SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-III
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Colour: Noted the colour of
the salt. White Absence of Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+ etc.,
2. Smell: Ammoniacal smell May be presence of NH4+
Take a pinch of the salt between
fingers and rub with a drop of
water.
3. Action of heat:
A pinch of salt is heated in a i. Characteristic smell, gives white fumes
dry test tube. when a glass rod dipped in dil.HCl is Presence of NH4+
brought near the mouth of the test tube,
turns Nessler's solution brown.
ii. Reddish brown turns starch paper
orange yellow. Presence of Br-
4. Flame test:
Salt is mixed with conc.HCl. No characteristic flame Absence of Ca2+, Sr2+ etc
The paste is introduced into
non luminous flame.
5. Cobalt nitrate test (Ash test)
To a pinch of the given salt few No characteristic coloured ash
drops of conc. HNO3 and cobalt Absence of Zn2+, Mg2+, Al3+
nitrate solution are added.
Dipped a filter paper strip into
this solution and burnt. The
colour of the ash is noted.
6. dil.Sulphuric acid test
Take a small quantity of the salt
in a test tube and add 1-2 ml of No gas is evolved. Absence of CO32-
dil. Sulphuric acid.
7. Conc.Sulphuric acid test Reddish brown vapours with pungent Presence of Br-
Heated the pinch of salt with smell turns starch paper yellow. It does not
Conc. Sulphuric acid. turn FeSO4 solution black.
8. Copper turnings test
To a little of the salt in a dry test
tube add few Cu turnings and No reddish brown gas evolved Absence of NO3-
conc. Sulphuric acid. Heat.
1
9. To the aqueous solution of salt No white ppt is formed Absence of SO42-
add dil.HCl and BaCl2 solution.
ANALYSIS OF ACID RADICAL
Preparation of water extract.
A pinch of salt is mixed with water. If the salt dissolves, this aqueous solution is used for the wet tests of acid
radical and is called water extract.
Test for Bromide:
Silver nitrate test:
Acididfy a portion of aqueous A light yellow ppt is obtained which is Presence of bromide is
salt solution with dil.HNO3, partially soluble in NH4OH confirmed.
boil and cool and add AgNO3.
ANALYSIS OF BASIC RADICALS (Group separation)
Preparation of original salt solution
To a little of the given salt added water/dil.HCl and dissolved. The clear solution thus obtained is labeled
as original salt solution. (OSS)
1. To a little of original salt Presence of Zero group
solution add NaOH. Heat. radical(NH4+)
A pungent smelling gas is evolved. Desnse
white fumes are observed when a glass rod
dipped in con.HCl is brought to mouth of the
test tube.
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL
Confirmatory test for
NH4+(Zero gp)
To a little of oss add NaOH Reddish brown ppt is obtained. Presence of NH4+ is
and Nesslers reagent. confirmed.
RESULT
Acid radical: NH4+
Basic radical: Br-
2
The given salt is – NH4Br
