True or False o c.

Niemann-Pick Disease
1. Sphingomyelin is the only phospholipid not o d. Obstructive biliary disease
derived from glycerol but from sphingosine. 4. Triglycerides in plasma cause a milky
2. Cholesterol serves as a fuel source for the appearance in the serum. This is known as:
body. o a. Lipemia
3. Lecithin makes up 70% of the phospholipids o b. Hyperlipidemia
in the body. o c. Hypercholesterolemia
4. Triglycerides consist of two fatty acids and o d. Lipolysis
phosphorylated glycerol. 5. Which of the following apolipoproteins is a
5. Apolipoprotein C-II functions as an LPL ligand for LDL receptors?
inhibitor. o a. Apo-A1
6. Niemann-Pick Disease is caused by the o b. Apo-B100
accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and o c. Apo-CIII
spleen. o d. Apo-E
7. The desirable cholesterol level for an
Enumeration
individual is less than 200mg/dL.
1. Enumerate the functions of phospholipids.
Identification
2. List the major forms of phospholipids and
1. What lipid is found in RBC membranes and
their percentages.
nerve sheaths and is associated with
3. Enumerate the forms of cholesterol.
Niemann-Pick disease?
4. Name the three forms of fatty acids based
2. Which enzyme esterifies cholesterol by
on chain length.
transferring fatty acids from lecithin to
5. List the major lipoproteins and their
cholesterol?
functions.
3. Which major lipoprotein is responsible for
transporting endogenous triglycerides?
6.  Which of the following is a major
4. Name the lipid storage disease caused by phospholipid present in the body at 70%?
the accumulation of sphingomyelin. a. Cephalin
5. Which method is used by the CDC to b. Lecithin
measure total cholesterol? c. Sphingomyelin
Multiple Choice d. Cholesterol
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of
cholesterol? 7.  Which of the following is the only
o a. Assembly of membrane and bile phospholipid not derived from glycerol but
from sphingosine?
acids
a. Lecithin
o b. Fuel for the body b. Cephalin
o c. Precursor of steroids c. Sphingomyelin
o d. Evaluates the risk of d. Triglyceride
atherosclerosis
2. What percentage of cholesterol in plasma is 8.  Niemann-Pick Disease is caused by the
in its esterified form? accumulation of which substance?
a. Cholesterol
o a. 10%
b. Lecithin
o b. 30% c. Sphingomyelin
o c. 50% d. Fatty acids
o d. 70%
3. What condition is associated with "floating 9.  Which form of cholesterol constitutes
beta lipoprotein"? 70% of plasma cholesterol?
o a. LCAT deficiency a. Free cholesterol
b. Cholesterol ester
o b. Type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia
 c. HDL cholesterol 2. What is the main structural component of
d. LDL cholesterol surfactant in the lungs?
a. Lecithin
10.  Which enzyme is responsible for b. Cholesterol
catalyzing the esterification of cholesterol? c. Sphingomyelin
a. Hepatic Lipase
d. Cephalin
b. LCAT
c. LDL-R 3. Sphingomyelin is seen in which of the
d. LPL following structures?
a. RBC membrane and nerve sheath
11.  What is the function of triglycerides in b. Liver and pancreas
the body? c. Bone marrow and cartilage
a. Transport of cholesterol d. Skin and muscles
b. Main storage form of lipids 4. Which of the following forms of
c. Precursor to bile acids phospholipid accounts for 20% of the total?
d. Blood coagulation
a. Lecithin
b. Sphingomyelin
12.  What is the reference method used by the
CDC to measure total cholesterol? c. Cephalin
a. Modified Abell-Kendall d. Cholesterol ester
b. Modified Van Handel and Zilversmith 5. Niemann-Pick Disease is a lipid storage
c. LCAT method disorder that involves accumulation in
d. Fasting blood test which organs?
a. Heart and lungs
13.  Which apolipoprotein functions as an b. Kidneys and intestines
LDL receptor ligand? c. Liver and spleen
a. Apo-A1
d. Pancreas and gallbladder
b. Apo-B100
c. Apo-CIII 6. What is the molecular composition of
d. Apo-E triglycerides?
a. 3 fatty acids + glycerol
14.  In terms of lipid metabolism, which of b. 2 fatty acids + glucose
the following is required to remove c. 1 fatty acid + 2 glucose molecules
chylomicrons (CM) from the blood? d. 3 cholesterol molecules +
a. Fasting for 2 hours phosphoglycerol
b. Fasting for 8 hours 7. Which of the following is the most
c. Fasting for 12-14 hours
hydrophobic lipid?
d. Fasting for 24 hours
a. Phospholipids
15.  Which of the following is a risk for b. Cholesterol
coronary heart disease if its fasting level is ≥ c. Triglycerides
200mg/dL? d. Apolipoproteins
a. Cholesterol 8. The method used by the CDC for measuring
b. Triglycerides triglycerides is called:
c. Sphingomyelin a. Modified Abell-Kendall
d. Free fatty acids
b. Modified Van Handel and Zilversmith
Multiple Choice Quiz
c. LCAT method
1. Which of the following is a function of
d. LDL-R method
phospholipids?
