / find necessary information?
B: _____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. the President / sign the Law on Civil Service?
___________________________________________________________________________ VII. Complete the sentences with ‘will’ and word combinations ‘probably’,
8. Who / become the next president of the USA? ‘I’m sure’, ‘I think’, ‘I don’t think’, ‘I wonder’.
___________________________________________________________________________
1. I __________ she _______ pass the exam in English.
2. I ____________ _________ attend the conference next month, because of a lot of work.
VI. Complete the following dialogues with your own ideas using ‘will’.
3. I _______ they ________ arrive at the party by 8 p.m.
Example: A: It’s cold with the window open. 4. Based on his skills, I _________ he __________ win the competition.
B: I’ll close it. 5. I _________ it _______ rain tomorrow, so we can have our picnic as planned.
1. A: I’ve got a headache. 6. Considering her busy schedule, I ________ _________ she _______ attend the meeting.
B:_______________________________________________________________________ 7. I __________ what they _______ do with this problem.
8. I _____ _________ they __________ arrive on time for the meeting.
2. A: Can you bring me the book you promised? 9. With his dedication, he ______ ____________ finish the project ahead of schedule.
B: ______________________________________________________________________

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
VIII. Create your own sentences using the future simple tense. Тема. 3.2. Public administration personnel
Use the following prompts.

1. Your plans for the weekend. I. Read the following quotation and discuss it with your groupmates.
2. Something you are sure will happen in the future.
3. An event you think won’t happen. The function of government is to bring order to chaos, to bring justice
4. Your future career aspirations.
where there is none, and to provide opportunity for all.

