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C O R A M:-
DR. VENKATA RAMAKRISHNA BADARINATH NANDULA, HON’BLE MEMBER (JUDICIAL)
SH. CHARAN SINGH, HON’BLE MEMBER (TECHNICAL)
ORDER
Sd/- Sd/-
MEMBER (T) MEMBER (J)
Vamsi/Sridher
IN THE NATIONAL COMPANY LAW TRIBUNAL
HYDERABAD BENCH – 1
CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
(Under Section 95 read with Section 60(2) of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code,
2016 read with Rule 7(2) of Insolvency and Bankruptcy (Application to Adjudicating
Authority for Insolvency Resolution Process for Personal Guarantors to Corporate
Debtor) Rules, 2019.
CORAM:-
DR. VENKATA RAMAKRISHNA BADARINATH NANDULA,
HON’BLE MEMBER (JUDICIAL)
SH. CHARAN SINGH, HON’BLE MEMBER (TECHNICAL)
Appearance:-
For the Petitioner :- Shri VVSN Raju, Counsel.
For the Respondent No.2 :- Shri P. Pratap, Counsel.
Resolution Professional :- Shri Govada Venkata Subbarao.
PER: BENCH
ORDER
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NCLT HYD, Bench-I
CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
2.2 It is averred that corporate debtor had failed to honor its obligations
under Composite Deed of Hypothecation for all facilities dated
20.10.2014 executed between the financial creditor and corporate
debtor. The loan account of Respondent No.2 was declared as the
renewal sanction also failed the accounts were classified as NPA on
29.09.2015.
2.3 It is averred that the bank recalled the term loan and filed OA 403 of
2017 on the file of the DRT Hyderabad-1 claiming an amount of
Rs.32,19,88,213/- as on the date of the suit and interest thereon on
contractual rate against Corporate Debtor and Guarantors. The Hon’ble
DRT after adjudicating the matter granted decree on 09.02.2019 along
with Recovery Certificate on 09.07.2019 for the said amount, then the
Recovery Officer attached to the DRT on 22.07.2020 issued a demand
notice to the judgment debtors for the payment of the said amount.
2.4 It is averred that the erstwhile Andhra Bank assigned the debt portfolio
of the Corporate Debtor in favour of the Financial Creditor vide its
assignment agreement dated 27.09.2017 which was duly registered
with the sub registrar concern and by virtue of this assignment the
Financial Creditor entered into the shoes of erstwhile Andhra Bank and
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CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
2.6 It is averred that the amounts which are due and payable by the
Respondent No.1 in the capacity of Personal Guarantor to the Financial
Creditor as on 30.11.2021 is Rs. 37,02,00,931/- + interest and charges
from 31.11.2021 as per the Personal Guarantee Agreements executed
by him and also liable to pay interest on the said amount from the said
date and also other charges and expenses.
2.7 It is averred that the Respondent No.2 was referred to this Tribunal for
CIRP process vide CP (IB).No. 153/7/HDB/2021 and the same was
admitted on 11.04.2022. The Respondent no.1 being the personal
guarantor, failed to pay the outstanding amount, financial creditor
herein while invoking the provisions of the I&B Code, 2016 had vide
Form B demand notice dated 22.07.2020 issued to the personal
guarantor , i.e Respondent No.1 requesting him to honor the terms of
the agreement. Despite receipt of the demand notice, Respondent No.1
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NCLT HYD, Bench-I
CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
did not pay any amount. Thus the present application for initiation of
insolvency resolution process with respect to personal guarantor.
2.8 The Petitioner attached the following documents to prove the existence
of debt and amount in default: -
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CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
3.1 It is stated that all the averments and allegations made by the petitioner
are baseless. It is stated that the Demand Notice was issued on
01.11.2015 and in suppression of the said fact, the financial creditor to
mislead this Tribunal stated in Part-III of Form-C, under the heading
particulars of the Debt, that the default accrued on the date on which
15 days’ time period has been expired from the demand notice dated
22.07.2020 issued by the Recovery Officer of DRT-I, Hyderabad.
