CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2005

MARKING SCHEME

1. a) Give reasons why the Israelites asked Samuel to appoint a king for them.
Samuel, their judge, was old.
i. The sons of Samuel had failed as judges/they were unjust/corrupt.
ii. They wanted a king who would lead them into war
iii. They wanted a leader who would be recognized by other nations
iv. They wanted a political government with national authority.
v. They wanted a human leader whom they could see/had rejected God their unseen King.
vi. The sons did not have the leadership qualities of their father.
vii. Samuel had imposed his sons as judges. 7x1=mks

b) What were failures of King Saul?

i.
He performed the duties of a priest/ offered sacrifices.
ii.
He was not patient to go by God’s timing/lacked faith in God.
iii.
He has not repentant after his mistakes.
iv.He did not listen to the command of God to destroy all the loot from the Amalekites for
selfish gains.
v. He cheated Samuel that he wanted to offer the animals as sacrifice to God
vi. He listened to the voice of his subjects/army
vii. He wanted to kill David.
viii. He consulted a medium/witch.
ix. He killed the priest of the Lord. 6x2=12mks

c) How has corruption affected the society in Kenya today?

There is an increase in crime
i. The public has lost trust faith in the government
ii. There is an increase in poverty
iii. There is a high level of inflation
iv. Lack of quality services in all areas of life.
v. There is hiring/employing inefficient people
vi. It has led to disillusion/poor morale of workers
vii. It has led to strikes/riots among workers.
viii. It has created unemployment due to inability to create jobs.
ix. It has created unemployment due to inability to create jobs.
x. It has given the country a negative image globally 6x1=6mks

2. a) Describe the call of prophet Isaiah (Isaiah 6) (9mks)

i. He saw the Lord seated upon a high throne
ii. There were seraphim standing above the throne/proclaiming God’s glory.
iii. The foundation of the building shook and the house was filled with smoke.
iv. Isaiah realized that he was a sinner
v. One of the seraphim flew onto Isaiah.
vi. The seraphim had a live coal in his hand
vii. He touched Isaiah heard the voice of God asking who could be sent
viii. Isaiah’s guilt/sins were taken away/forgiven
ix. Isaiah heard the voice of God asking who could be sent
x. Isaiah was ready to be sent by God.

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 xi. He was told by God that the message he was to take to the people would be rejected.
xii. Isaiah asked God for how long he was to preach to those who would not understand the
message.
xiii. He was told that was to continue with the task until judgment fell on the people.

b) Explain Jeremiah’s teaching on the ‘New covenant’. (10mks)

i. The laws will be written in people’s hearts and not on stone tablets.
ii. The new covenant will be between an individual and God / personal
salvation/relationship.
iii. There will be individual responsibility /punishment for those who sin.
iv. The new covenant will be everlasting.
v. The new covenant will be universal.
vi. There will be forgiveness of sins/they will not be remembered
vii. There will be no mediators between God and the individual.
viii. The new covenant would be fulfilled in the coming of Jesus Christ. 5x2=10mks

c) How should a Christian respond when offered a job in a hardship area?

i. Give thanks to God for the job opportunity.
ii. One should pray about it.
iii. Should take up the challenge/accept the offer.
iv. Should carry out the mission of Jesus Christ.
v. Should work with commitment/dedication
vi. Should adhere to professional ethics
vii. Should keep the contract of service.
viii. Should take care of the family
ix. Should take care of the family.
x. Should take care of the filmily
xi. Should seek guidance on how to work /live in the hardship area
xii. Seek training in life skills.
61x =6mks)
3. a) With reference to the incidents when Jesus was dedicated to God at
the age of forty days:
i. Jesus would save people.
ii. He would bring glory to Israel.
iii. He would be a light to the gentiles.
iv. He would be a universal savior
v. He would bring judgment to the Israelites.
vi. Many people would oppose his work.
vii. He would reveal secret thoughts of people.
viii. He would be the source of redemption for Jerusalem. 6x2=12mk

b) What lessons did the disciples of Jesus learn from the miracle of feeding of five
thousand? (7mks)
i. To be concerned for the physical needs of people
ii. They should thank God.
iii. To serve others /demonstrate humility
iv. To practice obedience.
v. To praise sharing
vi. To co-operate with others.
vii. To be responsible/careful. 7x1=7mks

(c) Why do some Christians find it difficult to share their wealth with others?
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 There is selfishness/ individuals in modern society
The high costly of living has led to economic constraints
Some only share with members of their tribe/ race/ clan/ family
Denominational differences hinder the spirit of sharing
It can encourage dependence/ laziness
It is difficult to identify those who may genuinely require help/ assistance
Those receiving help may be suspicious
Those receiving the assistance may not show appreciation
They have not understood the biblical concept of sharing (1 x 6 = 6 mks)

4. (a) State the teachings of Jesus on how a Christian should approach

God in prayer
Prayer should be addressed to God the father
One should go to a secret place/ quiet place
A Christian should be specific/ precise when praying
One should have faith/ pray expectantly
On should be persistent in prayer
One should praise/ adore God when praying
One should confess his / her sins
One should forgive others while praying
One should ask for his/ her need
One should be humble when praying
One should pray for God’s will to be done
(7 x 1 = 7 mks)

(b) With reference to the day of Pentecost, outline Peter’s message on the people
He told the people that the disciples were not drunk
They were filled by the holy spirit as fulfillment of God’s prophecy
That Jesus was the son of God
God’s power was seen in the miracles, signs and wonders performed by Jesus
Jesus had been killed by the Jews because of their wickedness
God raised Jesus back to life
Jesus was a descendant of David
That Jesus ascended to heaven and is at the right hand of God
Jesus is the lord/ Christ
He called the people to repent their sins so as to be forgiven
They were to be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ
(6 x 2 = 12 mks)

(c) Qualities of an evangelist in Kenya today

Should be knowledgeable in/ conversant with God’s word
Should be obedient to God’s commandments
Have their faith / trust in Jesus
Preach the gospel/ win others to the kingdom of God
Should help the needy
Live a life of fellowship with others/ listen to others
Be exemplary/ be the salt and light of the world/ role model
Ready to suffer for Christ/ self denial
Guide and counsel others
Pray all the time
Condemn evils in the society (6 x 1 = 6 mks)
5. (a) Discuss the factors that promoted harmony and mutual responsibility in
traditional African communities ( 8 mks)
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 People participated in communal work
There was sharing of resources among members of the community
All members took part in rites of passage
There were rules/ taboos to regulate behavior
Deviant members in the community were heavily punished
Children were educated on the moral values/ social ethics/ customs/ traditions of
the community
People were educated on their responsibilities/ obligations in the society
The role of each member of the community was spelt out/ upheld/ there was
division of labour
The extended family system ensured that all members of the community were
provided for
The people had some origin/ religious beliefs/ traditions which promoted unity
There was communal worship
The community had methods of defending the members against external attacks
The community had social/ political organization which were respected by all
There was communal ownership of land
There were proper guidelines on the use/ disposal of community wealth
8 x 1 = 8 mks

(b) What changes are taking place in the property ownership in traditional
African communities
Women/ children can now own property
Wealth is longer determined by the number of wives/ children
The introduction of money economy has reduced the value attached to land
The roles of elders in sharing of property has been eroded
Land is individually owned through the issuance of title deeds
People write wills to share/ decide who should inherit their property
Property can be owned outside one’s ancestral home
Land can now be sold/ auctioned
5 x 2 = 10 mks

