Xuan Loc High School

MORE EXERCISE 2
Give the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the following
sentences
1. It is the (PRONOUNCE )________of the English language that causes learners a lot of
difficulties.
2. The government decided to carry out a campaign against (LITERATE)_________
3. We enjoy our life in the town because the cost of living there is (COMPARE)
___________reasonable.
4. There is a large (VARY )___________of animal and plant species in Cuc Phuong
National Park.
5. This matter is (CONFIDENCE) ____________ You mustn’t tell anyone.
6. The judge described as a(n) (HARD) ___________ criminal that caused massive
killing.
7. We didn’t invite him to the party. Actually, he came (EXPECT)____________
8. The lecturer asked us to fill in the (QUESTION) ________________
9. We can believe what James says. He is such a(n) (DEPEND) _____________ person
10. He is one of the famous (SURGERY) __________ in Vietnam. He has saved a lot of
people from death.
11. __________ is one of the important factors that lead the firm to success.
(MANAGED)
12. I think he is the most __________ in our village. Six members in his family died in
the last flood. (FORTUNATELY)
13. Excuse me, Sir. I know it’s __________ to call you up at two A.M. But our factory is
on fire! (CONVENIENCE)
14. All those foreign visitors can speak Vietnamese very well. There will be a big
__________ to have a translator here. (USEFUL)
15.The natural disasters have __________ seriously the life of all people there.
(EFFECT)
16. Look at the doctor’s __________ carefully before you take these tablets.
(PRESCRIBE)
17. The behavior of the woman is very __________. The guard of the supermarket is
having a look on her. (SUSPECT)
18. Finally, the proposal of the students was __________ yesterday. (ADMISSION)
19. Women nowadays have more freedom to take part in social __________ (ACT)
20. The United State gained __________ from Britain in 1776. (DEPEND)
21. He boss told him off because he had behaved __________. (RESPONSIBLE)
22. The knife is very blunt. It needs __________. (SHARP)
23. He doesn’t agree with the __________ that there is life on other planets. (BELIEVE)
24. She divorced him because of his __________ to the children. (KIND)
Choose the best word A, B, C or D to fill in spaces in the following passage.
Parents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport have a difficult
decision to (1) ____ about their children’s career. Should they (2) ____their children to
train to become top sportsmen and sportswomen? For many children, it (3) _______
starting very young and school work, going out with friends and other (4)______ have
to take second place. It’s very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to
train for five hours a day, even at the weekend, when (5) ______of his or her friends
are playing.
Another problem is, of course, money. In many countries money for training is (6)
______from the government for the very best young sportsmen and women. If this help
cannot be given it means that it is the parents (7) ______have to find the time and the
money to support their child’s development – and sports clothes, transport to
competitions, special equipment can all be very expensive.
Many parents are understandably (8) ______that it is dangerous to start serious
training in a sport at an early age. Some doctors agree that young (9) ______may be
damaged by training before they are properly developed. Professional trainers,
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however, believe that it is only by starting young that you can reach the top as a
successful sports person. What is clear is that very (10) ______ people reach the top
and both parents and children should be prepared for failure even after many years of
training.
1. A. do B. plan C. make D. prepare
2. A. allow B. let C. leave D. offer
3. A. should B. means C. helps D. tries
4. A. wishes B. dreams C. satisfactions D. interests
5. A. much B. lot C. most D. deal
6. A. enough B. available C. possible D. enormous
7. A. who B. whom C. they D. which
8. A. disturbed B. concerned C. cared D. worried
9. A. bloods B. capacities C. muscles D. physics
10. A. little B. few C. large D. many
Fill in each numbered gap with ONE suitable word.
In 1973, when the tiger appeared to be facing extinction, the World Wide Fund for
Nature and the Indian Government agreed to (1) _____ up “Operation Tiger” - a
campaign to save this threatened creature. They started by creating nine special
parks so that tigers could live in (2) ______ The first was at Ranthambhore, a region
which was quickly turning into a desert (3) _____ too much of the grass was being
eaten by the local people’s cattle. At the time, there were just fourteen tigers (4) ____
there. The government had to clear twelve small villages, which meant moving nearly
1,000 people and 10,000 cattle so that the land (5) ______ be handed back to nature.