3.2 It is stated that the dates on which the default took place and the cause
of action began to run which exhausted the prescribed limitations:
Sl. Date of Particulars of Event Date of Expiry
No. Event of Limitation
1. 31.10.2015 Account of the Corporate Debtor is Cause of Action
declared as NPA began to run
2. 01.11.2015 Demand Notice u/s.13(2) of the 31.10.2018
SARFAESI Act, 2002 was issued to
the Personal Guarantors
3. 06.10.2014 General Form of Guarantee is 31.10.2018
invoked on 01.11.2015
4. 25.02.2022 Demand Notice in Form-B (Rule-7
of the IBC rules 2019) is served on
the Personal Guarantor after expiry
of limitation of 3 years from the
date of first invocation of the
Guarantee on 01.11.2015
3.3 It is stated that in Articles 55, 113 and 137 of the Limitation Act, clearly
specifies that cause of action in respect of the breach any agreement or
contract will began to run from the date the cause of action arise. It is
further stated that the present petition is time barred, as the Personal
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CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
3.4 It is stated that, in Syndicate Bank Vs. Channaveerappa Beleri & Ors
(Appeal (civil) 6894 of 1997, the Hon’ble Supreme Court held that :
“9. A guarantor's liability depends upon the terms of his contract.
A continuing guarantee' is different from an ordinary guarantee.
There is also a difference between a guarantee which stipulates
that the guarantor is liable to pay only on a demand by the
creditor, and a guarantee which does not contain such a
condition. Further, depending on the terms of guarantee, the
liability of a guarantor may be limited to a particular sum, instead
of the liability being to the same extent as that of the principal
debtor. The liability to pay may arise, on the principal debtor and
guarantor, at the same time or at different points of time. A claim
may be even time- barred against the principal debtor, but still
enforceable against the guarantor. The parties may agree that the
liability of a guarantor shall arise at a later point of time than
that of the principal debtor. We have referred to these aspects
only to underline the fact that the extent of liability under a
guarantee as also the question as to when the liability of a
guarantor will arise, would depend purely on the terms of the
contract."
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CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
3.5 It is stated that according to the financial creditor, the alleged debt was
assigned by the erstwhile Andhra Bank on 27.09.2017 and therefore
assuming that the financial creditor has a cause of action to initiate the
CIRP proceedings against the Personal Guarantor on 27.09.2017, still
the present petition is barred by limitation as the cause of action is
ended on 26.09.2020 and apparently the present company petition since
before this Tribunal on 21.05.2022 the same is manifestly barred by
limitation.
3.6 It is stated that the Respondent No.2 has filed an Appeal before the
Hon’ble NCLAT, Chennai Bench in Company Appeal (AT) (CHE)
224 of 2022 against CIRP order made by this Tribunal and the
Appellate Court passed interim direction that the Committee of
Creditors shall not proceed further till 19.09.2022 and further directed
the Resolution Professional of this Respondent No.2 Company to
maintain as a going concern.
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NCLT HYD, Bench-I
CP (IB) No. 197/95/HDB/2022
Date of Order. 14.06.2023
3.7 It is stated that the present petition is filed under section 95, 96(1),
97(5), 99(1), 99(2) and 100 of the Code, the vires of which is under
challenge in a batch of Writ Petitions pending before the Hon’ble
Supreme court of India in WP(Civil) No. 307 of 2022 and batch,
wherein the Hon’ble Supreme court vide its orders dated 29.04.2022
was pleased to pass interim direction as follows:
“In the meanwhile, petitioner shall not transfer, alienate, encumber,
or dispose of any of his properties or his legal rights or beneficial
interest therein and the resolution professional shall nor proceed
with filing of the report.”
