ONDO STATE WATER CORPORATION

WATER POLICY

ONDO STATE WATEER CORPORATION

ALAGBAKA HOUSING ESTATE
AKURE

1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

2
PREFACE

3
EXECUTIVE SUMARRY.

4
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Acknowledgement ……………………………………………….. 1

Preface ……………………………………………………………. 2

Executive Summary ……………………………………………… 3

Table of Contents 4

ACRONYMS………………………………………………………….. 5-7

Chapter 1 Introduction:…………………………………………… 8 -21

Chapter 2 Definition of Terms:…………………………………… 22-26

Chapter 3 Needs for Policy:…………………………………………… 27 -30

Chapter 4 Policy Objectives, Goals, Targets and Consumption Standards: 31 - 37

Chapter 5 Policy Principles and Strategies:………………………… 38 – 46

Chapter 6 Policy Statements:………………………………………… 47 - 49

Chapter 7 Institutional Arrangements:……………………………… 50 -61

Chapter 8 Sustainability and financing issues :………… 62 - 66

Chapter 9 Conclusion:…………………………………………… 67

5
 ACRONYMS

BATS Best Available Technologies and Sustainability

CPS Citizens Participation System

CBOs Community Based Organisations

CDAs Community Development Associations

CSOs Civil Society Organisations

ESA External Support Agencies

FGN Federal Government of Nigeria

HDI Human Development Index

FMWR Federal Ministry of Water Resources

JMP Joint Monitoring Platform

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation

LGA Local Government Authority

IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management

NSDWQ Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality

NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development

NGO Non Governmental Organization

NIS Nigerian Industrial Standard

SON Standard of Organisation Nigeria

NWSP National Water Supply and Sanitation Policy

MDAs Ministries and Developmental Agencies

MDGs Millennium Development Goals.

ML/day Million Liters per day

NUWSRP National Urban Water Sector Reform Programme

NEEDS National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy

6
ODSEPA Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency

BOORBDA Benin-Owena River Basin Development Authority

ODWC Ondo State Water Corporation

ODWRC Ondo State Water Corporation Regulatory Commission

O&M Operation and Maintenance

WATSAN Ondo State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency

p/m Per Month

PPP Private Public Partnership

SEEDS State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy

SEMA State Emergency Management Agency

ODHA Ondo State House of Assembly

RDM Resource Directed Measures

RWSS Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector

UNICEF United Nations Children Education Fund

DFID Department for International Development

VLOM Village Level Operation and Maintenance

VIP Ventilated Improved Pit Latrine

WB World Bank.

WSP Water Service Providers

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

UFW Unaccounted for Water.

WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

WASHCOM Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Committee

WECA Wealth Creation Agencies

WES Water and Environmental Sanitation

7
WIMAG Water Investment Mobilization and Application Guidelines

WSS Water Supply and Sanitation

WUA Water User Association

NRWI National Water Resources Institutes

ODSACA Ondo State Agency for the Control of Aids

COWSAB Country Water and Sanitation Board

NICEP

8
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Preamble

1.1.1 Affordable, abundant and clean water is essential for human well being and development.

There are clear linkages between access to potable water and health, nutrition levels and by
extension educational achievement, labour productivity and economic growth.

1.1.2. The WHO-UNICEF Joint Monitoring Platform (JMP) estimates that 1.1 billion people
currently do not have access to drinking water sources that are likely to be safe (i.e.
‘improved water sources’) and which allow for sufficient water to be collected. The JMP
estimates that 2.6 billion people do not have access to sanitation facilities that are likely to
meet basic standards of safety and hygiene (i.e. ‘improved sanitation’).

1.1.3. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were set at the Millennium Summit of 2000.
Goal 7, Target 10 is to halve by 2015 the proportion of people who are unable to reach or to
afford safe drinking water.

1.1.4. Four studies have indicated that Nigeria like many other Sub Saharan African countries is
not on track to achieve this target. One of these studies is a World Bank Project
Performance and Assessment Study produced by the Bank’s Independent Evaluation Group
which raised fears on Nigeria’s march towards the MDG goal in the water and sanitation
sector. The Group’s report states inter alia:

1.1.4.1 It is highly unlikely that Nigeria will meet its water supply and sanitation targets
under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It has long been thought that the
service coverage in urban areas is 50 percent for water supply. Based on a sample of
towns and cities included in the three projects, it seems that water service is
accessible to not more than a quarter of the urban population (in the case of Kaduna
state) and often to as few as 10 percent. Thus there is a threat that service coverage
seems to be dropping rather than rising as the country approaches the 2015 MDG
target year”.

1.1.5. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human development Index 2006
says Nigeria has a ‘Low human development water, sanitation and nutritional status’, and
the UNDP rated it 159th out of the 177 countries studied. Specifically, the UNDP report says
that the population with sustainable access to improved sanitation is 39% in 1990 and 44%
in 2004, while the population with sustainable access to improved water source was 49% in
1990 and 48% in 2004. The report further says that on current trends Sub-Saharan Africa
will reach the water target in 2040 and the sanitation target in 2076.

9
1.1.6. However, the UNDP report also states that the targets in all countries including Nigeria are
achievable with greater political will and resources.

1.1.6.1. “The word crisis is sometimes overused in development. But when it comes to water,
there is a growing recognition that the world faces a crisis that, left unchecked, will
derail progress towards the Millennium Development Goals and hold back human
development. For some, the global water crisis is about absolute shortages of
physical supply. The UNDP Report rejects this view. It argues that the roots of the
crisis in water can be traced to poverty, inequality and unequal power relationships,
as well as flawed water management policies that exacerbate scarcity”.

1.1.7. The UNDP HDI 2006 outlines the four ways out of what it calls mismanagement of water
resources.

a. Make water a human right—and mean it. All governments should go beyond vague
constitutional principles to enshrine the human right to water in enabling legislation.

b. Draw up national strategies for water and sanitation. All governments should prepare
national plans for accelerating progress in water and sanitation, with ambitious targets
backed by financing and clear strategies for overcoming inequalities.

c. Support national plans with international aid. For many of the poorest countries
development assistance is critical.

d. Develop a global action plan.

1.1.8. According to the National Policy on Water and Sanitation, the mortality rate due to poor
sanitation in Nigeria is alarming (approx between 5-20%), resulting from diseases such as
diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, para-typhoid, guinea worm, bilharzia, etc. Several
administrations of the three tiers of Government in Nigeria, from colonial times, have paid
less attention to sanitation improvement than water supply. This may be due to the popular
notion that sanitation is a private household affair and should therefore be left to each
individual household to handle as it deems fit. The truth, however, is that an integrated
approach for good sanitation, effective hygiene practices and potable water are needed to
promote the good health and quality of life of all Nigerians.

1.1.9. The improvement of health and quality of life is an important aspect of good Governance in
a developing economy like Nigeria, with a population in excess of 160 million people. Poor
sanitation negates any positive gain made through improved supply of potable water.
Contaminated water and unsanitary conditions are the cause of prevalent water and
sanitation related preventable diseases such as cholera, typhoid, diarrhea, dracunculiasis,
(guinea worm), and schistosomiasis. Studies have shown that the prevalence of diarrhea and
cholera outbreaks is a common occurrence in schools and communities. An estimated

10
 150,000 to 200,000 diarrhea-related deaths occur among children below the age of 5 each
year. A total number of 719,138 diarrhea cases were reported in 2002, giving a national
incidence rate of 584.50 against 442.00 in 1994 (32.24% increase).

1.1.10. Cholera has continued to plague Nigerian communities. From a low incidence rate of
2.02 in 1999, the Nation recorded a 19.02 incidence rate in 2002 (841.58% increase).
Typhoid and Paratyphoid cases have risen from a reported incidence rate of 22.38 in
1994 to 77.48 in 2002. Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm) now on the decline from
653,620 cases in 1987/88 to 1,460 cases in 2003, still exists in 16 states and remains
an important concern with multiple adverse effects on health, education and
economic activities especially in the rural areas

1.1.11. Sanitation is one of the basic necessities, which contributes to human dignity and
quality of life and is an essential pre-requisite for success in the fight against
poverty, hunger, child deaths, and gender inequality and women empowerment.
Throughout the developing world, basic services are not adequately available and
accessible to the citizens. The result is that the poor are deprived of a decent and
dignified life style, leading to deterioration of human environment.

1.1.12. Proper sanitation means the promotion of health by safe disposal of excrement,
encompassing critical components of sanitation services like privacy, dignity,
cleanliness as well as a healthy environment through safe disposal techniques.

1.1.13. Recognizing deficiency in the provision of water and sanitation services in Ondo
State, the State Government initiated the preparation of Water and Sanitation Policy
for the State to meet the commitment of the Millennium Development Goal No 7,
Target 10. This MDG goal focuses on environmental sustainability and the WSS
target is to “halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to
safe drinking water and basic sanitation”

1.2.0 Ondo State at a glance

1.2.1 The present Ondo State was an integral part of Ondo province in the post-independence
Western Region of Nigeria in 1967; Ondo province was part of the then newly evolved
Western State. In 1976 the country was further restricted into 19 States and Ondo province
became a state. In 1987 and 1991, Nigeria was further subdivided into 21 and 30 State
respectively; while 1996 the States were further expanded to 36.

1.2.2 Geography

1.2.2.1 Ondo State is located in the South Western part of Nigeria. The State lies within
latitudes 5o 8o 15’ North and longitudes 4o 45’6’ East. It is bordered in the
Northwest by Ekiti and Kogi States- West-Central by Osun State; North east, East

11
 Central by Edo State; Southwest by Ogun State and Southeast by Delta State. The
Southern coastline rests on the Atlantic Ocean with considerable territorial waters
offshore, and is rich in aquatic and mineral resources of significant importance.

1.3.0 ENVIRONMENT AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS.

1.3.1 Ondo State has a surface area of approximately 15,317km 2, which represents only
1.66percent of the total surface area of Nigeria. There are 18 Local Government Areas
(LGAs) in the state. The LGAs vary considerably in size, ranging from 1600km 2 for Idanre
to 180km2 for Ifedore. The State has a variety of land and forms from the coastline in
around Ilaje and Ese-Odo LGAs, the land rises to an undulating landscape with considerable
elevations in the Idanre hills, in Idanre LGA, Oka Hill in Akoko – South West LGA.
Geologically, the state’s rock is made up of the pre-combrain rock mass. The crystalline
rocks are fairly heavily mineralized with some evidence of gold and iron-ore. Both rock
types occupy more than 80 percent of the State. There are also younger rocks of
sedimentary origin in most of the southern end of the state, which are found to be endowed
with such minerals as limestone and petroleum amongst others. Therefore, the economic
potentials of the state’s mineral resources appear very high and promising.

1.3.2 Ferruginous tropical soils largely cover the remaining area of Ondo State. Crystalline acid
rocks constitute the main present materials of these soils. The soils are generally considered
to be of high natural fertility. They are however susceptible to erosion and occasional water
logging as a result of the day sub-soil. Areas with ferruginous soil are particularly suitable
for cocoa production as evident in the long history of significant cocoa production in the
state. The soil was exceptional clayed texture, but combine good drainage with good
properties of moisture and nutrient retention. In terms of productivity and potentialities, the
coastal alluvial soils of llaje and Ese-odo LGAs are low. The remaining soils of the state are
medium to high productivity with good potentially for both food and non –food agricultural
production.

1.3.3 Climate

1.3.3.1 The climate conditions in Ondo state follow the pattern in South Western Nigeria,
where the climate is influenced mainly by the rain-bearing South West monsoon
winds from the ocean and dry Northwest winds from the Sahara /desert. High
temperatures and high humidity also characterize the climate, which facilitate the
growth of tropical crops and high forest. There are two distinct seasons, the raining
season which last for about seven months (April to October) while the main dry
season lasts generally from late October to March. The amount and pattern of the
season remain the most important climatic factor in agriculture production
possibilities in Ondo State. In general terms, the State is well endowed with high
rainfall that varies from about 2540mm a year in the South-eastern strip to 2032mm

12
 along the remaining coastline, 524mm in the middle part, and 1270mm along the
Northern part made up mainly of the four Akoko humidity of about 30 percent.

1.3.3.2. A variety of food crops is produced in Ondo State. Notable amongst them are
cassava, yam, maize and coco-yam. The minor ones include rice, melon, sweet
potato, plantain, cowpeas and groundnut. The State also produces a wide range of
vegetable crops such as okro, pepper and tomatoes, and has the potentials to produce
such crops as banana, citrus fruits, pineapple and pawpaw.

