1.
Introduction
Overview of Cyber Security: Define cyber security and its importance in a global context.
Pakistan’s Digital Landscape: Briefly discuss the growing reliance on technology, digital
platforms, and the internet in Pakistan across sectors like government, banking, defense,
education, etc.
2. Cyber Security Threats in Pakistan
Types of Cyber Threats: Discuss the prevalent cyber threats facing Pakistan, such as:
o Data breaches
o Ransomware attacks
o Phishing scams
o Cyber espionage
o Hacktivism and political disinformation
Sector-specific vulnerabilities: Highlight how sectors like finance, government, healthcare, and
energy are particularly vulnerable to these attacks.
3. Cyber Security Infrastructure in Pakistan
Existing Laws and Regulations:
o Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016: Summarize this law and its significance
in combating cybercrimes.
Cyber Security Policy 2021: Outline the government’s policy aimed at improving cyber defense.
Institutional Framework:
o Pakistan Computer Emergency Response Team (PakCERT): Its role in managing national-
level cyber incidents.
4. Challenges Facing Cyber Security in Pakistan
Lack of Awareness and Education: Discuss how the general population and smaller businesses
are often unaware of basic cyber hygiene practices.
Shortage of Skilled Professionals: Address the gap in trained cyber security experts and the
need for capacity building.
Weak Infrastructure: Identify limitations in technology and tools to handle sophisticated cyber
threats.
Coordination Issues: Explain how a lack of cooperation between government agencies,
businesses, and international partners weakens cyber defenses.
5. Government Initiatives and International Collaboration
Current Efforts by the Government: Talk about initiatives like the National Response Centre for
Cyber Crime (NR3C), and other government programs.
Public-Private Partnerships: Highlight the role of collaboration between the government,
businesses, and tech companies.
International Cooperation: Discuss the importance of international collaboration with global
cyber security agencies, particularly for information sharing and capacity building.
6. Steps to Improve Cyber Security in Pakistan
Policy Enhancement: Suggest continuous updates and enforcement of cyber security policies.
Public Awareness Campaigns: Propose campaigns to educate citizens and businesses on cyber
safety.
Investment in Technology and Skills: Encourage investment in cyber security technologies and
workforce training programs.
Private Sector Engagement: Stress the importance of involving private companies in
strengthening cyber defense mechanisms.
7. Impact of Cyber Security on National Security and Economy
Discuss how cyber security is critical to Pakistan’s national security and the impact of cyber-
attacks on the economy and key sectors.
8. Future Outlook
Predictions about the evolution of cyber threats and potential emerging technologies like
artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning that can help defend against future cyber threats.
9. Conclusion
Summarize the importance of addressing cyber security challenges in Pakistan and the need for
a multi-pronged approach involving government, private sectors, and global partners.