(c) Why is the church in Kenya opposed to the practice of wife inheritance?
It may lead to abandonment of children/ wife
It can cause jealousy/ breakage of the family
It may lead to destruction of property/ snatching/ grabbing/ property
It is dehumanizing/ oppressive to the woman/ widow
It can lead to disease/ HIV/ AIDS
It can cause embarrassment to the concerned members
It is against the Christian teaching of monogamy
It may lead to street children/ increase in crime
It can lead to mistreatment of children/ wife
It can lead to death
It can create psychological/ emotional problems
(7 x 1 = 7 mks)

6. (a) Describe the changes the Christian missionaries introduced to the African
communities in Kenya by 1945 ( 12 mks)
They introduced the Christian faith/ bible
A new class of religious specialists developed/ catechists
They introduced Western education/ people learnt how to read and write
New agricultural crops such as coffee replaced the growing of some indigenous
Crops
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 Hospitals were established where diseases were treated using European medicines/
technology
Some aspects of African religious beliefs/ practices were denounced
Church structures replaced traditional African places of worship
They introduced a particular day of worship/ Sabbath day
They paved way for colonialization
They trained Africans in various fields of specialization
They converted Africans were alienated form their families/ communities
(6 x 2 = 12 mks)

(b) What problems is the church in Kenya facing due to industrialization

Rise in family breakage
There is pollution of water/ air
It has led to individualism/ selfishness
There is an increase in social vices
It has led to exploitation of workers/ over working
There is exploitation/ destruction of land/ deforestation
It has led to division in the family
It has contributed to poor health/ sickness/ death
(6 x 1 = 6 mks)

(c) Outline the steps the church is taking to reduce poverty in Kenya today
Advocates for equitable distribution of resources
Condemns unfair treatment of workers
Supports income generating activities among its members
Initiates projects where people are employed
Establishes people on the importance of sharing resources/ communal living
Encourage self- employment
Preaches against idleness/ encourages dignity of work
Condemns deals in the society
(7 x 1 = 7 mks)

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 CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2006
MARKING SCHEME

1. (a) The visit of the Angel of the Lord to the Shepherds on the night Jesus was born.
The shepherds were looking after their flocks in the field at night
The angel appeared to them
The glory of the lord shone around them
They were filled with fear
The angle reassured them/ told them not to fear
He told them of the good news of the birth of Jesus
They were told where to find baby Jesus
The angles gave them a sign on how they would find Jesus
There appeared a host of angles singing/ praising God
The angles left them/ went back to heaven
The shepherds went to Bethlehem/ found baby Jesus (7 x 1 = 7 mks)

(b) The differences between the work of John the Baptist and that of Jesus Christ.
John the Baptist preached mainly in the wilderness/ the desert of Judah, while
Jesus preached in the synagogues/ homes cities/ towns/ temple
John the Baptist called people to repentance, while Jesus forgave/ died for
their sins
John the Baptist with water, but Jesus was baptized with the holy spirit/ fire
John the Baptist lived the life of Nazarite, while Jesus mixed freely with all
people
The emphasis of John the Baptist preaching was in the promised Messiah,
while that of Jesus was about the kingdom of God
John the Baptist’s message was direct whereas Jesus preached in parables
While John the Baptist disciples fasted, the disciples of Jesus ate and drank
John the Baptist did not perform miracles, but Jesus ministry was full of
signs/ wonders
John the Baptist was the fore runner / prepared the way while Jesus fulfilled/
was the messiah (4 x 2 = 8 mks)

(c) Lessons Christians learn about family relationships from the incident when
Jesus accompanied his parents for the Passover Festival.
Christians should obey their parents
Parents should teach their children about God
Parents should provide opportunities for their children to mix with others
Parents should love/ be concerned about their children
Family ties should about be broken/ families should live in unity
God’s work takes priority over the family
Parents should recognize their children’s talents/ abilities
There should be open communities among family members
(5 x 1 = 5 mks)

2. (a) The story of the raising of the widow’s son at Nain ( Luke 7: 11- 17)
Jesus went to the city of Nain accompanied by his disciples/ crowd
At the age of the city, he met people carrying a dead man
The dead man was the only son of the widow
The mother/ widow was accompanied by a large crowd
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 Jesus felt pity for the widow/ told her not to weep
Jesus touched the bier ( coffin) in which the body lay
Jesus told the dead man to arise
The dead man sat up/ began to speak
Jesus gave the man to his mother
The people were filled with fear
The people glorified the lord
Jesus fame spread in Judea/ in the surrounding region
8 x 1 = 8 mks

(b) How the church continues with the healing ministry of Jesus Christ
Christians pray for/ preach to the sick
Laying hands on the sick/ anointing them/ any other miraculous healing
Providing guidance and counseling services
Constructing hospitals/ health centers/ rehabilitation centers
Providing preventive/ curative drugs/ treating the sick
Paying medical expenses for the sick
Producing/ disseminating literature/ electronic media on health issues
Preaching against evil/ causes of ailments that interfere with good health
Providing food/ clothing/ shelter/ finances to the sick/ needy
Visiting the sick
Training medical personnel
Educating through seminars/ workshops
(7 x 1 = 7 mks)

(c) Lessons that Christians learn from the transfiguration of Jesus

Christians learn that Jesus is the son of God/ holy
They should be always alert
They should not be selfish/ share God’s secrets with others
It teaches that Jesus was a fulfillment of the Old Testament law/ prophesies
They should be prayerful
They learnt that Jesus is the messiah foretold by the Old Testament prophets
They should enter the presence of God with great respect/ reverence
They should learn to endure suffering
They should live with hope knowing that there is life after death
They should be slow to speak/ learn more about Christ before they speak
( 5 x 1 = 5 mks)

3. (a) Reasons why Jesus used the parable of the lost son in his teaching
To encourage sinners to accept the word of God
To show consequences of loose living
To encourage people to realize their sinfulness / be willing to repent/ reconcile
To teach about God’s love for all people/ kingdom of God is for all people
To show God’s unconditional forgiveness
To warn against judging others/ condemning them
To teach his audience the need to rejoice for/ welcome repentant sinners
He wanted to encourage families to live in harmony / unity
( 6 x 1 = 6 mks)

(b) Preparations that Jesus made for the last supper

Jesus sent Peter and John to prepare for the last supper/ Passover
He instructed two disciples to go into the city/ Jerusalem
He told them that they would meet a man in the city carrying a jar of water
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 Jesus told them that they should follow the man into the house he would enter
Once in the house, the disciples were to ask the owner/ householder to show them
the guest room
Jesus told the disciples that the householder/ owner would show them a large
furnished upper room
He instructed the disciples to prepare the room
The disciples to prepare the meal
Jesus together with his disciples sat down in the prepared room
(6 x 1 = 6 mks)

(c) Reasons that made Judas Iscariot betray Jesus

Greed for money/ material possession
It was God’s will for the fulfillment of the scriptures to be realized
Judas was unable to overcome/ conquer the power of evil/ he was tempted by
Satan (Diabalos)
He was looking for fame/ recognition
He was unhappy with Jesus activities
He was an informer of the Jewish religious leaders
He was expecting a political messiah yet Jesus was a spiritual Messiah
( 4 x 2 = 8 mks)

4. (a) Spirituals gifts taught by St. Paul in the Early church

(i) Wisdom
(ii) Knowledge
(iii) Faith
(iv) Healing
(v) Working miracles
(vi) Prophecy/ preaching
(vii) ability to distinguish between spirits/ discernment
(viii) Speaking in tongues
(ix) Interpretation of tongues
( 6 x 1 = 6 mks)

(b) How the use of the gifts of the holy spirit brought disunity in the church at Corinth
(i) The people who had the gifts of speaking in tongues despised those who did not
have
(ii) There was competition in speaking in tongues
(iii) There was no interpretation of tongues hence messages were not understood
(iv) People did not show love to one another as they used the gifts of the Holy
(v) There was disorder/ confusion in worship as people with different gifts tried to out
do one another
(vi) People did not use their gifts for the growth/ development of the church
(vii) Gifts such as prophecy/ teaching/ preaching were looked down upon
(4 x 2 = 8 mks)

(c) Contribution of women in the church in Kenya today.