1.3.3.3 Ondo State is unique in terms of its ecological diversity and its endowment with
mineral and natural resources, despite its relatively small land mass. However, the
state is strongly susceptible to ecological damage and sever degradation if not
carefully protected and managed. More importantly, the coastal zone of the state
constitutes part of the Niger delta wetlands that is of global significance and this is
where endangered species should be protected. Apart from being described as having
the longest coastline in the federation, it has beaches that are generally muddy unlike
other coastlines. Both are being eroded at an alarming rate of between 30 and 90
meters per annum.

1.4 Ondo State Water Corporation.

1.4.1 An adequate supply of fresh water has always been and is still a basic requisite not merely
for man’s advancement but for his survival. This statement is true of all human societies, no
matter at what stage of development they are; hence, communities are often located near
water or oasis. Everywhere, the availability of water determines to a large extent the well
being of the population, a pre-requisite for any rise in the standard of living of the
population, whether in towns, villages, or rural areas.

1.4.2 The Ondo State Water Corporation (ODWC) was formally established in May 1976 as one
of the three replicated Corporations of the former Western Nigeria water Corporation. The
two others were Oyo and Ogun State Water Corporations. The legal Edict providing for the
establishment of the Ondo State Water Corporation was signed in to law on 4 th November,
1977 and was published in an official gazette no. 17 Vol. 3 of 25 th May, 1978.
1.4.3 By this Edict the Corporation is saddled with the responsibility of;

a) Establishing constructing, controlling, managing, extending and developing such new

Water works
b) Extending and developing such existing Water Works as it may be considered necessary for
the purpose of providing wholesome, potable water for the consumption of the Public and
for domestic, trade, commercial, industrial, institutional, scientific and other uses in
various parts of the State.
c) Ensuring that the water is supplied to the Consumers thereof at reasonable charges and in
potable quality and adequate quantity

13
 d) Organizing the conduct of comprehensive research for the purposes of the Corporation from
time to time on matters relating to its functions under the Edict and submitting on request
the result of such research to the Executive Council for utilization of the same by it in the
formulation of Policy relating to the supply and usage of water in the State.
e) Making arrangement and entering into agreements with any person, Department, or Office
of the Government or any other Body or Institution, or to delegate authority to any of its
members, Officers, Employees, Servants or agents for the exercise, performance or
provision by the Corporation, or any of the functions, service or facilities which may be
exercised, performed or provided by the Corporation under this Edict.

1.4.4 The Corporation inherited 15 Water Supply Schemes that covered only about 35% of the
State population. By 1986, six (6) more Water Supply Schemes had been added to the
existing ones bringing the total to 21. During the same period, extensions of existing
Schemes to new areas were carried out and this brought the coverage to about 60%. After
about six years, i.e. by 1992, the number had again increased to 28 and by 1993 five more
Water Supply Schemes had also been commissioned to bring the total to 33.

1.4.5. However, in 1996, when Ekiti State was created out of the Old Ondo State, the number of
Schemes dropped to 24 but as at February 2014, the number has increased to 45 -all having
a combined designed capacity of 105,757.63 m3/day to serve the present estimated Ondo
State population of about 3.72million.
Apart from the fact that almost all the water schemes are no longer functioning up to
designed capacities and therefore need rehabilitation attention, the combined designed
capacity is grossly less than the total average estimated water demand of 362,440m3/day for
Ondo State. The implication of this is that the present installed capacity can only cover
about a third of the State population assuming all the water schemes are functioning at their
designed capacities. This gives an estimated water demand gap of about 256,683m3/day.

1.4.6 Therefore, a lot is needed to be done in terms of bridging this very big gap. The best
approach is rehabilitating or/and upgrading the existing water schemes and putting in place
new ones. An interim measure was found in the drilling of solar powered boreholes
(SPBHs) in rural areas and some special Institutions in the State. A SPBH that is capable of
yielding between 0.75L/s to 1.2L/s of potable water is accepted, while a yield of less than
0.75L/s cannot sustain a solar pump and such a borehole will be converted into a hand
operated pumping system.

14
 Table 1.1: LIST OF URBAN & RURAL WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES IN ONDO STATE

S/NO Description Date of Installed Population X Community Demand Status

Commissioning Capacity 1,000 as at Water Gap
(M3/Day) January, 2015 Demand
(M3/Day) (M3/Day)

Urban Water Supply Schemes

(Population of 5,000 and above)

Ondo North
Senatorial
District

1 Egbe dam WSS 1989 45,000.00 891.684 57,959.49 12,959.49 Under

controversy
(presently with
the State Asset
sharing
committee)

2 Awara dam WSS 1958 1,820.00 180.317 16,228.53 14,408.53 Functioning

3 Osse (Owo) 1991 3,910.00 166.732 15,005.84 11,095.84 Under Rehab.

WSS

4 Ifon WSS 1965 2,464.00 30.050 2,704.51 240.51 Not

Functioning

5 Ido Ani WSS 1985 990.00 33.625 2,070.24 1,080.24 Functioning

6 Uso/Ogbese 1964 450.00 14.636 557.24 107.24 Functioning

WSS

7 Oke-Agbe B/H 1986 1,080.00 21.216 424.33 (655.67) Functioning

WSS

8 Okeluse B/Hole 1986 80.00 8.743 174.85 94.85 Not

WSS Functioning

Imoru/Ijagba 1986 695.00 12.144 242.89 (452.11) Not

9 B/H WSS Functioning

Ute B/Hole WSS 1986 100.00 6.432 128.64 28.64 Not

10 Functioning

Ondo Central -
Senatorial
District

11 Owena (Ondo) 1965 19,600.00 849.054 39,429.90 19,829.90 Skeletal

WSS production
cover dam

15
 collapsed

12 Owena (Igbara 1971 5,450.00 119.445 7,763.94 2,313.94 Functioning

Oke) WSS

13 Okeigbo WSS 1961 2,275.00 26.167 1,583.26 (691.74) Functioning

14 Alagbaka WSS 1930 450.00 5.384 442.23 (7.77) Functioning

15 Ala River WSS 1980 1,360.00 85.000 NA NA Not

Functioning

Ondo South Senatorial District -

16 Araromi Obu 1980 454.00 10.970 713.06 259.06 Functioning

WSS

17 Atan Spring 2004 2,400.00 56.200 3,653.03 1,253.03 Not

WSS Functioning

18 Agbure Spring 2004 4,000.00 42.699 2,775.46 (1,224.54) Not

WSS Functioning

19 Lowolomo 1997 1,440.00 14.674 953.81 (486.19) Functioning

Spring WSS

20 Okiti Pupa B/H 1973 900.00 71.526 4,649.20 3,749.20 Functioning

WSS

21 Ilutitun B/H 1972 1,170.00 48.703 3,165.68 1,995.68 Not

WSS Functioning

22 Aiyetoro B/H 1991 1,080.00 24.692 1,604.95 524.95 Not

WSS Functioning

23 Akotogbo B/H Not yet 480.00 13.071 23,692.00 23,212.00 Not

WSS Completed Functioning

24 Ajagba B/H Not yet 480.00 11.529 749.41 269.41 Not

WSS Completed Functioning

25 Ayeka/Igbodigo Not yet 480.00 11.133 7,687.00 7,207.00 Not

B/H WSS Completed Functioning

26 Ikoya B/H WSS 2004 616.00 7.544 490.35 (125.65) Not

Functioning

16
 27 Ugbonla Well 1991 918.00 10.823 703.51 (214.49) Not
WSS Functioning

28 Arogbo Well 1998 501.50 14.100 916.48 414.98 Not

WSS Functioning

Ode-Irele B/H 1971 675.00 56.200 3,653.03 2,978.03 Not

29 WSS Functioning

Igodan Lisa B/H 2007 116.00 3.531 229.52 113.52 Not

30 WSS Functioning

Igbobini B/H 2005 660.00 9.471 615.59 (44.41) Not

31 WSS Functioning

Ondo North Senatorial District

1 Ipele B/H WSS 1985 165 10.682 213.63 48.63 Not

Functioning

Ondo Central
Senatorial
District

2 School of Agric. 1988 675 1.196 88.45 (586.55) Not

WSS Functioning

3 Ukere/Oshinle 1985 50 2.692 265.34 215.34 Functioning

WSS

4 Imafon-Igbatoro 2005 49.09 0.586 38.12 (10.97) Functioning

WSS

5 Olobi- 2005 49.09 0.879 57.14 8.05 Functioning

IgbatoroWSS

6 Babasale- 2005 49.09 1.132 73.59 24.50 Functioning

Igbatoro WSS

7 Igunsi-Igbatoro 2005 49.09 0.431 28.04 (21.05) Functioning

WSS

8 Familugba- 2005 49.09 0.829 53.86 4.77 Functioning

Igbatoro WSS

9 Odojomu B/H 1986 165 23.554 765.51 600.51 Functioning

WSS

10 Temidire B/H 1988 165 23.554 765.51 600.51 Functioning

WSS

Ondo South Senatorial District

17
11 Iju Odo B/H 2005 50 1.546 547.04 497.04 Functioning
WSS

12 Ode-Erinje B/H 2005 50 13.984 908.87 858.87 Functioning

WSS

13 Bolowo Zion 1991 1,080.00 4.681 304.26 (775.74) Not

B/H WSS Functioning

14 Zion Pepe B/H 2006 648 6.744 438.34 (209.66) Not

WSS Functioning

15 Agadagba Obon 1996 810 0.340 22.11 (787.89) Not

B/H WSS Functioning

16 Ugbo Well B/H 2006 501.5 3.766 244.82 (256.68) Not

WSS Functioning

17 Aiyetuntun WSS Not yet 49.09 1.347 87.56 38.47 Not

completed Functioning

18 Etikan WSS Not yet 49.09 4.769 310.01 260.92 Not

completed Functioning

19 Oju-Ala B/H 2005 49.09 2.766 179.81 130.72 Not

WSS Functioning

20 Sabomi B/H 2005 49.09 3.338 216.96 167.87 Functioning

WSS

21 Solar Powered NA
Boreholes

Note: There are overlaps in the

Areas of Coverage.

18
S/N Population Classificati Demand
on (L/day)

1 Greater than City 90

100,000

2 10,000 to 100,000 Town 65

3 5,000 to 10,000 Small Town 40

4 1,000 to 5,000 Rural Area 20

5 Less than 1,000 Very Rural 10

Area

In the riverine areas of State, Borehole Water Supply has not proved to be effective because of
peculiar nature of the area. The water is either saline or have high iron contents.

However, provision of Solar Powered Boreholes are now been used as interim measure to serve
some rural communities and special institutions within the State.

Existing Funding Arrangements

The State Government fund water supply schemes through budgetary allocations. The funds are for
capital projects, operation and maintenance. The Ondo State Water Corporation is however
expected to generate enough money through water rate collection at least for operation and
maintenance. Invariably, it does not collect enough revenue because of a myriad of factors. The
Corporation was supported through a World Bank Loan and Federal Government intervention to
execute some rehabilitation works. Rural Water Supply is also partly financed by the Federal
Government and the UNICEF.

Existing Water Tariffs

Water tariff is presently charged to citizens by the ODWC. The analysis below shows the present
water tariffs charged by the ODWC and other service providers.

1. Domestic

2. Commercial

3. Industrial

4. Institutional

19
 DESCRIPTION OF WATER CHARGES OLD RATE /NEW RATE

1. UNMETERED PREMISES

Old Rate New Rate

(a) House in flat form and Bungalow in low

Density Area. N250p/m N1000p/m
b. House in flat form and Bungalow in High
Density Area. N300p/m N1000p/m
c. Upstairs/downstairs building in form of

Face to face. N300p/m N1000p/m

METERED PREMISES.