5. A promise you want to make. Barack Obama

6. Your expectations for the next working year.

II. Read, translate the following text.

IX. Make up all types of questions to the following sentences.
What is a Career in Public Administration?

1. The colleagues will wait for us after the meeting. As a public administrator, your specific duties will depend on which specialization
or career path you choose. For example, city managers oversee municipal operations
__________________________________________________________________________________ and personnel to make sure the city runs efficiently. Much of their time they spent
__________________________________________________________________________________ assessing information and also they meet with others such as heads of city departments
and services. They also attend city council meetings, make reports to committees, and
__________________________________________________________________________________
meet with citizens or community groups.
__________________________________________________________________________________ Although most public administrators work in government, others are employed
__________________________________________________________________________________ by private organizations or businesses. They typically work in offices and collaborate
with others to identify and analyze public needs and contribute to solutions or policies.
__________________________________________________________________________ In all public administration careers, you will have opportunities to work with others
while you apply your management and leadership skills.
Where Do Public Administrators Work?
2. We will have the staff meeting in the Conference Hall next Tuesday.
The majority of public administrators work in local, state, and federal government
__________________________________________________________________________________ offices to ensure public policies and programs are implemented effectively, but there are
__________________________________________________________________________________ also career in nonprofit organizations, healthcare facilities, universities and schools, and
private corporations or companies.
__________________________________________________________________________________ Jobs in the Field of Public Administration
__________________________________________________________________________________ The types of careers you can hold in public administration include urban planner,
budget analyst, and many others.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Urban Planner
__________________________________________________________________________ About the job: Urban planners are responsible for overseeing and managing growth
and development in their communities. They consider both long-range and short-term
goals to ensure that new residential or commercial developments meet community
3. Because of a lot of work we will work overtime tomorrow. needs and standards.
__________________________________________________________________________________ Urban planners may also direct projects for redevelopment and revitalization of
__________________________________________________________________________________ older areas in the city.
Emergency Response Specialist
__________________________________________________________________________________ About the job: Emergency response specialists work for government entities such
__________________________________________________________________________________ as cities and states, schools and universities, hospitals, and private companies. They are
responsible for planning and coordinating responses for emergencies such as severe
__________________________________________________________________________________
weather and other natural disasters, accidents or dangerous malfunctions, hazardous
__________________________________________________________________________ situations such as chemical spills, and any outside threat.
If an emergency occurs, emergency responders may direct operations for securing
the dangerous area, conduct evacuations or rescues, and communicate with the public.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
Budget Analyst
About the job: Budget analysts plan finances for government offices, universities,
4. to be well organized d) робити прогнози щодо
organizations, and private companies. They analyze the costs and expenditures of
programs and projects, gather data and information, and prepare reports for presentation 5. address public needs e) кар’єрний шлях
to government officials, directors, or executives.
City Manager 6. make forecasts about f) бути добре організованим
About the job: A city manager oversees all city operations and works to coordinate
services for citizens with the heads of municipal departments, agencies, and offices. 7. to get along with g) розслідувати проблеми
Although city managers often work closely with mayors and city council members
to ensure policies are implemented, their jobs are not political. The city manager may
8. vulnerable citizens h) організації з неприбутковою
investigate issues at the council’s request or submit reports on matters of concern. медичною допомогою
Often, the city manager will communicate with individual citizens or groups or
local organizations.
Economist 9. conduct evacuations i) збирати дані
About the job: Economists analyze data, trends, and issues related to the production,
distribution, and transfer of goods and services. They may examine economic factors 10. investigate issues j) ладити з
such as the cost of healthcare, energy, and consumer goods and look at the effects of
taxes, employment rates, wages, interest rates, laws, and policies. 11. gather data k) проводити евакуації
They may also analyze trends and make forecasts about economic conditions.
Most economists work with statistics or statistical experts to examine and present data. 12. analyze the costs and expenditures l) складати звіти
Social Service Director
About the job: Social service directors work for government offices, nonprofit
13. government entities m) небезпечні ситуації
organizations, and healthcare organizations to oversee and coordinate programs that
address public needs of vulnerable citizens such as disabled or elderly individuals,
veterans, children, and people with addictions. They may implement programs, analyze 14. collaborate with n) співпрацювати з
program effectiveness, write funding proposals, and meet with leaders, elected officials,
and community members. 15. hazardous situations o) установи уряду
Health Services Manager
About the job: A health service manager directs the services provided by a clinic, 16. emergencies p) медичний заклад
hospital, or other medical care facility or department. Most work for not-for-profit
healthcare organizations; others may work for privately held clinics or physician groups. 17. long-range and short-term goals q) навички управління та лідерства
Skills You Should Have
Public administrators need to be well organized and have good interpersonal 18. management and leadership skills r) довгострокові та короткострокові
skills. You’ll need the ability to get along with people from many backgrounds and цілі
communicate effectively with individuals and groups.
Speaking and writing skills are important in many public administration positions. 19. make reports to s) аналізувати кошти та витрати
As part of your job, you may need to present information at meetings or write analytical
reports and recommendations.
In your college courses, you will learn management and analytical skills.
IV. Fill in the gaps with following word combinations:
III. Match English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian
equivalents. 1. to have good interpersonal skills, 2. to apply management and leadership
skills, 3. to make forecasts, 4. hazardous situations, 5 to analyze the costs
1. career path a) відповідати потребам громадськості and expenditures, 6. emergencies, 7. to be well organized, 8. career path
1. As a public administrator, your specific duties will depend on which specialization or 1________ you
2. not-for-profit healthcare b) вразливі громадяни
organizations choose.
2. In all public administration careers, you will have opportunities to work with others while you _______
3. medical care facility c) надзвичайні ситуації
your __________ and ___________.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
3.Emergency Response Specialist is rsponsible for _______such as severe weather and other natural B: Yes, I have worked with government agencies in my previous role and can collaborate effectively with
disasters, accidents or dangerous malfunctions, ____________ such as chemical spills, and any outside them.
threat.
4. Budget Analyst __________ _________ and _________of programs and projects, gather data and A: We need a healthcare manager who can handle hazardous situations. Do you have experience in
information. emergency management?
5. An economist analyzes trends and ______ _________ about economic conditions. B: Yes, I have experience in handling emergencies and have the necessary skills to mitigate risks in
6 Public administrators need ___________ and _________________. hazardous situations.

A: What are your long-range and short-term goals as a healthcare manager?

V. Read the following communicative situations, paying attention to the active
B: My long-range goal is to improve the quality of healthcare services in our community. In the short-
vocabulary and practice them with your partner.
term, I want to streamline processes for better efficiency.

A: Hi, I’m Sarah. What’s your career path in the healthcare industry?
B: Hi Sarah, I’m David. I want to work for not-for-profit healthcare organizations. A: We are looking for someone with strong management and leadership skills. Do you possess those
qualities?

A: Our medical care facility is looking for someone who is well organized. Are you interested? B: Yes, I have experience in managing teams and leading projects. I believe my skills will be an asset to your

B: Yes, I am. I believe I have the skills to handle multiple tasks efficiently. organization.

A: As a healthcare manager, it’s important to address public needs. How do you plan to do that? A: As a healthcare manager, you will need to collaborate with different departments. How would you

B: I plan to make forecasts about public needs and ensure we have the necessary resources to meet foster teamwork?

them. B: I believe in open communication and creating a positive work culture. I will encourage collaboration
and teamwork among departments.

