Building Plumbing Systems
Prepared By
UTW-10/Mechanical Team
2018
Swimming Pools
Swimming Pool
Type Of Swimming Pool
Swimming Pool Plumbing Component
Swimming Pool Plumbing Design
Type of Swimming Pool
1- Public Pool
2- Private Pool
1- Public Pool
A- Public Pool B- Diving Pool C- Olympic Pool
2- Private Pool
Swimming Pool Component
1. Circulating Pump
2. Filtration Unit
3. Disinfections Techniques
4. Water Heater
5. Water Feed Unit
6. Water Suction Unit
7. Excess water system
A. Overflow System
B. Skimmer System
8. Balance Tank
9. Vacuum System
10. Decorative Lighting System
1. Circulating Pump
2. Filtration Unit
Filter
Sand filter (Up to 40 m/hr).
Multimedia sand filter (Dual Media) with high side shell.
(Used for public pools with high turbidity level).
High speed filtration may go up to 50m/hr.
Backwash rate 30 to 40 m/hr.
Purpose of filter is to reduce turbidity in the water.
3. Disinfections Techniques
Disinfections Techniques
1. Chlorine (Powder, liquid, or gas form). Dosing pump or gas chlorinator can be used to
dispense chlorine chemical into the pool
2. Bromine (Same way as chlorine could be used to inject it ).
3. Ozone generator (Oxygen is transformed to ozone upon passing through the arc
chamber or ultraviolet lamp (Corona tube type or UV type) (Limitation of TDS ≤ 700
ppm)
4. Ionizer (Copper-ions in water will inhabit algae growth, while silver ions kill bacteria
and viruses. DC in mA current is used to produce metal ions from the copper and silver
electrodes).
5. The target of the above mentioned chemicals and disinfections techniques offers high
standards of health and hygiene for the pool water to be safely used by swimmers.
4. Water Heater
5. Water Feed Unit
Wall Inlet Floor Inlet
6. Water Suction Unit
7. Excess Water System
A. Overflow System
It is the newest type by far. Also due to imperfection of water
circulation through the pool volume in the gutter type, this overflow
design is introduced.
It has the same overflow channel all around the pool periphery
(Different shape), but it draws water only from compensation tank
and send it back to pool through floor inlets only.
It has no free board. It is favored by architects due to the zero water
level with respect to pool shoulders or deck.
A plastic grid is used to capture any floating object.
B. Skimmer System
Closed circuit filtration process is being used through the
three types.
This type is named after skimmer which skims water
surface.
This type utilizes skimmer, bottom drain, and wall inlet to
circulate the water.
A free board is left for the variation of water level where
water is about half to 2/3 of the skimmer opening.
Water is being drawn or sucked from skimmers at certain
location in pool and also from main drain pool deepest
point and then returned to pool through wall inlets
8. Balance Tank
9. Vacuum System
10. Decorative Lighting Fixture
Pool Design
Pool Design
1. Design Parameters
Selection of pool type.
- Skimmer or overflow type.
* Data about the pool:
1. Shape
2. Volume
3. Height above sea level (Concern about heating capacity)
4. Machine room & compensation tank location and size.
5. Special water features required.( No edge side or adjacent cascade or fountain).
6. Any restriction or constraint regarding such as no edge side, civil Info (Beams,
columns, steel rod grid too tight, room for pipes passage).
2.Requirements
Machine room enough area, accessible & safe & level to be lower than pool
…). deepest point (Avoid dangerous access with safety if roof pool or valley side, etc
Take care about huge and heavy filters.
Compensation tank size and access trap (Modification to smaller + auxiliary tank for
Recommendation to backwash may be a solution when not enough space is available).
machine room (Check tank have it leveled with pool water level & bottom same as
design).
Power supply, drainage facility (Gravity or sump pit pump for backwash), also propose
solution to reuse for irrigation at end of season if no ice. Ventilation, lighting, floor drain, and
control lines.
Access door and access passage to enter & remove equipment. (Especially big filters for
future maintenance).
Water supply (Fill pool within 10-15hrs) ,hot water lines supply (One day for heat up) &
control of it. (3 days cycle empty +fill + filtration) (Fresh water supply when sea water is
used.)
Overflow channel detail or skimmer detail to be considered with civil & architectural
design and their apparent parts.
U.P.V.C. pipes are used (Withstands chemicals & even sea water) (Higher standards like
PPR may be requested) – Avoid using galvanized piping.
3.Pool Calculation & Equipment Selection
* Basic Equipment:
Circulating pump.
Filter.
Balance tank.
Heat exchanger
Dosing Chlorine pump
Main drain selection & Drain Pipe Network Sizing
Water Inlet selection & Water Pipe Network Sizing
Skimmer Selection & Distribution
Overflow gutters Selection & Distribution
Vacuum Distribution
* Sizing of equipment
Circulating pump as per turn-over Period.
Filter as per Circulating Pump Flow Rate.
Balance tank as per (water displacement by bathers & evaporation rate).
Heat exchanger as per (flow rate & temperature difference)
Dosing Chlorine pump as per flow rate
Main drain selection & Drain Pipe Network Sizing as per maximum velocity at the face of drain
outlet=0.5m/s & 1.5m/s in drain pipes
Water Inlet selection & Water Pipe Network Sizing as per maximum velocity at the face of water
inlet=0.5m/s & 2m/s in water pipes
Skimmer Selection & Distribution as per pool volume
Overflow gutters Selection & Distribution as per no. of bathers
Vacuum Distribution as per pool area
Pool Turn Over
It is meant by this term the time during which the whole pool volume is circulated through
the filtration system. i.e. If pool volume is 100 m3 , and turn-over is 5 hours, then filtration
flow rate = 100m3/ 5hr = 20m3/ hr.
As a good practice 4 full turn-over should be performed daily with public pools.
Hence : Filter m3/hr = Pool volume m3 / turn- over in hr.
As a general turn over guide.
3.Pool Calculation & Equipment Selection
The following sheet is an application on the procedures that shall be adopted to reach a
proper equipment selection and suitable design.
Any further Questions !!
COURSE REFERENCES
