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State Legislature

State legislature presentation

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69 views19 pages

State Legislature

State legislature presentation

Uploaded by

sahilkhatri0453
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© © All Rights Reserved
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State Legislature The Indian State Legislature is the legislative branch of government at the state level in India. Each state has its own legislative body that is responsible for enacting laws, overseeing the state government, and. representing the interests of the people. The structure and composition of the state legislature vary across different states, reflecting the diversity and ‘unique characteristics of India's federal system. Introduction Role of the State Legislature ‘The state legislature in India plays a crucial roe in the governance of states, Its responsible for enacting laws on subjects listed in the State List and Concurrent List of the Constitution, addressing local and regional issues. The legislature also approves the state budget, overseeing financial allocations and expenditures. It provides a platform for monitoring and holding the state government accountable through questions, debates, and committee reviews. Addi constituencies are heard in the ally, it represents the interests and concerns of the public by ensuring that the voices of various. -islative process. Depending on the state, the legislature may be unicameral, consisting only of a Legislative Assembly, or bicameral, including both a Legislative Assembly and a Legislative Couneil Structure and Composition ‘The structure and composition of state legislatures in India can be unicameral or bicameral, depending on the state, Ina unicameral legislature"*, the sole house is the **Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha)*, where members are directly elected by the public fora five-year term. This Assembly handles lawmaking, budget approval, and oversight of the state government. In states with a “*bicameral legislature"*, there are two houses: the “*Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha)"*, which functions as the lower house with directly elected members serving a five-year term, and the **Legislary Council (Vidhan Parishad)", the upper house. The Legislative Council's members are elected from various constituencies and nominated by the Governor, serving.a six-year term with one-third retiring every two years, The Council reviews and suggests amendments to legislation but cannot permanently block bills. This dual structure ensures comprehensive legislative scrutiny and representation at the state level Legislative Process ‘The legislative process in a state legislature in India involves several stages to ensure thorough examination and debate of proposed laws. Initially, bills introduced either by a member ora minister, During the fist reading, the bill is presented ‘without debate. The second reading involves detailed discussion ofthe bills principles and mezits, Following this, the bills examined in detail bya committee, which may suggest amendments. At the report stage, the committees findings and proposed changes are debated. The third reading is where the final version of the bill is debated and voted on. In bicameral states, the bill then moves tothe Legislative Council for review and possible amendments. Once both houses approve the bil, it is sent tothe Governor for assent. The Governor can ether approve, withhold, or return the hill wth recommendations. If approved, the bill becomes law and is published in the state gazette. This structured process ensures that bills are carefully reviewed and debated before becoming la Article:- 169 Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states 1} Bicameral State Legislatures In nia, a bicameral state legislature consists of two houses 1 Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha}: The lower house, directly lected by the people, wi term of5 years. tis responsible for wmaking, budget approval, and holding thestate vemment accountable, 2 Legislative Council (Vidhan Pashadthe upper house, with members mostly indirectly lected and servings Gear ter Iacts a revisor body reviewing and igang amendments to legislation States with Bcameral Legislatures: Only afew states ike Andha Pradesh, Bar, Kanata, Maharashta, Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh have bicameral legislatures “Thebicameral system is designed to ensure detailed consideration of lw, though only some states maintain while others havea unicameral legislature with jst the Legislative Assembly. 2. Abolition of Legislative Councils In naa Legislative Council can be abolished ifthe state's Legiatve Assembly pases resolution with special majo, Parliament must then approve the abolition, Reasons or bolton often inci reducing costs swing legislatve dey, and ciminating what is Soon as redundant body. Some stats, ke West Bengal and Punjab, have ablished theit Councils while others debate doings Reasons for Abolition or Creation Reasons for Abolition of Legislative Councils 1. Financial Burden: Councils are costly to maintain and often seen as unnecessary expenses. 2. Legislative Delays: Councils can slow down the legislative process, obstructing the ruling party's agenda. 3. Limited Power: Their role is mostly revisory, with minimal impact on legislation. 4. Political Motives: Ruling parties may seek to eliminate opposition influence in the legislative process. Reasons for Creation of Legislative Councils 1. Checks and Balances: Councils provide an additional layer of scrutiny, preventing hasty decisions. 2. Broader Representation: They ensure diverse groups, like graduates and teachers, havea voice in legislation. 3. Political Accommodation:** Councils can help accommodate political allies and maintain stability. 4. Continuity: The staggered terms of Council members provide stability in governance. Article:- 170 Composition of the legislative assemblies Directly Hlected Members Excofficio Members Direct ected members of Legislative Assembles ina ar Legis Assembles in ni typically do nt have ex offi chosen through state cletions by elgbevotesinsngle-member ‘members. All members are usually dct elected, Hower a constituencies. They represent the people ofthe consteuencies some semble the Speaker may be consiered an ex-ffiko and servea syerterm, member of committees within the Aner. Nominated Members Legislative Atelier inn usualy do nt ve nominated members All members aredrety elected, Nominated members sremore common inthe Legilative Councils Vidhan Parishad) or ‘he Raya Saba atthe national evel, Article:- 171 Composition of legislative councils Elected Members Nominated Members Ex-officio Members ‘The majority of the members of the A portion of the Legislative Couneil Tn some states, the Chairman and Legislative Council are elected by members are nominated by the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative various electoral colleges, such as governor, typically representing Council are considered ex-officio members ofthe Legislative Assembly, specific interests or expertise, such as members ofthe legislature. local government representatives, and teachers, scientists, and artists graduates, Article:- 172 Duration of state legislature Five-Year Term Dissolution of the Assembly “The Legislative Assembly elected “The governor has the power to fora erm of Fveyears, unless

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