(i) Domestic Consumer N40/m3 N40m3

(ii) Commercial Consumers N60/m3 N60/m3

(iii) Industrial Consumers N80/m3 N80/m3

(iv) Restaurant/food Canteen N75/m3 N5000/month

INSTITUTIONS

(i) Higher Institution (university/polytechnic) N20,000p/m N60,000p/m

(ii) Govt./Private Colleges N2,000/term min N6,000/term

(iii) Nursery/Primary School N2,000/term N5000/term min

(iv) Oba’s Palace N1000/m min. N1000/Month

(v) Govt. Hospital/Clinics Local

(vi) Govt. Dispensaries N40/m3 N10,000/Month

(vii) Fire Services N40/m3 N100,000/Month

(viii) Churches/Mosques N500p/m N1,000/month

(ix) Armed Forces (Army, Police cust. Prison) N100/m3

D TANKER SERVICES

(i) Registration of outside Tanker N1,500.00 N1,500.00

20
(ii) Renewal N1,000/Year N1,000/Year

(iii) Private & Govt. tanker services N500/500gallons N750/500gallons

E HANDICAPED INSTITUTIONS

(i) School for the deaf, Dump, Blind N20/student/term N5,000per/m

(ii) School for the Mentally Retarded

(iii) Motherless Babies Homes N20/Child/term N5000/Month

F. SERVICE CONNECTIONS

(i) Connection form N200.00 N1,000.00

(ii) Connection Fee. N1,500.00 N2,500.00

(iii) Assessment fee N500.00 N2,500.00

(iv) Connection from the Resevoir Area N5,000.00 N10,000.00

(v) Connection from the rising mains N10,000.00 N30,000.00

(vi) Changing of line (on request) N1,000.00 N2,000.00

H DESCRIPTION OF WATER CHARGES

(i) Reconnection on indebtedness/Reconnection Fees N1,000.00 N1,000.00

(ii) Disconnection on Consumer’ Request N1,000.00 N1,000.00

(iii) Penalty for illegal reconnection N2,000.00 N10,000.00

(iv) Penalty for illegal Water connection N2,000.00 N25,000.00

J METER MAINTENANCE FEES

(i) 25mm Meter N200.00 N500.00

(ii) 100mm N500.00 N1,000.00
(iii) Above 100mm Meter N750.00 N1500.00
K PUBLIC STANDING PIPE:
(i) Community Stand Pipe:
(ii) In the Cities/Major Town N1500.00 N2,000/month

21
L BANKS:
(i) C.B.N Quarters N400/flat N1,000/Flat/m
(ii) C.B.N Office N40,000/Month N70,000/Month
(ii) Commercial Bank N5,000.00/Month N7,500/Month
M RECREATION CENTRE/CLUB HOUSE
(i) Recreation Restaurant N2000.00/Month N10,000/Month
(ii) Club House N500.00 N5,000/Month
(iii) Commercial Fishing
(iv) License fees on registration N200.00 N500.00
(v) Renewal N500.00 N1,000.00
(vi) Monthly Fees N750.00 N15000.00

22
 CHAPTER TWO

2. DEFINITION OF TERMS

2.0. For the purpose of this policy:

2.1 A rural water supply scheme is defined as a simple scheme serving a population of less
than 5,000 people with minimum supply standard of 30 litres per capital per day.

2.2 A semi-urban water supply scheme is defined as a scheme providing water to population
between 5,000, - 20,000 with a minimum supply standard of 80 litres/capital per day.

2.3 An urban water supply scheme is defined as that providing water to a population larger
than 20,000 people with a minimum supply standard of 120 litres per capital per day

2.4 Basic service means a protected, year-round supply of 30 litres per capita per day in line
with the 30 litres basic minimum utilized by UN Agencies preferably within 250 metres of
the community and not exceeding 500 metres, serving about 250 persons per outlet.

2.5 Access to water: Access to safe water is defined as the availability of potable water of at
least 30 litres per person per day, located within 250-500 meters of every household. Access
to safe drinking-water also includes coverage which refers to the percentage of the
population accessing "improved" water sources.

2.5.1 Access to water supply is not merely dependent on the existence of a water source, but it
further involves a range of other aspects such as:

 Regularity: how frequently is the service available to people and when;

 Sufficiency: how much water is available per person (the level of service);
 Affordability: how much do people have to pay for the service, particularly
in relation to their income; can they afford it?
 Quality: what is the quality (of water and sanitation facilities) of the
service available; and,
 Safety: how safe and culturally acceptable is the access to and use of
facilities, especially for women and children who must rely on facilities outside the
household (e.g. public toilets).

2.5.2. Sustainable access has two components with respect to water:

 One stands for environmental sustainability, the other for functional

sustainability.

23
  The former insists on environmental protection through limiting extraction of water
to a capacity below what is actually available. The latter reflects programmed
sustainability in terms of supply and management.

2.6. Access to Sanitation: The basic level of service is of at least one sanitary latrine to serve 10
persons in the community and 50 persons in the school environment. Public sanitary
facilities should be accessible within 200 metres of need.

2.7 Affordability: The extent to which prices (e.g., water supply and sanitation) are within the
financial means of users is important. An important consideration in service planning
relating to choice of service level and pricing. Affordability measures relate to average
household water charges to average household’s income. The standard measurement is that
households are not expected to spend more than 5% of income on water and sewerage.

2.8 Community: The people living in a particular place and usually linked by common
interests.

2.9 Cross-Subsidy: A pricing strategy in which some users pay below average tariff
(subsidized), while others pay above average tariff (subsidizers). Cross subsidies are
commonly used in the water and sanitation sector in an attempt to provide basic services at
low or no cost to the poor.

2.10. Demand-Responsive Approaches: An approach to infrastructure service planning in

which households or communities select a level of service that corresponds to their needs,
preferences, and ability to contribute both to initial capital costs and ongoing operation and
maintenance.

2.11 Drinking Water: All water either in its original state or after treatment, intended for
drinking, cooking, food preparation or other domestic purposes, regardless of its origin and
whether it is supplied from a drinking water system, or a tanker, or taken from a private
well.

2.11.1. All water used in any food production undertaking for the manufacture, processing,
preservation or marketing of products or substances intended for human consumption

2.12. Community Managed Water Systems: On-site or centralized drinking water systems
protected, operated and maintained (small maintenance only) by community water
committee.

2.13 Drinking Water Quality Control: Water tests conducted on routine basis by the water
utility to ensure that water supplied to the consumers meet the standard.

24
2.14. Drinking Water Quality Surveillance: Water tests, sanitary inspections and spot checks
conducted by an independent agency to ensure that water utilities and others suppliers meet
the Standard.

2.15. Drinking Water Service Level: Measure of quality, quantity, accessibility, coverage,
affordability and continuity of drinking water supplied to the population.

2.16. Basins: A Geographical area drained by a single major stream; consists of a drainage
system comprised of streams and often natural or man-made lakes. Also referred to as
Drainage Basin, Watershed, or Hydrographic Region.

2.17. Drainage Basin. Part of the surface of the earth that is occupied by a drainage system,
which consists of a surface stream or water body together with all tributary surface streams
and water bodies. The term is used synonymously with watershed, river basin, or catchment.

2.18. Groundwater Basins. A groundwater basin is an underground reserve of water which may
take the form of a single aquifer or a group of linked aquifers

2.19. Independent Providers: Private entrepreneurs who provide, for example, water supply or
sanitation services to customers for negotiated prices. Contrast with public utilities or
agencies.

2.20. Kiosk: A stationary vending location, typically staffed by an attendant, where water is sold
or distributed by the container.

2.21 Latrine: a receptacle (as a pit in the earth) for use as a toilet

2.22. Pour-flush toilet: a type of latrine where a water seal trap is used to prevent smells and to
check flies and mosquitoes. It is used where water is the common form of anal-cleansing

2.23. Integrated water resource management: IWRM is a process that promotes the
coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to
maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without
compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.

2.24. Improved drinking water sources are defined in terms of the types of technology and
levels of services that are more likely to provide safe water than unimproved technologies.
It is connote the upgrading of traditional latrines to reduce flies and odour, and provide
superstructures; provision of water flush system (septic tank/soak away) and sewerage
system, and provision of hand washing facilities after use. Improved water sources include
household connections, public standpipes, boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs,
and rainwater collections.

2.25 Unimproved water sources includes: Unprotected dug well, Unprotected spring, Surface
water (river, dam, lake, pond, stream, canal, irrigation channels), Cart with small tank/drum,
25
 Tanker-truck, bottled where combined with an unimproved source, and any other type of
supply.

2.26. Improved sanitation facilities are defined in terms of the types of technology and levels of
services that are more likely to be sanitary than unimproved technologies. An “improved
toilet facility” includes only the following- Flush/pour flush toilet connected to piped
sewer system, Flush/pour flush toilet connected to a septic tank, Flush/pour-flush latrine
connected to a pit, Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) latrine, Simple pit latrine with slab (slab
that can be cleaned), Composting toilet, Shared facility of the improved type, accessible and
hygienic.

2.27 Unimproved toilet facilities include: Flush/pour-flush latrine that empties elsewhere
without connection to a piped sewage system, septic tank, or pit, Flush/pour-flush latrine
with unknown drainage, Pit latrine without slab/open pit, Bucket latrine (where excreta are
manually removed), Hanging toilet/latrine, Shared facility of the improved type or no signs
of access or not hygienic, Open defecation in field or bush, into plastic bags (‘flying
toilets’), and any other type of defecation

2.28. Sanitation: For our purpose, sanitation is the safe management of human excreta, including
its safe confinement treatment, disposal and associated hygiene -related practices. While this
policy pertains to management of human excreta and associated public health and
environmental impacts, it is recognized that integral solutions need to take into account
other elements of environmental sanitation, i.e. solid waste management; generation of
industrial and other specialized / hazardous wastes; drainage; the management of drinking
water supply.

2.29 Adequate Sanitation: An Adequate sanitation must meet social, cultural, technology , user
satisfaction and environment friendly criteria. Adequate sanitation means access to safe
excreta disposal facilities, services to households, public facilities, and disposal of liquid and
solid waste without contamination of water sources, health hazards to people and
deterioration of the environment

2.30. Water Service Provider: The whole set of organization, processes, activities, means and
resources necessary for abstracting, treating, distributing or supplying drinking water and
for providing the associated services. Drinking water service providers are essentially State
Water Agencies.

2.31. Sewage, Sewer, Sewerage: Sewage is the effluent in a pipe network. Sewer is the conduit -
usually a pipe - used to carry off water and waste matter. Sewerage is the complete
system of sewers.

2.32. Subsidies: a grant by a government to a person or company to assist an enterprise,

generally to supplement the low income in securing services.

26
2.33. Standpipe, Stand post: A pipe riser with a tap (faucet) used as a source of water, usually
located publicly.

2.34. Ventilated Improved Pit latrine (VIP) a dry latrine system, with a screened vent pipe to
trap flies and often with double pits to allow use on a permanent rotating basis, considered
as a safe, hygienic means of excreta disposal.

2.35 Water Supply Regulators: Independent regulatory bodies that monitor the performance of
water utilities or any other water supply operators and ensure that the water supply complies
with quality standard and service levels.

2.36. Water Source: means either groundwater or surface water. Surface water includes
streams, rivers, lakes or reservoirs. Ground water includes springs, wells or boreholes.

2.37 Water Safety Plan: Essential actions that are the responsibility of the drinking water
provider in order to ensure that drinking water is safe. These are: a system assessment;
effective operational monitoring; and management.

2.38 Water Vendors: These are persons or organizations selling water to households or at
collection points. Vendors may carry drinking water for sale directly to the Consumer by
tanker trucks, wheelbarrows /trolleys or donkey carts.

2.39. Willingness to pay: A measure of demand for particular levels of water supply and/or
sanitation service.

27
 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 NEED FOR POLICY

3.1. The Need for Integrated and Sustainable Management

3.1.1. Water is the elixir of life. It is part of a larger ecological system and vital to the essential
environment for sustaining all life forms. It is a basic human need and must be managed in
the most optimal manner so that consumption and development needs are met. As a scarce
and precious resource its usage has to be planned, along with conservation and management
measures, on an integrated and environmentally sound basis, keeping in view the socio-
economic needs of the State. In the 21st century, efforts to develop, conserve, utilize and
manage this important resource in a sustainable manner have to be guided by the State's
perspective.

3.1.2. Moreover, Water, as a resource is one and indivisible: rainfall, river waters, surface ponds
and lakes and ground water are all part of one system. Planning and implementation of
water related projects have many socio-economic aspects and issues such as environmental
sustainability, resettlement and rehabilitation of project -affected people and livestock,
public health concerns of water impoundment, dam safety etc. Clear guidelines are
necessary in these matters.

3.2. The Need for Equitable distribution of water resources. Complex issues of equity and
social justice in regard to water usage and distribution have to be addressed systematically.

3.3. The Need for Futuristic Planning and Efficient Allocation among Users

3.3.1 Expansion of economic activity inevitably leads to increasing demands for water for diverse
purposes: domestic, commercial and industrial, irrigation, hydro -power generation,
recreation, etc. So far, the major consumptive use of water in the State has been for
domestic, industrial and irrigation purposes. The drinking water needs of the people and
livestock are also to be met. Demand of water for industrial use has so far largely been
concentrated in or near the towns.

3.3.2. However, the domestic and industrial water demand is expected to increase sharply as the
development programmes improve economic conditions and more industries come up there.
Impounding of water for hydropower generation will also increase as the potential in this
sector is harnessed. This underscores the need for the utmost efficiency in water utilization
and public awareness of the importance of conservation and maintenance of water quality.

28
3.4. The Need to Protect Water Source and Quality

3.4.1. Water quality is impacted by untreated or inadequately treated industrial effluents and
sewage flowing into rivers or affecting the surface and ground water. Since this can
adversely affect the health of the populace, special attention will have to be paid to these
aspects. Improvements in existing strategies, innovation of new techniques resting on a
strong science and technology base are needed to eliminate the pollution of surface and
ground water resources, to restore the pristine quality of former years. Technology and
training have to play important roles in the development of water resources and their
management.

