READING COMPREHENSION

1. .................... complex surface C. Its

of cratered uplands, lowland D. It has
plains, and massive volcanic
regions on mars
A. When a
B. There is a
C. A
D. Being a
6. .......... Of green lumber may
2. Farmland and its ownership come from moisture in the
were important features of wood
feudalism and the manor A. More weight than half
was ....... of the system B. Of the weight, more than
A. The center was for half
administration C. The weight is more than
B. Administrating the central half
C. The administrative center D. More than half of the
D. Where the center of weight
administrating
7. Welding was first used to join
3. Astronomers believe ..... parts of bronze
nothing, not even light can sclupture ..........
escape after it has been A. Each to other
captured by the powerful B. Together
gravity of a black hole in C. As one
space D. Several to one
A. Is
B. That 8. The North California museum
C. Is that of art is in Raleigh , ......... of
D. It is North Carolina
A. The capital
4. The impressionist style of B. Which it is the capital
painting was evolved by C. Which the capital
painters ............. in studying D. Is the capital
the effect of light on object
A. Increased their interest 9. From the archeologist’s
B. Increasingly interesting prespective,
C. Who increasingly
understanding the past is
interested
D. Who were increasingly vitally important and
interested requires ........ of earlier
cultures
5. Although steel has been A. The ruins examined
known for centuries, ...........
B. Examining the ruins
production was exteremely
limited until the invention of C. Of the ruins to be
bessemer process in the late examined
1850s D. That the examined
A. And its ruins
B. But it has

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 READING COMPREHENSION

10. Ripe or rotting rain forest

fruits ...... alcohol consentration as
high as 5 percent
A. Are contanied
B. That contain
C. Contain
D. Containing

14. The ........ form of journalism is

print journalism
A. Most recognized and oldest
widely
11. The Aztecs of Mexico commonly
B. Most oldest and widely
used turquoise for their mosaic
recognized
art ...... introduced the stone to
C. Oldest and most widely
the people of surrounding areas.
recognized
A. While
D. Widely most and recognized
B. And
oldest
C. Also
D. Since
15. On its way from the forest to the
finished product, ...... goes through
12. ....... for students of craft to many processes
devide the craft movements in A. Paper
the United States into three B. When paper
schools-those of the East, C. And paper
Chicago and the Midwest,and D. That paper
California
A. Customary
B. The custom
C. It is customary
D. There is customary

13. Many meteorites are thought to

have originated from ....... that
once existed between the orbits of
Mars and Jupiter
A. Where a planet or planets
B. A planet or planets so
C. Which a planet or planets
D. A planet or planets

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 READING COMPREHENSION

16. Developments in electronics the 1940s and 1950s made possible the creation of the
A B C
computer and electronic calculator
D
17. The brightest stars and the highest masses , 100 times that of the sun, and emit as
A B
many light as millions of suns
C D
18. Rodes, a form of entertain based on riding and roping skills of western cattle
A B
ranches, is now professional sport in the United States and Canada
C D
19. In the second half of the nineteenth century, cities in the United States experienced
A B C
several decades of growth massive
D
20. To be formed corporation, the incorporators first must obtain a charter, which is
A B C
essentially a contract between a goverment and a corporation
D
21. Although most dogs have poor eyesight, but they posses an excellent sense of smell
A B C D
22. Few substance on Earth equal the beauty of gemstones such as twinkling diamonds,
A B C
green emeralds, red rubies, blue shapires, and multicolored opal
D
23. Portraits artist sometimes intentional alter the appearance of their subjects by
A B
refining their images to emphasis or minimize particular physical qualities
C D
24. Many nineteenth century opera arias bring together a memorable melodically, a
A B
dramatic interlude, and a leading character in a moment of high artistry
C D
25. The cell walls of a plant constitutes the plant skleton and also form a protective