A: I heard you are great at getting along with everyone in the team.
B: Thank you, I believe it’s important to maintain good relationships with colleagues. A: Could you give us an example of how you have handled a hazardous situation in the past?
B: In my previous role, we had a fire emergency and I quickly coordinated with emergency services and

A: We need to ensure the safety of vulnerable citizens during emergencies. How would you conduct ensured the safe evacuation of all patients and staff.

evacuations?
B: I would work closely with emergency services and follow established protocols to ensure their safety. A: We need someone who can make reports to the board of directors. Are you comfortable with
presenting to higher management?

A: As a healthcare manager, you will need to investigate issues and gather data. How do you plan to do B: Yes, I have experience in making presentations and reports to higher management and can effectively

that? communicate important information.

B: I will collaborate with different departments and utilize various methods to gather comprehensive data.
A: How do you plan to address public needs in our healthcare facility?

A: Could you analyze the costs and expenditures of our medical care facility? B: I plan to conduct surveys and gather feedback from patients to identify their needs and make

B: Yes, I have experience in budget management and can provide detailed reports on our expenses. necessary changes to improve their experience.

A: It’s important to collaborate with government entities to provide quality healthcare. Do you have A: As a healthcare manager, you will need to work with different departments. How do you handle

experience in that? conflicts?

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
B: I believe in open communication and finding a compromise that benefits everyone. I will work with all
VIII. Role play the following dialogue.
departments to find a solution that meets everyone’s needs.
Will: Hey Ben, what are you up to these days?
Ben: I’m studying public administration in college right now. It’s really interesting.
VI. Translate the following sentences into English, using active vocabulary.
Will: What kind of career path does that lead to?
1. Я намагаюся визначити свою кар’єру. Ben: Well, there are a lot of options depending on what specialization you choose. For example, as an
2. Лікарня є однією з некомерційних медичних установ нашого міста. urban planner, you’d oversee development and growth in different communities.
3. Моя сестра працює в медичному закладі міста. Will: That sounds like a cool job.
4. Важливо, щоб органи державного управління були добре організовані. Ben: Yeah, but there are also other opportunities like being a budget analyst or even a social service
5. Наша основна мета – задоволення потреб населення та надання якісних послуг. director.
6. Державні службовці мають прогнозувати майбутні потреби. Will: Oh wow, those sound completely different. Like analyzing costs for a city versus working with
7. Здається, він ладнає з усіма своїми колегами по офісу. vulnerable citizens.
8. Ми зосереджені на допомозі незахищеним громадянам у громаді. Ben: Exactly. And depending on the organization you work for, it could be a government entity or not-for-
9. У разі надзвичайної ситуації ми проводимо евакуацію для забезпечення безпеки. profit healthcare organization.
10. В рамках своєї роботи я досліджую питання, пов’язані з державними послугами. Will: So varied. What about emergencies? Do public administrators have roles in that?
11. Ми збираємо дані з різних джерел, щоб приймати зважені рішення. Ben: They sure do. Emergency response specialists can work for cities, schools, or private companies to
12. Одним із моїх обов’язків є аналіз вартості та видатків наших проектів. coordinate responses during natural disasters or hazardous situations.
13. Ми співпрацюємо з державними установами для реалізації нових політик. Will: Wow, they must need to be good at communicating and making forecasts about the situation.
14. Командна робота є важливою навичкою в цій сфері, оскільки ми часто співпрацюємо Ben: Definitely. Speaking of communication skills, many jobs in public administration require collaboration
з колегами. and meeting with others, from community groups to government officials.
15. Як державні адміністратори, ми повинні бути готові вирішувати небезпечні ситуації. Will: Sounds like you’ll need to get along with all kinds of people.
16. Порятунок життів під час надзвичайних ситуацій є першочерговим завданням працівників ор- Ben: Yes, and also be well-organized and able to gather data and analyze information.
ганів державної влади. Will: Right, because a budget analyst needs to assess costs and expenditures while a social service
17. Департамент має як довгострокові, так і короткострокові цілі для досягнення. director deals with addressing public needs.
18. Гарне поєднання управлінських і лідерських навичок має вирішальне значення для роботи дер- Ben: Yes, exactly. And I haven’t even mentioned other positions like city manager or health services
жавного управління. manager. There are so many paths available within public administration.
19. Ми співпрацюємо з різними відділами, щоб координувати зусилля та ресурси.
20. Щомісяця я повинен звітувати своєму керівнику про хід виконання наших проектів. IX. Discussion questions.
1. What is public administration?