3.5. Need to set up a Water Supply Regulatory Commission. There is a need to set up a body
that will serve as an independent umpire between Water service providers and consumers in
the State in the area of setting standards, fixing tariffs, and resolving issues.

3.6. Need to Encourage and Define the role of Private Sector in WSS delivery. The Reform
programme envisages a role for the private sector in service provision, but this role is yet to
be defined, articulated and specially spelt out. Policy is expected to address this issue in
order to give the private sector comfort for their envisaged roles as the public sector has
erstwhile dominated service delivery

3.7. Need to adopt the proposed Water Investment and Mobilization Guidelines (WIMAG)

3.7.1 The Federal Government of Nigeria is developing a policy for devolving to the state more
responsibility and finances for the implementation of sectoral projects. This policy to be
known as the Water Investment and Mobilization Guidelines (WIMAG), is yet to be
finalized at the Federal level but states are required to adopt its guidelines to participate and
benefit from its implementation. Ondo State needs to proactively adopt the proposed
WIMAG guidelines as it may not be possible to review the Ondo State WSS policy to make
it WIMAG compliant if the Federal Government approves the WIMAG in the near future.

3.7.2. The Policy needs to adopt the guidelines that will ensure that Ondo State participates and
benefits from this innovation.

3.8 Need to clearly define the role of the Supervising ministry, and WSS agencies-for
Urban, Small Towns and Rural areas; There is need to strengthen all State Agencies
directly involved in service provision , while a Ministry is set up to coordinate and
formulate policies for the sector.

3.9. Need to set out the roles of all other Stakeholders; NGOs, CDA, WASHCOMs,
Communities, External Support Agencies, and Charities. Water being everyone’s business,
all stakeholders should be brought on board with clearly defined roles and mandates.

29
3.10 Need to define Agency that should be responsible for Sanitation services in Urban,
Small Towns, and Rural areas; presently, the Ondo State Waste Management Authority
and Ministry of Environment are in charge of Water related sanitation in Urban and Small
towns. The sanitation division of the Local Government is in charge of rural areas. These
Agencies need to be empowered to function efficiently and effectively.

3.11. Need to set out the Cost sharing arrangement for Capital and Operation and
Maintenance cost in Water and Sanitation service delivery in Urban, Small Towns
and Rural areas. The State has adopted the cost sharing arrangement stated in the National
Policy, but this has to be reviewed to determine its suitability and applicability in Ondo
State context.

3.12. Need to fulfill some of the conditions and implement some of the programme objectives
of the World Bank that is financing project rehabilitation works in the urban water
sector.

Ondo State is one of the reforming States under a loan support programme from the World
Bank. The reform programme promotes increased role for the private sector in service
provision, implementation of cost recovery measures for the state water utility, increased
citizen’s participation in sectoral programmes and the set up of a Water Supply Regulatory
Body. The Policy is expected to address these issues.

3.13. Need to set out the mechanism for financing water infrastructure. The State Urban and
Rural Water Agencies like in most other states is underfunded. Policy is expected to identify
means of generating adequate funds to meet the Operation and Maintenance and Capital
needs of the WSS agencies

3.14. Need to set up Government policy on tariff, cost recovery, subsidies etc

Who sets tariffs, how should the tariffs be determined? Should the SWA operate as
commercial entity or social service provider? What costs should be recovered and how
should they be recovered? These are thorny yet crucial issues that policy should address.

3.15. Key Sanitation Policy Issues

a. Poor Awareness: There is poor awareness about the inherent linkages of sanitation
with public health.
b. Social and Occupational aspects of Sanitation: The occupational hazard faced by
sanitation workers daily.

30
 c. Clearly Defined Institutional Roles and Responsibilities: The overlaps in the
institutional roles and responsibilities at State and local government levels as
well as communities should be resolved.

3.16. An Integrated Holistic Approach: Sanitation investments were usually planned in a

piece-meal manner and did not take into account the full cycle of safe confinement,
treatment and safe disposal. Therefore, need for the policy to adopt an integrated holistic
approach.

3.17. Technology Choices: Technologies need to be focused on options that are cost-effective,
and sustainability of such investments has been in question.

3.18. Reaching the Un-served and Poor: Urban poor communities as well as other residents of
informal settlements have been constrained by lack of space or economic constraints, in
obtaining affordable access to safe sanitation. In this context, the issues of whether services
to the poor should be individualized and whether community services should be provided in
slums should be addressed. However provision of individual toilets should be prioritized. In
relation to “Pay and Use” toilets, the issue of subsidies inadvertently reaching the non-poor
should be addressed by identifying different categories of urban poor.

3.19. Demand Responsiveness: Sanitation has been provided by public agencies in a supply-
driven manner, with little regard for demands and preferences of communities as customers
of sanitation service.

31
 CHAPTER FOUR

POLICY OBJECTIVES, GOALS, TARGETS AND CONSUMPTION STANDARDS

4.1 Our Vision

The vision of the Ondo State Water Corporation is to develop the water resources of the
State to meet our domestic, industrial and irrigation water requirements. This allows us to
improve the quality of lives of our people through easier access to water, better sanitation;
and our economy, through improved agriculture and industry.
The vision for Sanitation in Ondo State is to ensure that all cities, towns and villages in the
State become totally sanitized, healthy and livable. It will also guarantee and sustain good
public health and environmental outcomes for all residents with a special focus on hygienic
and affordable sanitation facilities for the poor and the women.

4.2 Policy Objective

The main objective of the Ondo State Water Supply and Sanitation Policy shall be to
provide potable water and sanitation services for the people of the State in an affordable,
accessible and sustainable manner.
The objectives of the Policy are:
a. To ensure an open defecation free environment; the safe disposal of seepage, sewage; and
the promotion of health and hygiene practices.
b. To link and integrate sanitation programmes with city and regional planning policies, health,
environment, housing and education.
c. To facilitate access of all citizens to basic level of services in sanitation including the
installation of sanitary latrines in each house-hold, in rural and urban areas, schools, motor
parks and garages, markets and important public places and also community latrines in
densely populated areas.
d. To promote Community Based Sanitation Programmes (CBSP).
e. To develop guidelines for the evolution of an effective institutional and financial
Framework.
f. To enhance capacity building of government agencies and other stake-holders for better
sanitation, particularly avoiding incidents of water borne diseases.
g. To meet national obligations effectively in line with the state aspiration.
h. To change the attitude and behavior on the use of sanitation facilities.
i. To increase mass awareness on sanitation and community mobilization

32
4.3 Goals
The goal is therefore to adopt IWRM frame work coupled with participatory, less privileged
poor open decision making process. The specific goals of this policy are to:
1. Restore the water schemes to their design capacities;
2. Increase accessibility of potable water to the people;
3. Eradicate water-borne diseases.
4. Provide adequate sanitation coverage for improving the quality of life of the people
of Ondo State.
5. To provide physical environment necessary for healthy life.

4.4 Policy Thrust

4.4.1 The State Government is determined to address the challenge of meeting water-related
Millennium Development Goals in water resources management and water services
delivery.

4.4.2 The main focus of the policy is to improve the activities of the State Government Agencies
and other Service Providers in the water and sanitation sector through appropriate
institutional framework that would allow the Stakeholders, Communities and Groups to
articulate their interest, exercise their obligations, and rights with respect to water and
sanitation service delivery and look into their complaints.

4.4.3. The policy of Government includes investing directly in the sector and sourcing for
additional investments from Development Partners and the Private Sector. Furthermore, the
Government will:

i. Provide the right policy and conducive environment for Private Sector
investment in the provision of potable water

ii. Modernize the management of the sector by introducing modern equipment and
training.

The primary focus of sanitation for the purpose of this policy is on the safe disposal of excreta away
from the dwelling units and work places by using a sanitary latrine and include creation of an open
defecation free environment along with the safe disposal of liquid and solid wastes; and the
promotion of health and hygiene practices in the State.

33
4.5 Targets:

(i) To restore existing water supply schemes to their designed capacities and upgrade
deserving ones.

(ii) Increase access to potable water from the present 297.78m 3/day to 327.558m3/day by
2027.

(iii) Construct at least five ground water schemes (deep, well/boreholes) annually
between 2015 and 2027.

(iv) Provision of Sewage treatment plants in each of the three senatorial districts in the
state.

(v) Provision of effluent treatment plant in the industrial zone of the state.

(vi) Provision of water and gender sensitive sanitation in all public schools.

4.6 Domestic Water Demand

Domestic consumption is estimated on the basis of water demand per capita per day, the
water demand being dependent on the degree of urbanization and the availability of the
water. For rural areas of Ondo State, a provision of 50 litres per capital per day is assumed
and 150 litres per capital per day in urban centers.

4.7 Industrial Water Demand

The total area provided for industries and hospitality infrastructure is about 4,000 hectares.
Allowing a gross provision of 50m3 per hectare of land per day for industrial use, a
provision of 200,000m3 per day is projected for this purpose. The total water demand for
Ondo State by the year 2025 is thus summarized as follows:
*Domestic Demand 910,000M litr./day
*Industrial Demand 290,000M litr./day

4.8 Demand Projections

Over the next 25 years, demand for drinking water is expected to grow by at least six
times, i.e. , from 200 to 1,200 Ml/day. Such projections are based on conservative
assumptions:
(a) At a ’normal’ growth rate of 3% per year, the population of Ondo State is expected
to roughly have doubled by 2025;
(b) The current average unit consumption of around 30 litres per person per day could
rise to at least 60 litres over 25 years – a deliberately cautious assumption, and
(c) Today’s coverage of 30% to 40% should be set to possibly reach 80%- 100% by
2020 – another prudent objective.

34
 However, depending on expansion assumptions for the network, the total demand could
range between 650 and 2,300 Ml/day by 2025.
4.9 Long Term Development Goals
The demand projection implies significant capital requirements for infrastructure expansion,
estimated to be in the range of US$1.5 – 2.0 billion, i.e, averaging around US$100million
per year over the next 25 years.

4.10 Water Governance Policy Targets

By the end of 2018, governance systems will be in place to achieve the following:
1. Participatory processes: all citizen of Ondo State will have a voice in Water and
Sanitation planning processes, either directly or through organizations representing
their interest.
2. Transparency: information will flow freely between different stakeholders and
decision-making processes will be transparent and open to public scrutiny.
3. Integrated Planning: Water and Sanitation decision-making will take place within
an Integrated Water Resource Management framework (IWRM framework). As
such, dialogue will be encouraged both horizontally between Stakeholders at the
same level (e.g. inter-sectoral planning) and vertically between Stakeholders at the
State, LGA and community level.
4. Poverty reduction: Water and Sanitation planning at all levels will be aligned with
poverty reduction strategies. In many cases, this will involve increase in the
participation of the poor and marginalized in planning processes and recognize the
importance of making available for small-scale productive/commercial uses.

4.11 Water Resource Management Targets

By the end of 2018, water management initiatives and innovations will lead to the
establishment of: State –Wide Water Information Base:
Establishment of a State-wide Water Management Information Base. As a minimum, this
system must ensure that Stakeholders at all levels have access to good quality water related
information.
Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM): Establishment of state-wide IWRM
plans will aim at sustaining, efficient and equitable water management and protection of
fragile ecosystem.

4.12 Regulatory framework:

This will involve identification of river systems and aquifers at highest risk to
overexploitation and/or pollution. It will also involve the establishment of a monitoring
programme that will focus on high-risk areas and enforce an acceptable regulatory system.
This regulatory framework will be based on a series of resource-directed measures (RDM)

35
 that will provide protection for water resources by identifying an appropriate balance
between protection, development and utilization of different water resources.
4.13 Water Supply and Sanitation Coverage Targets.
Safe Water Supply Coverage Targets for Ondo State for the period of 2010 to 2020 is shown
in the table below.

Table 4.1 Projected Population for Ondo State for the period 2010 to 2020

2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026

Coverage Population

Urban 1,514,135 1,957,214 2,060,312 2,168,841 2,283,087 2,403,351

Small
1,135,601 1,467,910 1,545,234 1,626,631 1,712,315
Towns 1,802,513

Rural
1,135,601 1,467,910 1,545,234 1,626,631 1,712,315
1,802,513

Total 3,785,338 4,893,034 5,150,780 5,422,102 5,707,717 6,008,377

Table 4.2 Safe Water Supply Coverage Targets for Ondo State

2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026

Coverage Population

Urban 1,133,172 1,518,189 1,518,189 1,826,469 2,163,016 2,529,950

Small Towns 440,373 772,617 1,138,642 1,369,852 1,622,262 1,897,462

Rural 440,373 772,617 1,138,642 1,369,852 1,622,262 1,897,462

% Average 34% 52% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Targets

1. The initial target is to improve water service coverage from 33% in 2016 to 52% by the year
2018.
2. Extension of service coverage to 70% of the population by the year 2020
3. Extension of service coverage to 100% of the population in the year 2026.