9. Which of the following statements is true
a. Blood glucose regulation
regarding cholesterol?
b. Blood coagulation
a. It serves as a fuel source for energy
c. Oxygen transport
b. It is a precursor of bile acids and steroids
d. Protein synthesis
c. It is made up of proteins and
 carbohydrates 18. Triglyceride levels are increased if the
d. It is synthesized in muscle tissue patient is in what position before sampling?
10. The desirable cholesterol level according to a. Supine
the CDC reference method is: b. Upright
a. Less than 150mg/dL c. Prone
b. Less than 200mg/dL d. Sitting
c. Between 240-300mg/dL 19. The most common storage form of energy
d. Between 200-239mg/dL in the body is:
11. What percentage of plasma cholesterol is in a. Cholesterol
its free form? b. Triglycerides
a. 10% c. Fatty acids
b. 20% d. Phospholipids
c. 30% 20. Which of the following functions as the
d. 40% main lipid transporter to the liver?
12. Cholesterol ester is esterified by which a. HDL
enzyme? b. LDL
a. Hepatic lipase c. VLDL
b. LCAT d. Chylomicrons
c. LDL-R 21. Which of the following lipoproteins is
d. LPL considered atherogenic?
13. Free cholesterol is primarily found in: a. HDL
a. Plasma and RBC b. VLDL
b. Muscle tissue and liver c. LDL
c. Intestinal cells d. Chylomicrons
d. Bone marrow 22. What type of lipoprotein is known as
14. Which form of cholesterol is bound to fatty "cardioprotective"?
acids? a. HDL
a. Cholesterol ester b. LDL
b. Free cholesterol c. VLDL
c. LDL cholesterol d. IDL
d. HDL cholesterol 23. Which apolipoprotein is essential for the
15. Which apolipoprotein is the activator of structural integrity of VLDL?
LCAT? a. Apo-A1
a. Apo-A1 b. Apo-B100
b. Apo-B100 c. Apo-CII
c. Apo-CIII d. Apo-E
d. Apo-E 24. Which lipoprotein has the highest content
16. The major lipid transported by chylomicrons of triglycerides?
is: a. HDL
a. Cholesterol b. LDL
b. Triglycerides c. VLDL
c. Phospholipids d. Chylomicrons
d. Free fatty acids 25. The primary role of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
17. Lipemia is caused by the presence of which is to:
lipid in serum? a. Esterify cholesterol
a. Cholesterol b. Hydrolyze triglycerides in lipoproteins
b. Triglycerides c. Transport cholesterol to tissues
c. Fatty acids d. Bind apolipoproteins to receptors
d. Sphingomyelin
26. Which lipoprotein transports cholesterol a. Niemann-Pick Disease
from tissues to the liver? b. Type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia
a. LDL c. Obstructive biliary disease
b. HDL d. Hypercholesterolemia
c. VLDL 35. LDL cholesterol is most associated with
d. IDL which of the following?
27. Which apolipoprotein serves as the ligand a. Cardioprotection
for LDL receptors? b. Atherosclerosis
a. Apo-AI c. Energy storage
b. Apo-B100 d. Phospholipid transport
c. Apo-CI 36. Phospholipids are crucial in:
d. Apo-E a. Oxygen transport
28. Fasting for 12-14 hours is recommended for b. Surfactant production
accurate measurement of: c. Fatty acid storage
a. HDL cholesterol d. Glucose metabolism
b. Total cholesterol 37. The majority of plasma cholesterol is found
c. Triglycerides in the form of:
d. Phospholipids a. Free cholesterol
29. Triglycerides require which method for b. Cholesterol ester
measurement? c. Triglycerides
a. Modified Van Handel and Zilversmith d. Phospholipids
b. Modified Abell-Kendall 38. Short-chain fatty acids contain how many
c. LCAT method carbon atoms?
