Major Concepts of Conservational model
● Goal of the model is to promote adaptation and maintain wholeness
using the principles of conservation
● Model guides the nurse to focus on the influences and responses at the
organismic level
● Nurse accomplishes the goal of model through the conservation of
energy, structure and personal and social integrity
Adaptation
● Every individual has a unique range of adaptive responses
● The responses will vary by heredity, age, gender or challenges of illness
experiences
● While the responses are same, the timing and manifestation of
organismic responses will be unique for each individual pulse rate.
● An ongoing process of change in which patient maintains his integrity
within the realities of environment
● Achieved through the "frugal, economic, contained and controlled use of
environmental resources by individual in his or her best interest"
Wholeness
● Exist when the interaction or constant adaptations to the environment
permits the assurance of integrity
● Promoted by use of conservation principle
Conservation
● The product of adaptation
● "Keeping together "of the life systems or the wholeness of the individual
● Achieving a balance of energy supply and demand that is with in the
unique biological realities of the individual
Nursing’s paradigm
Person
● A holistic being who constantly strives to preserve wholeness and
integrity
● A unique individual in unity and integrity, feeling, believing, thinking and
whole system of system
Environment
● Competes the wholeness of person
● Internal
○ Homeostasis
○ Homeorrhesis
● External
○ Preconceptual
○ Operational
○ Conceptual
Internal Environment
● Homeostasis
○ A state of energy sparing that also provide the necessary
baselines for a multitude of synchronized physiological and
psychological factors
○ A state of conservation
● Homeorrhesis
○ A stabilized flow rather than a static state
○ Emphasis the fluidity of change within a space-time continuum
○ Describe the pattern of adaptation, which permit the individual’s
body to sustain its well being with the vast changes which
encroach upon it from the environment
External Environment
● Preconceptual
○ Aspect of the world that individual are able to intercept
● Operational
○ Elements that may physically affects individuals but not perceived
by hem: radiation, micro-organism and pollution
● Conceptual
○ Part of person's environment including cultural patterns
characterized by spiritual existence, ideas, values, beliefs and
tradition
Person and environment
● Adaptation
● Organismic response
● Conservation
Adaptation
Characteristics
● Historicity: Adaptations are grounded in history and await the
challenges to which they respond
● Specificity: Individual responses and their adaptive pattern varies on
the base of specific genetic structure
● Redundancy: Safe and fail options available to the individual to ensure
continued adaptation
Organismic response
● A change in behavior of an individual during an attempt to adapt to the
environment
● Help individual to protect and maintain their integrity
● They co-exist
They are four types:
● 1. Flight or fight: An instantaneous response to real or imagined threat,
most primitive response
● 2. Inflammatory: response intended to provide for structural integrity
and the promotion of healing
● 3. Stress: Response developed over time and influenced by each
stressful experience encountered by person
● 4. Perceptual: Involves gathering information from the environment and
converting it in to a meaning experience
Nine models of guided assessment
● Vital’s signs
● Body movement and positioning
● Ministration of personal hygiene needs
● Pressure gradient system in nursing interventions
● Nursing determination in provision of nutritional needs
● Pressure gradient system in nursing
● Local application of heat and cold
● Administration of medicine
● Establishing an aseptic environment
Assumption
● The nurse creates an environment in which healing could occur
● A human being is more than the sum of the part
● Human being respond in a predictable way
● Human being are unique in their responses
● Human being know and appraise objects ,condition and situation
● Human being sense, reflects, reason and understand
● human being action are self determined even when emotional
● Human being are capable of prolonging reflection through such
strategists raising questions
Characteristics of theory
● The concept of illness adaptation, using interventions, and the
evaluation of nursing interventions are interrelated.
● Concepts are sequential and logical and can be used to explain the
consequences of nursing action.
● Levine’s theory is easy to use and elements are easily comprehensible.
● Levine’s idea can be tested and hypothesis can be derived from them.
● The principle of conservation are specific enough to be testable
● Levine’s idea have not yet been widely researched.
● Levine's theory has been applied in surgical settings.
● Levine’s ideas are consistent with other theories, laws and principles
particularly those from the humanities and sciences
Conservational Principle
● Conservation of energy
● Conservation of structural integrity
● Conservation of personal integrity
● Conservation of social integrity
1. Conservation of energy
● Refers to balancing energy input and output to avoid excessive fatigue
● includes adequate rest, nutrition and exercise
Example:
● Availability of adequate rest
● Maintenance of adequate nutrition
2. Conservation of structural integrity
● Refers to maintaining or restoring the structure of body preventing
physical breakdown And promoting healing
Example:
● Assist patient in ROM exercise
● Maintenance of patient’s personal hygiene
3. Conservation of personal integrity
● Recognizes the individual as one who strives for recognition, respect,
self awareness, selfhood and self determination
Example:
● Recognize and protect patient’s space needs
4. Conservation of social integrity
● An individual is recognized as some one who resides with in a family, a
community ,a religious group, an ethnic group, a political system and a
nation
Example:
● Position patient in bed to foster social interaction with other patients
● Avoid sensory deprivation
● Promote patient’s use of news paper, magazines, radio. TV
● Provide support and assistance to family
Health
● Health is a wholeness and successful adaptation
● It is not merely healing of an afflicted part ,it is return to daily activities,
selfhood and the ability of the individual to pursue once more his or her
own interest without constraints
● Disease: It is unregulated and undisciplined change and must be
stopped or death will ensue
Nursing
● "Nursing is a profession as well as an academic discipline, always
practiced and studied in concert with all of the disciplines that together
from the health sciences"
● The human interaction relying on communication ,rooted in the organic
dependency of the individual human being in his relationships with other
human beings
● Nursing involves engaging in "human interactions"
Goal of Nursing
● To promote wholeness, realizing that every individual requires a unique
and separate cluster of activities
● The individual integrity is his abiding concern and it is the nurse’s
responsibility to assist him to defend and to seek its realization.
Nursing Process
● Assessment
● Trophicognosis
● Hypothesis
● Interventions
● Evaluation
Conservational models
● Conservational model provides the basis for development of two
theories
○ Theory of redundancy
○ Theory of therapeutic intention
Theory of redundancy
● Untested, speculative theory that redefined aging and everything else
that has to do with human life
● Aging is diminished availability of redundant system necessary for
effective maintenance of physical and social well being
Theory of therapeutic intention
● Goal: To seek a way of organizing nursing interventions out of the
biological realities which the nurse has to confront
● Therapeutic regimens should support the following goals:
● Facilitate healing through natural response to disease
● Provide support for a failing auto regulatory portion of the integrated
system
● Restore individual integrity and well being
Limitation
● Nurse has the responsibility for determining the patient ability to
participate in the care, and if the perception of nurse and patient about
the patient ability to participate in care don’t match, this mismatch will be
an area of conflict.
● The major limitation is the focus on individual in an illness state and on
the dependency of patient.
Research Highlights
● A theory of health promotion for preterm infants based on conservational
model of nursing. Nursing science quarterly,2004 Jul,17 (3):The article
describes a new middle range theory of health promotion for preterm
infants based on Levine’s conservational model that can be used to
guide neonatal nursing practice.
