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Group 1
WEEK 0:
The 0th week of the 1st trimester marks
the beginning of a woman's last menstrual
period (LMP) and is considered the
starting point for tracking pregnancy,
even though conception hasn't occurred
yet. This week is crucial for establishing a
baseline for the pregnancy timeline, as it
sets the stage for the following weeks.
WEEK 1:
The first week of the first trimester is a
time of preparation for conception. It's
important to start taking a prenatal
vitamin, discuss any unhealthy habits
with your healthcare provider, and begin
incorporating regular exercise into your
routine. While you may not be pregnant
yet, taking these steps can help ensure a
healthy pregnancy if and when
conception occurs.
WEEK 2:
The second week of pregnancy, as
calculated from the first day of
the last menstrual period, is
typically when ovulation takes
place. This is the time when a
mature egg is released from the
ovary. The egg is then ready to be
fertilized by sperm.
WEEK 3:
The third week of pregnancy,
calculated from the first day of
your last menstrual period, is
when conception typically occurs.
This is the week when a sperm
successfully fertilizes an egg,
initiating the journey of
pregnancy.
WEEK 4:
The fourth week of the first trimester is a
period of rapid growth and development,
even though you may not experience
many noticeable symptoms yet. The
embryo is establishing itself in the
uterus, and crucial structures are starting
to form. It's a good time to confirm your
pregnancy with a home test and
schedule your first prenatal
appointment.
WEEK 5
Embryonic Development
● Size: The embryo measures
approximately 3 to 4 mm, roughly
the size of a sesame seed.
● Neural Development: The neural
tube, which will become the brain
and spinal cord, is forming. By the
end of this week, the heart begins to
pulse, typically around 110 beats per
minute.
WEEK 5
● Organ Formation: The
embryo consists of three
layers

● Ectoderm: Forms the

nervous system, skin, and hair.
● Mesoderm: Develops into
the heart, muscles, and bones.
● Endoderm: Will form the
digestive system and other
internal organs.
 WEEK 6
Embryonic Development
● Size: The embryo grows to about 6 mm,
resembling a small tadpole.
●Facial Features: The beginnings of facial features
start to appear, including the formation of the
mouth, nose, and early development of the eyes
and ears.
● Limbs: Limb buds begin to form, which will
develop into arms and legs. By the end of this
week, the embryo shows signs of movement,
although these movements are not felt by the
mother yet.
● Organ Systems: The heart is now divided into
chambers, and blood circulation begins. The lungs
and other critical organs continue to develop.
WEEK 7
Embryo size: Around 7-8 mm.
Facial features: More prominent facial features like the nostrils
and eye lenses begin to form.
Limb formation: The arms and legs continue to develop, and
paddle-like hands and feet start taking shape.
Major organs continue to develop: Kidneys and lungs start
forming their basic structures. The liver begins producing blood
cells.
Brain development: Continues to grow, particularly the cerebral
cortex.
Mechanism of Week 7
Organ Development: Heart, kidneys, lungs, and liver form.
Limb Growth: Arms, legs, hands, and feet develop.
Brain Growth: Cerebral cortex expands and neural connections
form.
Facial Features: Nostrils and eye lenses begin forming.
Placenta Support: Nutrient exchange and hormone production
improve.
WEEK 8
Embryo size: Around 10-13 mm (about the size of a
raspberry)
Fingers and toes: Fingers and toes are starting to form,
though they are still webbed.
Eyelids and ears: Eyelids form and cover the developing
eyes. External ears become visible.
Movement begins: Although too small for the mother to
feel, the embryo starts to make small, spontaneous
movements.
Organogenesis: The heart, brain, lungs, liver, and kidneys
are well-established but will continue to mature
throughout pregnancy.
Mechanism
Organ Maturation: Heart, brain, lungs, and other organs
mature further.
Limb Development: Fingers and toes start to form.
Movement: The embryo begins small, spontaneous
movements.
WEEK 9
AT 9 WEEKS OF GESTATION, THE FETUS UNDERGOES SEVERAL
IMPORTANT RETURN

: THE EMBRYO IS APPROXIMATELY 0.9 INCHES (2.3 CM) LONG.

SIZE: THE FETUS IS AROUND 2.5 CM (1 INCH) LONG AND WEIGHS

ABOUT 2 GRAMS.

ORGAN DEVELOPMENT: ALL MAJOR ORGANS ARE NOW FORMED,

THOUGH THEY ARE STILL MATURING AND NOT YET FULLY
FUNCTIONAL.

