STO.

NIÑO COLLEGE OF ORMOC

COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
Brgy Doña Feliza Mejia Subdivision
Ormoc City

LEA 2
Week 3 - Sep 21-25, 2020
Module/Lesson 6

I. INTRODUCTION:

The comparative models in policing gives the student’s idea in comparison with
other police units, their organization, practices, in particular the prevention and
control of crimes. At first, they have to study the history of the police, how it is
organized, the structure, ranks and the law which mandates the police of a certain
country.

II. LEARNING COMPETENCIES/OBJECTTIVES:

At the end of the lesson the students will be able to:

Identify the police system of the Philippines.

Compare and contrast the police system of the Philippines to the police of Singapore.
Describe the brief history of the PNP and its organizational structure.

III. READING RESOURCES AND INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES:

(Please read carefully and understand the topic below)

Topic: Philippine National Police

Motto: To Serve and to Protect

Agency overview
Formed January 29, 1991
Preceding agencies
Philippine Constabulary (August 18, 1901 – January 29, 1991)
Integrated National Police (August 8, 1975 – January 29, 1991)
Annual budget P187.33 billion (2020)
(US$3.72 billion)
Jurisdictional structure
National agency Philippines
Operations jurisdiction Philippines
Operational structure
Headquarters Camp Crame, Quezon City
Police officers 205,000
Agency executives
PGen. Camilo Pancratius P. Cascolan, Chief, PNP
PLt. Gen. Guillermo Lorenzo T. Eleazar, Deputy Chief for Administration
PLt. Gen. Cesar Hawthrone R. Binag, Deputy Chief for Operations
PMaj. Gen Joselito M. Vera Cruz, Chief of Directorial Staff
Parent agency: Department of the Interior and Local Government via National
Police Commission
Page 2

The Philippine National Police (Filipino: Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas,

abbreviated PNP) is the armed national police force in the Philippines. Its national
headquarters is at Camp Crame in Quezon City, Metro Manila, and it has 205,000
personnel.

It is administered and controlled by the National Police Commission and is part

of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local police officers
are operationally controlled by municipal mayors. DILG, on the other hand,
organizes, trains and equips the PNP for the performance of police functions as a
police force that is national in scope and civilian in character.

The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991 when the Philippine Constabulary and
the Integrated National Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975 of 1990.

Contents:
1 History
2 Leadership
3 Organization
 Operational units
 Internal Affairs Service
 Philippine National Police Academy
 National Operations Center (NOC)
 Divisional organization
4 Rank Structure
 Full set of ranks
5 Officers
 Recruitment and training
 Retirement
6 Equipment

History

Passed on December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975, the Department of the
Interior and Local Government Act of 1990 paved the way for a new era for
Philippine law enforcement as the law ordered the total merger of both the
Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police and formally created the
Philippine National Police.[6] R.A. 6975 was further amended by R.A. 8551, the
Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998,[7] and by R.A.
9708.[8] The R.A. 8551 envisioned the PNP to be a community- and service-oriented
agency.

On June 14, 2019, the PNP announced that the Counter-Intelligence Task Force
will be replaced with the Integrity Monitoring and Enforcement Group.[9]

Leadership:

President of the Philippines & Commander-in-Chief – Pres. Rodrigo Roa Duterte

Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) - Secretary of the Interior
and Local Government & NAPOLCOM Chairman – Sec. Eduardo M. Año
Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) Seal - DILG Undersecretary
for Peace and Order - Usec. Bernardo C. Florece Jr.
PNP Director General – PGen. Camilo Pancratius P. Cascolan
Deputy Chief for Administration - PLt.Gen. Guillermo Lorenzo T. Eleazar
Deputy Chief for Operations - PLt.Gen. Cesar Hawthorne R. Binag
Chief of Directorial Staff - PMaj.Gen. Joselito M. Vera Cruz
Page 3

Organization:
PNP operational units there are:

 Aviation Security Group (AVSEGROUP)

This group provides security to all airports throughout the country.

 Special Action Force (SAF)

This group is a mobile strike force or a reaction unit to augment regional,

provincial, municipal and city police force for civil disturbance control, internal
security operations, hostage-taking rescue operations, search and rescue in times of
natural calamities, disasters and national emergencies and other special police
operations such as ant-hijacking, anti-terrorism, explosives and ordnance disposal.
On a special note, the PNP Air Unit is placed under the supervision of SAF.

 Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG)

This group monitors, investigates, prosecutes all crimes involving economic

sabotage, and other crimes of such magnitude and extent as to indicate their
commission by highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and organizations. It
also conducts organized- crime –control, all major cases involving violations of the
revised penal Code, violators of SPECIAL LAWS assigned to them such as Anti-
hijacking, Anti-carnapping and Cybercrimes among others and atrocities committed
by Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)/New People's Army (NPA)/National
Democratic Front (NDF).

 Maritime Group (MG)

This group is responsible to perform all police functions over Philippine territorial
waters, lakes, and rivers along coastal areas to include ports and harbors and small
islands for the security and the sustainable development of the maritime
environment.

 Intelligence Group (IG)

Philippine National Police boat on the Iloilo River, Iloilo City

This group serves as the intelligence and counter-intelligence op of the Crime
Operatives (SOCO) This group provides scientific and technical, investigative aide
and support to the PNP and other investigative agencies. It also provides crime
laboratory examination, evaluation and identification of physical evidence gathered
at the crime scene with primary emphasis on medical, biological and physical nature.

 Police Security and Protection Group (PSPG)

This group provides security to government vital installations, government

officials, visiting dignitaries and private individuals authorized to be given protection.

 PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group (PNP-ACG)

This Group is responsible for the implementation of pertinent laws on

cybercrimes and anti-cybercrime campaigns of the PNP.

 Police Community Affairs and Development Group (PCADG)

 This group undertakes and orchestrates Police Community Relations program
and activities in partnership with concerned government agencies, the community,
and
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volunteer organizations in order to prevent crime and attain a safe and peaceful
environment.

 Highway Patrol Group (HPG)

This group enforces the traffic laws and regulations, promote safety along the
highways, enhances traffic safety consciousness through inter- agency cooperation
concerning Police Traffic Safety Engineering, Traffic Safety Education and Traffic Law
enforcement functions and develops reforms in the crime prevention aspect against
all forms of lawlessness committed along National Highway involving the use of
motor vehicles.

 Civil Security Group (CSG)

This group regulates business operations and activities of all organized private
detectives, watchmen, security/agencies and company guard forces. It also
supervises the licensing and registration of firearms and explosives.

 PNP Anti-Kidnapping Group (PNP-AKG)

This Group serves as the primary unit of the PNP in addressing kidnapping
menace in the country and in handling hostage situations.

 Internal Affairs Service

The PNP created a national Internal Affairs Service (IAS) in June 1999. It is an
organization within the structure of the PNP and one of its tasks is to help the Chief
institute reforms to improve the image of the police force through assessment,
analysis and evaluation of the character and behavior of the PNP personnel. It is
headed by the Inspector General.

 Philippine National Police Academy

The Philippine National Police Academy is located at Camp Gen. Mariano N.

Castaneda, Silang, Cavite and is the premier training academy for the Philippine
National Police, Bureau of Jail Management & Penology and Bureau of Fire
Protection.

 National Operations Center (NOC)

The National Operations Center (NOC) is at Camp Crame. Chief Superintendent
Constante Azares Jr., chief of the PNP-NOC, explained that "the NOC is the hub and
nerve of this facility.

Divisional organization

Regional Police Offices manage and administer Police Stations within the various
regions of the Philippines, each of which include several provinces and independent
cities. Each unit exercises independent control over all police units within their areas
of operation and attached units of the PNP National Headquarters are ordered to
assist these Regional Offices. The National Capital Region Police Office is one such
regional office.

Regional Offices: Area of Responsibility Provincial/City Offices Regional Director

  National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO) National Capital Region –
Metro Manila 5 (All City Offices) PMGen. Debold M. Sinas

Page 5

 Police Regional Office 1 (PRO1) Region 1 – Ilocos Region PBGen. Rodolfo S.

Azurin Jr.

 (PRO2) Region 2 – Cagayan Valley (5 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen. Angelito A.

Casimiro

 (PRO3) Region 3 – Central Luzon (7 Provincials, 2 Cities) PBGen. Rhodel O.

Sermonia

 (PRO4A) Region IV-A – CALABARZON PBGen. Vicente D. Danao Jr.

 (PRO4B) Region IV-B – MIMAROPA (5 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen. Nicerio D.

Obaob

 (PRO5) Region V – Bicol Region (6 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen. Anthony S.

Alcaneses

 (PRO6) Region VI – Western Visayas PBGen. Rene P. Pamuspusan

 (PRO7) Region VII – Central Visayas/ Cebu (4 Provincials, 2 Cities) PBGen.