d. Fasted serum sample a. 4-6
30. What is the composition of fatty acids? b. 8-10
a. Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen c. 12-14
b. Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus d. More than 14
c. Carbon, sulfur, hydrogen 39. The precursor of steroids such as progestin,
d. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen glucocorticoids, and androgens is:
31. Apolipoprotein B-48 is found primarily in a. Cholesterol
which lipoprotein? b. Lecithin
a. HDL c. Triglycerides
b. LDL d. Fatty acids
c. Chylomicrons 40. The major function of Apolipoprotein A-I is
d. VLDL to:
32. A significant increase in Lp(a) is associated a. Inhibit lipoprotein lipase
with: b. Activate LCAT
a. Coronary heart disease c. Bind to LDL receptors
b. Hyperlipidemia d. Hydrolyze triglycerides
c. Diabetes mellitus 41. Which apolipoprotein inhibits lipoprotein
d. Liver cirrhosis lipase (LPL)?
33. The term “sinking pre-beta lipoprotein” a. Apo-CII
refers to: b. Apo-AI
a. LDL c. Apo-CIII
b. HDL d. Apo-E
c. Lp(a) 42. Apolipoprotein E is important for:
d. IDL a. Transporting triglycerides to tissues
34. Which of the following diseases is linked to b. Recognition of chylomicron remnants by
a deficiency of LCAT? hepatic receptors
 c. Scavenging excess cholesterol c. Phospholipids
d. Esterifying cholesterol d. Fatty acids
43. Which of the following lipoproteins is True or False
considered the "scavenger" of excess 1. Fatty acids are primarily bound to
cholesterol? hemoglobin in the blood.
a. LDL 2. Lecithin makes up 70% of the total
b. HDL phospholipid content in the body.
c. VLDL 3. Cholesterol is found only in plasma, not in
d. IDL red blood cells.
44. Cephalin constitutes what percentage of 4. Triglycerides are the main storage form of
total phospholipids? lipids in the body.
a. 10% 5. LCAT catalyzes the esterification of
b. 20% cholesterol.
c. 30% True or False
d. 50% 1. Fatty acids are primarily bound to
45. Which lipoprotein is associated with a hemoglobin in the blood.
floating creamy layer in plasma? 2. Lecithin makes up 70% of the total
a. VLDL phospholipid content in the body.
b. LDL 3. Cholesterol is found only in plasma, not in
c. Chylomicrons red blood cells.
d. HDL 4. Triglycerides are the main storage form of
46. Beta-VLDL is associated with which lipids in the body.
condition? 5. LCAT catalyzes the esterification of
a. Hypercholesterolemia cholesterol.
b. Dysbetalipoproteinemia Identification
c. LCAT deficiency 1. What is the condition caused by LCAT
d. Hepatic lipase deficiency deficiency, involving phospholipid and
47. Phospholipids in HDL are hydrolyzed by unesterified cholesterol with Apo-C and
which enzyme? albumin?
a. LDL-R 2. Name the lipoprotein known for its
b. Hepatic lipase cardioprotective effect that scavenges
c. Lipoprotein lipase excess cholesterol.
d. LCAT
48. Type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia is also known
as:
a. Dysbetalipoproteinemia
b. Hypercholesterolemia
c. Niemann-Pick Disease
d. LCAT deficiency
49. Which of the following increases by 2
mg/dL/year between the ages of 50-60
years old?
a. Triglycerides
b. Cholesterol
c. Phospholipids
d. Apolipoproteins
50. The primary lipid component in VLDL is:
a. Triglycerides
b. Cholesterol
 20. What is the desirable cholesterol level in mg/dL?
21. What is the borderline high cholesterol level
range in mg/dL?
22. What is considered a high cholesterol level in
mg/dL?
23. What is the primary component of triglycerides?
24. What is the main role of triglycerides in the
body?
25. What is the impact of triglycerides on serum
appearance?
26. What is the recommended fasting period for
Identification Quiz triglyceride measurement?
1. What is the reference range for phospholipids in 27. How does body position affect triglyceride
mg/dL? levels?
2. Which organ is primarily responsible for the 28. What condition is indicated by fasting
production of phospholipids? triglycerides ≥ 200 mg/dL?
3. What are the two main components of 29. What is the CDC reference method for
phospholipids? measuring triglycerides?
4. What phospholipid is associated with altering 30. What are the normal ranges for fatty acids in
fluid tension? mg/dL?
5. What role do phospholipids play in blood 31. What is the primary role of fatty acids in the
coagulation? body?