Today, Ranthambhore is a very different place, with grass tall (6) ______ for tigers
to hide in, and there are now at (7) _____ forty of them in the park, wandering freely
about. Other animals have also benefited. For example, there are many more deer
and monkeys than (8)______The people (9) _______ were moved are now living in
better conditions. They live in new villages away from the tiger park, with schools,
temples and fresh water supplies. There are now sixteen such tiger parks in India and
the animal’s future look (10) ________ safer.

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There are 10 unnecessary words in the following passage. Identify and write them in the
provided space. You must also write the line in which it is.
Line
1. Midsummer, the celebration of the turning of the sun, has been
2. being the highlight of the northern summer for centuries – an event
3. full of symbolism, customs, magic and superstitions. In Finland,
4. Midsummer night is so short as that evening dusk flows into morning
5. dawn almost unnoticed. Even in southern Finland, midnight is the
6. best described as strong twilight. Midsummer night was, the most of
7. all, the celebration of greenery and fruit. Nature is in a
8. full bloom then and the day is never-ending. It was customary
9. throughout Finland to bring branches and greenery to indoors on
10. Midsummer Eve. Houses were so thouroughly cleaned and decorated
11. with birch branches and flower garlands. This indoor forest was
12. complete when leaves on the scrubbed floor gave out a fresh forest
13. aroma. Midsummer is still the Finns’ most important one summer
14. celebration. They gather together around the bonfire to dance, play
15. and be with family and friends themselves. In some areas
Midsummer poles decorated with flower garlands and leaves are
erected for the festivities. Although some of the old ceremonies are
now performed only for fun, Midsummer night, as bathed in the
strange white light of the North, is still mysterious.
Unnecessary word Line Unnecessary word Line
1. 1 6. 7
2. 3 7. 8
3. 4 8. 11
4. 5 9. 12
5. 6 10. 14
Read the passage and choose the correct answer.
In most discussions of cultural diversity, attention has focused on visible,
explicit aspects of culture, such as language, dress, food, religion, music, and social
rituals. Although they are important, these visible expressions of culture, which are
taught deliberately and learned consciously, are only the tip of the iceberg of
culture. Much of culture is taught and learned implicitly, or outside awareness. Thus,
neither cultural insiders nor cultural outsiders are aware that certain "invisible”
aspects of their culture exist.
Invisible elements of culture are important to us. For example, how long we can
be late before being impolite, what topics we should avoid in a conversation, how we
show interest or attention through listening behavior, what we consider beautiful or
ugly. These are all aspects of culture that we learn and use without being aware of it.
When we meet other people whose invisible cultural assumptions differ from those we
have learned implicitly, we usually do not recognize their behavior as cultural in
origin.
Differences in invisible culture can cause problems in cross-cultural relations.
Conflicts may arise when we are unable to recognize others’ behavioral differences as
cultural rather than personal. We tend to misinterpret other people’s behavior, blame
them, or judge their intentions or competence without realizing that we are
experiencing cultural rather than individual differences.
Formal organizations and institutions, such as schools, hospitals, workplaces,
governments, and the legal system are collection sites for invisible cultural
differences. If the differences were more visible, we might have less
misunderstanding. For example, if we met a man in a courthouse who was wearing
exotic clothes, speaking a language other than ours, and carrying food that looked
strange, we would not assume that we understood his thoughts and feelings or that
he understood ours. Yet when such a man is dressed similarly to us, speaks our
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language, and does not differ from us in other obvious ways, we may fail to recognize
the invisible cultural differences between us. As a result, mutual misunderstanding
may arise.

1. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain the importance of invisible aspects of culture.
B. To describe cultural diversity.
C. To point out that much of culture is learned consciously.
D. To explain why cross-cultural conflict occurs.
2. The word “deliberately” in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. slowly B. accurately C. intentionally D. randomly
3. The phrase “the tip of the iceberg” in bold in paragraph 1 means that
A. other cultures seem cold to us
B. visible aspects of culture are learned in formal institutions
C. we usually focus on the highest forms of culture
D. most aspects of culture cannot be seen
4. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that conflict results when
A. people think cultural differences are personal
B. people compete with those from other cultures
C. one culture is more invisible than another culture
D. some people recognize more cultural differences than others
5. The author implies that institutions such as schools and workplaces
A. are aware of cultural differences B. teach their employees about cultural
differences
C. reinforce invisible cultural differences D. share a common culture
Read the text and choose the correct answer
THE MAN WHO IS PAID TO BE AN ALIEN
Roo Reynolds has a job at IBM which many people would envy: to spend as much time
as possible playing online games like Second Life and Entropia Universe, in which
players move and act within a three-dimensional digital world. 'I'm bringing the idea
of virtual worlds to IBM,' said Mr Reynolds, 'helping IBM to understand virtual worlds
and how we might use them.'