(i) Women engage in preaching the gospel/ evangelism
(ii) They clean/ decorate the church
(iii) Women take care of young children in the church
(iv) They contribute money/ clothes/ food to the less fortunate/ needy
(v) They prepare meals for church leaders/ visitors/ prepare holy communion
(vi) They act as ushers in the church
(vii) Women run income generating projects/ other projects for the church
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 (viii) Women sing in church choir
(ix) They organize seminars/ workshops in the church/ guide and counsel members
(x) They are leaders in the church/ participate in choosing leaders
(xi) Women give tithes/ offering to the church
(xii) Women pray/ intercede
6 x1 = 6 mks)

5. (a) Advantages of a Monogamous Marriages

(i) It enhances intimacy/ conjugal rights in the family
(ii) It upholds dignity/ honour of the family members/ children respect their Father
(iii) Security is enhanced
(iv) Love is not divided
(v) It eases wrangles on property ownership/ inheritance
(vi) It is a covenant protected by God/ the state
(vii) Law and order prevails in the family/ there is harmony/ unity
(viii) It reduces the risk of being infected with sexually transmitted infection/ HIV and
AIDS
(ix) Providing for family needs/ resources is easier
(x) It is easier to develop mutual confidence/ trust among family members
(xi) It reduces delinquency among the children
(xii) The woman takes pride in the marriage/ is able to enjoy privileges

(b) Factors that have led to the misuse of drugs in Kenya today.
(i) Poor role models/ lack of role models
(ii) stress / depression/ rebellion (frustrations)
(iii) Peer pressure/ curiosity
(iv) Influence of mass media
(v) Availability/ cheap cost of drugs / too much wealth
(vi) Irresponsible parenthood
(vii) Lack of guidance and counseling
(viii) Corruption/ greed
(ix) Poverty
(x) Moral decay/ permissiveness in the society
(xi) Lack of knowledge/ ignorance on the use of drugs
(xii) Idleness
(xiii) Urbanization/ western culture 7 x 1 = 7 mks)
(c) Reasons why the church participates in the fight against HIV and AIDS.
(i) It is a continuation of Jesus works of healing
(ii) The church has a duty to guide and counsel/ promote moral values in the Society
(iii) To cater for the infected / affected members within the church
(iv) To conserve / preserve God’s creation
(v) It is the duty of the church to help reduce human suffering
(vi) To promote economic development
(vii) To promote peace in the family co- existence
(5 x 1 = 5 mks)

6. (a) The rights of citizens in Kenya today

(i) Rights to life/ live
(ii) Rights to have basic needs/ food/ shelter/ clothing
(iii) Right to receive education
(iv) Right to marry/ raise up a family/ belong to a family
(v) Right to have freedom of association/ assembly
(vi) Right to freedom of speech/ receive information/ expression
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 (vii) Right to own property
(viii) Freedom of worship
(ix) Right to liberty/ movement
(x) Right to work/ earn a living
(xi) Right to medical care/ health
(xii) Right to security/ protection by law
(xiii) Freedom of conscience / right to vote
7 x 1 = 7 mks)

(b) Reasons why Christians pay taxes to the government in Kenya

(i) To emulate Jesus who paid tax to the Roman authorities
(ii) To heed Jesus instructions to respect the civil authorities
(iii) Christianity pay taxes in order to receive service from the government
(iv) To provide essential services
(v) Christians pay taxes as a sign of patriotism
(vi) Christians pay taxes as a way of sharing their wealth/ resources with others
(vii) It is their duty to pay taxes to the government
(viii) To enable the government to meet its financial obligations
5 x 1 = 5 mks)

(c)How the church is helping to reduce the rate of crime in Kenya

(i) Providing guidance and counseling
(ii) Preaching about love for one another in the society
(iii)Rehabilitating law breakers
(iv) Providing jobs/ offering training opportunities to the people
(v) Giving loans to people to start/ run business
(vi) Providing recreational facilities/ organizing recreational activities for the youth
(vii) Reporting criminals to the law enforcement authorities
(viii) Disciplining deviant members of the church
(ix) Participating in government programmes established to fight crime ( e.g. community
policing)
(x) Obeying the laws of the country/ being role models
(xi) Praying for peace/ harmony
(xii) Teaching responsible parenthood
(xiii) Providing basic needs for the needy
(xiv) Condemning evil practices in the society/ teaching against crime.

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 CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2007
MARKING SCHEME

1. (a)
• He would be a source of joy to the parents
• Many people would rejoice at his birth
• He would be great in the sight of the Lord
• He was not to take strong drink/wine
• He was to be filled with the Holy Spirit from his mother’s womb
• Many Israelites would turn to God through him
• He would have the spirit of Elijah/power
• He was to prepare the people for the Lord/call people to repentance
• He would turn the fathers hearts to children / bring reconciliation
(6 x 11 = 6 mks)
(b)
• His father was a poor carpenter
• His mother was an ordinary village girl
• He was born in a manger/cattle shed
• He was born in a small town of Judah/Bethlehem
• The first people to visit him were shepherds who were lowly regarded.
• He was revealed to Simeon and Anna who were simple
• During his dedication the parents offered birds
• He grew up in Nazareth / town of low status
(4 x 2 = 8 mks)
(c)
• They are made in the image of God
• To follow the example of Christ who went to the Synagogue/Temple
• To prepare them for future roles as leaders
• To teach them religious beliefs/practices
• To lay foundation of Christian morals at an early age
• Jesus taught that the Kingdom belongs to them/He appreciated/blessed children
• For the continued growth of the Church
• To help develop/improve their talents
• To give them an opportunity to socialize with others
• To help them spend their leisure positively
(6 x 1 = 6 mks)
2. (a)
• Jesus was led into the wilderness he stayed for forty days
• He ate nothing and therefore he felt hungry
• The devil asked him to command a stone to become bread if he was the son of God.
• Jesus told him that man could not live by bread alone
• The devil took Jesus up and showed him the kingdoms of the world and asked him to
worship him, so that he could give him everything.
• Jesus told the devil that only God along is to be worship
• The devil took Jesus to the pinnacle of the temple and asked him to throw himself down for
God would command angels to guard him.
• Jesus told the devil that one should not tempt God (4 x 2= 8 mks)
(b)
• They should be knowledgeable in scriptures/biblical verses
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• They should resist the devil
• Temptations are part and parcel of Christian life
• They should have faith in God
• They should worship God along
• They should not put God to test
• They should desire to have the Holy Spirit
• They should not misuse the power of the Holy Spirit
• They should be content with what they have
• Fasting is important in their lives (5 x 1 = 5mks)

