TLE
Management of Orchard
Investing in the establishment of an orchard needs through planning. You should be knowledgeable on how to provide
care and maintenance for your trees and your orchard.
Types of Orchard Farm
1. Fruit Orchard – it is a farm where trees are planted for the purposes of fruit production
2. Nut Orchard – planted on this farm are nut trees for the massive production of nuts
3. Seed Orchard– an intensively managed or maintained plantation of trees to produce genetically improved seeds
resulting in mass production
Factors to Consider in Planting Trees
1. Location
2. Climate
Planting trees requires the skill on how to increase the number of species and spreading or maintaining such species for
them to multiply. This process is called plant propagation. Sexual and asexual plant propagation are the two general
methods of multiplying plant species
Sexual Plant Propagation
It is a way of multiplying plant species by seeds through pollination and fertilization of the parent’s genetic materials.
Two Methods of Sexual Plant Propagation
1. Direct Planting – a method of planting the seeds or parts of a plant directly in the soil.
2. Indirect Planting - a method of planting trees where seeds are allowed to germinate in the seed box.
Asexual Plant Propagation
The process of taking the vegetative part of a desirable plant to produce new plants from these tissues.
Types of Asexual Plant Propagation of Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees
1. Cutting– growing a plant from a stem or root that has been cut from another plant.
2. Marcotting– an asexual method of propagating plants by rooting a part of the stem while still attached to the
parent plant.
3. Grafting – is the process of getting the bud of one plant to be placed into or on a stem, root,
or a branch of another plant to form.
4. Budding– is the union of one bud and a small piece of bark from the scion with a rootstock
Sources of Fruit-Bearing Trees
1. Orchard Nursery– a wide plantation of fruit trees/nut trees for food production
2. School Nursery – provides variety of fruit trees for pupils’ practical training in school
3. Commercial Nursery– an area where plants grown for transplanting, use as stocks for buffing, grafting for sale.
4. Community – provides variety of fruit trees seedlings situated within the barangay
5. Department of Agriculture– provide bearing tree seedlings, vegetable seeds, leaflets, and other printed
materials that would help fruit tree grows
Caring of Fruit Tree Seedlings
▪ Water the sown seeds thoroughly
▪ Grow the seedling preferably in a propagating shed or a partially shaded area.
▪ Apply fungicide to avoid infestation
▪ Remove the grass or weeds around the base and cultivate the soil around the base
Planting fruit trees has five systems where trees are all planted in rows. Distance between rows and plants varies with
the kind of system, type of fruit trees and their varieties, bigger canopy requires a wider distance between planted trees.
DIFFERENT LAYOUT DESIGNS OF ORCHARD
1. Square System – the simplest way of planting trees
2. Rectangular System – the distance between rows is more than the distance between plants.
3. Diagonal System – a tree is planted in the center of each square.
filler crop – trees with shorter life space and planted in the center
main crops – trees planted in the four corners
4. Hexagonal System– 6 trees are positioned in all corners while the 7TH is planted at the center of the pattern
5. Contour System– it is used in planting trees when orchard areas are located on hills.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN PLANT PROPAGATION
Tools and equipment are important in the processes of propagating plants especially those fruits being grown in the
orchard
1. Spade – perfect for digging holes for plants and bushes
2. Hoe – it is used in digging and breaking hard and dry soil
3. Rake – it is used for even spreading of soil
4. Bolo – used for cutting tall grasses and branches of trees
5. Shovel – used for transferring soil from one place to another
6. Water Sprinkler – used to sprinkle water on the plants
7. Pruning Shears – used for cutting small branches
8. Garden Gloves – protect from thorns and withstand punctures
9. Spading Fork – used for removing soil or trash
10. Trowel – used for loosening the ground and taking up small plants
11. Sprayer – used for spraying chemicals to eliminate plant insects
HEALTHY AND SAFETY MEASURES IN PROPAGATING FRUIT-BEARING TREES (5)
Wear protective equipment while working. Make sure to follow instructions in using tools and equipment, and always
check if the tools and equipment are working properly. Focus and work properly. Take a bath before and after working