FACIAL FEATURES: THE FACE BECOMES MORE DISTINCT, WITH

THE EYES MOVING TO THE FRONT OF THE FACE, AND THE EARS
CONTINUING TO FORM.

LIMBS: FINGERS AND TOES ARE MORE DEFINED, AND THE ARMS
AND LEGS CONTINUE TO GROW.
WEEK 9
NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE BRAIN IS DEVELOPING RAPIDLY,
AND BASIC REFLEXES MAY START TO FORM.

HEARTBEAT: THE HEART IS NOW FULLY FORMED AND

CONTINUES TO BEAT REGULARLY.

EXTERNAL GENITALIA: BEGIN FORMING, BUT IT IS STILL TOO

EARLY TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE
EXTERNALLY.

MOVEMENT: THE FETUS STARTS TO MAKE SMALL,

SPONTANEOUS MOVEMENTS, THOUGH THE MOTHER
CANNOT FEEL THEM YET.

THIS IS A PIVOTAL STAGE IN DEVELOPMENT AS THE FETUS

BEGINS TO TAKE ON MORE HUMAN-LIKE FEATURES AND
CONTINUES RAPID GROW.
WEEK 10
EMBRYO SIZE : 10 WEEKS OF GESTATION, THE EMBRYO
IS APPROXIMATELY 1.2 INCHES (3 CM) LONG, ABOUT THE
SIZE OF A KUMQUAT.AT 10 WEEKS OF GESTATION, THE
FETUS CONTINUES TO DEVELOP SIGNIFICANTLY:

SIZE: THE FETUS IS ABOUT 1.2 TO 1.5 INCHES LONG,

ROUGHLY THE SIZE OF A KUMQUAT.
ORGAN DEVELOPMENT: MOST MAJOR ORGANS ARE
FULLY FORMED AND FUNCTIONING. THE HEART BEATS
STRONGER AND MORE RHYTHMICALLY, CIRCULATING
BLOOD THROUGHOUT THE BODY.
LIMBS: THE ARMS AND LEGS ARE MORE DEVELOPED,
WITH DISTINCT ELBOWS AND KNEES. FINGERS AND TOES
ARE STARTING TO SEPARATE MORE CLEARLY.
FACIAL FEATURES: THE FACE IS BECOMING MORE
RECOGNIZABLE, WITH THE EYES MOVING CLOSER
TOGETHER AND THE MOUTH FORMING MORE
DISTINCTLY. THE EARS ARE POSITIONED CLOSER TO
THEIR FINAL LOCATIONS.
 WEEK 10
NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE BRAIN IS RAPIDLY
DEVELOPING, WITH AN INCREASING NUMBER
OF NEURONS. THE FETUS MAY BEGIN TO
EXHIBIT SPONTANEOUS MOVEMENTS,
THOUGH THESE ARE NOT YET FELT BY THE
MOTHER.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: THE REPRODUCTIVE
ORGANS ARE DEVELOPING, BUT EXTERNAL
GENITALIA ARE STILL NOT DISTINGUISHABLE
ENOUGH TO DETERMINE SEX VIA
ULTRASOUND.
THIS STAGE MARKS A TRANSITION INTO THE
FETAL PERIOD, WHERE GROWTH AND
REFINEMENT OF STRUCTURES CONTINUE.
WEEK 11
11 weeks: 1½ long inch, size of strawberry
or Little Caterpillar. At week 11:
The embryo is now referred to as a Fetus.
Head: still large in proportion to the body,but the body is
catching up.
Face: ears are in their final position,and the eyelids are
fully developed but fuses shut.
Limbs: Fingers and toes are separated,and Fingernails
begin to form.
Skeleton: The bones are starting to hardens
(Ossification process.
External Genitalia: Start to differentiate,but it's still
difficult to visually distinguish Male from Female.
 WEEK 12
Week 12: It's a landmark week for the baby,since most lf the
key body systems and vital organs are fully formed by now.
(Length is about two-to-two a quarter inches,about the size
of a lime.)