(c)
• They are sometimes not fully accepted/integrated/discriminated against
• The older Christians may not serve as role models
• They ma not be involved in activities/not given responsibilities
• They are tempted to backslide to previous lifestyle
• Older Christians expect them to change faster than they can
• Some experience problems of communication/language barrier
• They may lack Christian literature to strengthen their faith
• In large churches, they get lost in the crowd/not identified/not recognized
• The financial demands of the church may be too much for them
• Lack of assistance/concern when a new member is in need.
• Some get frustrated when their expectations are not met
• They are given /assigned duties which they can’t manage
• They maybe rebuked/embarrassed in public when suspected to be in wrong
(7 x 1 = 7 mks)

3. (a)
• Jesus told the disciples to pray
• Jesus moved a distance away from the disciples
• Jesus knelt down and prayed
• An angel from heave strengthened him
• The disciples fell asleep
• Jesus awoke the disciples
• There came a crowd led by Judas one of his twelve disciples
• Judas wanted to kiss Jesus
• One of the disciples struck off a slave’s ear
• Jesus healed the man’s ear
• Jesus asked the religious leaders why they had come to arrest him as if he was a criminal
(7 x 1 = 7 mks)
(b)
• Peter was afraid of being arrested/killed
• He was overcome by the devil/satan
• The denial had been predicted by Jesus
• Peter was confused by the turn of events
• He was disappointed by the fact that Jesus did not fight back
• He lacked faith in Jesus
• He had not support /solidarity with other disciples (4 x 2 =8mks)
(c)
• Through the death of Jesus Christians are forgiven their sins
• Christians are not supposed to make animal sacrifices to God
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• It demonstrates God’s love for human beings
• Christians have a personal relationship with God
• Christians are able to commit themselves to the will of God.
• It enables Christians to face death with courage
• Through his death, salvation/eternal life is availed to all people
• He has become their everlasting high priest by offering his own body
(5 x 1 =5mks)

4. (a)
• Jesus and the disciples arrived at the land of Gerasene
• They met a man who has demon possessed and lived among the tombs
• The man fall down and told Jesus not to torment him
• This is because Jesus had commanded the unclean spirit out of the man
• Jesus asked the man his name
• The man replied that his name was legion which meant many demons
• The demons begged Jesus not to let them go into the abyss but into the swine that were
near by.
• Jesus commanded the demons to go into the swine
• The swine rushed and drowned in a nearby lake
• The herdsmen then fled and went to tell people in the city concerning what had happened.
• People came and found the man sitting at the feet of Jesus, healed, dressed and in his right
hand.
• The people got afraid of Jesus and asked him to leave their territory
• The healed man asked Jesus whether he could accompany him
• Jesus told him to go and tell others what God had done for him.
• The man went through the town proclaiming the good news about Jesus
(8 x 1= 8 mks)

(b)
• Through a sound from heaven
• Like a mighty rushing wind
• As tongues of fire resting on each disciple
• By the disciples being able to speak in different languages
• By Peter becoming courageous to preach
• By many people being convicted of their sins
• By many people repenting their wrongdoing (3 x 2= 6 mks)

(c)
• People demand favours/payment for performing miracles
• People claim to be under the influence of the Holy Spirit when they are not
• There is too much emphasis on speaking in tongues a the expense of other gifts
• Those who have the gifts of the Holy Spirit are proud/boastful/look down upon others
• People misinterpret the Bible /confuse others while claiming to be under the influence
of the Holy Spirit.
• Individuals cause divisions/splinter groups in the church claiming that the Holy Spirit
has inspired them to start new churches/ministries
• Sometimes gifts of the Holy Spirit are expressed in a disorderly manner in the church
• People use the gifts for self glorification
• People speak in tongues without an interpreter hence creating misunderstanding
• People use the gifts to instill fear/intimidate others (6 x 1= 6 mks)

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5. (a)
• Marriage should be between a man and a woman
• Marriage should be monogamous
• Husband and wife should be complementary/help each other
• The husband should love the wife.
• Marriage should be for companionship
• Husband and wife should be faithful to each other
• Conjugal rights should be enjoyed in marriage/sex should only be for married couples
• The wife should submit to the husband
• Husband and wife should respect/cherish each other
• Marriage is permanent/it is a commitment / no divorce
• Marriage is God’s plan for human beings / it was instituted by God
• The husband and wife should cleave to each other/become one/one flesh
• Marriage provides for procreation/multiplication (6 x 1= 6 months)

(b)
• Preaching to/teaching people to have fair dealing with one another
• Living exemplary lives/role models
• Encouraging the government/leaders to uphold the rule of law
• Carrying our civic education for the citizens to know their rights and duties
• Condemning acts of unfairness in society
• Helping in the rehabilitation of the lawbreakers/offering guidance and counseling services
• Praying for people to practice justice
• Participating in law/constitutional making process
• Assisting the needy to get job/offering them jobs
• Asking those who have wrongly acquired wealth to return it/pay back
• Using mass media to promote justice (7 x 1 = 7 mks)

(c)
• The law of God forbids killing
• Death sentence is irreversible in case an innocent person is killed
• Life is sacred/belongs to God
• Killing does not reform the offender
• The offender’s right as human being is undermined as he/she is used as a means to
deter others
• It is against God’s principle of forgiveness
• It undermines Christian virtue of love
• The victim’s dependants/family are denied a chance to be with their loved one
• It can be misused by those in power to instill fear/discourage opposing views/eliminate
others (5 x 1 = 5 mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2005

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 MARKING SCHEME
1. (a)
She was highly favoured among women.
She will bring forth a son/will be named Jesus.
He will be called the son of the most highest/son of God/will be great.
He will be given the throne of his father David.
He will reign over the house of Jacob for ever.
The kingdom will be everlasting.
The Holy Spirit would come upon her.
The child to be born would be holy.
That Elizabeth her cousin had also conceived in her old age.
With God, nothing will be impossible. (6x1=6 mks)

(b)
God is a saviour because he remembers the lowly.
God is mighty for he scatters the proud/does great things.
God is holy/holy is his name.
God is merciful to those who fear him from generation to generation.
God is caring/protecting because he exalts the humble.
He is a provider/sustainer because he fills the hungry.
He is faithful because he keeps his promises.
He is kind/helper to his servant Israel. (4x2=8 mks)
(c)
He was obedient.
He was courageous.
He was knowledgeable/intelligent/wise.
He was respectful.
He was cooperative.
He was patient.
He was honest.
He was assertive/independent/making independent decisions.
He was social/outgoing.
He was inquisitive . (6x1=6 mks)

2. (a)
All the people had been baptised by John.
Jesus was also baptized.
Jesus then started praying.
The heaven opened.
The Holy Spirit descended upon Jesus in a bodily form as a dove.
Then a voice came from heaven.
Then it said, ‘thou art my beloved son with thee am well pleased. (5x1=5 mks)

(b)
He told the people to repent and be baptised for forgiveness of their sins/he asked
people to prepare the way for the Lord.
He told them to be faithful/obedient to God and not to pride in Abraham as their
ancestor.
He warned them of God’s punishment on sin.
He encouraged the rich to share with the needy.
He told the tax collectors not to steal/be honest.
He told the soldiers to be contented with their wages/stop greed.