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 READING COMPREHENSION

A B
covering for the sensitive, protoplasm
C D
26. Rapidly chances in body size and shape are the most obvious signs of approaching
A B C D
adolesence
27. Invesment banking houses make theor profits by buying new securities from issuers
A B
at once price and selling it to investors at a higher price
C D
28. An automaton may be enough alrge to be watched by crowd of people or sufficiently
A B
small to be carried in the pocket
C D
29. Condensed milk differs to evaporated milk in that siugar is added to condensed milk
A B C
as a preservative
D
30. Alloys of two or more metals can be formulated in a widely variaty of composition
A B
and usually have physical properties differing considerably from their components
C D
31. With very little formal training, modern dance Isadora Duncan rejected the restraint
A B C
of ballet technique and costuming and devised her own free style
D
32. Humans do not sonstitute the only species endowed with intelegance, the higher
A B C
animals also have considerably problem-solving abilities
D
33. The carat, a unit still used to measure stone precious, probably evolved from the
A B C D
carob seed

34. The melon is most successfully grown and is developed the best flavor in hot, dry
A B
climates where sunlight is intense and the growing season is long
C D
35. When glass fibers are embedded in plastic sheet, they formula a very strong, light
A B C D
Material

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 READING COMPREHENSION

36. Table salt occurs as a cube – shaped crustal that, depending of its purity, may be
A B C
colorless, transparent, or translusecnt
D

37. According to popular legend, the groundhog, or woodchuck, emerges out

A B C D
hibernation on groundhog day february 2

38. Grasslands are characterized by the dominate of grasses, the smooth cover they
A B C
provide, and monotony of flat to rolling terrain
D
39. By the 1880, world demand for cotton had began fall off
A B C D
40. The regular, circular, equatorial orbitsof Jupiter’s four largest satellites suggest that
A B
they formed from a cloud of small particle circling Jupiter
C D

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 READING COMPREHENSION

The End of section 2

Question 1 – 9

On October 29, 1929, the Wall Street stock market crashed in the
United States, and along with it went prosperity and euphoria of the
1920s. Herbert hoover, elected president in the United States in a
landslide preceding November, looked to private enterprise for
5 solution to what he hoped would be a temporary “depression”, as he
called it. Sadly, the situation over the next three years worsened, as a
businesses and industries had overexpanded during 1920s went into
bankcruptcy. Every week, 100.000.000 new workers join the rank of
unemployeed; Bank forclosed on defaulted loans and ultimately close
10 themselves. By the fall of 1932, over one-quarter of the labour force
was unemployed. As a rank of the destitute and homeless grew in
urban centers, families took refugee in makeshift shacks sacrastically
dubed Hoovervilles, put together from salvaged bits of wood , tar
taper, cardboard, and tin. The unemployed queued up for bread and
daily ration at soup kitchen or sold apples on street corners. The
economic catasthrope was exarcebrated by devastating droughts in
15 the midwest that eroded soil and transform once fertile farmlands into
arid dust bowls, powerless against the drought and the competitiion
from the large –scale, mechanized farms, thousand of small farmers
unable to pay rent or meet loan payments migrated westward in
search of work
The initial goverment response to the economic disaster was
innefective, as President Hoover insisted that prosperity would soon
20 return. The tension between citizens seeking goverment action and
Hoover’s administration came to a head in 1932. More than 17.000
former soldiers marched on Wahington, D.C, demanding an advance
on the bonus payment due them for their service in the First World
War. The Goverment refused, however, and when some members of
25 the so-called “bonnus Army” did not leave the Capital, National
Troops under the command of
General Douglas Mac Arthur forced the protesting soldiers to leave
the city. Although privately ambivalent, Hoover defended MacArthur’s
action, it was of his last act as President. In the presidential election
that autumn, the country voted for change. Franklin Delano Rosevelt
was sworn in as the Thirty-second president of the United State in

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 READING COMPREHENSION

January 1933, reassuring the nation that “the only thing we have to
fear is the fear itself. “

1. The word “euphoria” in line 2. The word “themselves” in

2 is closest meaning to? line 8 refers to?
A. Unexpected luck A. Workers
B. Sudden wealth B. Ranks
C. Extrem happiness C. Banks
D. Growing anxiety D. Loans

