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Infinitive and Gerund

Infinitive
After an adjective Example: The new computer is really easy to use.

After certain verbs (with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill.

• afford • expect • manage • refuse

• agree • fail • mean • want
• appear • help (also • offer • wish
• arrange without to) • plan • would like
• beg • hesitate • prepare • would love
• choose • hope • pretend • would prefer
• decide • learn • promise

Gerund

As the subject of a clause Example: Cycling is good for your health.

After a preposition Example: I did my homework before going out.

Verbs followed by Gerund Example: I enjoy cooking.

• admit • can't stand • finish • practise

• advise • deny • keep • suggest
• allow • dislike • mind • waste time
• avoid • enjoy • miss / money
• can't help • fancy • permit

Verbs with Prepositions followed by Gerund

Example: I'm looking forward to seeing you again soon.
• accuse of • blame for • dream about/of • look forward to
• agree with • care for • feel like • object to
• apologize for • carry on • forgive for • think of
• ask about • complain about • give up • succeed in
• believe in • concentrate on • insist on • use for
• be used to • depend on • keep on

Words followed either by Infinitive or Ing-Form

Words with the same meaning Example: I started to read. / I started reading.

• attempt • cannot bear • hate • prefer

• begin • cease • intend • start
• bother • continue • love
 Words with the same meaning but different use

Word Infinitive - with an object Gerund – without an object

advise I advise you to go by bus. I advise going by bus.
allow / permit He allowed her to take the car. He allowed taking the car.
forbid She forbids us to smoke. She forbids smoking.

Words with a different meaning

Word Infinitive meaning Gerund meaning

with regard to the future with regard to the past
forget / remember Remember to switch off the lights. Do you remember switching off the lights?
Spanish: Recuerda apagar las luces Spanish: ¿Recuerdas haber apagado las luces?
start something new
continue with the same action
go on Go on to read.
Go on reading.
Spanish:
with regard to the future with regard to the past
regret I regret to say that’s wrong. I regret saying that.
Spanish: Lamento decir que está mal. Spanish: Lamento haber dicho que está mal.
interrupt another action terminate
stop I stopped to smoke. I stopped smoking.
Spanish: Paré para fumar. Spanish: Paré de fumar.
do something complicated do it and see what happens
try Try to solve this riddle. Try talking to him.
Spanish: Intenta resolver este acertijo. Spanish: Prueba a hablar con él.

Gerund or Infinitive - Exercise 1

1) A lot of people are worried about _______their 6) Are you thinking of _______ London? (visit)
jobs. (lose) 7) He apologized for _______ so late. (arrive)
2) He agreed _______ a new car. (buy) 8) Stop _______ noise, please; I’m studying.
3) The question is easy _______ (answer) (make)
4) Not everybody can afford _______ to 9) She doesn't mind _______ the night shift.
university. (go) (work)
5) I look forward to _______ you at the weekend. 10) I learned ______ the bike at the age of 5.(ride)
(see)

Gerund or Infinitive - Exercise 2

1) We decided _______ a new car. (buy)
2) I regret _______ you we won’t lend you the 7) Avoid _______ silly mistakes.(make)
money. (tell) 8) My parents wanted me _______ home at 11
3) Peter gave up _______.(smoke) o'clock. (be)
4) He'd like _______ an aeroplane.(fly) 9) I dream about _______ a big house. (build)
5) I enjoy _______ picture postcards. (write) 10) He advised me _______ so much money.
6) He offered _______ help with the cleaning. (not spend)
(help)
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 1

1 Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets in the appropriate form.

1 I can't stand ________________ in queues. ( to wait )

2 I wouldn't like ________________ in his shoes. ( to be )

3 Jim loves ________________ in Thailand. ( to work )

4 I hate ________________ the shopping on Saturday. ( to do )

5 Blast! I forgot ________________ milk. ( to buy )

6 In the end we decided ________________ in. ( to stay )

7 I need ________________ some information about Portugal. ( to find )

8 My parents like ________________ for long walks at the weekend. ( to go )

9 Tony gave up ________________ years ago. ( to smoke )

10 I wanted ________________ and see Troy but no one else was interested. ( to go )

11 Mrs Leith offered ________________ us to the airport. ( to take )

12 Clare refused ________________ clean up after the party. ( to help )

13 I tried ________________ him to come but it was no use. ( to persuade )

14 Do you mind not ________________ ? ( to smoke )

15 Everybody really enjoyed ________________ the cha-cha-cha. ( to dance )

16 Lionel admitted ________________ my chocolate mousse. ( to eat )

2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs.

VERB + GERUND VERB + TO + INFINITIVE

Translation Translation
admit .......................... decide ..........................
___________ .......................... forget ..........................
enjoy .......................... ___________ ..........................
give up .......................... offer ..........................
___________ .......................... refuse ..........................
___________ .......................... try ..........................
love .......................... want ..........................
___________ .......................... would like ..........................
Gerund or Infinitive Exercise 2

1 Use the verbs in brackets to fill the gaps.

1 We arranged _____________ under the station clock at half nine. ( to meet )

2 I always try to avoid _____________ him whenever I can. ( to see )

3 I long _____________ in Scotland again. ( to be )

4 My Mum demanded _____________ the manager. ( to see )

5 My brother denied _____________ my chocolate mousse. Maybe his hamster ate it. ( to eat )

6 I tried _____________ but I just couldn't. ( to understand )

7 In the end I gave up _____________ to persuade her. ( to try )

8 Charlie was pretending _____________ a chicken. ( to be )

9 They chose _____________ in a cheap hotel but spend more money on meals. ( to stay)

10 We like Galicia so much that we keep _____________ back there. ( to go )

11 He deserves _____________ severely punished. ( to be )

12 When we visit my aunt, they expect me _____________ on my best behaviour. ( to be )

13 I didn't mean _____________ her feelings. I'm really sorry. ( to hurt )

14 I always put off _____________ my homework until the last possible moment. ( to do )

15 He goes on _____________ me the same thing over and over again. ( to tell )

16 I can't stand _____________ in the queue at the baker's. ( to wait )

17 The firemen managed _____________ the fire pretty quickly. ( to put out )

18 I never risk _____________ through that part of town. ( to go )

19 Clare offered _____________ me to the airport, which was very kind of her. ( to take )

20 Dad threatened _____________ my pocket money if I didn't do my homework. ( to stop )

2 Check your answers and put the verbs in bold into the right columns. Translate the verbs.

VERB + GERUND VERB + TO + INFINITIVE

Translation Translation
1 _____________ .......................... 1 _____________ ..........................
2 _____________ .......................... 2 _____________ ..........................
3 _____________ .......................... 3 _____________ ..........................
4 _____________ .......................... 4 _____________ ..........................
5 _____________ .......................... 5 _____________ ..........................