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 He told the soldiers to stop robbing/accusing people falsely/should be truthful.
He told them that the messiah who was to come after him was mightier/He
was unworthy to untie his sandals.
The Messiah would baptize the people with fire and the Holy Spirit.
The Messiah would separate the good from the evil/the evil would be punished.
He condemned Herod for his adulterous life/marrying his brother’s wife.
(4x2=8 mks)
(c)
They lack faith in God’s word.
Divisions along tribal/racial/denominational lines affect unity among Christians.
Clinging to the past/inability to abandon the old/previous life style.
Negative attitude by the rich towards the needy/poor.
The influence of the mass media/moral decadency in society.
Some Christians lack what to share with others/poverty.
There is rampant corruption in the society.
The emergence of cult leaders/false prophets in the society/lack of role models.
Some Christians lead hypocritical life.
Peer pressure. (7x1=7 mks)

3. (a)
Jesus sat with his disciples at one table.
He told them that he had desired to have the meal with them.
He took the cup, gave thanks and asked the disciples to share.
He also took bread, gave thanks, broke it and gave to them.
He explained to them the meaning of the bread and wine/the bread was his body/the
wine was his blood that would seal the new covenant.
He commanded the disciples to hold the ritual in memory of him.
He informed them that he would be betrayed by one of them.
He taught the disciples qualities of good leadership/humility/service to others.
He told Simon that he would be tested by Satan/He told him that he had already
prayed for him.
He asked Simon/Peter to strengthen others in their faith.
Jesus told Peter that he would deny him three times before the cock crowed.
He commanded the disciples to acquire swords/have their own provisions/ personal
belongings. (7x1=7 mks)
(b)
They should be prayerful.
They should put God’s will first/desire God’s will to be done in their lives.
They should depend on God for strength/support/guidance.
They should encourage others in their weaknesses.
They should be ready to suffer for God’s sake.
They should be watchful/alert for the enemy strikes when they least expect it.
They need to have close friends/associates that they can lean on. (5x1=5 mks)

(c)
The message was first taken to them by women who were regarded as lowly in society.
hence it seemed an idle talk.
They had witnessed the helplessness of Jesus at the time of crucifixion, hence had lost
hope in him.
They had witnessed the burial/could not imagine how the stone could be rolled away
from the tomb.
They felt ashamed for having denied/betrayed him, hence wished that it was not true.
They had not understood the teaching of Jesus which indicated that he would resurrect
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 on the third day.
It was a new experience they had never seen/heard of people coming to life after death
on their own.
They lacked faith in the teachings of Christ.
They expected a political messiah who was to die in dignity/would not resurrect.
(4x2=8 mks)
4. (a)
Love
Joy
Peace
Kindness
Goodness
Self control
Gentleness
Patience
Faithfulness (5x1=5 mks)
(b)
God is the vine dresser/Jesus is the true vine.
The followers of Jesus/the Christians are the branches.
Christians are related to God through Jesus.
The unfaithful Christians are the unfruitful branches which are cut away/destroyed.
The faithful Christians/fruitful branches are pruned so as to produce more fruit.
Christians can only bear fruits/do good things if they remain united to Christ.
Through Christ all Christians are joined to one another.
Christians should rely on God for all providence.
Love is passed on to the Christians from God through Christ.
Christians should observe/keep God’s commandments. (4x2=8 mks)
(c)
Treat each other with love.
Avoid discriminations/segregations/tribalism in the church.
Preach/teach the word of God/Bible truths to believers.
Assist those in problems/poor/the less fortunate/the needy.
Practise humility/avoid arrogance.
Openly discuss issues affecting the church/respect the opinions of other people.
Pray for one another/problems affecting the church.
Practise transparent leadership styles.
Give financial reports within acceptable period of time.
Follow the church doctrines/constitutions/manuals/educate members on church
procedures.
Repent/ask for forgiveness whenever they are wrong/accept their mistakes.
Preparing a budget annually/seasonally/ensuring that the resources are well utilized.
Guidance and counselling. (7x1=7 mks)

5. (a)
High population whereby there are too many people for the available job opportunities.
Lack of money to start individual businesses/unavailability of finances.
Some people lack skills which make them not to be absorbed in the job mket.
Rural-urban migration:- many people are congested in towns where job opportunities
are limited.
Foreign aid:- dependence on foreign aid causes the donors to give conditions of
employment, that is lean service.
Selfishness/greed:- some Kenyans have more than two jobs, while others lack.
Education system:- many Kenyans prefer white collar jobs after school and because of
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 stiff competition for available spaces, many remain unemployed.
Negative attitude towards work:- some Kenyans lack the initiative to do or participate
in
economic activities/just idle around.
Unequal distribution of wealth: Some regions have more resources that create
employment than others.
New technological advances that has led to retrenchment.
Bribery/corruption is a social evil that denies jobs to those qualified in preference to the
less qualified.
Insecurity/increase in crime discourages local and international investors.
(4x2=8 mks)
(b)
Lack of respect to the employer by employees.
Employees not given time for leisure/leave.
Poor working conditions/environment.
When the employees do not receive wages/not paid in time.
When employers fail to consider the welfare of employees/allowances.
When employees fail to accomplish tasks within the expected time/poor time
management.
When employees are not allowed to join trade unions.
Unequal chances of promotion/discrimination by the employer/lack of promotion.
Poor/low remuneration.
Sexual harassment by the employer.
Differences in religious affiliation between employer and employees.
Racial/tribal/ethnic differences may bring conflict.
Misuse/destruction of property by the employee.
Divulging of secrets of the employer/organization. (8x1=8 mks)

(c)
Not to take part in the strike.
Encourage other people to find better means of solving the problem.
To inform the authority of any grievances if they are not aware/mediate.
To pray for a solution to the problem/seek God’s guidance for a solution to
the problem.
Should not take part in a violent demonstration/encourage peaceful demonstration.
To report the matter to the nearest police station. (4x1=4 mks)

6. (a)
Laws safeguard people’s rights/citizen’s rights.
People’s property is protected under the law.
They protect the consumer from exploitation.
It allows/provides for economic development/growth.
Individuals are able to enjoy the freedom of worship.
The law acts as a check/measure of those in authority.
The law outlines how foreigners should be handled.
They control taxation/collection of revenue.
It enables the government to protect its citizens against oppression.
The law determines the type of punitive measures for a crime done/prevents crime.
It ensures political stability in a country/nation (order/peace/love/unity).
It outlines the relationship between different nations/countries. (6x1=6 mks)

(b)
Some legislators/parliamentarians do not observe the law thus serving as wrong
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 role models.
There is a lot of unfairness/injustice when settling cases because of tribalism/ nepotism/
religious affiliation/gender.
Intimidation/people in high offices use their power to influence certain decisions
regarding law breaking.
Economic inability makes the poor to resort to lawlessness to meet their needs/unequal
distribution of resources.
Availability of dangerous weapons/guns in the wrong hands leads to
insecurity/terrorism.
There are a few resources to cater for the ever growing population, thus leading to
overcrowding/competition that overwhelms the established machinery.
People lack interest/do not care about others, hence do not report cases of
lawlessness/permissiveness in society/drug abuse.
Bribery/corruption has destroyed the credibility of the government officials.
People have lost respect/trust for government machinery/have resigned to a life of
hopelessness/fear of victimization.
Interference from the civil society/human rights groups/activitists who oppose
government initiatives in maintenance of law and order.
Inadequate modern technology hampers maintenance of the law.
Inadequate skilled personnel to handle issues to do with law breaking.
People are not conversant with the laws of the country.
Greed for power/wealth. Some people can go to any extent to acquire wealth even if it
means breaking the law. (8x1=8 mks)