3. What can be infered about 6. The phrase “ came to a

“Hoovervilles” line 11? head” in line 20 is closest in
A. They were never meaning to?
completed due to the A. Happend by accident
economic problems of B. Began to increase
the 1930s C. Stopped making
B. They were named out of progress
anger lef toward Herbert D. Reached a decisive point
Hoover
C. They were built by
companies that later
went bangkrupt
D. They were built on
farmlands in the Midwest 7. What was the “Bonus Army”
4. The word “exarcebrated” in line 24?
line 13 is closest in meaning A. A goverment
to? organization that
A. Worsened provided fiancial help to
B. Attained people without job
C. Resolved B. A group of former
D. Supported soldiers that protested
5. The passage mentions that, against the goverment
due to economic C. A volunteer organization
depression, small farmers that raised money for
were forced to Hoover’s election
A. Apply for goverment aid campaign
B. Move in order to find D. An elite group of federal
work troops under the
C. Sell their property to the command of General
goverment Douglas MacArthur
D. Combine their small farm 8. The word “reassuring” in
in order to compete with line 29 is closest in meaning
the larger farm to?

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 READING COMPREHENSION

A. Recaling the history of B. He was more popular by

B. Building the confidence 1930s than he had been
of in 1928s
C. Indicating the need of C. He publicly defended
D. Critizing the position of General MacArthur’s
9. According to the passage, treatment of the Bonus
all of the following are true Army
of Herbert Hoover EXCEPT: D. He failed to understand
A. He tought private how deep the economic
business could solve the problems the nation
nation economic were
problems

Question 10 – 20

The aquatic world is full of predators waiting for the fish on which
they prey to make an ill considered move. How do fish that are preyed
on by other fish survive? Fortunetly, the prey have made as many as
advances as predators have, allowing them to stay a step ahead of
5 their pursuers.
When fish are young, they are especially furnerable, as almost all of
their predators are larger than they are. Ofthen the young prey must
choose eating and being safe. When large mouthbass are
present, young bluegill sunfish prefer to hide in the weeds by the side
of the pound even though they can find more food in the open water.
10 Young cardinal fish have found a more interesting place to hide; they
conceal themselves among the sharp quills of the long – speaned sea
urchin when predators threten.
Since adult fish have fewer places to hide, they mjust rely on the
other defenses to help them defer predatory attack. Some fish use
chemical defenses to ward off predators.
15 Parrot fish secrete and sleep in a translucent mucous cocoon that may
prevent predators from detecting them. Bright coloration is sometimes
used to advertise danger. When the predators approaches the
beautifull lionfish, forexample, the lionfsih spreads out itsbrightly color
fins, which contain deadly poison. Spines, scales, and tough skin can
20 deter predators. Porcupine fish are covered with an interlocking layer
of spines, normally laid flat, these spines are erected when the
fish sense danger and inflate into a thorny ball.

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 READING COMPREHENSION

Many fish do not have extraordinary chemical or structural means of

defense; intsead they have evolved gregarious behavior, or
schooling. Over 50 percent of the world’s fish swim in school as
25 juveniles, and roughly 25 percent swim in school as
adults. In the case of anchovies, swimming in school can help defend
against predators in two ways. The sheer size of a large anchovy
school dmininishes the effect of potential predators by diluting the risk
of individual fish being attacked and eaten. Moreover, faced with a
moving morass of identical anchovies, predatiors find it hard to focus
visually on a single target. This confusion may cause the predators to
miss, delay, or even quit on attack.

10. Which of the following topics B. Uses chemical defenses

does the passage mainly against predators
discuss? C. Has beautifull coloration
A. Strategies used by fish to avoid D. Sleeps in a day time
predators 14. The word “ inflate” in
B. Advantages predators have over line 19 is closest in meaning
their prey to
C. Behavioral differences between
A. Floats
young and adult fish
B. Sharpens
D. The development defensive
strategies in young fish C. Attacks
11. According to the second D. Expands
paragraph, why are young fish in a 15. The word
greater danger than adults are? “extraordinary” in line 21 is
A. They cannot swim faster than closest in meaning to
the predators A. Threatening
B. They are unsure which animals
B. Remarkable
are predators
C. They are usually smaller than C. Permanent
their predators D. Effective
D. They have difficulty identifying 16. The word “ diluting” in
safe place to hide from predators line 26 is closest in meaning
to
12. The word “they” in line
A. Confusing
8 refers to?
B. Ignoring
A. Predators
C. Reducing
B. Large mouthbass
D. Denying
C. Bluegill sunfsih
17. The fourth paragraph
D. Weeds
suggests that fish which swim
13. The author mentions
together in school
“parrot fish” line 14 to provide
A. Are safer that fish that
an example of fish that ....
swim themselves
A. Prey on other fish

