SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY

Debbie Ann Sarmi Tuazon | 1st Semester | A.Y

2024-2025

niya sila Tycho Brahe, Johannes

Kepler, Galileo Galilei.
INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

CHARLES DARWIN (1809-1882)

★ The historical changes in the thoughts,
beliefs and social institutions due to new
★ English scientist whose works, Origin of
ideas and principles. Species and Descent of Man (evolution of
★ Scientific Revolution - when science and species and mankind.)
technology are the center of an ○ His works suggested that humans
are natural and are subject to the
intellectual revolution.
laws of science and that humans
are not so different from other
Three intellectuals who changed the views abt organisms.
the world and humanity: ○ He also proposed that natural
○ Nicolaus Copernicus selection is the main rationale
○ Charles Darwin behind humans' existence and
○ SIgmund Freud attributes.
○ Today he is recognized as the
pioneer of the field evolutionary
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS (1473-1543) biology.

★ Polish Astronomer and Mathematician. SIGMUND FREUD (1856-1939)

Heliocentric model of the universe (sun is
the center.)
★ Austrian Neurologist and Psychoanalyst.
○ Kabaligtaran niya yung Geocentric
○ He is credited for psychoanalysis
Model ni Ptolemy and Aristotle
(scientific method to understand
wherein Earth is the center.
the mind), theory on psychosexual
development, dream interpretation
There are two reasons why it was significant:
and the id, ego, superego.
○ During the time of Copernicus,
○ He suggested that humans have
astrology (which is not a real
subconscious and unconscious
science is more important than
minds, and humans have the
astronomy.) His model suggested
tendency to be unaware of their
that the Earth is equal to other
behaviors and their emotions,
planets and they all revolve around
making them irrational.
the sun.
○ He said that dreams are connected
○ It laid the foundation for
to one’s experiences. Products of
succeeding scientists to do
revolutionary things. Successors

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 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY
Debbie Ann Sarmi Tuazon | 1st Semester | A.Y
2024-2025

the unconscious mind sya like

unfulfilled wishes, unmet needs.

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION IN ASIA

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION IN
MESO-AMERICA
INDIAN CIVILIZATION
★ Meso-America - Covers most of the
present day Central America. May mga ★ Known for steel works. Also known for
important scientific and technological Ayurveda (their system of traditional
developments na nabuo dito ng mga medicine).
Maya, Inca and Aztec Civilization.

INDONESIANS
MAYA CIVILIZATION
★ Learned to construct Candis in the 8th
★ Early studies of astronomy and century. Candis are religious structures
engineering.
with both Buddhist and Hindu heritage.
○ Paper making and their own
writing system called Maya
hieroglyphics.
JAPANESE

INCA CIVILIZATION
★ Developed the traditional kampo medicine
which had Chinese origins.
★ Known for paved roads, irrigation system
and quipo (a record system using knotted INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION IN MIDDLE
ropes). EAST AND AFRICA
○ Machu Picchu

Ibn al-Haytham
AZTEC CIVILIZATION

★ Father of Optics due his studies on light.

★ Known for mandatory education of their
children. Also known for their chinampas
(a way of farming in canals). Jabir ibn Hayyan

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 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY
Debbie Ann Sarmi Tuazon | 1st Semester | A.Y
2024-2025

★ By 1000 AD good shipbuilding tech had

★ Known for his early works in alchemy and been developed. Gumamit ng ship
metallurgy. (balangay).