Therefore stated that all further proceedings in this petition and the
impugned order dated 21.06.2022 passed by this Tribunal shall be
deferred till the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India finally adjudicates the
Constitutional Vires of the Sections 95, 96(1), 97(5), 99(1), 99(2) and
100 of the Code in Writ Petitions in WP(Civil) No.307 of 2022 and
batch.
3.8 It is stated that the guarantee given by the respondent herein under the
General Form of Guarantee dated 06.10.2014, it is categorically
mentioned in clear language that, the “Provided nevertheless that our
liability under this Guarantee shall not exceed in the whole sum of
Rs.19,28,00,000/- (Rupees Nineteen Crores Twenty-Eight Lakhs
Only) apart from and in addition to all interest, Banking, Law and
other costs, charges and expenses above referred to”. Therefore, the
demand of Rs.37.00 Crores by the Financial Creditor is illegal and
against the Terms & Conditions of the guarantee executed by the
Respondent and prayed to dismiss with exemplary costs.
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
5.1 It is stated that after invoking the Guarantee, the Respondent No.1
failed to pay to the Creditor and failed to honor its commitment under
the said Guarantee Deed. The Judgment of the Debts Recovery
Tribunal-I, Hyderabad dated 19.02.2019 and the notice issued by the
Recovery Officer dated 22.07.2020 have given fresh cause of action
for filing the Company Petition against the Respondent No.1.
5.2 It is stated that the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of Dena Bank
Vs. C.Shivakumar Reddy and Anr. 2021 SCC Online SC 543 (Para
No.141) decided on 04.08.2021, held that a Judgment and order/decree
of the Debts Recovery Tribunal and Recovery Certificate give rise to a
fresh cause of action from the date of such Judgement and
order/decree/issuance of recovery certificate. Further, as per the suo
moto order issued by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of
Miscellaneous Application No. 21 of 2022 in Miscellaneous
Application No. 665 of 2021 in Suo Moto Writ Petition (C) No. 3 of
2020 on 10.01.2022 the limitation period with effect from 15.03.2020
to 28.02.2022 has been saved and the said period has to be added to the
limitation period.
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
5.3 It is stated that the Respondent No.2 has filed an Appeal before the
Hon’ble NCLAT, Chennai Bench in Company Appeal (AT) (CHE)
224 of 2022 against CIRP order made by this Tribunal in C.P. (IB).No.
153/2021 against the Respondent No.2. This contention is also not
sustainable in law in view of the decision by the Hon’ble NCLAT,
Delhi and concurred by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of
State Bank of India Vs. Mahendra Kumar Jajodia, 2022 SCC Online
NCLAT 58 (Para 11). The Hon’ble NCLAT’s observation as
concurred by the Apex Court is the said matter is as follows:
5.4 It is stated that the extent of liability of the Respondent No.1 to the
Petitioner as made in Para No.14 is also unsustainable as the Guarantee
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
8. In the light of the aforesaid factual matrix the point arises for our
consideration is:
Whether an Insolvency Resolution Process can be ordered against
the Personal Guarantor under Section 100 of the Insolvency and
Bankruptcy Code, 2016?
9. We have heard the Learned Counsel Shri VVSN Raju, for the Petitioner
and Learned Resolution Professional/ Respondent No.2 Shri. Govada
Venkata Subbarao and Learned Counsel for Respondent No.1 Shri
P.Pratap, and perused the record.
10. At the outset it may be stated that the Petitioner Bank has initiated
Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process against the Corporate Debtor
i.e., M/s. Sri Pavana Keethi Hotels India Private Limited vide CP (IB)
No. 153/7/HDB/2021 under Section 7 of the Code, 2016 which was
admitted by this Adjudicating Authority vide order dated 11.04.2022
and the instant petition is initiated against the Personal Guarantor of the
Corporate Debtor. However, Respondent No.1 has raised certain
objections stating that OTS and resolution plan are under consideration
and thus prayed to hold the instant Application. IRP in his report has
observed that creditor has send demand notice in Form-B on 29.12.2021
to Respondent No.1 intimating the total amount of debt including
interest or penalties due as on 29.12.2021 is Rs.37,02,00,931/-. But
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
personal guarantor failed to repay the amount due towards the creditor
within 14 days from the date of receipt of demand notice and
recommended initiation of Insolvency Resolution Process against R-1
in terms of Section 99 (7) of IBC, 2016.
