Mode of Examples of PREVENTIVE
transmission diseases MEASURES
I – DIRECT
1. Contact Hand, foot and Adopt proper isolation for
transmission mouth disease, the sick.
No human contact.
(Kissing)
Acute conjunctivitis, Keep both hands clean and
perform hand hygiene
properly.
(handshakes
with a sick Scabies
person)
Clean and disinfect
properly the items used by
patients.
Head lice
Do not share towels and
(sleeping other personal items.
with
someone
with lice)
Wear gloves when making
contact with patients.
Chickenpox
2. Food- Viral gastroenteritis, Ensure all food is
borne/ adequately cooked
water- especially high risk food
borne like shellfish.
transmission
Perform hand hygiene
Food poisoning, before meals
and after going to the
toilet.
Cholera,
Bacillary dysentery, Handle vomitus and
Hepatitis A, excreta properly.
Sick food handlers should
Hepatitis E refrain from
work and seek medical
advice early.
3. Vector- Dengue fever, Maintain environmental
borne hygiene to
transmission prevent breeding of insects
(usually /
insects) mosquitoes, e.g. prevent
accumulation of stagnant
water.
Mosquito
bites
And
Insect bites
Malaria, Take personal protection
to prevent
insect /mosquito bites, e.g.
wear light-
coloured, long-sleeved
clothes and
trousers/pants and use
insect
Japanese repellents.
encephalitis
II –
INDIRECT
1. Droplet Influenza, Maintain good indoor
transmission ventilation
Common cold,
(Coughing) Keep both hands clean. In
Streptococcus particular,
perform hand hygiene
properly and
immediately after making
contact with
sick persons having
respiratory
secretions.
(Sneezing)
pneumoniae
infection Cover mouth and nose
when sneezing
or coughing. Use tissue
papers to
contain respiratory
secretions and
dispose them in garbage
bins with lid.
People with respiratory
infection
symptoms and their close
contact/aids
should wear surgical
masks.
Keep a distance of at least
one metre
from the sick person.
Seek medical advice
immediately if
unwell.
Adopt proper isolation for
the sick.
Use appropriate personal
protective
equipment when necessary.
2. Air-borne Pulmonary Maintain good indoor
transmission ventilation
tuberculosis,
Seek medical advice
immediately if
unwell.
Measles,
Anyone with symptoms
Chickenpox suggestive of air-borne
transmissible diseases should
not attend school.