VII. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
2. Who are the people that work in public administration?
1. What are the specific duties of city managers? 3. What are some common job titles in public administration?
2. Where do most public administrators work? 4. How does public administration affect our daily lives?
3. What is the role of an urban planner? 5. Can you give an example of a task that a public administration personnel might do?
4. What responsibilities do emergency response specialists have? 6. What skills are important for someone working in public administration?
5. What do budget analysts do? 7. Is it necessary to have a college degree to work in public administration?
6. What is the job of a city manager? 8. How does technology play a role in public administration?
7. What skills are important for public administrators to have? 9. Are there any challenges that public administration personnel face?
10. Why is it important to have efficient and effective public administration personnel?
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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
Present Continuous with a future meaning
X. Writing.
We often use the Present Continuous to talk about plans or arrangements for the future especially
Choose one public administration career mentioned in the text that interests you the most. Write when we have decided a time and a place with other people. We normally use a future time expression,
a short paragraph explaining why you find that career appealing and what skills you think would be e.g. tomorrow, next week, at 7, etc.
important for success in that career. • I’m meeting Sally at 7. (=I have talked to her and we have arranged to meet.)
__________________________________________________________________________________ • I’m flying to New York tomorrow morning. (=I have the ticket.)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ The present continuous for future arrangements is very common with verbs of travelling, and when we
__________________________________________________________________________________ are meeting people.
__________________________________________________________________________________ • I’m leaving very early tomorrow. I’m taking the 7.30 train.
__________________________________________________________________________________ • I’m playing golf with Jack next Saturday. Would you like to come?
__________________________________________________________________________________ • I’m seeing the dentist after class.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Affirmative Negative Question
__________________________________________________________________________________
I am I am not am I
__________________________________________________________________________________
Verb + Verb + Verb +
__________________________________________________________________________________ is not
He/she/it is ing He/she/it ing is He/she/it ing
(isn’t)
__________________________________________________________________________________ working… working… working… ?
You making… You making… You making…
__________________________________________________________________________________ We We are not living… We
are living… are living…
__________________________________________________________________________________ They They (aren’t) They
__________________________________________________________________________________
Be going to
__________________________________________________________________________________
While using ‘be going to’, we speak about future plans, but we put the emphasis on our intention to do
__________________________________________________________________________________
something.
__________________________________________________________________________________
• I’m going to study for the exams tomorrow. (=it’s my intention)
__________________________________________________________________________________
• ‘Your car is dirty.’ ‘I know. I’m going to wash it tomorrow.’
__________________________________________________________________________________
(=it’s my intention, but I haven’t arranged to do it)
__________________________________________________________________________________
NB: As a rule, verbs of movement are not used with ‘be going to’. They are to go, to come, to leave, to
__________________________________________________________________________________
move and some others. Use the Present Continuous tense instead.
__________________________________________________________________________________
• I’m not going to go on a business trip next week.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ Affirmative Negative Question
__________________________________________________________________________________ I I
am am not You
__________________________________________________________________________________ are We
is not
__________________________________________________________________________________ He/she/it is He/she/it They
(isn’t)
going to… going to… going to… ?
__________________________________________________________________________________ You You
__________________________________________________________________________________ We are We are not is He/she/it
They They (aren’t)
__________________________________________________________________________________

