Health:

Health Trends, Issues and Concern (Global Level)

● What are the MDG’s?

○ The Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s)
■ are the eight international development goals. These eight global goals
were set by 189 countries in 2000 as a result of the Millennium Summit
of the United Nations.
○ Poverty and Hunger
■ Decrease poverty. Achieve decent employment for women
○ Achieved Universal Primary Education
■ All children can complete a full course of primary education.
○ Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
■ Eliminate gender inequality in primary and secondary education and in
every community around the globe.
○ Reduce child
■ Reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old.
○ Improve maternal health
■ Reduce the death rate of mothers due to childbirth.
○ Combat HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES
■ Stop spreading HIV/AIDS. Universal access loss, reducing biodiversity
loss, access to drinking water and sanitation.
○ Develop global partnership for development
■ Address the special needs of at least developed countries. Make
available the benefits of new technologies, information and
communication.

● What are SDG’s

○ Since the launch of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, U.S
communities have made this global framework a local agenda. From students
to CEO’s, and city halls to state capitals. Local leaders across sectors are
embracing the SDG’s and leading innovative efforts to build sustainable
societies.
○ The SDG’s offer a foundation for better responding to and recovering from
COVID-19 pandemic and building an inclusive, resilient future where no one is
left behind.

● SDG 1. No Poverty
○ The world bank has warned that extreme poverty will not decrease in 2021
due to population growth eclipsing economic growth in the poorest nations.
○ Large family size and poverty often go hand-in-hand.
○ When people are poor and have many children, they cannot invest enough in
each child which often leads to kids not being able to attend school and girls
getting married off as child brides.
● SDG 2. Zero Hunger
○ Feeding the world without destroying more nature will become increasingly
difficult and eventually impossible under sustained population growth.
○ In 2020, between 720 million and 811 million persons worldwide were
suffering from hunger.
○ Also in 2020, a staggering 2.4. billion people or above 30 percent of the
world’s population, were moderately or severely food-insecure, lacking regular
access to adequate food.
○ The number of people going hungry and suffering from food insecurity had
been gradually rising between 2014 and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

● SDG 3. Good Health and Well-being

○ Insufficient funding for health care can cause them to buckle under the
pressure of growing populations.
○ Lack of access to quality reproductive health care including modern
contraception and medically safe abortion leads to high unwanted pregnancy
rates and preventable maternal deaths.
○ Still almost half of all pregnancies are unintended and more than 800 women
die from pregnancy-related complications every day worldwide.
○ In 15 years, the number of people newly infected by HIV each year has
dropped from 3.1 million to 2 million.
○ By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care
services, including for family planning information and education and the
integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programs.
○
● SDG 4. Quality Education
○ Education liberates the intellect, unlocks the imagination and is fundamental
for self-respect. It is the key to prosperity and opens a world of opportunities.
○ Learning benefits every human being and should be available to all.
○ By 2030, ensure that all children complete free, equitable and quality primary
and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes.
○ Due to gender inequality, girls are disproportionately affected by lack of
access to education — still one in four girls does not attend secondary school
and in sub-Saharan Africa, the number of girls out of secondary school has
increased by 7 million since 2007 due to the region’s population growth.

● SDG 5. Gender Equality

○ Is when people of all genders have equal rights, responsibilities and
opportunities.
○ Empowering women and girls to take control of their bodies and lives is crucial
for solving our biggest social and environmental crises.
○ Gender inequality is one of the main drivers of high fertility rates.
○ Not a single country has yet achieved full equality, and the worst gender-based
injustices and crimes continue to be common and widespread.
● SDG 6. Clean Water and Sanitation
○ The combination of climate change and population growth is fueling a global
water crisis.
○ As our number grows, aquifers get overdrawn, pollution increases and the
capacity to safely dispose of wastewater is increasingly compromised.
○ Currently a staggering 2.2 billion people around the world do not have safe
and 4.2 billion lack safe sanitation services.
○ In the UK, overexploitation could lead to severe water shortages by
mid-century.
○ The UK population is expected to reach 73 million by 2041.

● SDG 7. Affordable Clean Energy

○ Lack of access to energy supplies and transformation systems is a constraint to
human and economic development.
○ The environment provides a series of renewable and non-renewable energy
sources.
○ The number of people using dirty fuels is still increasing due to population
growth and slow progress in rolling out renewable energy.
○ Global energy demand is expected to increase by 50% over the next 30 years
as a result of population growth and economic development.
○ The absolute number of people relying on polluting fuels and technologies for
cooking has actually increased, reaching an estimated 3 billion people.

● SDG 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth

○ The high population is exerting a lot of pressure on our economy.
○ Economic growth should be a positive force for the whole planet. This is why
we must make sure that financial progress creates decent and fulfilling jobs
while not harming the environment.
○ By 2030, achieve full productive employment and decent work for all women
and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities and equal
pay for work of equal value.
○ Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification,
technological upgrading and innovation.

