1.
Write a detailed note on Cabinet system in England
2. "Discuss the Cabinet system in England, providing a
comprehensive overview of its structure, functions, and
historical evolution."
3. "In-depth analysis of the Cabinet system in England: Explore its
origins, organizational framework, and the significant role it
plays in the country's governance."
4. "Delve into the intricacies of the Cabinet system in England by
presenting a detailed account of its establishment,
composition, and the decision-making processes within this
crucial political institution."
1) Introduction
The cabinet is the real executive of the British systems. It is also called the ministry of
the government. The cabinet has been defined as the royal advisers of the state chosen
by the Prime Minister in the name of crown. The cabinet must know the supremacy of
the Prime Minister and must follow the policies laid down by the Prime Minister.
Cabinet is collectively a decision making body of the United kingdom cabinet is
consisted of 21 ministers and these are the most senior ministers of the government
2) Meaning of cabinet
A group of individuals who are advisers of the Prime Minister
3) Definition of cabinet
A cabinet is a body of high-ranking state officials of the two houses of the parliament
which consists of peers and chief executives of the United Kingdom.
They all are usually called ministers and mutually are responsible and politically
depends upon a parliamentary majority for its existence and follows the rules laid down
by the Prime Minister
4) Evolution of cabinet system
The modern Cabinet developed long ago with the name of privy council in government
of Britain it has its roots in the 11th century - The Privy Council was a group of executive
members of the church, who gave advice to the king.
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In the 15th century the Privy Council consisted of 40 councilors who were dealing with
administrative matters. Because of the failure of such large councils, kings had reduced
the circle of advisors. And with the passage of time it become Cabinet from Privy
council
5) Nature of British Cabinet
Cabinet is a body which is not recognized by the law. Its existence is only customary e.g.
based on custom or conventions
6) Composition of British cabinet
The Prime minister makes the cabinet on the advice of the King. All the members of
the cabinet are the members of the parliament. In the institution, there is no legal
status of the cabinet
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7) Features of the cabinet system
Following are the feature of cabinet system
I. Exclusion of the king from cabinet
● The Queen or King does not attend the cabinet meetings. The King or Queen is not
legally bound to attend cabinet meetings on a regular basis or ever. It is
constitutionally recognized that they will not attend the meetings
II. Cooperation between Cabinet and Parliament
● There is complete cooperation between the cabinet and the Parliament. Both of these
departments help each other in official related issues facing by the state as well as they
are supporter of each other
III. Leadership of the Prime Minister
● The Prime Minister plays a dominant role in Cabinet because cabinet has been
formulated by the Prime Minister on the advice of the King. Prime is the keystone of the
cabinet and overrule the cabinet
IV. Secrecy
● The meetings of the cabinet are secret and private. Every member of the cabinet makes
promises of secrecy. The discussion is not release in the public
V. Ministerial responsibility
● Individually all the members of the cabinet are responsible persons of the house of
commons and they all are liable for their acts
VI. Collective responsibility
● Collectively all the members of the cabinet are responsible. All the members work as a
team because cabinet stands or falls together as a unit
VII. Political homogeneity
● Political homogeneity means that all the members of the cabinet have similar views
upon their policies because they belong to one political party
VIII. Unity of cabinet
● Unity of the cabinet is the outstanding feature of the British cabinet system. The
cabinet always acts as a unit. It wouldn’t be wrong if they are called “the house with
one voice”
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IX. No legal status
● Cabinet is a body which is not recognized by the law. Its existence is only customary
laws. It is not mentioned in written that the cabinet is part of the constitution. The
cabinet is called the child of the conventions
8) Functions of the British cabinet
Following are the important functions of the British parliament
I. Policy Making
● The cabinet is the policy making body. The cabinet discusses and decides all kinds of
national and internal policies. The cabinet decides the measure on account of which
administration of the government can be exercised
II. Executive functions
Following are the executive functions of the cabinet
1) Cabinet makes the general policies of the Government
2) It makes the foreign policies of the Government
3) The Cabinet makes strategies for war and peace
4) Cabinet makes appointments of high rank officials of the state
III. Legislative functions
The cabinet controls the legislative activities
1) The Cabinet prepares the speech of the king and king says this speech in the parliament
2) The cabinet prepares all the bills which are to be passed by the parliament
3) Cabinet send summons to the parliament on the advice of the king
4) The cabinet guides the leader of the house in the parliament
IV. Financial functions
● The cabinet plays a vital role in this regard. The Cabinet prepares the budget of the
country and is responsible for the whole expenditure. The chancellor of the cabinet
is the finance minister of the country and is the member of the cabinet
V. Judicial functions
Following are the judicial functions of the courts
1) The judges of the important courts are being appointed on the advice of the cabinet by
the King
2) The cabinet prepares the rules and regulations for judiciary
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3) The power of the pardon is exercised by the king is on the advice of the Cabinet
9) Conclusion
The working of the cabinet system in England was very slow but steady. The Prime
Minister is the head of the cabinet that makes the cabinet on the advice of the king. All
members of the cabinet exercise their large powers almost in all affairs of the
government. The members of the parliament are consisted upon high ranking officials
of the state and all are ministers of different spheres
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Introduction:
● The Cabinet is the real executive body of the British system, also known as the
government ministry.
