England Wales Scotland Northern Ireland

Capital city London Cardiff Edinburgh Belfast

flag St George's Cross white and green (St Andrew's (Ulster flag)
red cross on a with a red dragon Cross)
white background in the centre
symbol Red rose Daffodil, leek thistle Shamrock / clover
Patron saint St George (dragon) St David St Andrew St Patrick
23 April 1st March 30th November 17th March

The Republic of Ireland – a separate country, capital: Dublin, zielona wyspa – green island
1 double-decker – czerwony piętrowy autobus, piętrus w Londynie
2 the UK: 4 parts England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland; Great Britain: England, Wales and
Scotland
3 the Union Jack – UK flag
4 England primary education: compulsory 5-16 years old
5 Ben Nevis – the highest mountain in the UK and in Scotland
6 Snowdon – the highest mountain in Wales, Scafell Pike – the highest mountain in England, Slieve
Donard – the highest mountain in Nrthern Ireland
7 the Tube – London underground
8 traditional British breakfast: bacon and eggs, sausages, baked beans, butter toast, fried
mushrooms, English tea
9 Prime Minister: Rishi Sunak, Liz Truss, Boris Johnson, Teresa May, David Cameron, John Major,
Margaret Thatcher
10 UK Prime Minister lives at 10 Downing Street in London
11 UK Parliament: the House of Commons (Members of Parlaiment) and the House of Lords;
parties: Conservative Party (the Tories), Labour Party; Constitutional monarchy (no written
constitution in one document!)
12 King: Charles III became king in 2022, has 2 sons: William (the first in line to the throne) and
Harry
13 Queen Elizabeth II, daughter of King George VI, succeeded to the throne after his death in 1952,
last name Windsor from the House of Windsor, actual birthday 21st April but traditionally queens
and kings celebrate their birthday on the second Saturday in June (reigned for 70 years 1952 – 2022
was coronated in 1953, the longest reigning monarch), husband: Prince Philip – the Duke of
Edinburgh, 4 children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, Edward; Platinum Jubilee in 2022, Diamond Jubilee
in 2012; corgis – queen's preferred breed of dogs
14 Prince William (mum Princess Diana) and Kate Middleton – wife and husband, 3 children:
George, Charlotte, Luis
15 Prince Harry and Megan Markle
16 Festivals: 8 bank holidays, Halloween 31st October, Christmas Day 25th December, Boxing Day
26th December – New Year sales start and many people go shopping on that day, Hogmonay – in
Scotland New Year's Eve 31st December, Remembrance Day / Poppy Day 11th November (Cenotaph
in London is where the poppy wreath is laid on this occasion), Guy Fawkes Night 5th, November –
fireworks and bonfires to celebrate the unsuccessful plot to explode the Parliament
27 William Shakespeare – English playwright and poet, born in Stradford-upon-Avon, the Globe
Theatre in London, 'To be or not to be. That is a question.' Hamlet, other plays: Mackbeth, Otello,
Midsummer's night
28 2 main universities: Cambridge and Oxford
29 rivers: the Severn (354 km), the Thames (346 km) via London, the Great Ouse, the Wye, the
Trent, the Tyne, the Don
30 Lakes: the biggest Windermere Lake (Lake District in northern England), Loch Lomond, Loch
Ness (Nessie Monster); loch – 'jezioro' in Scottish
31 Henry VIII: 6 wives, father of Elizabeth I who became the queen of England (at the time of
Shakespeare and the great geographical discoveries in the 16th century)
32 Christmas traditional plants: holly (prickly), mistletoe (you kiss under it), poisentia
33 kilt – traditional Scottish male skirt, tartan – checked pattern
34 National hymn: God save the king / queen
35 Stonehenge – famous stone circle near Salisbury in the south of England (Wiltshire)
36 units of measurement: i mile = 1.6 km, 1 foot = 30.48 cm, 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1 pound = 0.45 kg,
1 pint = 0.47 litre,
37 Money: 1 pound = 100 pence, coins: 1 pence, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1, £2; notes: £5, £10, £20,
£50
38 Famous writers: Charles Dickens: Christmas Carol, Arthur Conan Doyle: Sherlock Holmes
39 Big Ben – a clock tower in London also named as St. Stephen's Tower until 2012 when it was
renamed as Elizabethan Tower on the occasion of Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee celebrating 60
years on teh British throne
40 Buckingham Palace – king's / queen's official resiedence in London
41 Highland games: tossing the caber
42 bagpipes – dudy (szkocki instrument muzyczny)
43 excalibur – miecz króla Artura (king Arthur and the round table, his knights)
44 fish and chips
45 British / American English
chips – French fries
crisps – chips
petrol – gas
biscuits – cookies
sweets – candies
46 Hyde Park in London – the Speaker's Corner
47 London – black taxis, New York – yellow taxis
48 Easter bunny, basket, chocolate eggs, hot cross buns
49 Trafalgar Square, Nelson's Column (Monument - pomnik), National Gallery (Van Gogh's
'Sunflowers')
50 Madame Tissaud's – wax figures – muzeum figur woskowych w Londynie
51 The Beatles from Liverpool (1960s) – John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, George
Harrison
52 haggis – Scottish traditional dish
53 the Tower Bridge, the Tower of London – Crown Jewels, Beefeaters (wardens), ravens – the
legend that London will last as long as the ravens live there
54 Robin Hood – Sherwood Forest (Nottinghamshire), the Sheriff of Nottingham
55 Sherlock Holmes – a famous detective (Dr Watson was his assistant) from Connan Doyle's story
56 Rowan Atkinson – Mr Bean – Jaś Fasola
57 Fringe – a summer music festival in Edinburgh (every year in August)
58 London Eye – the Millenium Wheel open in 2000 to celebrate the change of millenium
59 Fire of London – started at Baker's Street at a bakery in 1666
60 Mayflower ship – 1601 the first Pilgrims set off from Plymouth in the south of England to settle
down in the USA (first colonies)
61 Queen Victoria (and Prince Albert) lived 81 years – became the queen at the age of 18 (1837 –
1901) and reigned for 63 years
62 the Harrods – the famous shopping department in London where the queen did the shopping
63 1066 – the last foreign invasion – the Norman conquest (Normans from Normandy in northern
France), William the Conqueror invaded England, killed King Harold and became the king
64 pub – stands for public house
65 Traditional teatime – 5 p.m. a term for a late afternoon / evening meal
66 bowler hat – melonik, a hat worn by English gentlemen with a walking stick
67 Trooping the Colour – a ceremony in front of the Buckingham Palace, the Change of the Guards
68 Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots – the youngest British monarch – just 6-day old when she was
crowned as queen of Scotland in 1542, cousin of Elizabeth I, found quilty of plotting her
assasination, put in prison and eventually beheaded