36
4. Sustain 100% full coverage of water supply and wastewater services for the growing
Population beyond the year 2026.

However, despite a lot of investment and resources having gone into the provision of safe water by
the government and its developmental partners, this has not always translated into the availability of
water that is safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable particularly in rural areas. Therefore to
meet the targets set above, there is need for a holistic approach which will ensure that the
Government institutionalizes the whole process of water production and supply.

Ondo State will meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targets whereby the proportion
of people without sustainable access to improved sanitation will be reduced by half by 2015 and
100 per cent population will be served by 2020 with improved sanitation. Based on the survey
jointly conducted with UNICEF, if the State is to meet the MDGs, measures must been taken to
provide 19,050 Units of toilets yearly for the next Ten (10) years.

By the year 2026, sanitation coverage levels shall be as follows:

1. Rural: Each household in rural areas (community of population of less than 5,000) must own
and have access to safe sanitary facility of at least samplat latrines.

2. Small Towns: Each household in semi-urban areas (population of 5,000 to 20,000)

must own and have access to safe sanitary facility of at least VIP.

3. Urban: Each household in urban areas (population above 20,000) must own and have access
to safe sanitary facility of at least pour-flush toilet.

4.14 Consumption standards

(a) Rural Water Supply: Guarantees minimum level of service of 30 litres per capita
per day within 250 meters of the Community of 150 to 5,000 people, serving about
250-500 persons per water point.

(b) Small towns water supply represents settlements with population of between 5,000-
20,000 with a fair measure of social infrastructure and some level of economic
activity with minimum supply standard of 60 litres per capita per day with
reticulation and limited or full house connection as determined by the
beneficiaries/Government.

(c) Urban water supply 120 litres per capita per day for urban areas with population
greater than 20,000 inhabitants to be served by full reticulation and consumer
premises connection.

37
(d) Rural Sanitation: Each household in rural areas (community of population of less
than 5,000) must own and have access to safe sanitary facility with at least minor
improvements that would reduce flies, odors, etc (at least upgraded pit latrine).

(e) Semi-urban Sanitation: Each household in semi-urban areas (population of 5,000

to 20,000) must own and have access to safe sanitary facility that is easily adaptable
to existing traditional Pit latrine and uses superstructures which blends very well
with other buildings within the Community.

(f) Urban sanitation: Each household in urban area (population above 20,000) must
own and have access to safe sanitary facility that uses suitable and affordable water
conveyance systems.

4.15 Policy principles –

1. All water resources within the state are common good belonging to all residents of
Ondo State, and in fact to all Nigerians.

2. Within the context of an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach to

managing the water resources in Ondo State, the State Government recognizes Water as
a social good, an economic good, as well as an environmental good.

3. The State Government believes that access to water and safe sanitation is a fundamental
human need, therefore, a basic right.

4. Every resident of the State shall have right to access safe sanitation and at least 30
litres of portable water, every day, within a distance of 100metres; and the State
Government shall take steps to guarantee this right,

5. The Ondo State Government recognizes that the Private sector has a role to play in
water resources and sanitation development, and would create an enabling environment
for the participation of the private sector in the delivery of water and sanitation
services.

6. The assets of the public water agencies shall be held in public trust by the State
Government, and the public water utilities shall be managed like enterprises- free from
political interference, autonomous in its managerial, financial, technical and personnel
functions, and operating along commercial lines.

7. Water and sanitation management and development should be based on participatory

approach, involving users, planners and policy makers at all levels. Decisions should be
made at the lowest appropriate level.

8. Women, men, girls and boys in the state shall have equitable access to the management
of safe Water and Sanitation.
38
 CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 POLICY PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES
5.1 Principles of Policy
The underlying principles of the Policy are:
(a) To promote access to water, health and hygiene, as a fundamental human right which cannot
be achieved without potable and affordable water as well as proper and safe sanitation.
(b) Water is a finite and vulnerable resource, thus requiring an integrated approach to its
management.
(c) Water is a social, economic, and environmental good and therefore requires the adoption of
efficient utilization mechanisms as well as ensuring it is equitably distributed.
(d) Water services delivery should be “bottom-up and demand-driven” as opposed to the current
“top-down and supply driven”.
(e) Water development and management should be based on participatory approach involving
Users, Planners, and Policy Makers at all levels.
(f) Women play a central role in the provision, management and safeguarding of water, which
should be reflected in effective participation at all levels.
(g) Attention must be paid to effective operations and maintenance.
(h) Emphasis should be placed on policy development, institutional reform, capacity building,
and creation of an enabling legal environment.
(i) Water and land resources must be managed at the lowest appropriate levels.
5.2 Components of the Policy Objective
The major components of the Water and Sanitation Policy Objectives for the State include:
(a) Improve water supply and sanitation service coverage Statewide to meet the level of demand
in the sector for effective socio economic activities.
(b) Ensure that water supply and sanitation services are accessible, sustainable and affordable,
to the entire populace in the State.
(c) Ensure that Nigerian National Water Quality Standard is maintained by water supply
Service Providers.
(d) Avoid denial of less privileged and poor, access to basic water supply and sanitation
Services.

39
(e) Enhance capacity of the water supply and sanitation Service Providers in management,
operations and maintenance.
(f) Adopt Public-Private Partnership initiative in the Urban, Small Towns and Rural areas.
(g) Encourage Water Consumers Associations and Community Water and Sanitation Board in
Small Towns and Rural areas.
(h) Monitor and evaluate the performance of the sector for necessary policy reviews and
improvements of water supply and sanitation.
(i) Ensure that legislations and standards internationally acceptable for water supply and
sanitation are adhered to.
(j) Provide adequate regulations for water supply and sanitation activities.
(k) Enact the reform of the water supply and sanitation sector to ensure sustainable service to
the entire populace.
(l) Adoption of the IWRM framework for improved water and sanitation governance. Sectoral
programmes and projects will be coordinated with physical planning, housing, environment,
health, education, socio economic policy guidelines, programmes and projects.
(m) Institution of cost sharing arrangements to ensure full participation of Communities in
planning, development, and monitoring of interventions as part of the process of promoting
Community ownership, operations and maintenance of the facilities.
(n) Adoption of Community-led Total Sanitation approach in Small Towns and Rural
Communities.
(o) Develop and use appropriate, low cost easy and cost effective technologies; which are
viable, affordable and locally appropriate, based on indigenous knowledge and local skills.
(p) Involve responsible Departments and Communities for O&M in the planning of sanitation
schemes; initiate research and pilot projects for developing sustainable models focusing on
safe sanitation practices.
(q) The provision and distribution of sanitation facilities and resources should be equitable
between the rich and poor sections of human settlements. Preference shall, however, be
given to those areas where the environmental and social impact shall be the maximum.
5.3 Policy Strategies
To achieve the policy objectives, the strategies with respect to each of the components of the
objectives are as follows:

40
(a) Water supply and sanitation service coverage Statewide to meet the level of demand in the
sector for effective socio-economic activities.
(b) Ensure that Nigeria National drinking water quality standards are maintained by Service
Providers and Household water treatment.
(c) Ensure that water supply and sanitation services are affordable to the entire populace in the
State.
(d) Avoid denial of less priviledged and the poor access to basic water supply and sanitation
services.
(e) Adopt Public-Private Partnership initiative in the urban and small towns.
(f) Encourage Public Private-Partnership Initiatives to improve WSS service delivery.
(g) Monitor and evaluate the performance of the sector for necessary policy reviews and
improvements of water supply and sanitation.
(h) Ensure that Legislations and standards internationally acceptable for water supply and
sanitation are adhered to.
(i) Promote Manpower Development.
(j) Awareness, Education and Training
(k) Institution of Awards.
5.3.1 Improved water supply and sanitation service coverage State wide to meet the level of
demand in the sector for effective socioeconomic activities.
(a). Develop a State water supply and sanitation master plan incorporating water supply and
feasibility survey, demand projection and investment plan for the next thirty (30) yrs.
(b) Regional water schemes as the ultimate goal.
(c) Undertake water supply and sanitation feasibility survey for the State to acquire baseline
data for proper investment planning.
(d) Rehabilitation and modernization of existing water works to restore them to their optimum
operational capacity. Expansion of existing urban water works to enhance capacities to
meet over grown demand.
(e) Distribution network repairs and renewal for all urban water supply schemes.
(f) Comprehensive metering of all water supply schemes from abstraction through distribution
to consumer connections.

41
(g) Maintenance of customer service standards and codes for all consumer property and
premises.
(h) Ensure regular power supply through Independent Power Producers.
(i) Solar driven pumps to be given highest priority where applicable in the Rehabilitation and
construction of borehole based water supply systems.
(j) Construction of new water supply schemes to serve the segments of the population that is
not served.
(k) Promote improvement of transitional sources of Community water supply (protected spring
orifices, protected hand dug well, rain water harvest, etc).
(l) Promote improvement of sanitation (domestic and human waste disposal) facilities
especially in the urban and semi-urban areas.
(m) The Sanitation Department within the Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency
(ODEPA) will be adequately strengthened so as to be able to effectively discharge the
responsibility of overseeing urban sanitation management.
(n) The State Government shall strengthen and reposition the School of Health Technology to
be able to provide needed manpower towards achieving 100% coverage of sanitation status
in the State.
(o) Government shall coordinate a system of planning and feedback, consultation and
coordination at the State level between all agencies (such as environment, health, education,
water resources and rural development, physical planning, housing, etc), and the Local
Government departments dealing with sanitation issues.
(p) Water and Sanitation Technical Committees shall be established at State and Local
Government levels to ensure effective coordination of policy implementation and oversee
the progress in this regard.
5.3.2 Ensure that Nigerian National drinking water quality standards are maintained by
service providers and Household water treatment
(a) The Nigerian National drinking water quality standard shall be the baseline for
service powers.
(b) All water serving 5,000 citizens and above to be equipped with a functional water
quality laboratory of appropriate capacity.
(c) Maintain a state water quality reference laboratory network.
(d) Monitor and protect the quality of raw water sources for drinking.

42
 (e) Monitor the output of water supply undertakings for conformity with drinking water
quality standards.
(f) Traditional water supply sources shall be protected and traditional water quality
practices promoted.
(g) Promote Household water treatment and protection.
5.3.3 Ensure that water supply and sanitation services are affordable to the entire populace
in the State.
(a) Conduct affordability surveys to determine income levels of various segments of the
consumers.
(b) Ensure domestic consumers do not spend beyond 20% of their monthly income in
accessing water supply in line with International standards.
(c) Water supply service cost reduction measures shall be pursued without
compromising the quality of service.
(d) Improved management practice (financial management, operations and maintenance,
abstraction and treatment techniques and control of water sources pollution) shall be
institutionalized to keep the costs to the minimum.
(e) Institutionalize efficiency improvement techniques by water undertakings to reduce
cost.
(f) All water supply undertaking shall be subjected to performance monitoring and
evaluation program.
(g) Tariff policy shall protect the consumer from bearing the additional cost of the
inefficiency of the water supply undertaking.
(h) All consumers shall be metered starting with Industrial and commercial consumers
to communal outlets down to domestic consumers.
(i) Provisions shall be made to extend service to the poor and vulnerable through social
connections (public taps), that may be franchised to WASH Coms/Community
Water Boards or Private individuals.
(j) Tariff policy shall guarantee cross subsidy to accommodate subsidies for the poor.
(k) Tariff policy shall ensure that the time for the return on investment provides
adequate comfort for the consumer.
(l) Research and development of appropriate affordable and low cost technologies for
the disposal and recycling of all wastes.

5.3.4 Avoid denial of less privileged and the poor access to basic water supply and sanitation
services.
(a) Government shall sponsor capital investment for rural water supply. Token
community contribution shall be to foster a sense of ownership, a necessary
ingredient for sustainability.
(b) The rural communities shall take full ownership and maintenance of water supply
facilities provides by the Government.

