Republic of the Philippines
OCCIDENTAL MINDORO STATE COLLEGE
Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro
Website: www.omsc.edu.ph Email address: omsc_9747@yahoo.com
Tele/Fax: (043) 457-0231
College of Criminal Justice Education
INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION
1st Semester, SY 2024-2025
HISTORY OF INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION
DE LEMOS, MARK ANDREI N.
BSCRIM – 2A
September 07, 2024
Rating:_________
SUBMITTED TO:
Ma’am Mary Dianne P. Abario
1. Ancient Penal Systems
Early Punishments:
Stocks: Wooden frame for locking legs.
Pillories: Wooden frame for locking head and hands.
Flogging: Beating with a whip or stick.
Ancient punishments were meant to humiliate and cause physical pain, rather than
reform. Stocks and pillories were for public shaming, while flogging was a common severe
punishment.
Historical context:
Used in ancient Greece, Rome, and medieval Europe.
Aimed to scare people away from crime through public punishment.
2. Medieval Prisons
First Prisons:
Medieval Jails: Cramped and grim cells.
Dungeons: Dark, underground cells.
Early prisons
Conditions were poor, with overcrowding and little care.
Historical context:
Developed during the early Middle Ages.
Used to punish offenders and hold people awaiting trial or execution.
3. Penitentiary Movement (18th-19th Century)
1790s: Pennsylvania System – solitary confinement for
reflection.
1820s: Auburn System – labor and silence.
This period marked a shift towards reform. The Pennsylvania System used solitary
confinement to encourage reflection, while the Auburn System focused on labor and strict
silence.
Historical context:
Based on Enlightenment ideas of rehabilitation.
Aimed to reform criminals through isolation and productive work.
4. Early 20th Century Reforms
Focus on Rehabilitation:
Treadmills: Used in prisons for labor.
Population Trends: Shift from corporal punishment to educational programs.
Reforms in the early 20th century focused on rehabilitation through education and
vocational training, rather than just punishment.
Historical context:
Emergence of psychological and sociological approaches.
Aimed to reintegrate offenders into society through learning and therapy.
5. Post-War Developments
BEFORE AFTER
Modernization:
Changes in prison
conditions post-WWII.
Technological Advances:
New security technologies
like CCTV.
After WWII, prisons saw improvements in conditions
and security, with new technologies and more humane practices.
Historical context:
Focus on better management of inmates and reducing repeat offenses.
Increased emphasis on inmate welfare.
6. Contemporary Corrections
Current Prisons:
Community-Based Corrections: Probation, parole, and
Community service.
Technology: Electronic monitoring and digital records.
Modern corrections use technology and community programs. Innovations include electronic
tracking, data analytics, and a focus on rehabilitation.
Current Practices:
Community Corrections: Programs like probation and parole help reintegrate offenders.
Technological Integration: Uses technology to monitor and manage offenders.