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 READING COMPREHENSION

B. Tend to die before they

reach adulthood 20. The Author presents the
C. Are usually larger than information in the passage in
other fsih which of the following ways?
D. Are more likely than others A. Describing several events
to become predators in the order that they take
place
B. Presenting a problem and
18. Which of following fish is providing solutions to it
mentioned as a likely C. Discussing an event to
predators? illustrate its result
A. Largemouth bass (line 17) D. Describing a behavior and
B. Long – spine sea urchin discussing its possible
(line 10) causes
C. Porcupone fish ( line 18)
D. Anchovies (line 24)

19. Accroding to the

passage, young fish are more
likely than older fish to
A. Swim together in a large
groups
B. Remain near the surface of
the water
C. Display aggressive
behavior toward predators
D. Change their appearance
to blend in with their
surroundings

Question 21- 31

In the early years of settlement by Europeans, most people in

North America sat on benches and stools; chairs were special items
denoting the high status of their owners. By 1800s however, most
households had enough chairs for family members to sit down for
5 meals or to offer sat to guests. Existing record shows that, on
average,
farmhouse in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania had six to nine
chairs. Prosperous houses even treated chairs as item to display,
linning them up along the wall of parlors and sitting rooms.

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 READING COMPREHENSION

The industrial revolution of the eighteen and nineteenth

centuries made a great deal of difference to how much time
American, European, and people evrywhere
10 spent in chairs. What led to this greater reliance on chairs? One
reason is that the factory of manufacture of chairs made the them
cheaper, so that more people could afford them. The more
important reason is that the nature of work itself had changed.
Industrial work was more likely that agricultural work to be seated.
Work at assembly line and in the office where accounting and record
keeping took place was usually
15 done seated, on chairs with backs, and only occasionally on stools.
English clerk used to work standing, but that practice as never
common in the United States, and today office workers almost
everywhere work seated at desks in chair.
Most furniture historians overlook the importance of this
change. Instead of evaluating the social significance of people
spending so much time in chairs, they
20 merely focus on the object itself, appreciating the formal beauty of
eighteenth-century chair or lamenting the artistic decline in
nineteenth-century ones. The historians’ list of complaints about
nineteenth-century chairs is long. Originality played second fiddle to
stylistic conventionality. Concern for comfort and luxury
everwhelmed structual expressions and visual integration. To be
viewed as luxurious, a chair had to be fadded,
25 upholdstered in silk or brocade and tasseled. In mid nineteenth
century England, the new demand for comfort stimulated the use of
mechanical springs in chair seats, which in turn changed the
proportion of these chairs, causing them to grow “heavy and
bloated”. The legs became shorter, while deep seat and inclined
back encouraged sitters to lounge, sprawl, or slump.

21. According to the first paragraph, D. They were usually of very poor
which of the following was true of quality
chairs in North America in the
early years of European
settlement?
A. They were generally higher
than they are today 22.The word “display” in line 6 is
B. They were used by only a small closest in meaning to?
number of people A. Sale
C. They were used most B. Disposal
frequently by people doing C. Show
agricultural work D. Pleasure

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 READING COMPREHENSION

23. The word “them” in line C. The second paragraph

6 refers to? explains what caused the
A. Guests changes described in the
B. Records first paragraph
C. Houses D. The second paragraph
D. Chairs considers the importance
24. The second paragraph of the changes described
suggests that, before chairs in the first paragraph
were made in factories, they 27. The phrase “ played the
were too second fiddle to” in line 22-23
A. Expensive for many is closest in meaning to?
american to buy A. Was more typical than
B. Cheap for manufactures to B. Was a central feature of
sell at profit C. Happened later than
C. Fine to be used in D. Was less valued than
industrial settings 28. The word “ stimulated”
D. heavy for many american in line 26 is closest in
to lift meaning to?
25. According to the second A. Revived
paragraph, the industrial B. Predicted
revolution affected people in C. Encouraged
the United States in which of D. Rejected
the following ways? 29. According to the third
A. More people sat while paragraph, which of the
working following is not typically true
B. More people worked on of furniture historians
farm A. They dislike the proportion
C. People spent more time of nineteenth-century
working chairs
D. More people worked in B. They are interested in the
stores social significance used of
26. Which of the following chairs
best describes the relation C. They think that some
between the first and second chairs designers have
paragraph? been too concern with
A. The second paragraph comfort
describes an effect of the D. They find eighteenth-
changes described in the century chairs to be
first paragraph beautiful
B. The second paragraph 30. The word “inclined” in
question a conclusion line 28 is closest in meaning
drawb ib the first to?
paragraph A. Padded