43
 (c) Cross subsidy shall be implemented to accommodate the needs of the urban poor.
(d) Government shall subsidize for the poor where cross subsidy is not applicable.
(e) Enhance capacity of the water supply and sanitation service providers in
management, operations and maintenance.
(f) Foreign water supply operations shall be encouraged to form joint ventures with
Nigerian companies when operating in the country.
(g) Local manufacture of water supply equipment and treatment chemicals shall be
promoted.
(h) Government shall support Technology transfer arrangements for the local
manufacture of major water supply machinery and equipment (pumps, trunk mains
and distribution pipes, valves and meters).
(i) Government shall support local Training institutions specializing in training of water
supply operatives.
(j) Provide technical support for capacity building at State and Local Government levels
for the construction of waste disposal facilities.
(k) Encourage rapid manpower development through adequate patronage of existing
relevant training institutions such as NWRI, Universities, Polytechnic, Technical and
Vocational Colleges and in-house training capabilities of the existing agencies.
(l) Encourage within the state’s industrialization policy, local manufacture of water
supply equipment and water treatment chemicals.
(m) Establish water supply agencies to operate on commercial basis
(n) Encourage and fund research, development and studies in the water supply sub-
sector.

5.3.5 Adopt Public-Private Partnership initiative in the urban and small towns.
(a) The State Government shall create the enabling environment for private operators
to participate in water supply and waste- water services in the State.
(b) The State Government shall establish a body to be charged with the responsibility of
regulating the activities of water supply and wastewater undertakings in a sector
permissive of greater private participation.
(c) The State Government shall promote private sector participation in the water
supply industry to attract resources for lasting development of the sector.
(d) The State Government shall formulate laws to regulate the activities of the
private operators in the water supply and wastewater services to guarantee
adequate protection of consumers as well as fairness to the service provider.

5.3.6 Encourage Public-Partnerships Initiatives to improves WSS service delivery

(a) Encourage exchange visits between Ondo State WSS agencies and identify well
performing WSS agencies in other states, and outside Nigeria.

44
 (b) Encourage study visits by officials of Ondo State WSS to other State Water
Agencies to share experiences and acquire knowledge about innovative ways of
solving local problems.
(c) Encourage participation of personnel of Ondo State WSS agencies in training
programmes organized by WSS agencies.
(d) Encourage training programmes between Ondo State WSS and other public utilities
worldwide.
(e) Encourage the recruitment of highly skilled technical and managerial staff and
experts from other State Water Agencies as Consultants or Contract staff under
various managements or service contracts to assist in solving specific problems.
5.3.7 Monitor and evaluate the performance of the sector for necessary policy reviews and
improvements of water supply and sanitation.
(a) Maintain a statewide monitoring network for water and sanitation at the State and
Local Government levels.
(b) Institutionalize monitoring at State and local tiers of Government.
(c) Promote community participation in monitoring and evaluation.
(d) Maintain a Statewide water supply and sanitation database.
(e) Ensure feedback of information to promote proper planning and policy adjustment.

5.3.8 Ensure that Legislations and standards internationally acceptable for water supply
and sanitation are adhered to.
(a) To develop standards on design procedure and material quality for water supply
services.
(b) Regular review of all legislations and laws relevant to water supply and sanitation to
ensure that they meet modern day requirements for adequate water supply and
sanitation delivery.
(c) Implementation of the provisions of the WSS policy.
(d) Reform of the water supply and sanitation sector to attain and maintain
internationally acceptable standards.
(e) Commitment to carry out profound reforms in the way the water supply sanitation
sector is managed in the state.

5.3.9 Manpower Development

Take steps to increase the capacity and capability of all water and sanitation related agencies and
departments for the successful implementation of the State
Water and Sanitation Policy.

5.3.10 Awareness, Education and Training.

(a) The State and local governments will be encouraged to develop programmes seeking
collaboration of media, especially TV and radio channels, to promote water and

45
 sanitation related messages in their entertainment programmes and to develop
special programmes related to sanitation and its relationship between civic
responsibility, health and education.
(b) The Traditional and Religious leaders will be motivated for advocacy for raising
awareness on water and sanitation.
(c) A water and sanitation training/awareness raising programme will be initiated as part
of the curriculum at all educational institutions at teachers training institutions,
government ministries and agencies including Basic Health Units, Physical Planning,
Housing, Environment, Health, SACA, Community Development, Primary Health
Care Development Agency, Mother and Child Health Centres and the Social Welfare
Departments. The main focus of the programme will be primary health related; on
why toilets are required and how they should be used and maintained.
(d) Water and Sanitation related issues will also be incorporated in other State
Government’s Policies to help achieve sustainable environment and development.
(e) Awareness will be created amongst the people on the relationship between unsafe
excreta disposal and spread of diseases.
5.3.11 Institution of Awards
The State Government and Ondo Water Corporation will provide incentives in the form of annual
awards/rewards, to be given during the National Sanitation Day Celebration, for the implementation
of the State Sanitation Policy in recognition of efforts towards measurable achievements in
institutionalization of good sanitation practices. A monitoring system through the State Sanitation
Policy Implementation Committee will be developed for the awards to the followings:
1. The Best three (3) Local Governments
2. The Best three (3) CDAs
3. The Best three Media (Print) Operators
4. The Best Media (Electronic) Operators
5. The Best three Primary and Secondary Schools respectively
6. The Best two Markets
7. The Best two Parks and Garages
8. The Cleanest Residential Housing Estate
9. The Cleanest Town
To be eligible for the award, awardees:
1. Must be able to demonstrate that it has developed systems to ensure that the safe disposal of
excreta, sewage solid waste and drainage will be managed efficiently on an ongoing basis.
2. Shall be judged by the Sanitation Implementation Technical Committee on the basis of
criteria that encompass:
(a) Excreta and faces disposal,
(b) Waste water disposal,
(c) Solid waste disposal,
(d) Personal hygiene,

46
 (e) Community participation and
(f) Quality of life.
Suitable performance indicators will be developed for each of these criteria and assigned different
marks, depending on their significance.

47
 CHAPTER SIX

6.0 POLICY STATEMENTS

6.1. The Ondo State Water Corporation shall provide service in urban areas and its assets shall be
publicly owned. Its operations shall either be managed by the ODWC staff or through innovative
Public -Public Partnership such as Internally Delegated Management Contracts or Public Private
Partnerships such as Management or Service Contracts. Technology choice for WSS projects in
urban towns shall be determined by the ODWC.

6.2 The Ondo State Small Towns Water Supply Agency shall provide service in Small towns and
its assets shall either be owned by the entity or by the Community Development Association
depending on the cost and the scale of the technology adopted for each WSS project in a small
town. Management of WSS projects in Small Towns shall be by the Ondo State Small Towns Water
Supply and Sanitation Agency or the CDA depending on the ownership of the project.

6.3 However, the Ondo State Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Agency shall encourage
community ownership and management of WSS as much as possible. Technology choice for WSS
projects in small towns shall be determined by the Agency based on Demand Response approach.

6.4. The Ministry of Rural Development, Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency shall
provide service in rural areas, and its assets shall either be owned by the entity or by the
Community depending on the cost and the scale of the technology adopted for each WSS project in
the community. Management of WSS projects in rural communities shall be by the CDA based
on the principle of community ownership and management. Technology choice for WSS projects
in rural communities shall be determined by the Agency based on Demand Response approach.

6.5 The Ondo State Government believes that access to sufficient, safe, acceptable, physically
accessible and affordable water for personal and domestic uses and safe sanitation is a fundamental
human need.

6.6. Every resident of the state should have access to safe sanitation and at least 30 litres of potable
water, every day, within a distance of 250metres; and the State Government shall progressively
take steps to guarantee this provision.

6.7. Provision of safe water and sanitation facilities will be made mandatory for all public
institutions including but not limited to hospitals, offices and schools; as well as in Private
institutions employing more than 10 persons.

6.8. It shall be the responsibility of the State and Local Governments to provide Water and
Sanitation facilities in public Secondary schools and primary schools respectively.

48
6.9 All Private primary, secondary and tertiary institutions in the State are required to provide safe
water and gender sensitive sanitation services for their staff and pupils as a condition for the
issuance or renewal of their registration licenses.

6.10. Towards meeting the manpower requirements of WSS agencies in the state, a minimum of
5% of the annual personnel and overhead costs for water supply and sanitation agencies shall be
allocated to manpower development at each level of Government.

6.11. All private and public agencies developing Estate and New Settlements in the state are
required to develop and provide sanitation systems and wastewater management facilities as part
of the physical development of the housing schemes.

6.12. All Local Governments are required to provide lands for the construction of public
sanitation facilities, which shall be constructed either by the LGA or by the private sector through
Public Private Partnership.

6.13. All households in the state are required to build toilet facilities and keep the inside and
surroundings of their property clean and not to dispose waste in the streets, storm water drains and
public spaces. It shall be an offence not to have a toilet facility in a residence or office employing
more than 10 people.

6.14. All water connections from Public utilities will be metered and in urban centers, the Ondo
State Water Corporation will charge rates that cover its operation and maintenance costs

6.15. Vandalisation of water supply facilities is an offence punishable by law, as provided in the
Ondo State Water Corporation law .

6.16 At least, 30% of all WSS positions in the State are reserved for women.

6.17. All major Water Service providers in the State must be registered with the State Water
Regulatory Commission and ensured that water produced for public consumption have been tested
and declared safe by State Water quality agencies

6.18. Water sources shall be protected from potential source of contamination.

6.19. For on-site drinking water system, a minimum distance of 15 meters shall be kept between
the water system and potential source of contamination.

6.20. It shall be illegal for any household or Corporate body that construct a Water Supply System
within 30 meters radius a latrine or graveyard.

6.21. All water sources intended for human consumption shall comply with Nigerian Standards for
Drinking Water Quality and shall receive authorization from Ministry of Health before being
supplied to the population.

49
6.22. Drinking water supplied by ODWC, WATSAN, and other water service providers and
bodies shall comply with Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality.

6.23 All drinking water systems shall comply with construction specifications as stipulated by
Federal Ministry of Water Resources.

6.24. All materials and equipment in contact with drinking water shall comply with relevant
Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) (such as casing, drilling additive, hand pumps, fitting,
distribution pipe, and reservoir paint).

6.25. There shall be effective corrosion control of the materials constituting the treatment and
supply systems, tanks, pipes, pumps and valves.

6.26. Water quality results shall be accessible to the general public.

6.27 Individuals or firms planning to construct New Estates where public water supply is not
available should construct water supply sources that could be jointly accessed by residents. Digging
of Individual wells or boreholes in Estates is discouraged.

6.28 New buildings or extensions of old buildings should make provision for sanitary facilities
including toilets, septic tanks and soak away.

50
 CHAPTER SEVEN

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

7.0 The institutional structures for the water and sanitation sector in Ondo State are listed below:

7.1 Policy formation and Coordination Bodies.

1. Federal Ministry of Water Resources

2. Ondo State Government

3. Ministry of Water Resources Development

4. Ministry of Environment

5. Ministry of Health

6. Ministry of Education

7. Ministry of Agriculture

8. Ministry of Urban and Physical Planning

9. Ministry of Information

10. Ministry of Women Affairs

11. State Steering Committee on Water and Sanitation

12. Local Government Authorities

13. Primary Health Care Development Agency

7.2. Service Providers

1. Ondo State Water Corporation

2. Ondo State Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Agency

3. Ondo State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency

4. Benin-Owena River Basin Development Authority

5. Local Government Authorities

6. Private Water Vendors

51
7.3. Regulatory Bodies

1. Ondo State Water Regulatory Commission

2. Standard Organization of Nigeria

3. Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency

4. National Agency For food And Drug Administration and Control

5. National Oil Spill Response Agency

6. National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency

7.4 Consumers

1. Community Development Associations

2. Household /domestic consumers

3. Institutional consumers

4. Commercial Consumer

5. Industrial consumers

7.5. Support Services

1. Development partners

2. Non Governmental Organizations

3. Private Sectors

7.6.0 The roles and responsibilities of the bodies are outlined below:

7.6.1 The Federal Government of Nigeria through appropriate agencies or the WIMAG shall be
responsible for:
(a) Provision of financial resources to construct new water and sanitation schemes; or to
effect rehabilitation, expansion, refurbishing and upgrading of the existing
Waterworks to restore them to their optimum operational capacity and to meet
MDGs.
(b) Dedicate power-lines connections to the electricity facilities for Waterworks and
booster stations.

52
7.6.2 Ondo State Government shall:
(a) Finance capital requirements for water infrastructural development at all levels in the
short, medium and long term and provide funds for operation and maintenance at
urban levels in the short term.
(b) Enter into contracts with charities, International donors and Financial Institutions for
the raising of loans, bonds, grants and aids.
(c) Formulate and approve new policies and programmes to develop the sector.
(d) Approve and Implement new International and national policy instruments for the
development of the sector, such as the Water Investment Mobilization and
Application Guidelines (WIMAG)
(e) Enact relevant water and sanitation laws to implement guidelines and policies
(f) Nominate and appoint professionals to manage the state WSS agencies while
granting increased autonomy to the agencies and insulating them from politicization.
(g) Approve participation of WSS officers in relevant National and International
conferences, study tours, exchange visits, and twinning programmes with other
public utilities through Public Partnerships.