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
6. renovate / their office/ They / to make it/ more modern and comfortable.
I. Match the arrangements and how they were organised.
__________________________________________________________________________________

1. I’m flying to Spain for a holiday soon. a) She’s got an appointment. 7. work / in the office / I/ this afternoon.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. He’s staying at his friend’s house tonight. b) They’ve invited lots of people.

3. She’s going to the dentist next week. c) I’ve got the plane tickets. 8. She / tomorrow/ make / some urgent calls.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. I’m meeting my friend after school. d) His parents said it’s OK.

5. They’re having a barbecue at the e) We’ve bought the ingredients. 9. They/ in the HR Management Department / announce two vacancies / in a week.
weekend. __________________________________________________________________________________

6. We’re seeing the new Superman film f) Our teacher has booked a bus.
tonight. 10. We / this task/ not / deal with.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. My mum is helping me make a cake g) We agreed to meet at the park.
tomorrow.
III. Make up questions using the cues and correct forms of ‘be going to’.
8. Our class is visiting a museum next h) We have tickets for 18.30.
week. Example: Helen / leave her job?
Is Helen going to leave her job?
II. Write down affirmative or negative sentences using the cues and 1. you / interview applicants / tomorrow?
correct forms of ‘be going to’. __________________________________________________________________________________
2. your colleagues / participate in the annual conference?
Example: We / meet with the MPs / next Monday
__________________________________________________________________________________
We are going to meet with the MPs next Monday
3.George / submit proposals to the Committee as soon as possible?
1. Our supervisor / next week/ conduct / a staff meeting.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. your boss / praise the most efficient employees / at tomorrow’s staff meeting?
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. I / for this job position/ not / apply.
5. you / take an English course next year?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Nick / voice his ideas to the supervisor?
3. We/ next month /at work / start / a new project.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Put the verb in brackets into the most suitable form, present
4. The team/ a new strategy/ implement/ to improve efficiency and productivity.
continuous or ‘be going to’.
__________________________________________________________________________________ 1. What _________________ (you/ do) on Saturday night? Would you like to go to a concert?
2. I’m afraid I can’t meet you for a coffee tomorrow afternoon. I ____________(have) lunch with
5. publish/ he/ his first novel/ After years of hard work. a colleague.
__________________________________________________________________________________ 3. We can meet on Sunday. I _____________________ (not/do) anything special.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
4. What time _____________________ (you/meet) Mike tomorrow? A: Mark knows a lot about cars. I ________________(ask) him to phone you later on.

5. Sally is taking driving lessons, because she ____________________ (buy) a car. 4. A: What __________________ (you/present) John for his birthday?
B: I __________________ (buy) him a digital camera. And you?
6. I _____________________ (travel) to Thailand next week. I have booked a nice hotel. A: I haven’t decided yet. Probably I __________________ (buy) him an iPad.

7. I ____________ (request) a promotion after completing my successful project. 5. A: ____________________ (you/visit) Paul next Friday?
B: I don’t know yet. I ________________________ (call) you tomorrow to let you know.
8. After receiving a positive performance appraisal, John _______________ (celebrate) his achievements.
6. A: What ________________________ (you/do) for New Year’s Eve?
9. I_______________ (work) late next Tuesday, we _______________ (have) important meeting. B: We ____________________(eat) at a fancy restaurant.

10. Jack _______________( host) a party next Thursday. A lot of people _________ (come). 7. A: Why have you turned off the music?
B: I _______________________ (lie) down for a while. I was feeling a bit tired.
V. Read the sentences and correct grammar mistakes. A: OK, I __________________ (not/disturb) you then.

1. Mike and Fred is leaving tomorrow early in the morning.

2. My girlfriend and me going to Acapulco in Mexico in June. 8. A: Have you decided where you ________________ (stay) on your trip?

3. Do you do anything tonight? We could go out. B: Well, I_______________________ (not/stay) at the Siesta Hotel, that’s for sure. It’s too expensive.

4. Mike and Fred is leaving tomorrow early in the morning. VII. Choose the correct form of the verbs to complete a sentence and
5. I see doctor Conrad in his surgery this afternoon. underline it.
6. Where you go on your holiday next summer? 1. We’ll go / We are going to the theatre tonight. We’ve got the tickets.
7. I can’t go out tonight. I having dinner with my business partner. 2. I’ll go / I’m going away tomorrow morning. My train is at 8.43.
8. What time you are flying to Madrid tomorrow? 3. I’m sure he’ll lend / he’s lending you some money. He’s very rich.
9. Are not meeting you your friends at the amusement park on Saturday afternoon? 4. She can’t meet us on Saturday. She’ll work / She’s working.
10. Is coming Miss Pitt to your party on Friday? I’d like to see her. 5. Why are you going to / will you buy a new mountain bike?
6. A: Any plans for the weekend?
VI. Complete the dialogues using ‘will’ or ‘going to’ + infinitive:
B: I have not decided yet. I think I will / am going to visit my parents.
7. Great news! The newly appointed director will come/ is coming to discuss our new project.
1. A: I’ve decided. I ______________ (look) for a new job.
8. Will you / are you going to help me?
B: Good idea! I ______________ (help) you prepare a good CV.
VIII. Complete the dialogue with correct grammar forms, present
2. A: When ________________ (you/bring) those books that you promised to lend me? continuous or ‘be going to’.
B: Oh, I’m sorry. I completely forgot about that. I __________________(bring) them in tomorrow Alex: Hi Sarah, have you started working on the annual report?
morning. Sarah: Yes, Alex, I’m currently reviewing the financial statements and identifying key trends.
I ________________ (to meet) with the accounting team tomorrow to clarify some figures.
3. A: So, you’ve decided to buy a new car. What type of car ___________________ (you/choose)? Alex: That’s good to hear. I’m also in the process of collecting feedback from different departments.
B: I don’t know. We ______________ (to integrate) their insights to provide a comprehensive overview.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
Sarah: Excellent! I _________________ (to collaborate) with the design team to ensure the visual Тема. 3.3. Continuing education in the public service
elements.
Pre-reading
Alex: Perfect timing. I _______________ (to meet) with the team next Monday. We want to ensure
everyone is well-prepared to discuss their respective sections.
Read the following quote and discuss it with your groupmates.
Sarah: Smart move, Alex.
Alex: By the way, when ______ you _________ (to share) the first draft? “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change
Sarah: I _______________ (to plan) to have a preliminary draft ready by the end of this week. We can
the world“.