Organ Development:
Kidneys: By week 12, the kidneys begin to produce
urine,which becomes part of the amniotic fluid.
Intestines: which where previously forming outside the
fetus in the umbilical cord,move inside the abdominal
cavity.
Lungs: continue developing,although they will not be
functional until birth. The Diaphragm forms, and the
fetus may begin to practice "Breathing" movements with
amniotic fluid.
Nervous System:
Brain Development is rapid during this
period. The basic structure of the
brain,spinal cord,and nerves are in
place,and the fetus begins to make
reflexive movements by Week 12.
Week 13:
size about 2.9 inches,the size of a pea pod.
Organd Development:
Digestive system: The intestines have fully moved
into the Abdominal cavity.
Kidneys: the kidneys are functioning and producing
urine,which is excreted Into the amniotic fluid.
Liver: the liver is producing red blood cells, a
function that will eventually be taken oven by the
bone marrow.
Pancreas: The pancreas is beginning to produce insulin.
Nervous System and Movement:
BrainDevelopment: The brain is growing rapidly,and
neurons(nerve cells) are multiplying quickly.
Reflexes: Reflexes like sucking,Swallowing,and grasping
develop,and the fetus may respond to external stimuli
such as touch,though the mother still can't feel these
movements.
Muscle development: The fetus's muscles are
becoming stronger,and movements are more
coordinated,though still small and subtle.
Gender Development:
Genitalia: The external genitalia continue to
develop,making it easier to distinguish
between male And female fetuses via
ultrasound.
Circulatory and Resporatory System:
Heartbeat: The heartbeats strongly at about
120-160 bpm,and it pumps blood through the
developing circulatory system.
Lungs: The lungs are beginning to practice breathing
movements,although they won't be fully functional
until birth.
Maternal Physiological
Changes
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
During the first trimester, the The amount of blood pumped by
mother's blood volume increases the heart per minute, also increases
by 10-15%. This increase is during the first trimester.
primarily driven by the rise in
The heart rate remains within the
plasma volume.
normal range, it may slightly increase
Blood pressure generally during the first trimester.
decreases during the first
trimester, dropping by 10-15
mmHg.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
— Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG):
hCG is a hormone produced by the placenta shortly after
implantation. Its levels rise rapidly in the first trimester, peaking
around 8-11 weeks.
hCG plays a role in maintaining the corpus luteum, which
produces progesterone and estrogen, essential for sustaining the
pregnancy until the placenta takes over hormone production.

— Estrogen
Estrogen levels also rise during the first trimester. Estrogen
supports the growth and development of the fetus and placenta,
increases blood flow to the uterus, and stimulates breast tissue
growth.
— Progesterone
Progesterone levels increase significantly during the first trimester.
Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining, preventing
the rejection of the embryo by the mother's immune system, and
preparing the breasts for lactation.
— Relaxin
Relaxin, produced by the corpus luteum and later by the placenta, helps
relax the uterine muscles, pelvic ligaments, and other tissues in
preparation for birth. It also plays a role in softening and widening the
cervix.
— Oxytocin
In the first trimester, oxytocin levels are lower than in later trimesters,
but they are still playing a role in preparing the body for childbirth and
breastfeeding.
BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR)
During the first trimester of pregnancy, a woman’s Basal Metabolic
Rate (BMR) increases by about 5-10%. This means that her body
burns slightly more energy at rest than before pregnancy.

GASTROINTESTINAL CHANGES
Nausea and Vomiting (Morning Sickness)
Slower Gastric Emptying
Changes in Taste and Smell
Increased Sensitivity and Heartburn
Constipation
 Common Complaints

Nausea and Vomiting (Morning Sickness)

Fatigue
Breast Tenderness
Mood Swings
 common Foods to avoid
during the first
trimester of pregnancy
Pregnancy is a journey that calls for careful consideration
of various lifestyle factors, especially diet. The first trimester
is a critical time when your baby's major organs develop,
making it essential to nourish yourself and your growing little
one with the right foods.
 COMMON Foods to avoid
during the first
trimester of pregnancy
1. Soft Cheeses and Dairy Products
Soft cheeses like brie and feta, as well as their unpasteurized
counterparts, may contain harmful bacteria such as Listeria, which can
lead to miscarriage or stillbirth.

2. High-Sugar and Processed Foods

High-sugar foods not only contribute to excessive weight gain, but they
also fail to provide the essential nutrients your body and baby need.
Processed foods can contain high levels of sodium or unhealthy fats
that can be detrimental to your health and pregnancy.
 COMMON Foods to avoid
during the first
trimester of pregnancy
3. Alcoholic Drinks
Alcohol is a known teratogen, which means it can disrupt fetal
development and lead to a range of birth defects. The safest approach
is to avoid alcohol altogether during pregnancy.

4. Undercooked or Raw Fish, Meat, and Eggs

Dishes like sushi, rare steaks, and soft-boiled eggs could be
contaminated with harmful bacteria or parasites. Be sure to cook all
proteins thoroughly to kill any potential pathogens.