Companies like IBM are being forced to take note of these 3D digital worlds which are
populated by 'avatars', on-screen representations of real people. This is simply
because they are becoming so popular. Second Life, which was created by the
Internet company Linden Lab, announced at the start of 2007 that it had two million
users. The most impressive thing about this statistic is the fact that, only eight weeks
earlier, the company had announced a figure of one million users. The speed of
growth is astonishing. And Second Life is not alone. Entropia Universe, created by a
company called Mindark, is a virtual world based on the imaginary planet of Calypso.
It recently passed the half-million milestone for its population. Many of these new
members of the population are young. In addition, Second Life has a 50:50 split of
men and women. For these two reasons, advertisers and marketing departments have
a very real interest in the virtual populations of Second Life and Entropia Universe.
In Second Life, sports manufacturers Adidas and Reebok sell virtual training shoes,
Toyota and Nissan sell virtual cars while Starwood Hotels, owner of the Westin and
Sheraton chains, test out new hotels without having to build
them. Other companies are also taking note. The BBC holds music events on a virtual
island. The Reuters news agency now has a permanent reporter who lives in the
virtual world of Second Life. Second Life allows people to do what they do in the real
world without leaving their chair. People meet, chat, dance and socialize. Residents
can also make and sell goods in exchange for the world's currency, the Linden Dollar.
This has an exchange rate with the US dollar, so money that you make in Second Life
can be transferred to the real world.

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But why are virtual worlds suddenly becoming so popular? 'I think it was the right time
for Second Life,' said Dr Jim Purbick, a senior software engineer, and the only full-time
employee of Linden Lab. Dr Purbick believes that the increase in the number of
broadband users and the ever faster speeds of personal computers are two of the
main reasons behind the growth in popularity.
Roo Reynolds believes that the virtual worlds are here to stay, and will become a
bigger and bigger part of life. 'Nobody believes that experiencing something online is
really the same as experiencing it in real life,' he says. 'However, not everyone can
afford to go to major sporting events like the Olympics or the World Cup. Experiencing
these events in a virtual world is the next best thing.' So Mr Reynolds' job, which
involves convincing people of the benefits of Second Life and similar online
environments, may not last long.
1. Why does Roo Reynolds spend a lot of time in online 3D universes?
A. Because his job is to provide his employer with information about them.
B. Because he’s a software engineer who creates virtual worlds.
C. Because he’s working on a joint project with IBM and Second Life.
D. Because he’s addicted to online games.2
2. The planet Calypso is
A. part of an online game called Mindark.
B. a real planet scientists have recently discovered.
C. a place invented by the company Mindark.
D. a place you can only visit in Second Life.3
3. Advertisers are particularly interested in Second Life because
A. most of the users are young men.
B. there are equal numbers of young men and women.
C. the users spend a lot of money online.
D. the creators have marketed it so well.4
4. Reuters now have a full-time reporter who
A. only reports on stories connected with Second Life.
B. reports on music events in Second Life.
C. tests out new hotels in Second Life.
D. only exists in the virtual world of Second Life.5
5. In Second Life you can
A. try out new hotels. B. become a reporter for Reuters.
C. order real goods from real companies. D. buy virtual goods from companies
such as Reebok and Nissan.6
6. The money that people make in Second Life
A. can be converted into real dollars.
B. can only be used for socializing.
C. can only be exchanged for virtual goods and services.
D. can be transferred to Entropia Universe.7
7. Roo Reynolds believes that he will eventually lose his job because
A. he won’t be able to persuade people that it’s worth visiting virtual worlds.
B. people will realise that virtual worlds can never be the same as real
experiences.
C. everybody will already know about these virtual worlds.
D. people won’t be able to afford to join virtual worlds.
READING
THE US CITY AND THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
A) While cities and their metropolitan areas have always interacted with and shaped
the natural environment, it is only recently that historians have begun to consider this
relationship. During our own time, the tension between natural and urbanized areas
has increased, as the spread of metropolitan populations and urban land uses has
reshaped and destroyed natural landscapes and environments.