12. Therefore, in the light of our discussions above, on perusal of the record
and case laws, we consider it is a fit case to order insolvency resolution
process against Respondent No.1/Personal Guarantor.
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
b) The Creditors shall not initiate any legal action or legal proceedings
in respect of any debt; and
c) The debtor shall not transfer, alienate, encumber or dispose of any of
her assets or her legal rights or beneficial interest therein;
d) The provisions of this Section shall not apply to such transactions as
may be notified by the Central Government in consultation with any
financial sector regulator.
e) The Petitioner herein, has proposed the name of Shri. Govada Venkata
Subbarao, IBBI/IPA-003/IP-N00358/2021-2022/13753 insolvency
Professional to act as Resolution Professional, who has given his
consent dated 01.05.2022 in Form-A. Hence, this Tribunal appoints:
Shri. Govada Venkata Subbarao, IBBI/IPA-003/IP-N00358/2021-
2022/13753, email id: govada.subbarao1@gmail.com, Address: Rajiv
Swagruha Apartments, Block A 05, Flot 106, Classic Diamond
Towers, Anand Nagar, GSI Bandlaguda, Next to D-Mart, Hyderabad,
Telangana – 500068, Mobile No.8019062958.
f) The Resolution Professional is directed to cause public notice
published on behalf of the Adjudicating Authority within 7 days from
the date of uploading of this order on the website of NCLT,
Hyderabad, inviting the claims from all creditors, who shall register
their claims as provided under Section 103 of the Code within 21 days
of such issuance. The notice shall contain the necessary information
as provided under Section 102(2) of the Code. The publication of
notice shall be made in newspapers, one in English and other in
vernacular (Telugu) which have wide circulation in the State where
the Personal Guarantor and Corporate Debtor resides. The Resolution
Professional shall furnish two spare copies of the notice to the
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
Registry. One shall be placed on our website by the Registry and the
other shall be affixed in the premises of this Adjudicating Authority.
g) The Resolution Professional in exercise of the powers conferred under
the Section 104 shall prepare a list of creditors within 30 days from
the date of the notice. The Personal Guarantor shall prepare, in
consultation with the Resolution professional, a repayment plan
containing a proposal to the creditors for restructuring of her debts or
affairs as provided under Section 105 which shall include the
provisions for payment of fee to the Resolution Professional. The
Resolution Professional shall submit the repayment plan along with
his report on the plan to this Adjudicating Authority within a period
of 21 days from the last date of submission of claims as provided under
Section 106.
h) In case the Resolution Professional recommends that a meeting of the
creditors is not required to be summoned, he shall record the reasons
thereof. If the Resolution Professional is of the opinion that the
meeting of creditors should be summoned, he shall specify the details
as provided under Section 106(3). The date of meeting shall not be
less that fourteen days or more than 28 days from the date of
submission of the Report under Sub-section (1) of Section 106 of the
Code, for which at least 14 days’ notice to the creditors (as per the list
prepared) shall be issued by all modes. Such notice must contain the
details as provided under the provisions of Section 107 of the Code.
i) The meeting of the creditors shall be conducted in accordance with the
provisions Sections 109, 110 and 111. The Resolution Professional
shall prepare a report of the meeting of the creditors on repayment plan
with all details as provided under Section 112 and submit the same to
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Date of Order. 14.06.2023
Sd/- Sd/-
(Sh.Charan Singh) (Dr.Venkata Ramakrishna Badarinath Nandula)
Member (Technical) Member (Judicial)
Sridher
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