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 READING COMPREHENSION

B. Lengthened A. They became less

C. Slanted expensive
D. Covered B. They became smaller
31. According to the C. They became less common
passage, chairs changed in D. They became more
which of the following ways difficult to design
due to the industrial
revolution?

Question 32 - 40

In 1930 the members of governing board of the university of

Washington, in Seatle, engage a firm of landscape architecs,
specialis in the design of outdoor environment, -Olmsted brothers
of Brooklyn, Massachusetts, to advise them on an appropriate
5 layout for the University grounds. The plan impressed the
university officials, and in time many of its recomendation were
implemented. City officials in Seatle, the largest city in
Nortwestern United States, were also impressed, for they
employed the same organization to study Seatle’s public park
10 needs. Jhon Olmsted did the investigation and susequent report
on Seatle’s park. He and his brotehers believed that park should
be adapted to the local topography, utilize the area’s trees and
shrubs, and be available to the entire community. They especially
emphasized the need for natural, serene setting where harried
urban dwellers could periodically escape from the city. The
15
essence of the Olmsted park plan was to develop a continuous
driveway, twenty miles long, that would tie together a whole
series of parks, playgrounds, and parkways. There would be local
parks and squares too, but all of this was meant to supplement
the major driveway, which was to remain the unifying factor for
the entire system.
In november 1902 the city council of Seattle adopted the
Olmsted report, and it atomatically became the master plan for
the city’s park system. Prior to this report, Seattle park’s
20 development was very limited and funding meager. All this
changed after the report. Between 1907 and 1913, city voters
approve special funding measures amounting to $4.000.000. with
such unparalleled sums at their disposal, with the Olmsted
guidelines to follow and with the added incentive of wanting to
25 have the city at its best for the Alaska – Yukon – Pasific exposition
1909, the park’s board broought aggressivelly. By 1913 Seattle
had 25 parks amounting to 1.400 acres, as well as 400. Acres in
playgrounds, pathways, boulevard, and triangles. More lands

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 READING COMPREHENSION

would be added in the future, but for all practical purposes it was
the great land surge of 1907 – 1913 that established Seattle park
system.

32. What does the passage visitors from the

mainly discuss? community
A. The planned development D. They should be desgined
of Seattle’s public park to conform to the
system topography of the area
B. The organization of the 36. Why does the author
Seattle city government mentions “local parks and
C. The history of Olmsted squares” in line 14 when
brothers architectural firm talking about the Olmsted
D. The design and building of plan?
university of Washington A. To emphasize the
campus difficulties facing adoption
of the plan
B. To illustrate the
33. the word “engaged” in comprehensive nature of
line 2 is closest in meaning the plan
to? C. To demonstrate an
A. Trainned omission in the plan
B. Hired D. To describe Seattle’
C. Described landscape prior to
D. Evaluated implementation of the plan
34. The word “ subsequent” 37. Which of the following
in line 8 is closest in meaning can be inferred from the
to? passage about how citizens of
A. Complicated Seattle receive the Olmsted
B. Alternate report?
C. Later A. They were hostile to the
D. Detailed report’s conclusion
35. Which of the following B. They ignored the
statements about park does Olmsted’s findings
NOT reflect the view of the C. They supported the
Olmsted brothers firm? Olmsted’s plans
A. They should be planted D. They favored the city
with tress that grow locally council’s seeking advice
B. They should provide a quit, from another firm
restful environment
C. They should be protected
by limiting the number of

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 READING COMPREHENSION

A. The university of
Washington
B. Brookline, Massachusetts
38. According to the C. The Mayor of Seattle
passage when was the D. The Seattle Park Board
Olmsted report officially
accepted as the master plan
for the Seattle public park
system?
A. 1903
B. 1907
C. 1909
D. 1913
39. The word “sums” in line
21 is closest in meaning to?
A. Problems
B. Amounts
C. Services
D. Debts
40. According to the
passage, which of the
following was most directly
influnced by the Alaska-
Yukon-Pacific Exposition?