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B) The relationship between the city and the natural environment has actually been
circular, with cities having massive effects on the natural environment, while the
natural environment, in turn, has profoundly shaped urban configurations. Urban
history is filled with stories about how city dwellers contended with the forces of
nature that threatened their lives. Nature not only caused many of the annoyances of
daily urban life, such as bad weather and pests, but it also gave rise to natural
disasters and catastrophes such as floods, fires, and earthquakes. In order to protect
themselves and their settlements against the forces of nature, cities built many
defenses including flood walls and dams, earthquake-resistant buildings, and storage
places for food and water. At times, such protective steps sheltered urbanites against
the worst natural furies, but often their own actions – such as building under the
shadow of volcanoes, or in earthquake-prone zones – exposed them to danger from
natural hazards.
C) City populations require food, water, fuel, and construction materials, while urban
industries need natural materials for production purposes. In order to fulfill these
needs, urbanites increasingly had to reach far beyond their boundaries. In the
nineteenth century, for instance, the demands of city dwellers for food produced rings
of garden farms around cities. In the twentieth century, as urban populations
increased, the demand for food drove the rise of large factory farms. Cities also
require fresh water supplies in order to exist – engineers built waterworks, dug wells
deeper and deeper into the earth looking for groundwater, and dammed and diverted
rivers to obtain water supplies for domestic and industrial uses. In the process of
obtaining water from distant locales, cities often transformed them, making deserts
where there had been fertile agricultural areas.
D) Urbanites had to seek locations to dispose of the wastes they produced. Initially,
they placed wastes on sites within the city, polluting the air, land, and water with
industrial and domestic effluents. As cities grew larger, they disposed of their wastes
by transporting them to more distant locations. Thus, cities constructed sewerage
systems for domestic wastes. They usually discharged the sewage into neighboring
waterways, often polluting the water supply of downstream cities.
The air and the land also became dumps for waste disposal. In the late nineteenth
century, coal became the preferred fuel for industrial, transportation, and domestic
use. But while providing an inexpensive and plentiful energy supply, coal was also
very dirty. The cities that used it suffered from air contamination and reduced
sunlight, while the cleaning tasks of householders were greatly increased.
E) In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, reformers began demanding
urban environmental cleanups and public health improvements. Women's groups
often took the lead in agitating for clean air and clean water, showing a greater
concern than men in regard to quality of life and health-related issues. The
replacement of the horse, first by electric trolleys and then by the car, brought about
substantial improvements in street and air sanitation. The movements demanding
clean air, however, and reduction of waterway pollution were largely unsuccessful. On
balance, urban sanitary conditions were probably somewhat better in the 1920s than
in the late nineteenth century, but the cost of improvement often was the exploitation
of urban hinterlands for water supplies, increased downstream water pollution, and
growing automobile congestion and pollution.
F) In the decades after the 1940s, city environments suffered from heavy pollution as
they sought to cope with increased automobile usage, pollution from industrial
production, new varieties of chemical pesticides and the wastes of an increasingly
consumer-oriented economy. Cleaner fuels and smoke control laws largely freed cities
during the 1940s and 1950s of the dense smoke that they had previously suffered
from. Improved urban air quality resulted largely from the substitution of natural gas
and oil for coal and the replacement of the steam locomotive by the diesel-electric.
However, great increases in automobile usage in some larger cities produced the new
phenomenon of smog, and air pollution replaced smoke as a major concern.

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G) During these decades, the suburban out-migration, which had begun in the
nineteenth century with commuter trains and streetcars and accelerated because of
the availability and convenience of the automobile, now increased to a torrent,
putting major strains on the formerly rural and undeveloped metropolitan fringes. To a
great extent, suburban layouts ignored environmental considerations, making little
provision for open space, producing endless rows of resource-consuming and
fertilizer-dependent lawns, contaminating groundwater through leaking septic tanks,
and absorbing excessive amounts of fresh water and energy. The growth of the outer
city since the 1970s reflected a continued preference on the part of many people in
the western world for space-intensive single-family houses surrounded by lawns, for
private automobiles over public transit, and for the development of previously
untouched areas. Without better planning for land use and environmental protection,
urban life will, as it has in the past, continue to damage and stress the natural
environment.
Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.
List of Phrases
i Legislation brings temporary improvements Paragraph
ii The increasing speed of suburban development Paragraph
iii A new area of academic interest Paragraph
iv The impact of environmental extremes on city planning
Paragraph
v The first campaigns for environmental change Paragraph
vi Building cities in earthquake zones
vii The effect of global warming on cities
viii Adapting areas surrounding cities to provide resources
Paragraph
ix Removing the unwanted by-products of city life
Paragraph
x Providing health information for city dwellers
Read the passage below and then choose a suitable word A, B, C or D to fill
in each blank.
NEVER TOO OLD TO LEARN!
Education is a life-long process that not only provides us with basic skills such as
literacy and numeracy, but is also essential in (1) our future lives. From
the moment we enter kindergartens as small children, and as we progress through
primary and secondary education, we (2) the foundations for the life
ahead of us. We must discipline ourselves to work hard (3) we can pass
exams and gain the qualifications we will need to secure a good job. We must also
acquire valuable life skills so that we can fit in and work with those around us. And of
course health education helps us to understand (4) we can stay fit and
healthy.
For most people, this process ends when they are in their mid-to-late teens. For
others, however, it is the beginning of a lifetime of learning. After they finish school,
many (5) to further education where they will learn more useful skills such as
computer literacy or basic business management. (6) will enroll on a
program of higher education at a university where, with hard work, they will have the
opportunity to graduate after three or four years with a well-earned degree. After
that, they may work for a while before opting to study for a higher degree- an MA, for
example, or a PhD. Alternatively, they may choose to attend an evening class after
work or, if they have a sympathetic employer, (7) day release so that
they can study during the week. And if they live a long way from a college or
university, they might follow a (8) course using mail and the Internet.
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(9) , it is largely due to the proliferation of computers that many people have
started to study again and can proudly class themselves as mature students.
We live in a fascinating and constantly changing world, and we must continually learn
and (10) new knowledge if we are to adapt and keep up with changing events.
Our schooldays are just the beginning of this process, and we should make the best of
every opportunity to develop ourselves, whether we are eighteen or eighty. You are,
indeed, never too old to learn.
1. A. forming B. shaping C. molding D. leading
2. A. are lying B. are laying C. are replacing D. are building
3. A. in order to B. so as that C. so that D. in case
4. A. how B. what C. when D. where
5. A. progress B. continue C. move D. pursue
6. A. The others B. Another C. The other D. Others
7. A. ask B. obtain C. achieve D. bring
8. A. writing B. correspondence C. mail D. self-study
9. A. As a result B. Particularly C. What's more D. In fact
10. A. enrich B. acquire C. widen D. broaden
Read the passage below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
each gap. Write your answer in the numbered box.
It is now extremely popular to take a gap year between school and university or
university and work and to spend it traveling. There are plenty of reasons to
recommend it - travel broadens the mind, you’re (1) ___ young once, life isn’t a
rehearsal and so on. And if you don’t do it, you may always regret that you didn’t take
the (2) ___. In the end, there’s only one response: well, why not?
The idea may have its roots in the 18 th century Grand tour once (3) ___ by the
young, rich and noble, but it is the middle classes who have turned it (4) ___
something that 200,000 British youngsters do every year. (5) ___ has never been so
easy and cheap, with more places open to tourists than ever. Also, the gap year is
now (6) ___ by many employers and universities.
The States, the Far East and Australia were among the original (7) ___ and
although these remain in the top five, young explorers are now going even further.
The most far-flung corners of the world are (8) ___ in popularity year by year. About
$700 will buy a student ticket (9) ___ for six months that will take you from London to
Calcutta, Singapore, Bangkok, Perth, Sydney, Auckland, Fiji, Tahiti, Los Angeles and
(10) ___ again.
1. A. merely B. only C. slightly D. simply
2. A. occasion B. moment C. chance D. luck
3. A. undertaken B. gone C. done D. given
4. A. up B. out C. over D. into
5. A. Voyage B. Travel C. Excursion D. Tour
6. A. received B. stood C. accepted D. admitted
7. A. destinations B. endings C. landings D. terminals
8. A. spreading B. expanding C. enlarging D. growing
9. A. genuine B. valid C. effective D. legal
10. A. now B. here C. back D. then

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