● SDG 9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

○ A functioning and resilient infrastructure is the foundation of every successful
community.
○ To meet future challenges, our industries and infrastructure must be upgraded
because this will bring prosperity, create jobs and make sure that we build
stable and prosperous societies across the globe.
○ The larger the population the harder it is to provide access to modern
infrastructure and technologies to everyone and the more nature will destroy
in the process.
○ Conversion of land to human infrastructure is a key driver of biodiversity loss.
 ○ The expansion of roads in South Asia is increasingly threatening the survival of
tigers not only tigers but all the wildlife.
○ Only 4,000 remain in the wild today and 40% of tiger habitat has been lost
over 15 years.

● SDG 10. Reduced Inequalities

○ Vast disparities exist between the rich world and the Global South and within
countries themselves.
○ This SDG calls for reducing inequalities in income as well as those based on
age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic status.

● SDG 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities

○ More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas today.
○ By 2050, this proportion is expected to rise to 68%.
○ Rapid urban population growth can outstrip the pace at which infrastructure
such as clean water, sanitation, health jobs and education can be offered.
○ According to WWF, one of the main causes of habitat loss is land for human
habitation with urban areas doubling since 1992.
○ Access to green spaces is important for physical and mental health but natural
and semi-natural areas are increasingly falling victim to housing demands.

● SDG 12. Responsible Consumption and Production

○ Responsible consumption and production of food and goods must go hand in
hand with measures to end our population growth.
○ SDG 12 is about ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns,
which is key to sustain the livelihood of current and future generations.
○ Reduce manufacturing impacts by substituting virgin raw materials in products
with post-consumer materials through recycling.

● SDG 13. Climate Action

○ Climate change is a real and undeniable threat to our entire civilization.
○ A comprehensive review of climate solutions by Project Drawndown found
that slowing population growth through the combination of educating and
providing family planning would be one of the most powerful ways to reduce
atmospheric pollution.
○ Through education, innovation and adherence to our climate commitments, we
can make the necessary changes to protect the planet.
○ Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and
planning.
○ Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on
climate change adaptation, impact reduction and early warning.

● SDG 14. Life Below Water

○ The oceans cover more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet and play a
key role in supporting life on earth.
 ○ They are the most diverse and important ecosystem, contributing to global and
regional elemental cycling and regulating the climate.
○ The oceans provide natural resources including food, materials, substances
and energy.
○ The goal of SDG 14 is to prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all
kinds, in particular from land-based activities.
○ Effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and
unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement
science-based management plans
○ Conserve at least 10 percent of coastal and marine areas.

● SDG 15. Life on Land

○ Forests cover 30% of the earth’s surface and in addition to providing food
security and shelter, forests are key to combating climate change, protecting
biodiversity and the homes of the indigenous population.
○ Forests purify the air we breathe, filter the water we drink, prevent erosion and
act as an important buffer against climate change.
○ Forests offer a home to much of the world’s diverse array of plants and animals
and provide natural resources.
○ 30 million hectares of forests are being lost every year.
○ The goal of SDG 15 is to end deforestation and restore degraded forests and
to promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of
forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forest and substantially increase
afforestation and reforestation globally.

● SDG 16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

○ Peace, stability, human rights and effective governance based on the rule of
law are important for sustainable development because we are living in a
world that is increasingly divided.
○ SDG 16 promotes peaceful and inclusive societies, providing access to justice
for all and building effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.
○ High levels of armed violence and insecurity have a destructive impact on a
country’s development, affecting economic growth and often resulting in long
standing grievances among communities.
○ Sexual violence, crime, exploitation and torture are also prevalent where there
is conflict or no rule of law and countries must take measures to protect those
who are most at risk.
○ SDG 16 aims to improve people’s lives to justice and promote effective
accountable and inclusive institutions.
○ The goal of SDG 16 is to reduce violence; protect children from abuse,
trafficking etc.

● SDG 17. Partnership For Goals

○ SDG 17 calls for a global partnership for sustainable development. The goal
highlights the importance of global macroeconomic stability and the need to
 mobilize financial resources for developing countries from international
sources, as well as through strengthened domestic capacities for revenue
collection.
○ Partnership for the goals, seriously as the most significant SDG and reap the
benefits of a world genuinely working together.
○ Partnership between governments, privates or public bodies bring our goals
closer to achievement.
○ When we work together towards the same goals, we have the power to
achieve them all.
○ Sharing goals means sharing vision. Ending poverty, battling inequality and
paralyzing global warming are ambitious we all strive for.

PhysEd:
Dance Forms (Hip-hop, Street dance, Cheer dance and Contemporary dance)

● Hip-hop
○ Is a very energetic dance and dancers can move freely and can add their own
personality into the dance.
○ Advantage of engaging in Hip-hop dancing: Dancing as an aerobic exercise
can help lower the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease because it
helps improve blood pressure and cholesterol levels and also develops
stronger muscles and bones.
○ Aerobic Exercise builds endurance by keeping the heart pumping for an
extended period of time.

● What are the other health benefits of Hip-hop dancing?