schedule a meeting next week to go through it together. Nelson Mandela

Alex: Great! I ______________ (to review) the draft and provide my input. Let’s make sure this annual
report reflects our company’s achievements accurately.
Sarah: Absolutely, Alex. I’m sure that with our combined efforts, this report will be a valuable resource Answer the questions.
1. Should adults learn or it is enough to get a university diploma when you are young?
for stakeholders. 2. Is continuing education important in the public service sector? Why/why not?

I. Match English-Ukrainian equivalents.

1. proactively a) покращувати свої знання

2. enroll in a course b) отримувати ступінь магістра

3. undergo rapid transformations c) ініціативно

4. broaden one’s horizons d) пройти швидкі трансформації

5. continuing education e) підвищення рівня знань

6. in-house training programs f) гранти, стипендії

7. knowledge enhancement g) неперервна освіта

8. pursue a master’s degree h) стипендії

9. scholarships i) записатися на курс

10. grants j) внутрішні програми навчання

11. enhance their knowledge k) розширювати свої горизонти

II. Read and translate the text

Why is continuing education and professional development are essential in the
public service sector for career advancement. Public servants who want to move up the
ranks, take on leadership roles, and broaden their horizons should consider investing
time and effort in knowledge enhancement and skills improvement.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
There are various ways public servants can engage in continuing education. One B. It promotes career growth.
option is to enroll in a course or program that is relevant to their field of work.
C. It enhances job prospects.
For example, a government employee involved in policy implementation may choose
to pursue a master’s degree in public administration. Another option is to attend D. It helps public servants adapt to rapid transformations.
workshops, seminars, and conferences that cover topics related to their job. This is an
opportunity not only to learn from experts but also to network with colleagues from
other organizations. IV. Answer the questions:
Government-funded programs are available to support public servants’ learning
goals. In some countries, there are scholarships and grants provided by the government 1. Why is continuing education important in the public service sector?
to encourage employees to pursue higher education. There are also in-house training 2. What are some ways public servants can engage in continuing education?
programs offered by government agencies to help their staff acquire job-related 3. How can attending workshops, seminars, and conferences benefit public servants?
skills. Public servants should take advantage of these opportunities to enhance their
knowledge and competencies. 4. Are there any government-funded programs available to support public servants’ learning goals? If so,
Continuing education is not only beneficial for individual public servants but also what are they?
for the government and the public they serve. When public servants are equipped with
5. How does continuing education benefit not only individual public servants but also the government
updated knowledge and skills, they are more effective in their roles and can deliver
better services to the citizens. Moreover, continuous learning enables public servants to and the public?
adapt to changes and new developments in their field. This is particularly important in 6. Why is continuous learning particularly important in sectors that undergo rapid transformations?
sectors that undergo rapid transformations, such as technology and healthcare.
In conclusion, continuing education is crucial for those working in the public service 7. What should public servants do to improve their knowledge and skills in order to be more effective in
sector. It provides learning opportunities, promotes career growth, and enhances job their roles?
prospects. Public servants should proactively seek ways to improve their knowledge
and skills to stay up-to-date and be more effective in their roles.
V. Match A to B to make phrases from the text.
III. Choose the correct answer to the questions.
1. Continuing a) workshops
1.What is one reason why public servants should engage in continuing education?
A. To receive promotions. 2. Professional b) the horizons
B. To broaden their horizons.
3. Career c) education
C. To network with colleagues from other organizations.
D. To apply for government-funded programs. 4. Move up d) advancement
2. How can public servants engage in continuing education?
5. Broaden e) in a course
A. By attending workshops, seminars, and conferences.
B. By pursuing a master’s degree in public administration. 6. Knowledge f) job-related skills
C. By acquiring job-related skills through in-house training programs.