(c)
Praying for them.
Visiting them so that they can feel wanted in society/invite them to their homes.
Preaching the good news of salvation to them.
Showing them care/concern.
Welcoming them into church.
Providing them with financial needs (food/shelter/clothing/medication).
Offering guidance and counselling to help them to reform.
Involving them in community/church activities.
By helping them to become self reliant by giving them jobs/survival skills.
Listening to them/help them to resolve their problems.
Counselling their families to accept/forgive them. (6x1=6 mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

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 K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2009
MARKING SCHEME

1 a) The message of Prophet Isaiah messiah (Luke 1: 26-36)

i. The messiah would be a descendant of David/rule of the throne of David
ii. The messiah will rule forever
iii. He would be despised /rejected by many/a man of sorrow/suffering servant
iv. He would be born of a young woman/virgin
v. Messianic reign/rule will bring happiness/joy to the Israelites
vi. He would be wounded for people’s transgressions/would suffer for sins of human beings
vii. Peace /prosperity will prevail during the messianic reign
viii. He will be called wonderful/counselor/mighty god/Everlasting Father/Prince of
peace/anointed/God Immanuel.
ix. He will rule with justice/ righteousness
x. He would have characteristics of normal human being/child
xi. His suffering through the will God/it will be initiated by God.
(4 x2 =8mks)
b) The activities that took place when Jesus was born (Luke 2:6-20)
i. Mary, the mother of baby Jesus wrapped him in swaddling clothes.
ii. She laid him in a manger
iii. Angle of the Lord appeared singing the praise of God
iv. A multitude of angles appeared singing the praise of God.
v. The shepherds hurried to see the baby
vi. The shepherds spread the news to many people
vii. The shepherd sung/praises God after they had seen baby Jesus
viii. The shepherds retuned to their homes/work.
(6x1 =6 mks)
c) The importance of singing in Christian Service
i. It is an opportunity to praise/adore God
ii. Christians pass messages/pray through singing
iii. Singing creates a atmosphere of worshippers relax
iv. Singing creates an atmosphere of worship
v. The singing removes boredom because of the varied activities during the service
vi. God given talents are portrayed/enhanced during singing.
vii. Non members are attracted to church through singing
viii. Those who feel depressed era encouraged through singing
ix. Singing unites/brings worshippers together as they all join in chorus/song.
(9x1= 6 mks)

2 (a) A description of when Jesus was rejected at Nazareth (Luke 4: 16-30)

i. Jesus came to Nazareth where he was brought up.
ii. He went to the synagogue as he usually did on the Sabbath day
iii. He was given book of prophet Isaiah when he stood up to read.
iv. He opened the book, found the place that was written about him and read it to the people.
v. After reading he closed the book and gave it to the attendant and sat down

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 vi. Everybody in the synagogue looked at him
vii. He told them that the scripture he has read was fulfilled in their hearing
viii. All people were happy with what he had spoken
ix. People wondered a loud saying “is this not Joseph’s son
x. Jesus told them that they would ask him to do in his own country things he had done in
Capernaum/he told them that a prophet is not accepted in his own country things .
xi. He told them that there were many widows in Israel during the time of Elijah but God sent
the prophet to a widow in Zarephath/God only healed Naaman the Syrian of leprosy during the
time of Prophet Elisha.
xii. They were filled with anger/wanted to throw him head long the cliff
xiii. Jesus passed through their midst and went away.
(7x1= 7 mks)
(b) Reasons why Jesus faced opposition from the Pharisees in Galilee Luke 5: 12, 6: 11
i.Jesus touched a man with leprosy which was against the Jewish law
ii.He forgave sins which the Pharisees knew only god could do/healed the paralyzed man.
iii.He mixed/ate with the tax collectors who were known to be sinners
iv.Jesus made it clear to them that he had not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance.
v.His disciples did not fast, like those of the John the Baptist which annoyed the Pharisees
vi.He challenged them to move from the old traditional orders to the new ones which he had
brought
vii.The disciples of Jesus plucked and ate grains on the Sabbath day which was unlawful/he healed
a man with a withered hand on a Sabbath
(4x2= 8 mks)
(c) 5 ways in which church leaders can respond to those who oppose the ion
their work
i. Find out the causes/reasons for the opposition
ii. The church leader should pray for/with them
iii. Explain to them the Gospel truth in a humble manner/guide and counsel them
iv. Seek reconciliation through third party/another person
v. Involve them in decision making/church activities
vi. Recognize there efforts in supporting the church maters
vii. Visit them in there homes/fellowship with them /preaching
viii. Assist them when in problem. (financial/materially)
ix. Send them message of encouragement
x. Change your approach to issue/reform where necessary.
(5x1=5)
3 (a) The teaching that Jesus made to the guests at the Pharisees house in
(Luke 14: 1-14)
i. Saving a life can be done on a Sabbath day
ii. It well to respond to an emergency even on a Sabbath
iii. Human life is more important than the animal which the Pharisees accept to rescue on the
Sabbath day.
iv. It is good for to humble him/sit in lowly place when invited
v. Those who exalt themselves will be humbled those who humble themselves will be exalted.
vi. It is blessed to invite the poor/maimed/lame /blind tot the feast instead if ones
relatives/friends who can invite you in return
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 vii. Those who do good for the less fortunate will be repaid during the resurrection of the just.
(5x1=5 mks)
b) Reasons why Jesus used the parable of the great feast in his teaching in
(Luke 14: 15-24)
i. He wanted to explain that invitation to god’s Kingdom is open to many people.
ii. He wanted to show that the Jews were given the first chance to be part of god’s Kingdom
but they rejected.
iii. He wanted to show that people reject god’s call due to material possession/family
commitment which can be a stumbling block ones spiritual life.
iv. He wanted to show that gentiles/outcasts are called to God ‘s Kingdom to replace the non
responding Jews.
v. He needed to explain that the God’s invitation/call are extended to many people/god offers
universal salvation.
vi. So as to explain that those who refuse/do not accept god’ call will not receive blessing of
god’s Kingdom/will not enter the kingdom of god.
vii. He wanted to challenge the Jews /Pharisees who counted themselves as righteous yet they
failed to respond to God’s call.
(4x2=8 mks)
(c) Reasons why Christians take part in the Lord ’s Supper.
i. Through it, they remember the death of Jesus as a sacrifice for the forgiveness of sin.
ii. The ceremony is a form of tanking for god’s love/redemption plan
iii. It is time that Christians reaffirm/renew their faith tin God/bind themselves in the covenant
iv. It gives Christians an opportunity to repent/ask for forgiveness of sin
v. It unites the believers/they fellowship/share with one another
vi. The partakers experience the presence of God through the sharing of the bread and wine
which represent his body and blood respectively
vii. It is a sign of obedience to Christ who commanded the disciples to do it in his memory
viii. Through the Christians participate the 2nd coming of Jesus Christ
ix. It is a foretaste of the heavily banquet/heavenly feast which Jesus promised his disciples.