6. Which phospholipid accounts for 70% of the 32. To what are most fatty acids bound in the blood?
total phospholipid content? 33. What are the classifications of fatty acids based
7. What is the percentage of sphingomyelin in total on chain length?
phospholipids? 34. What distinguishes saturated fatty acids from
8. Which phospholipid is derived from unsaturated fatty acids?
sphingosine? 35. What is the function of apolipoproteins in the
9. What disease is associated with sphingomyelin body?
accumulation? 36. What is the primary function of Apo-AI?
10. What is the full name of the disease caused by 37. What is the normal range for Apo-AI in mg/dL?
sphingomyelin accumulation in the liver and 38. What is the role of Apo-C in lipoprotein
spleen? metabolism?
11. What is the chemical name for cholesterol? 39. What type of lipoprotein is known to be
12. What is the primary function of cholesterol in associated with cardiovascular risk?
the body? 40. What is the primary function of VLDL in the
13. Where is cholesterol predominantly found? body?
14. Does cholesterol serve as a fuel source in the 41. What type of lipoprotein is known for its
body? cardioprotective effects?
15. What role does cholesterol play in the formation 42. What is the role of LDL in cholesterol transport?
of bile acids? 43. What does a high level of LDL indicate?
16. What test is cholesterol used to evaluate the risk 44. What condition is associated with the presence
of? of Lp(a)?
17. What percentage of cholesterol is found in its 45. What is the condition called that involves a
esterified form? deficiency of LCAT?
18. What enzyme is responsible for esterifying 46. What is the primary role of hepatic lipase?
cholesterol? 47. What is the relationship between VLDL and IDL?
19. What type of cholesterol is found in plasma, 48. What condition is characterized by high
serum, and RBC? cholesterol and lower density of lipoproteins?
49. What does the term "chylomicron" refer to? 78. What are the health risks associated with high
50. What is the main lipid component of levels of LDL?
chylomicrons? 79. What is the function of Apo-E?
51. What enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 80. What does the term "dysbetalipoproteinemia"
triglycerides in lipoproteins? refer to?
52. What condition is indicated by elevated levels of 81. What is the role of albumin in fatty acid
apolipoprotein B-100? transport?
53. What lipoprotein is known for transporting 82. What type of lipid is primarily found in cellular
dietary lipids? membranes?
54. Which lipoprotein has the lowest density? 83. What is the impact of lifestyle changes on
55. What is the clinical significance of measuring cholesterol levels?
triglyceride levels? 84. What lipid is known for its role in cell signaling?
56. What is the role of lipoprotein lipase (LPL)? 85. What is the significance of phospholipids in
57. What type of lipoprotein is classified as a membrane structure?
remnant? 86. What does the presence of triglycerides in
58. What role does LCAT play in lipid metabolism? serum indicate?
59. What is the significance of monitoring HDL 87. What is the normal range for HDL cholesterol in
levels? mg/dL?
60. What is the impact of age on cholesterol levels? 88. What is the consequence of LCAT deficiency on
61. What does a non-fasting blood specimen lipid metabolism?
indicate in cholesterol measurement? 89. What type of fatty acids are considered
62. What is the significance of free cholesterol in the essential?
body? 90. What does the term "lipemic" refer to in serum
63. What are the two forms of cholesterol? analysis?
64. What does the presence of HDL indicate in 91. What condition is characterized by excessive
terms of heart health? lipid accumulation in the liver?
65. What lipid is known to provide excellent 92. What is the primary purpose of measuring
insulation in the body? lipoproteins in clinical practice?
66. What happens to triglyceride levels when a 93. What is the function of cholesteryl esters in the
person is upright versus supine? body?
67. What percentage of VLDL is made up of 94. What is the impact of high triglycerides on
triglycerides? cardiovascular health?
68. What is the relationship between cholesterol 95. What type of apolipoprotein is found in
levels and atherosclerosis? chylomicrons?
69. What type of fatty acids are primarily found in 96. What is the primary role of dietary fats in the
phospholipids? body?
70. What is the primary source of fatty acids in the 97. What is the definition of hyperlipoproteinemia?
diet? 98. What does the term "metabolic syndrome" refer
71. What type of cholesterol is found in HDL? to?
72. What lipid disorder is associated with elevated 99. What is the significance of monitoring lipid
triglyceride levels? levels in diabetic patients?
73. What is the primary role of LDL-R in lipid 100.What is the relationship between cholesterol
metabolism? and inflammation in cardiovascular disease?
74. What does a high level of triglycerides indicate
in a metabolic context?
75. What does the term "atherogenic" refer to?
76. What condition is characterized by the
accumulation of lipoproteins in tissues?
77. What type of fatty acid has no double bonds?