D. All of the above. 7. Enroll g) enhancement
3.What is one benefit of continuing education for public servants?
8. Pursue h) from experts
A. They can deliver better services to the citizens.
B. They can adapt to changes and new developments in their field. 9. Attend i) the ranks
C. They can receive scholarships and grants from the government.
10. Learn j) with colleagues
D. They can achieve higher job positions.
4. According to the text, why is continuing education important in sectors like technology and 11. Network k) development
healthcare?
12. Acquire l) master’s degree
A. It provides learning opportunities.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
VI. Fill in the blanks with the lexicon from the box: Prepositions At, On, In
Compare at, on and in:
education, development, colleagues, horizons, advancement, workshops, course,
master’s degree, ranks, experts, enhancement They arrived at 5 o’clock.
They arrived on Friday.
Continuing education and professional ________(1) are essential in the public service sector for career
They arrived in June. / They arrived in 2012.
________(2). Public servants who want to move up the ________(3), take on leadership roles, and
We use:
broaden their ________(4) should consider investing time and effort in knowledge ________(5) and
at for the time of day
skills improvement.
at five o’clock at 11.45 at midnight at lunchtime at sunset etc.
There are various ways public servants can engage in continuing ________(6). One option is to enroll in
on for days and dates
a ________(7) or program that is relevant to their field of work. For example, a government employee
on Friday / on Fridays on 16 May 2012 on New Year’s Day on my birthday
involved in policy implementation may choose to pursue a ________(8) in public administration. Another
in for longer periods (months/years/seasons etc.)
option is to attend ________(9), seminars, and conferences that cover topics related to their job. This
in June in 2012 in the 1990s in the 20th century in the past in winter
is an opportunity not only to learn from ________(10) but also to network with ________(11) from
We say:
other organizations.
at the moment / at the minute / at present / at this time (= now):
Can we talk later? I’m busy at the moment.
VII. Translate the sentences into English with the help of the lexicon from
at the same time
the lesson.
Kate and I arrived at the same time.
1. Розробка нового програмного забезпечення тривала довше, ніж очікувалося.
at the weekends / at weekends (or on the weekend / on weekends in American English):
2. Розвиток медичних технологій врятував багато життів.
Will you be here at the weekend? (or … on the weekend)
3. Вона піднялася вгору по кар’єрних сходах на роботі і тепер очолює команду.
at Christmas (but on Christmas Day)
4. Подорожі розширили мій кругозір і допомогли мені побачити світ по-іншому.
Do you give each other presents at Christmas?
5. Покращення якості зображення на цьому телевізорі вражає.
at night (= during nights in general), in the night (= during a particular night):
6. Щоб досягти успіху, необхідна постійна освіта.
I don’t like working at night. but I was woken up by a noise in the night.
7. Я зараз проходжу онлайн-курс, щоб покращити свої знання англійської мови.
We say:
8. Оксана щойно отримала ступінь магістра з ділового адміністрування.
in the morning(s) but on Friday morning(s)
9. Моя компанія проводить семінари, щоб допомогти співробітникам покращити свої навички спіл-
in the afternoon(s) on Sunday afternoon(s)
кування.
in the evening(s) on Monday evening(s) etc.
10. Ми консультувалися з галузевими експертами, перш ніж запускати наш новий продукт.
I’ll see you in the morning. I’ll see you on Friday morning.
11. Мої колеги дуже підтримували (to be supportive during smth) мою презентацію.
Do you work in the evenings? Do you work on Saturday evenings?
We do not use at/on/in before last/next/this/every:
I’ll see you next Friday. (not on next Friday)
They got married last June.
We often leave out on before days. So you can say:
I’ll see you on Friday. or I’ll see you Friday.
I don’t work on Monday mornings. or I don’t work Monday mornings.
We say that something will happen in a few minutes / in six months etc. :

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.
The train will be leaving in a few minutes. (= a few minutes from now) 10. We often go skiing ________ spring because the days are longer.
Andy has gone away. He’ll be back in a week. (= a week from now) 11. The castle was built _____ the Middle Ages.
They’ll be here in a moment. (= a moment from now, very soon) 12. The manager has an appointment with a new client _______________ 5 p.m.
13. She sleeps the morning and works _________ night.
We also use in … to say how long it takes to do something: 14. My dad plans to return from his business trip _________ Saturday or Sunday evening.