○ Stronger and Toned Muscles
○ Alternative Weight Loss
○ Improve Cardiovascular Strength, Balance, Coordination, Agility and other
Fitness Components
○ Develops Personal Satisfaction and Better Social Skills

● What are the different ways to improve digestion?

○ As a proper eating habit, one should avoid or reduce intake of water during
meals because excess intake of water while eating may dilute digestive juices
and cause digestion to slow down. Take a light exercise such as brisk walking
after meals; it can help improve digestion. Taking frequent meals is also
another way that can help improve proper digestion. To avoid any digestive
problem, an easy solution is to have five to six small-sized meals throughout
the day.
● What are the different fitness dances that can also be considered as a health
enhancing program?

○ Hip-hop Abs
■ It is a fitness dance that helps you tighten abdominal muscles; it is
paired with popular dance moves set in a high-intense cardio workout.

○ Zumba
■ It is a new fitness dance that uses the salsa ballroom dance and some
hip-hop dance routines set into salsa-inspired music; it can also be
done in the water.

○ Yoga booty ballet

■ It is a combination of ballet, jazz, salsa and hip-hop dance moves with
yoga styles or poses that focus on cardio and strength training to
achieve a toned body

○ Pop-lock dance moves

■ It is characterized by quickly contracting and relaxing various muscle
groups to create a very sharp movement.

○ Crip walk
■ It is primarily an act of performing quick and intricate footwork.

○ Walk it out
■ It is both a dance and song by Unk.
■ The basic move is very similar to the Twits, but is modified by lifting
the heels of the feet as the dancer twists back and forth in place.

○ Kick ball change

■ It is a step found in almost all forms of dancing, from ballet to tap
hip-hop.

○ Moon walk
■ It is a dance gliding backwards while appearing to make forward
walking motions.

○ Harlem shake
■ It is a dance introduced in 1981 by a Harlem resident named Albert
Boyce.
■ It is also called “drunken shake”.
 ○ Running man
■ Is a street dance, consisting of “shuffling” and sliding steps, imitating a
stationary runner. The dancer takes steps forward, then slides the foot
placed in front backwards, while moving their fists forward and back
horizontally in front of them.

○ The Wop
■ This is a dance was revitalized in 2011 when a song called “Wop”
came out, however, the dance has been around for quite a while!
■ The Wop came out in the 80s.

○ The Dougie
■ Hip hop dance is generally performed by moving one’s body in a
shimmy style and passing a hand through or near the hair on one’s
own head. The album originated in Dallas, Texas, where it took its
name from similar moves performed by 1980’s rapper Dough E. Fresh.

○ Ney ney (nae nae)

■ Is a hip-hop dance that involves placing one arm in the air and
swaying from side to side. The Atlanta hip-hop group We are Toonz is
credited for inventing the phrase with their hit song “drop that nae
nae” in 2013.
■ The dance was based on a character from the 1990s sitcom Martin.

○ Gangnam Style
■ Is a South Korean dance that refers to a lifestyle associated with a
Gangnam district of Seoul, where people are trendy, hip and exude a
certain supposed class.

○ Tala
■ The legend of Tala has very close parallels to legends among
non-Filipino cultures such as India tribes of Bihar.
■ “Tala” is a song by Filipino singer and actress Sarah G. written with
Nica del Rosario and Emmanuel Sambayan with music and production
by Jumbo De Belen and Alisson Shore of Flip Music Production.

● Contemporary Dance

○ It is an expressive dance technique which is a combination of a variety of

dances: modern, jazz and classical ballet. The performer of this type of dance
tries to connect the body and mind through smooth fluid dance movement

○ Laterals
■ The dancer should stand with the alignment of his/her head spine
turning with the supporting foot. The arm upward while the leg rises
○ Stag leap
■ It is in a split position done in a very high jump where the front leg
should be bent inward from the knee and both legs should be parallel
on the floor. One arm is forward and the other one is on the side with
palms facing down

○ Stag Turn
■ one leg should bend behind the body and move up in the air and the
supporting knee should slightly be bent. The supporting arm
■ on the side is extended straight at the back
■ with palms facing down, while the other arm
■ is extended forward, as the dancer turns around
■ the palms also facing down.

○ Primitive Squat
■ Your legs should be parallel to each other, keep your torso straight,
your knees fully bent while your heels stay on the floor in a squat.

○ Hinge
■ Maintain your balance on the balls of your feet. Keep your back and
head straight. Your knees should be bent forward while your torso is
tilted diagonally backward, and your arms should be extended straight
out in front of you.

○ Flat Back
■ Your legs should be placed in parallel, your back should be flat and
parallel to the floor, your torso should be hinged at your hips your
arms should be coming out from the side

○ Contraction
■ tighten your abdominals tuck your pelvis forming a “C” with the torso
so that the shoulders are over the pelvis

○ The Release
■ It is the connection between the body and gravity and the power to let
go of unnecessary muscular tension.
■ The release starts in your pelvis and is done during inhalation. The
movement goes up into your spine as with the contraction then it
returns to the straight alignment of the torso.