● It is composed of 21 senior ministers chosen by the Prime Minister in the name
of the crown.
● The Cabinet is a decision-making body and holds significant authority in the
United Kingdom.
Meaning of Cabinet:
● A group of individuals who advise the Prime Minister.
🔍 Definition of Cabinet:
● A body of high-ranking state officials from the two houses of parliament,
including peers and chief executives.
● The members, usually called ministers, are collectively responsible and
politically dependent on a parliamentary majority.
● They follow the rules set by the Prime Minister.
🌱 Evolution of Cabinet System:
● The modern Cabinet evolved from the Privy Council, an executive group
providing advice to the king, dating back to the 11th century.
● The Privy Council reduced its number of advisors due to administrative
challenges, eventually transforming into the Cabinet.
💼 Nature of British Cabinet:
● The Cabinet is not recognized by law but exists based on custom and
conventions.
👥 Composition of British Cabinet:
● The Prime Minister forms the Cabinet on the advice of the King.
● All Cabinet members are also members of Parliament.
● The Cabinet has no legal status as an institution.
🌟 Features of the Cabinet System:
● Exclusion of the monarch: The King or Queen does not attend Cabinet
meetings, and their attendance is not legally required.
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● Co-operation between Cabinet and Parliament: There is mutual cooperation
between the Cabinet and Parliament, supporting each other on official
matters.
● Leadership of the Prime Minister: The Prime Minister holds a dominant role in
the Cabinet, formulating it on the advice of the King and overruling Cabinet
decisions.
● Secrecy: Cabinet meetings are private and confidential, with members taking
an oath of secrecy.
● Ministerial responsibility: Cabinet members are individually responsible to the
House of Commons for their actions.
● Collective responsibility: Cabinet members collectively share responsibility,
and the Cabinet as a whole succeeds or fails together.
● Political homogeneity: Cabinet members generally share similar political views
as they belong to the same party.
● Unity of the Cabinet: The Cabinet acts as a unified unit and is often referred to
as "the house with one voice."
● No legal status: The Cabinet is not explicitly recognized in the constitution but
exists based on customary laws and conventions.
💪 Functions of the British Cabinet:
● Policy Making: The Cabinet formulates national and internal policies, guiding
the government's administration.
● Executive Functions: The Cabinet sets general and foreign policies, makes
appointments to high-ranking positions, and strategizes for war and peace.
● Legislative Functions: The Cabinet controls legislative activities, prepares
speeches for the King, drafts bills, sends summonses to Parliament, and
guides the leader of the House.
● Financial Functions: The Cabinet plays a vital role in budget preparation and
overall expenditure. The Chancellor of the Cabinet serves as the Finance
Minister.
● Judicial Functions: The Cabinet appoints judges, establishes rules and
regulations for the judiciary, and advises the King on exercising the power of
pardon.
🎯 Conclusion:
● The Cabinet system in England has gradually developed, with the Prime
Minister as its head and the King's advice in its formation.
● Cabinet members exercise significant powers across various government
affairs.
● Cabinet members are high-ranking officials who also serve as ministers in
different areas.
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● The Cabinet plays a crucial role in policy-making, executive functions,
legislative activities, financial matters, and judicial affairs.
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