★ By the 16th century, Artillery. Bows,

EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
spears and swords. Agricultural practices
such as rice farming, livestock raising and
★ It is the most advanced. Metallurgy was
fishing were also existing.
well-developed kasi yung region rich siya
sa minerals like gold, copper and iron.
★ Spaniards nagdala sa’tin ng modern tech.
○ The city of Alexandria was an
intellectual and scientific center Nag establish sila ng schools, hospitals
during the Middle Ages. and research facilities. Usually science
course lang inooffer, there are Filipino
NATION BUILDING scientists na nag training sa Europe:
○ Anacleto del Rosario
★ STS is essential here. They are needed to ○ Leon Ma. Guerrero
address problems and concerns such as ○ Trinidad Pardo de Tavera

climate change, natural disasters and

★ Medicine and Pharmacy.
epidemics. Also, to increase industrial
productivity. PHILIPPINES GREAT INVENTION

★ In the 1987 Philippine Constitution SPANISH ERA

Section 10 Article XIV it stated there that
“Science and Technology are essential for ★ Naimpluwensyahan na tayo ng kultura ng
national development and progress.” Kastila. Developments during this era:
○ Started formal learning ng Science
HISTORY IN PHILIPPINES
and Technology.
○ Schools for boys and girls and
★ They used simple stone and metal tools. introduced the idea of subjects
(mostly naka focus sa human body,
Later on they developed potteries,
plants, animals and heavenly
ceramics, weavings etc. bodies).

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 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY
Debbie Ann Sarmi Tuazon | 1st Semester | A.Y
2024-2025

○ The Catholic Orders introduced honor bestowed by the President of the

formal colleges and universities Philippines to a Filipino man/woman in
through Medicine and advanced the PH. Two of them are engineer
science. Catholic Religion agriculturist Ramon Barba and Biologist
teachings. Angel Alcala.
○ Trading system nakahelp sa pag
dala ng technology dito. 4. Small & Medium Enterprise Technology
Upgrading Program (SETUP)
★ 1905 - Bureau of Science was established.
5. Grants-In-Aid Program
★ 1906 - Philippine Journal of Science.
★ 1933 - The Philippine Legislature passed 6. Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational
an act establishing the “National Research Assessment of Hazards) - administered by
Council of the Philippines.” the University of the Philippines.

★ 1947 - Bureau of Science was replaced by

7. Philippine Space Program - gov’t is
the Institute of Science. funding the National Space Development
★ 1952 - Science Foundation of the Program. Produced three fully functional
microsatellites (Diwata 1,2 and Maya 1).
Philippines was established.
★ Main gov’t agency for Science is the
NAME INVENTED
Department of Science and Technology
(DOST). Dr. Fe del Mundo Pioneered the field of
Pediatrics. Designed
bamboo incubator
Major Development Programs nung 1941.
1. Balik Scientist Program - encourage Dr. Abelardo B. Contributed sa
Filipino Scientists to return to the PH and Aguilar discovery ng
conduct research. Isa na rito si DR. Erythromycin.
Josefino C. Comiso (NASA).
Dr. Gregorio Zara Inventor of the first
videophone
2. Balik Scientist Act Republic Act No. 11035
- signed 2028. The law will provide Dr. Angel C. Alcala Rsearch abt
assistance and incentives sa Filo rehabilitation of coral
scientists. (requirement sa UNESCO na reefs. He created the
first artificial reef
380 ang scientist per million population
used for fisheries in
pero 189 per million lang sa’tin).
Southeast Asia.

3. Presidential Decree NO. 1003-A, s 1976 - Benjamin Almeda Sr. “Father of Filipino
“Order of National Scientists” highest Inventors” (food

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 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY
Debbie Ann Sarmi Tuazon | 1st Semester | A.Y
2024-2025

processing machines)

Dr. Ramon C. Barba scientist and

horticulturist best
known for his
contribution towards
advancements in the
mango industry.

Anacleto S. Del “Father of Philippine

Rosario Science and
Laboratory”. He
invented the formula
for producing a pure
kind of alcohol from
tuba in a nipa palm

Roberto Del Rosario Developed the

Karaoke Sing Along
System (SAS).

Dr. Pedro B. Escuro Isolation of nine rice

varieties (c4)

Dr. Bienvenido O. Contributions to the

Juliano chemistry and
technology of rice
grain quality.

Dr. William G. Contribution on the

Padolina chemistry of the
coconut, medicinal
plants chemistry and
biogas production.

Francisco Chemist who invented

Quisumbing Quink ink