7.6.3 The Ondo State Ministry of Water Resources

shall be responsible for: Policy advice and formulation, data collection, resources and demand
surveys, monitoring, evaluation and co-ordinating of water supply development and management,
studies, research and development including the following:
(a) The Ministry shall articulate programs to achieve the provision of sufficient potable
water in the entire State and adequate sanitation for the rural areas in an affordable
and sustainable way.
(b) The Ministry shall coordinate the activities of the State Water Corporation, the
proposed Small Towns Water supply Agency; and Rural Water and Sanitation
Agency.
(c) The Ministry shall give policy advice to the State Government on water supply
activities and sanitation in rural areas on issues concerning expected levels of service
(quality and quantity) and other technical information necessary for effective
operation.
(d) Maintenance of database on water supply and sanitation facilities and performance.
(e) Mobilization of state, national and international funding and technical support.
(f) Promote and coordinate other collaborative activities by other government and non-
governmental agencies in the sector.
(g) Provide technical support and assistance to the State, Local Government Water
Supply and the Community Water supply and sanitation Boards.
(h) Creation of an enabling environment for meaningful private sector participation in
the sector and encourage Public-Public-Partnerships between Ondo State WSS

53
 agencies and other performing Water Supply Scheme agencies locally, nationally
and internationally.
(i) Assist individual agencies, and be responsible for the maintenance of the
hydrological primary network.
(j) Initiate the process for the establishment of a Management Information System in
order to enable the planning and development of sanitation; consolidation of
information and data from all line agencies; and make it freely available to the public
through data sharing (through IT) within and amongst all sanitation related
organizations.
(k) Develop in collaboration with line agencies, necessary legislation/rules/regulations
to make it possible for relevant agencies to develop plans in consultation with all
stakeholders.
(l) Encourage NGOs and CBOs who work on sanitation related issues on self-help and
provide incentives or relevant supports.

7.6.4 Ondo State Water Corporation shall be responsible for;

(a) Water service delivery in urban areas as well as maintenance of facilities
(b) Collection of water tariffs in urban areas
(c) Monitoring and evaluation of water services delivery with a view to achieving policy
targets and quality control
(d) Preparation of annual report on water services delivery and dissemination of same to
stakeholders
(e) Promote Private Sector Participation in water services delivery through Procurement
contracts, Consultancies Service and Management Contracts.
(f) Encourage Public-Public-Partnerships with well performing public utilities Locally,
Nationally and Internationally.
(g) Urban, Small Towns and Rural Water data acquisition and management
(h) Submit to the Ministry of Water resources quarterly reports of activities
(i) Propose tariffs for approval by the Water Supply Regulatory Commission
(j) Maintenance of good customer relations and feedback system.
(k) Support the implementation of a citizen’s participation System to ensure that water
and sanitation service provision reflects demands of all user groups.

7.6.5 Small Town Water Supply Agency

(a) The Agency shall be empowered to provide potable water supply to Small Towns on
continuous basis.
(b) The Agency shall be supervised by the Ministry of Water Resources and Rural
Development. Where practically possible, the Agency shall take over the existing Small
Towns Water Supply Schemes of Water Corporation.
(c)Water service delivery in small towns as well as maintenance of facilities

54
 (d) Collection of water tariffs in small towns through Water Consumers Associations
(WCAs).
(e) Monitoring and evaluation of water services delivery in areas of coverage with a
view to achieving policy targets and quality control.
(f) Preparation of annual report on water services delivery and dissemination of same to
stakeholders.
(g) Promote private sector participation in water services delivery through Procurement
Contracts, Consultancies, Service and Management Contracts. The WCAs will be
encouraged to maintain facilities except complex technologies like mini water works
or water treatment plants that they may not have the skills to manage.
(h) Encourage Public-Public-Partnerships with well performing public utilities locally,
nationally and internationally.
(i) Small Towns data acquisition and management
(j) Submit to the Ministry of Water resources quarterly reports of activities
(k) Propose tariffs for approval by the Water Supply Regulatory CommissionMaintain
good customer relations and feedback system.

7.6.6 Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency

The Sanitation Department within the Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency (ODEPA) will
be adequately strengthened so as to be able to effectively discharge the responsibility of overseeing
urban sanitation management.
(a) Develop an overall sanitation plan for all urban settlements in coordination with all
other line agencies.
(b) Construct public toilets for public use in open spaces and public buildings. Where
feasible, the toilets will be constructed by the private sector on build, operate and
transfer (BOT) basis or on government-private sector partnership basis.

7.6.7 Ministry of Environment

(a) Provide technical support for the implementation of the sanitation policy,
particularly as it relates to its environmental components
(b) Ensure siting of refuse final disposal sites in an environment friendly manner that
will ensure protection of both surface and ground water systems.
(c) Formulate policy and legislations on waste and sewage disposal and sanitation in
markets, motor parks/garages, and abattoirs.
(d) Research and develop for, deployment in the State, appropriate and affordable
sanitation technologies based on Best Available Technologies and Sustainability
(BATS).
(e) Develop strategies for the full sanitation coverage of the urban center of the State.
(f) Ensure that industrial effluents are adequately treated to a level that will not pollute
the water bodies in the State.

55
 (g) Develop strategies for the proper management of rain run offs, drainages, channels
and domestic waste.

7.6.8 Ministry of Education shall:

(a) Collaborate with Ministry of Water Resources RUWATSAN and ODSEPA on
issues of school sanitation
(b) Develop educational materials on sanitation and hygiene for public enlightenment
(c) Include Mass Literacy Programme and Adult Literacy Curriculum to include
sanitation issues.
(d) Ensure the observation of weekly Sanitation Days in Primary and Secondary Schools
in the State
7.6.9 Ministry of Information shall:
(a) Collaborate with line agencies on public enlightenment campaigns on sanitation
(b) Develop strategies for improved public awareness on the linkages between
sanitation, health and poverty. Mobilize media operators to include sanitation issues
in their entertainment programmes.
7.6.10 Ministry of Health/Primary Health Care Development Agency
(a) Collate and disseminate information on sanitation related diseases in the State
(b) Collaborate with Ministry of water Resources and other line agencies on control
vector diseases, particularly in the management control strategies.
(c) Collaborate with line agencies in capacity building for sanitation workers, both
public and private.

7.6.11 RUWATSAN
The Agency as part of its responsibilities is saddled with the following:-

(a) Responsible for water and sanitation facilities provision in the rural areas, coordinate
COWAB activities and provide technical support to Local Government WES
departments.

(b) The agency shall be supervised by the Ministry of Water Resources.

(c) Facilitate the provision of Water and Sanitation Services delivery in rural areas.
However, RUWATSAN will be increasingly discouraged from direct construction of
rural water facilities unless for emergency and critical segments of the populace.
This should be devoted to CSOs and the private sector for the delivery of WSS in
rural areas.
(d) Design, rehabilitate, improve, maintain and support the State Rural Water supply
Programme.
(e) Partner with ESAs, CSOs, Charities and Private sector for the delivery of WSS in
rural areas.

56
 (f) Liaise with Federal Government Ministries, Agencies and relevant Ministies in the
State in the design and implementation of Programmes and Projects in the area of
rural water supply, Environmental Sanitation, Hygiene Education in communities,
Schools, Maintenance and provision of rural infrastructure in Population less than
5,000 Populace.
(g) Compiling and maintaining a State-wide Inventory of Water and Environmental
Sources including condition, type of pump and source.
(h) Contributing to the eradication of water borne diseases in the rural communities.
(i) Working with External support Agencies e.g. UNICEF, EU, UNDP, DFID, Global
2000, NIGEP for surveillances on Guinea worm and eradication of other water borne
diseases through the provision of Potable Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Education
in the affected communities.
(j) Monitoring and Evaluation of WASH Programme
(k) Training of local artisans and hygiene promoter
(l) Preparation of annual report on rural water and sanitation services delivery and
dissemination of same to stakeholders.
(m) Support communities to establish Community Water and Sanitation Board
(COWSAB) for operation and maintenance of water facilities.
(n) Rural Water and Sanitation data acquisition and management.
(o) Train LGA WES Departments, Community artisans to promote household sanitation
strategies.
(p) Support Local Government Area WES Departments in the establishment of VLOM
systems
(q) Submit to the Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development quarterly report
of activities.

7.6.12 Ondo State Water Regulatory Commission shall be responsible for:

(a) Advising the State Government on water supply matters.
(b) Licensing Water Services Providers (WSPs)
(c) Provision of a framework for the regulation of Public-Private-Participation in water
supply and sanitation.
(d) Developing sector guidelines on the technical and financial management of Water
Services Providers Making regulations and prescribing all matters required or
permitted to be prescribed for carrying out its duties, including:
(i) The administration of affairs of the ODWRC, including, among other things,
the holding of meetings, hearings and proceedings, arbitration and mediation
of proceedings.
(ii) The conduct of enquires and investigations, becoming a party in the handling
of information, the rules by which evidence shall be taken, and generally the
conduct of business.

57
 (iii) The procedure for using WSP licenses.
(iv) The determination of standards for the provision of prescribed Water
Services, including Water Quality Standards.
(v) Fixing of the Tariffs that may be charged by Water Services Providers for
their Prescribed Water Services Provider.
(vi) The resource procurement policies of an entry into PPP agreements by the
Water Services Provider as may be applicable, and the review of same.
(vii) Set, approve and from time to time review standards of performance of
services in the sector.

7.6.13 Local Governments shall be responsible for:

(a) Implementation of rural water supply and sanitation programmes through the WES
units in conjunction with RUWATSAN and community development
associations/NGOs.
(b) Contribution to policy formulation.
(c) Funding of water and sanitation programmes in rural areas.
(d) Monitoring and evaluation
(e) Liaising with COSWAB
(f) Institutional capacity building
(g) Payment of tariffs to the Public Water Provider within the locality of each LGA
(h) Ensure effective implementation of the State Water and Sanitation Policy within its
jurisdiction.
(i) Carry out regular effective sanitary inspection house-to-house, restaurants, schools,
markets and other public places.
(j) Develop strategies for increased public awareness campaigns on sanitation
(k) Effectively enforce relevant sanitation laws and regulations
(l) Enact bye laws on sanitation towards management of newly emerging sanitation
challenges
(m) Establish the Local Government Water and Sanitation Technical Committee
(n) Provide adequate funding for the activities of the Local Government Water and
Sanitation Technical Committee
(o) Collaborate with relevant State Government Agencies towards effective sanitation
programmes.

7.6.14 Community Water and Sanitation Boards (COWSAB)

The major function of this board is to operate, maintain and manage water and sanitation Facilities
as provided by Government. The operation guidelines in setting up COWSAB are as follows:

(a) COWSAB will be primarily for Communities with less than 5,000 people.
(c) It shall be based on a Board of Directors elected by General Assembly of Water
users in a Community.

58
 (d) The General Assembly of water users will meet annually to elect new boards or
return as the case may be and to review the Board’s performance and operation
during the year.
(e) Members of the board shall comprise of five members from the Community, these
members are the Chairman, Vice Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer, Auditor and two
Government Officials who shall be the State/ LG Community Development and
Water Sanitations Officers from the Local Government.
(f) COWSAB will charge members of the Community what is known as user’s fee to
cover recurrent cost such as repairs and maintenance of the scheme.
(g) Members are expected to meet at least once in a month and provide a minute book.

7.6.15 Communities shall be responsible for:

(a) The management of water schemes in rural areas through COWSAB in conjunction
with Local Government, RUWATSAN and private sector.
(b) Demanding water services as part of a demand – driven approach to water service
delivery.
(c) Active participation in planning meetings.
(d) Payment of tariffs
(e) Counterpart funding as per cost sharing formula
(f) Hygiene promotion
(g) Maintenance of security of rural water schemes
(h) Local-level management and environmental protection
(i) Budget tracking and reporting for accountability and transparency.

The communities will be encouraged to maintain a safe and pleasant physical environment in their
settlement, participate in the provision of sanitation infrastructure and its management and manage
the disposal of solid waste at the neighbourhood level through community mobilization, public
consultation and media campaigns. The mobilization process will focus on the creation of women’s
neighbourhood organizations.

7.6.16 NGOs and CBOs

(a) NGOs and CBOs will be encouraged to assist communities in mobilization for
sanitation related programmes and projects and will assist the relevant Government
Agencies in the planning, funding and development of community based sanitation
infrastructure.
(b) Successful NGOs and CBOs programmes will be provided support and enabling
environment so as to help convert them into training centres for different sanitation
related stakeholders.
(c) NGOs and CBOs will be encouraged to help in the formation of Community
Sanitation Vanguards and to guide them in formulating sanitation projects.

59
7.6.17 Development Partners
The role of development partners shall include:

(a) Funding of projects for water and sanitation sector development.