4. (a) reasons why Jesus sent the Holy spirit to the disciples after his ascension
i. The Holy Spirit would comfort the disciples
ii. He was to council the disciples
iii. He would guide the disciples on what is right/god’s righteousness
iv. He was to convict people of their sins
v. He to the disciples on what is right/God’s righteousness
vi. He was to convict people of their sins
vii. He was to reveal the future/enable the disciples to prophets/God’s will
viii. He would glorify Jesus through the work of the disciples
ix. He would enable the disciples to witness Christ throughout the world.
x. He would replace the physical presence of Jesus/stay with the disciple forever
xi. He would empower the disciples to be able to speak with courage/confidence/authority.
(7x1=7 mks)

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(b) Teaching of Saint Paul on the similarities between the church and husband-wife
relationship in Ephesians 5: 21-32
i. Members of the church learn to live together in harmony /unity just like a husband and
wife.
ii. There is a chain of authority in, marriage where the head of family in the same way Christ
is the head of church.
iii. Just as Christ sacrificially loves the church, husband should love wives
iv. The union between a husband and wife is meant to last forever, so Christians are called
upon to maintain steadfast faithfulness to Christ unit eternity
v. Christians are called to submit to Christ just as a wife submits to her husband.
vi. Just as a husband and wife become one flesh, so Christians are supposed to be united/cling
to Christ.
vii. Just as Christ nourished/cherishes the church, husbands should care for there wives.
(4x2= 8 mks)
(c)Ways in which Christians identify those who posse the gift of the Holy Spirit.
i. By listening to there confession. They should confess Jesus as Lord.
ii. By analyzing the kind of teaching they profess. The teaching should be about Jesus
Christ/Christian doctrine
iii. By examining there life so ass to know whether they posses/show the fruit of Holy Spirit .
(Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, self control, goodness, faithfulness/gentleness.)
iv. By observing their behavior . The behaviour should not contradict the teaching of Jesus
Christ/ be role models
v. When the Christians notice the victorious life of such people over temptations/works of the
flesh.
vi. If such persons do not use the gift of the Holy spirit for selfish gains/enrich themselves
vii. When such believers given glory to God/Jesus after serving performing miracles.
5. (a) Christ teaching on work.
i. Work is ordained from God/ command from God
ii. Human beings should work to subdue/conquer the earth
iii. Work is good/god himself worked
iv. God blesses a hard worker/worked
v. God blesses a hard worker/worker/work is rewarded
vi. Christians should work to acquire basic need/necessities
vii. Christians should work to assist these who are needy/less fortunate
viii. Christian work as a co-creator with God.
ix. People should work to emulate Jesus who was a worker/carpenter
x. Work became a curse/unpleasant after human being fell into sin
xi. Christians should not overwork/ enslave others
xii. Those who work should get a just wage
xiii. People should take rest
xiv. People should take rest
xv. People should work faithfully/diligently
xvi. Work should be done in an orderly manner.
(8x1= 8 mks)

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 b) The role of professional ethics in work place.
i. They guide the workers on how to relate with one another
ii. They define how worker should handle/relate with there clients
iii. They help to create healthy interaction between the workers/employees and their
supervisors/authority.
iv. They help in maintaining the standards of the service offered/goods produced in a work
place
v. The determine how one should perform his/her duties/keep up the date with the demands of
the profession
vi. They help to maintain dignity of the profession/ integrity of the workers
vii. They help the public to respect the professional from undue pressures from other interested
parties.
viii. They help to determine the entry requirement/qualifications needed in a given profession.
(3x2=6 mks)
c) Ways in which the church is helping to reduce the rate of unemployment in Kenya
today.
i. The church encourages people to start income generating activities
ii. The church provides loans to the unemployed to start small scale business
iii. The church creates job opportunities through establishing church projects.
iv. It teaches the youth about the dignity of manual work/encourage the youth to participate in
agriculture/technical fields.
v. It organizes seminars for the youth/unemployment on how to utilize their potentials
vi. It condemns corrupt practices which interfere with the recruitment/economic growth.
vii. It encourages its members to pay taxes promptly so that the government can have the resources
to employ/pay the workers
viii. It trains/sponsors the youths on vocational skills that are necessary for employment /self
employment.
ix. The church tries to be fair when recruiting people for various jobs.
(6x 1 = 6 mks)
6 (a) The negative effects of the introduction of money economy on
traditional African communities.
i.It has led to introduction of wage labour instead of communal working that existed
ii.It led to migration to town as people search for better paying jobs, destroying the closely knit
traditional way of life.
iii.It has led to the formation of Sio-Economic classes among the people/rich versus poor thus
creating suspicion/insecurity.
iv.It has created individualism which has destroyed the communal way of living /extended family
relationship.
v.It has led to vices like bribery/corruption/exploitation which have replaced honesty/fairness in
traditional African setting.
vi.The dependency on no money has led to social evils like prostitution, immorality which has
destroyed the traditional concept of marriage /value of sex.
vii.It has led to private ownership of land /land can be bought by those with money one hence
destroying the traditional land ownership.
viii.Dowry has been commercialized thus destroying the traditional African meaning of showing
appreciation of the family of the bride /girl
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 ix.The type of education one receives is now determined by the amount of money one has unlike
in the traditional set up where the elders passed on education to all without being paid.
x.Due to the introduction of money economy modern means of transport have been acquired
which has led to accidents/pollution of the environment.
xi.Age is no longer a determinant of social status /a rich young man maybe respected by an elder
who is not economically stable.
4x2=8 mks)
(b) Teaching of Jesus on wealth
i. wealth should be acquired in the right manner
ii. wealth a gift from god/god given
iii. Wealth should be used to serve God/expand God’s Kingdom
iv. Those who have wealth are only stewards
v. Those who have wealth should share it with others/help the needy/poor
vi. Poverty is not a result of sin/the poor can only enjoy God’s blessing
vii. Wealth can be hindrance for one to enter in the Kingdom of God
viii. One cannot serve God and mammon/wealth
ix. Wealth cannot satisfy all human needs/cannot answer human quest for salvation.
x. Those who have wealth should avoid extravagance/prodigality/luxury
xi. Earth wealth/possession is temporary
xii. Those who have wealth should use it responsibly. (6x1= 6 mks)
c) Reasons why Christians should involve themselves in gambling
i. Gambling enables one to get money/wealth without working for it
ii. In gambling one’s gain leads to another person loss
iii. It creates bitterness in the one who losses
iv. The bible condemns gambling/unfair interests
v. It involves taking advantage of the ignorant players
vi. There is no security on the wealth/money one put in gambling
vii. It is addictive/can become a compulsive habit
viii. It can interfere with family budget/priorities/ can bring misunderstanding in the
family/friends.
ix. It can lead to violence/loss of life
x. It can lead to stress/illness
xi. It shows lack of trust/ dependence upon God
xii. It can lead poverty, time wasting at the expense of productive work. (6x1=6 mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2010
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) The historical Books of the Old Testament.

i) Joshua
ii) Judges
iii) Ruth
iv) First Samuel
v) Second Samuel
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 vi) First Kings
vii) Second Kings
viii) First Chronicles
ix) Second Chronicles
x) Ezra
xi) Nehemiah
xii) Esther

b) Reasons why the bible is referred to a library.

i) It contains many books.
ii) The books were written by different authors
iii) It has different categories of books/division
iv) The books are written in different styles/forms
v) The books in the bible were written at different times/situation/background
vi) The books in the Bible address different issues/topics/purpose
vii) The books were written for different audience/readers
viii) The books are systematically arranged /order/chronological.
ix) Ref. book 4 theology

c) Occasions when Christians use the Bible

i) When preaching the word of God (crusade/church sermons)
ii) When in court
iii) When instructing new converts/conducting Bible study
iv) During different Christian religious ceremonies/festivals
v) When teaching Christian Religious Education
vi) When composing songs/plays/Christian literature
vii) During fellowships/prayers/guidance/counselling
viii) During a swearing in ceremony