Albert Ignatius D. Ferro

 (PRO8) Region VIII – Eastern Visayas- Leyte/Samar PBGen. Bernabe M. Balba

 (PRO9) Region IX – Zamboanga Peninsula (3 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen.

Froilan T. Quidilla

 (PRO10) Region X – Northern Mindanao (5 Provincials, 2 Cities) PBGen.

Rolando B. Anduyan

 (PRO11) Region XI – Davao Region (5 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen. Filmore B.

Escobal

 (PRO12) Region XII – SOCKSARGEN / Bangsamoro barangays in North

Cotabato (4 Provincials, 2 Cities) PBGen. Michael John F. Dubria

 (PRO13) Region XIII – CARAGA/ Butuan (5 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen.

Joselito T. Esquivel

 Police Regional Office Bangsamoro Autonomous Region (PRO BAR)

BARMM – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao and
Cotabato City / Excluding Bangsamoro barangays in North Cotabato (All
Provincial) PBGen. Manuel M. Abu

 Police Regional Office Cordillera (PRO COR) Cordillera Administrative Region

(6 Provincials, 1 City) PBGen. R'Win SA Pagkalinawan

Except in Metro Manila, regional police offices are organized into

Provincial and Highly Urbanized City Police Offices

Municipal/City Police Stations
Police Substations
Police Community Precincts
Rank Structure
See also: Police ranks of the Philippines
Page 6

Full set of ranks

Per the current (2019) rank system, the National Police has no rank holders of
Second Lieutenant, Technical Sergeant, Sergeant and Patrolman First Class.

Insignia Rank:
PNP PDG Police General (PGEN)
PNP PDEPDIR Police Lieutenant General (PLTGEN)
PNP PDIR Police Major General (PMGEN)
PNP PCSUPT Police Brigadier General (PBGEN)
PNP PSSUPT Police Colonel (PCOL)
PNP PSUPT Police Lieutenant Colonel (PLTCOL)
PNP PCI Police Major (PMAJ)
PNP PSI Police Captain (PCAPT)
PNP PI Police Lieutenant (PLT)
PNP SPO4 Police Executive Master Sergeant (PEMS)
PNP SPO3 Police Chief Master Sergeant (PCMS)
PNP SPO2 Police Senior Master Sergeant (PSMS)
PNP SPO1 Police Master Sergeant (PMSg)
PNP PO3 Police Staff Sergeant (PSSg)
PNP PO2 Police Corporal (PCpl)
PNP PO1 Patrolman / Patrolwoman (Pat)

Officers
Recruitment and training

The PNP conducts regular recruitment programs, depending on the annual

budget. The entry level for non-commissioned officers is the rank of Police
Patrolman (for male recruits) or Police Patrolwoman (for female recruits). The new
recruits will undergo Public Safety Basic Recruit Course for six months, and a Field
Training Program for another six months. Prior to their actual duty, they are
required to undergo the mandatory special training of PNP SCOUT or PNP Special
Counter-insurgency Unit Training course for 45 days to 5 months to enhance them in
militaristic/tactics for future assignment in the field whether in the Striking Force or
in the Police Station.

Commissioned officers for the Philippine National Police are from the Philippine
National Police Academy as well as through "lateral entry" for specialized disciplines
and requirements such as criminologists in line-officers, lawyers, doctors, engineers,
chaplain and other technical positions and also the rose-from-the-rank personnel
who have reached the qualifications to be a commissioned officer.

Retirement
A police officer has to retire from the PNP when they reach the mandatory
retirement age of 56. Any officer may opt to go on non-duty status at most three
months before the date when they reach the mandatory retirement age so they
could prepare the pertinent documents for their retirement. While on this status
they are still considered as part of the police force and retains their ranking.

Equipment

Uniforms of the Philippine National Police.

List of equipment of the Philippine National Police
 PNP officers are equipped with Beretta 92 and Glock pistols. Their assault rifles used
were M16 and M4A1 rifles and were used by SWAT Teams and the Special Action
Force (SAF). Submachine guns used were the MP5 and UMP45. Shotguns used are

Page 7

the Remington 870 and the Mossberg 590. Recently, PNP have add the IWI Masada
from Israel.

IV. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT:

(Use separate sheet in answering questions)

1. Explain the police system of the Philippines.

2. Compare and contrast the PNP system with the Singapore police system.
3. What are the duties and functions of the PNP?
4. What specific laws that governs the Philippine National Police?
5. Before the creation of the PNP law, what would be the existing police forces in
the Philippines?
6. Explain briefly the police of the Philippines since the occupation of the Spanish
regime.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_National_Police