(b) Capacity building

(c) Resource mobilization
(d) Advocacy
(e) Research and development and, where appropriate, facilitation of learning alliances
(f) Guidance and planning and strategy implementation and review of policy targets.

7.6.18 Private Sector:

The role of private sector shall include:

(a) Financing water infrastructure development through loans and funds

(b) Capital investment for the construction of water works, dams, waste water and
sanitation facilities.
(c) Conduct of studies for the development of the water and sanitation sector
(e) Implementation of management and services responsibilities that may be outsourced
by publicly owned water utilities through public private partnerships such as:
i. Provision of alternative sources of power supply for existing water schemes
ii. Collection of tariffs for public or private water service providers
iii. Collection and disposal of wastes
iv. Emergency water supplies using tankers or similar facilities
v. Other assignments that may be determined by Ondo State Government or her
relevant agencies.
vi. Operation and maintenance of small scale water schemes such as boreholes at
urban, small towns, local or community levels.
vii. Financing water infrastructure and sanitation development and
implementation of water and sanitation service delivery programmes in
urban, small town and rural areas.
viii. Execution of contracts in the sector, such as drilling of boreholes,
construction of dams, waste water plants and water schemes.
The private sector will be encouraged to discharge their corporate social responsibilities by
undertaking initiatives for safe and healthy physical environment in the State. They will also be
encouraged to participate in the provision of sanitation infrastructure and its management.

60
7.6.19 Individual Households
Individual Households will be encouraged to:

(a) Build latrines, keep the internal and surroundings of their property clean and not to
dispose waste in the streets, storm water drains and public spaces.

(b) They will also be encouraged to cooperate with governments, NGOs/CBOs and with
their neighbours to form community organizations that can promote sanitation
related programmes and projects.

(c) Pay rates as may be formulated and deem fit.

(d) Maintain water and sanitation facilities within their immediate environment.

7.6.20 Role of the Media

The government will encourage both Print and Electronic media to:

(a) Propagate built-in sanitation related messages in its entertainment programmes and
to develop educational programmes on sanitation and health related issues.
(b) Publish news and articles to make people aware of sanitation related issues and
motivate them to improve sanitation and hygiene practices in their houses,
neighbourhood and settlements.

7.6.21. Water Service Providers (WSPs)

(a) Drinking water supplied by ODWC and other water service providers shall comply
with Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality(NSDW).

(b) WSPs shall request an authorization from the Ministry of Health for the use of water
for human consumption or for food processing. The authorization shall be issued
when the following requirements are met:

1. Water quality comply with allowable limits

2. Construction requirements and water treatments are met

3. Minimum safe distance is observed around water points.

(c) Operate and maintain water facilities in order to provide drinking

water complying with standards. An internal routine water quality
control shall be conducted and water providers shall be equipped
with minimum laboratory facilities to carry out routine water quality
control. Results of internal routine water quality control shall be made
available to Ministry of Water Resources and to Drinking Water Quality
Surveillance inspectors.

61
 (d) Establish and implement a Water Safety Plan that includes all
measures undertaken to achieve NSDWQ

(e) Facilitate the access of all water facilities to Drinking Water Quality
Surveillance inspectors.

(f) Inform Ondo State Health Authorities in case of failure of water

treatment process.

(g) Provide regular update on water facilities characteristics and status to

Ministry of Water Resources and Ministry of Health.

(h) Drinking water providers shall increase the amount of residual chlorine
during epidemics or special cases according to instructions of Ministry of
Health.

(i) Table Water Associations shall ensure the water produced and offered
for sale by their members meet the Nigerian Drinking Water Quality
and their operations are registered by NAFDAC.

CHAPTER EIGHT

SUSTAINABILITY AND FINANCING ISSUES.

8.1. Sources of funding

62
Funding for developing the water, sanitation and hygiene promotion sector in Ondo State shall
generally come from the following sources:
(a) The Federal Government of Nigeria acting through budgetary allocations and/or the
Water Investment and Mobilisation Guidelines (WIMAG) funding process for
capital projects.
(b) Ondo State Government shall remain the primary financier of Water
agencies/institutions, particularly to manage its water schemes and towards
achieving this, shall ensure adequate provision of funds for water supply and
sanitation projects.
(c) In addition, the state govt. shall remain co-financier of sanitation projects and
hygiene promotion activities.
(d) Local Governments in Ondo state.
(e) Formal users, such as households, and businesses.
(f) Informal suppliers, such as water vendors operating boreholes.
(g) Private companies, either local or foreign.
(h) Non-governmental organizations raising funds from voluntary private
contributions or grants from international agencies.
(i) Benefiting communities.
(j) Local banks and other financial institutions, offering short-term or medium-term
loans at market rates.
(k) International Financial Institutions such as the World Bank
(l) International aid from multilateral, bilateral sources, or external
support agencies available as loans on concessional terms or grants
(m) Environmental sanitation and water revolving funds that may be launched by the
State government.

8.2. Funding of Capital projects

Funding for capital projects shall be from Government with support from non governmental
sources.
(a) Governmental sources: The three tiers of Government –Federal, State, and Local
shall finance water and sanitation projects in line with the costs sharing formula
stated in the NWSP.

63
 Cost Sharing for Capital Investment by Govt. agencies
Agency Rural Water Small Town Urban Water
Sanitation Water Sanitation
Sanitation
Federal 50% 50% 30%
Govt
State Govt. 25% 30% 60%
Local Govt. 20% 15% 10%
Community 5% 5% Nil

B. Non Governmental sources: The ODWC and other water and sanitation agencies of the state if need be
could seek financial assistance from external lending institutions and donor agencies in line with
the cost sharing formula below:

Cost Sharing for Capital Investment from External support Agencies

Agency Rural Water Small Town Urban Water
sanitation water sanitation
sanitation
ESA 47.5% 47.5% 47.5%
Fed 47.5% 47.5% 47.5%
Govt/State
Govt./LGAs
Community 5% 5% 5%

Cost Distribution for Operation and Maintenance

8.3 Sustainable Cost Recovery.

The Ondo State Government shall adopt a policy of sustainable cost recovery, rather than full cost
recovery, for the financing of its publicly owned water and sanitation agencies, implying that the
Ondo State Water Corporation, the Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency, and the Small
Towns Water Supply Agency would aim for revenue sufficient to cover their recurrent costs
(operating and maintenance) and they should develop sustainable long-term cost recovery policies,

64
anticipating all future cash flow needs. Sustainable cost recovery includes operating and
maintenance cost.

Funding for capital projects of the public water works and sanitation agencies shall be the sole
responsibility of the governments (Federal, State, and Local Govt, in the short term) and in the long
term, the public owned water works and sanitation agencies shall fund expansion and new
construction through internally generally revenues coupled with financing from the Private sector.

8.4. Water supply Tariff policy

(a) All water connections shall be metered starting with Industrial and commercial
consumers to communal outlets down to domestic consumers.
(b) Tariff policy shall ensure that the time for the return on investment provides
adequate comfort for the consumers.
(c) Tariff policy shall protect the consumer from bearing the additional cost of
the inefficiency of the water supply undertaking.
(d) Tariff should be structured according to the population densities to favour the poor
(e) Tariffs of the Publicly owned water service providers in the State shall in the
minimum, cover the cost of production ( including operation and maintenance)
(f) Water Tariffs shall be determined by the Ondo State Water Regulatory Agency.
(g) All Water Service Providers, whether Public or Private are required to extensive
public consultations in form of Stakeholders Public hearings in at least one location
in each of the senatorial zones in the State before fixing new water tariffs, which
should be approved by the Ondo State Water Regulatory Agency.
(h) Public and private water services providers in the State shall for the purpose of
fixing tariffs take into consideration, the cost of production which shall at all times
be determined and published every six months for public information through
newsletter bulletins and press releases.
8.5. Subsidies and free basic water
(a) The Tariff policy under the Ondo State Water and Sanitation Policy shall guarantee
cross subsidy to accommodate water supply to meet the basic human needs for the
poor.
8.5.1 Subsidies
Water subsidies when considered necessary, should be affordable to Government that is
providing them, targeted to the groups intended to benefit, (designed and) transparently
administered with the involvement of the intended beneficiaries.
8.5.2. Free Basic water
The following bodies shall be considered for a specific cubic meter of improved water as
free basic water, as would be determined through metering by Ondo State Water Regulatory
body. Any other improved water consumed, above the free basic water shall be
appropriately paid for-

65
 i. Orphanages
ii. Social Homes for the Aged/senior citizens
iii. Emergency Relief Centres
iv. Care and Support homes of People living with AIDs, and other vulnerable groups.
v. Offices of Associations of the physically challenged.
vi. Privately or publicly owned Kindergartens and Nurseries of pupils Aged 1-12

8.6. Sanitation Tariff policy

Tariffs charged by the ODSEPA shall in the minimum, cover the cost of production (including
operation and maintenance), and shall be determined by the Board of the ODSEPA.

8.7 Gender issues

To achieve Gender mainstreaming in the water and sanitation sector at all levels, the Ondo State
government would take care of all interest groups (men, women, youths, the aged and the
physically challenged) by implementing the following programme of actions:

(a) The Ondo State Government shall train and retrain all relevant staff in all the
agencies of government that are charged with water and sanitation issues and
community committees on mainstreaming gender in water and sanitation projects.
(b) Capacity building programmes on gender mainstreaming in organizations,
community projects and general administration should be handled by implementing
partners such as donor agencies, NGO’s, Civil society organizations and CBO’s
(c) Membership and leadership positions of WASHCOMS shall be equitably spread
among the various interest groups.
(d) Capacity building programmes should be provided for all interest groups,
particularly for such involving women, youths, and the physically challenged. The
trainings should be tailored to fit time constraints and operational needs of those
involved. In particular, the Ondo State Government shall ensure that more women
and youths are trained in project management, particularly of such technical areas
like Sanitation centres, pump and water system management, repair and maintenance
to ensure they benefit from the opportunities available in such areas. Women groups
and bodies would be encouraged to send bids for Water and sanitation contracts,
particularly in male dominated areas such as drilling.
(e) Programme design in Ondo state would incorporate careful review of project’s
benefits and opportunities available to women. Planning would articulate possible
negative impact of project thereby seeking out ways of mitigating the negative
effects. Projects should also spell out benefits and opportunities available to women.
(f) Provision of software or hardware and other equipment for water and sanitation
agencies or implementing partners would be gender sensitive in Ondo state

66
 (g) The Ondo state Government would invest in community sensitization and
enlightenment on the need for greater involvement of women in the water and
sanitation projects.

CHAPTER NINE
CONCLUSION

67
This water and sanitation policy document is in consonance with current thinking of the State
government and the various stakeholder groups to whom its development has been exposed. Unlike
in most states and countries, the policy is actually demand driven and very participatory. It has also
borrowed extensively from the National water and Sanitation policy, while benefiting from the
trends in the water sector reforms in Nigeria, other countries and developments of the past fifteen
years at the international level. It is also in line with many of the fundamentals of NEEDS and
SEEDS. Nevertheless, the policy belongs to Ondo State and its citizens.

The policy needs to be further exposed to the principal stakeholders in order that the final product
might reflect the thinking of the stakeholders in the water sector and other sectors that are related or
impacted by water supply. It also needs to reflect the thinking of the politicians, as the policy is a
statement of government as to how it wants to manage the water supply sector. Further participatory
validation activities are thus expected to provide inputs to the policy from a wider range of
stakeholders.

The achievement of the goals set out in this policy is not the job of the Government, however. It is
the job of all segments of the Ondo State society, particularly the thousands of communities for
whom the elements of the policy represent the hope of a better life. Policy is dynamic. It is created
to serve the people and we must continually be reassessing it to ensure that it is performing its role.

The Ondo State Water and Sanitation Policy is still in its draft, and it is envisaged that all
stakeholders will take advantage of the opportunities to make inputs towards producing a final copy
that will address the crisis in the water sector in the State, attributed largely to poor governance.

On its part the Ondo State Government restates its commitment in providing all necessary support
towards the preparation of a final State policy on water and sanitation that is locally driven and
locally owned. This will thereafter be translated into programmatic action through the development
of a strategic framework of implementing the water and sanitation policy.

The implementation of the statements contained in this policy will no doubt require some legislative
reviews especially of the draft Ondo State Water Corporation law, and the edicts that set up the
Ondo State Environmental Protection Agency, and possibly of the RUWESA. A new law also
needs to be enacted to create the Ondo State Water Regulatory Agency; generally adopting features
of the WIMAG in the process. The Executive and Legislative arms of Ondo State Government are
aware of these legal implications and the Ondo State House of Assembly Committee on public
utilities and transport is committed to rising up to this challenge.

68