I learnt to drive in four weeks. (= it took me four weeks to learn) III. Complete the sentences. Use at, in or on + the following:

the evening, about 20 minutes, 1756, the same time, the 1920s, the moment,
I. Fill the gaps with at, in or on.
21 July 1969, night, Saturdays, 11 seconds
1. It’s ridiculous. The bank closes _____ 2:30 pm. 1. Mozart was born in 1756.
2. I normally phone my girlfriend _____ 10 o’clock every evening. 2. If the sky is clear, you can see the stars __________.
3. _____ 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue. 3. After working hard during the day, I like to relax __________.
4. I love watching the James Bond film _____ Christmas Day. 4. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon __________.
5. Jim had a terrible journey to Wales _____ Christmas Eve 2003. 5. It’s difficult to listen if everyone is speaking __________.
6. We’re planning to go skiing _____ Easter. 6. Jazz became popular in the United States ______.
7. She passed her driving test _____ March. 7. I’m just going out to the shop. I’ll be back ___________.
8. Some people study best _____ night but I prefer the morning. 8. I don’t think we need an umbrella. It’s not raining __________.
9. I hate doing the shopping _____ Saturdays. 9. Ben is a very fast runner. He can run 100 metres _________.
10. Valencia is too hot for me _____ summer. 10. Lisa works from Monday to Friday. Sometimes she also works _____________.
11. _____ Sunday mornings I have coffee and toast for breakfast and read the newspaper.
12. She’s always very grumpy first thing _____ the morning. IV. Complete the sentence with ‘at’, ‘in’ or ‘on’ + one of the following:
13. I hate going out _____ the week.
14. We usually go out for dinner _____ the weekend.
1492, 25 December, ancient times, January, Monday morning, New Year’s
Eve, night, 2009, Sundays , the 1950s, the moment, the same time
15. _____ Wednesday evenings I go to English class.
1. The pop star Michael Jackson died in 2009.
2. Christians celebrate Christmas ____________.
II. Fill in At, In, On.
3. I don’t like driving _____________ because it’s very dark.

1. _____ what time does the meeting start tomorrow? 4. _______________, people believed in many gods.

2. I last saw him ______ his birthday. 5. Rock and roll music became popular ____________.

3. Don’t go out ______ noon. The sun is too strong. 6. I’m really busy ___________. Can you call me back later?

4. You should start feeling better _________ a day or two. 7. Are you going to see the fireworks display _____________?

5. We’re going on holiday ______ next month. 8. Jack arrived late for work _____________.

6. I should be finished with my report _______ about half an hour. 9. In Europe and the United States, most people do not work ___________.

7. I am working on a new project _______ the moment. 10. I regularly go skiing _____________ because it snows a lot.

8. He had been unemployed for some time but, __________ the end, he found a good job. 11. Columbus ‘discovered’ America _______________.

9. We were planning to start out _______ dawn. 12. If everybody speaks ____________, we’ll never understand each other.

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Модуль 3. Модуль 3.

V. Complete the telephone conversation with ‘at’, ‘in’, ‘on’ where VII. Do online test.
necessarry. If no preposition is needed, leave a space (‘-’).
Alice: Hi Simon, it’s Alice. Are you free _________ this evening?
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a1/at-in-on-prepositions-time/
Simon: No, I’m afraid I’m busy.
Alice: That’s a pity. Are you doing anything _________ the weekend?
Simon: Well, _________ Saturday, I’m meeting an old friend. We played football together ________
last year. But I’m free ________ Sunday.
Alice: Great. How would you like to go to the cinema to see the new James Bond film?
Simon: Sounds good. What time are they showing the film?
Alice: The film starts _________ 8 o’clock. But we should try to get there a little early. The cinema gets
pretty busy _________ the evening.
Simon: What’s the film like?
Alice: I’ve heard it’s the best Bond film ever.
Simon: We’ll see. I prefer the ones that came out _________ the 1960s and 70s.
Alice: I’m sure you’ll enjoy it! So shall we meet __________ around 7.30?
Simon: Sounds good. We should do this more often __________ the future.
Alice: Yes, we should. There will be a few more interesting films _____________ next weekend too.
Simon: Great! So, see you __________ Sunday evening!

VI. Answer the following questions, using At, In, On.

1. At what time do you usually get up in the morning?

2. Do you ever get up at sunrise? Why? / Why not?
3. At what time do you usually go to work or school?
4. What time do you usually get up on weekends?
5. What do you usually do on weekday afternoons?
6. What do you usually do on weekday evenings?
7. Do you always eat lunch at noon? What do you usually eat?
8. Do you ever take a nap in the afternoon? Why? / Why not?
9. Is your birthday in June? If ‘no”, when is your birthday?
10. How do you like to relax at bedtime?
11. Do you ever watch TV at night? Why? / Why not?
12. Can you remember what you did on Tuesday afternoon?
13. Do you ever go skiing in winter? Why? / Why not?
14. At what time is sunset?
15. Were you born in the 1990’s? If “no”, when were you born?
16. Do you ever eat food at midnight? Why? / Why not?

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info@hs.gov.ua
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Посібник: Іноземна мова в публічному адмініструванні (англійська)» (перший рівень) hs.gov.ua