Question 41 - 50

The Eocene oil shale that occurs in part of Wyoming, Utah,

and Colorado is rich in kerogen, a complex mix of organic
compounds that is oil yielding. When heated to 480 0C, the kerogen
in oil shale vaporizes. The vapor can then condensed and will form
5 a thick oil, which, when enriched with hydrogen, can be refined in
to gasoline and
other products in much the same way as crude oil. The retort, a
vesel in which the shaleis heated, rather resembles a giant
pressure cooker that maintains its fueling with the very gases
generated during heating.
Many oil shale yield from one-half to three-quarters of barrel
10 ( 1 barrel contains 42 United States gallons) of oil pre ton of
rock. If one were to mine only the shale layers thicker than
ten meters, they would yield an impressive 540 billion barrels of
oil per ton of rock. If this oil were to be produced, it would

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 READING COMPREHENSION

appreciably augment the Unnited States’ reserve of crude oil.

Production of oil from oil shale, however, requires ther use of
vast amounts of water, and also might damage the
environment. Thus, the question of how to balance the harmful
effects resulting from the use of an important
resource with the need for that resource still remains.
The environmental problems have prevented frull-sclae
mining and retorting of oil shales. The first is the waste dispposal
20 problem. In the process of being crsuched and retorted, the
shale expand to occupy about 30 percent more volume than was
present in the original rock. Where can this great volume of light,
dusty materials be placed? The second problem relates to the
quality of air, for the pocessing of huge tonnages of oil shale is
25 likely to release large amounts of dust into the atmosphere.
Unfortunatelly, the the shales occur in arid regions where there
is little water available for usein processing the rock so as to
contain the dust and provide for revegetation of the land. Until
these problems are solved, production of oil from oil shale in
Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado will be slow.

41. What does the “Kerogen” in line 2,

passage mainly discuss? “Vapor” in line 3, and
A. The recycling of gases during “gasoline” in line 4, which
oil shale processing of these terms define the
B. The availability of oil shalein passage?
the United States A. Eocene
C. Advantages and
B. Kerogen
disadvantages of oil
C. Vapor
production from shale
D. The dry areas where oil D. Gasoline
shale is found
42. According to the 44. The word “ yield” in
passage, which of the line 8 is closest in
following must be meaning to?
added to condensed A. Consume
karogen vapor to B. Recycle
process it into C. Diminish
gasoline? D. Product
A. Organic compound
B. Crude oil 45. The word “they” in
C. Hydrogen line 10 refers to?
D. Shale A. Oil shale that yield from
43. Look at the term one-half to three-quarters
“Eocene” in line 1, of barrel

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 READING COMPREHENSION

B. 42 United States gallons A. Comparison of the

C. Shale layers thicker than level of seriousness
ten meters of two problems
D. 540 million barrels of oil B. Statement and
explanation of a
46. The word theory
“appreciably” in line 11 is C. Chronological of
closest in meaning to? sequence of events
A. Generally D. Description of
B. Eventually difficulties created
C. Considerably by process
D. Rapidly
50. In the passagae,
47. The term “full-scale” the author mentions all
in line 16 is closest in of the following about
meaning to? oil from oil shale found
A. Extensive in Wyoming, Utah, and
B. Experimental Colorado excepet that
C. Dangerous A. It requires a large
D. Measurable quantity of water
B. Processing the shale
could damage the
48. According to the environment
passage, which of the C. Mining would have
folowing ennvironmental to take place in dry
problems can be created areas
by the processing of the D. It is more expensive
oil shale? than driling for oil
A. An increase in noise
pollution
B. Dust particle in the
air
C. Pollution in the
water supply
D. A decrease in soil
fertility

49. The organization

of the third paragraph
can be best described
as a

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