2. a) Ways in which God demonstrated His concern for the Israelites during the Exodus.
i) He made a passage from them in the Red Sea.
ii) He provided them with manna.
iii) He provided them with quails.
iv) He provided them with water from the stone/rock/asked Moses to purify
the bitter water.
v) He gave the Ten Commandments
vi) He defeated their enemies the Egyptians/Amelekites/protect them against change.
vii) He provided a cloud to lead them during the day.
viii) He provided a pillar of fire to lead them in the darkness.
ix) Provided them leaders.

b) Ways in which the Israelites worshipped God when they were in the wilderness.
i) They built alters
ii) They offered sacrifices
iii) They sang songs/danced
iv) They said prayers
v) They held festivals
vi) They gave offerings/tithes
vii) They constructed/sacred places of worship/tabernacle/tent of meeting
viii) They observed the Sabbath day
ix) They burnt incense/burnt offerings.

c) The challenges that Christians face while practicing their faith in Kenya today.
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 i) The emergence of splinter groups within the church.
ii) The emergence of cults which practice ungodly activities.
iii) The emphasis of materialism by the churches.
iv) Lack of roles models among the leaders.
v) Open conflict among/between the leaders and the church members/authoritarianism.
vi) Misuse of resources by the leaders.
vii) Rise of state-church conflict e.g No/Yes situation.
viii) Confusion among Christians due to different interpretation of the Bible.
ix) Church leaders not having time for all members/discrimination.
x) Negative effects of mass media/modern technology
xi) Permissiveness/moral decadence/during abuse

3. a) The commandments that King Ahab and Queen Jezebel broke from the story
of Naboth’svineyard.
i) They broke the commandments of not to kill when they planned for the stoning of
Naboth.
ii) When they worshipped idols, they broke the rule of not worshipping other gods.
iii) They broke the commandments of not coveting a neighbour’s property when they
wanted Naboth’s vineyard.
iv) The commandments of not stealing was broken when they took Naboth’s vineyard.
v) The commandments of not to cheat/bear false witness was broken when they planned
instituting for false witness against Naboth.
vi) They used the name of God in vain when they said that Naboth had blasphemed God.

b) Forms of punishment prophesied by Elijah to King Ahab and Jezebel.

i) Death of King Ahab would be in the same place/valley of Jezebel like Naboth.
ii) Evil would be upon Ahab
iii) God was to take away the prosperity of Ahab/his rule would come to an end.
iv) Dogs would lick the blood of Ahab
v) All the male children free/slaves would be cut off.
vi) The lineage of Ahab would be wiped out.
vii) The dogs would eat anybody who belongs to the family of Ahab who died in the city.
viii) The birds of the air would eat all who die in the field.
ix) The dogs will eat the body of Jezebel.

c) Reasons why killings was condemned in traditional African communities.

i) Life is sacred and therefore should not be destroyed by anybody.
ii) It brings hatred/revenge/ill-feeling among members of the community.
iii) It destroys continuity of the family/community
iv) It brings poverty/denies one the chance to take part in the community development.
v) It breeds suspicion/fear/anxiety.
vi) It destroys harmony/undermines good relationships in the community.
vii) It creates sadness/misery/sorrow to the relatives/community
viii) To avoid being banished/ex-communicated by the community.
ix) Avoid curses/being haunted

4. a) Characteristics of true prophets in the Old Testament

i) They were called by God.
ii) They received revelation from God through dreams/visions/direct command/familiar
objects
iii) They were obedient
iv) They faced opposition/rejection from the people because of their uncompromising
attitude.
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 v) They commanded God’s message to the people.
vi) The prophets spoke with authority/were fearless.
vii) They acknowledged one God who was universal/monotheism
viii) They understood the nature of the prophesies.
ix) They preached about God’s judgment for sin/hope for restoration.
x) Their prophesies were fulfilled.
xi) They did not prophesy for material gains
xii) They lead holy lives.

b) Ways in which the rich oppressed the poor during the times of prophet Amos.
i) The rich took people’s garment in pledge.
ii) The poor were robbed of their food/gains/belongings
iii) Merchants overcharged the poor when selling them anything.
iv) The poor were sold for a piece of silver/air of shoes as they were considered
useless.
v) The goods sold to the poor were unfit for human use/consumption/expired.
vi) The poor were cheated in business deals as the rich used faulty scales/measures
vii) The poor were sold into slavery when they were unable to pay their debts to the
rich.
viii) The poor were denied justice in the law courts because they could not bribe the
judges.
ix) The cases taken to the courts by the poor were thrown out/not listened to.

c) Reasons why Christians find it difficult to help the needy in Kenya today.
i) There are too many needy cases.
ii) Tribal/ethnic feelings may hinder one from giving assistance to the needy.
iii) Political leaning/affiliations influence Christians against helping those who do not
belong to their camp.
iv) Lack of what to share/inadequacy
v) Indifferences of some Christians to the light of the needy.
vi) Denominational differences where some Christians are not ready share with those
who do not belong to their group.
vii) Poor communication/infrastructure in some parts of the country that make impossible
to reach the needy.
viii) It is difficult to identify the genuine needy cases.
ix) Misappropriation of resources meant for assisting the needy discourages Christian
from contributing.

5. a) Reasons why Jeremiah was not willing to accept the call of God to become a prophet.
i) He felt that he was too young/was inexperienced as a prophet.
ii) He did not have the message to the people.
iii) He lacked confidence/courage
iv) He did not know how to speak/not a good speaker.
v) He was afraid of confronting/talking against the kings/elders
vi) The task was too difficult overwhelming for him.
vii) He was not sure of what could be done to him by the people of the message he
was to deliver (response to the message).

b) Evils condemned by prophet Jeremiah during the temple sermon.

i) He condemned the false belief about the temple not being destroyed because it was
God’s dwelling place.
ii) He condemned the hypocrisy/presence of people who committed different sins and
came to the temple to worship Yahweh.
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 iii) He talked about the defiled of the temple by placing idols in it.
iv) He condemned the worship of other gods/idolatry which was a rebellion to the
Sinai covenant.
v) He condemned the practice of human sacrifice which was against the commandments
of God.
vi) He condemned oppression of the foreigners/widows/orphans which against the
covenant way of life.
vii) He condemned the stubbornness/rebellion of the Israelites against God’s warning

c) Ways in which church leaders communicate God’s message to the people in

Kenya today.
i) Use of print/give out bibles e.g. publications conference/retreat.
ii) Holding public meetings/crusades/Rallies
iii) Through sings songs of praise
iv) Through conducting pastoral care/counseling
v) Through carrying spiritual healing/prayer
vi) Conducting door to door evangelism visits.
vii) Providing material support to the needy.
viii) Through leading exemplary lives.
ix) Through electronic media (6 x 1 = 6 mks)

6. a) Places in which sacrifices are carried out in traditional Africa communities.

i) Under trees/in forests
ii) In caves
iii) At river banks/seashore/lake shores
iv) Near rocks
v) On mountains/hill tops
vi) At waterfalls
vii) In shrines/temples
viii) In homes
ix) Grave sides (6 x 1 = 6 mks)

b) Reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African communities.

i) It is an act of worship.
ii) It enables the people to maintain good relationship with God/Human beings.
iii) As a way of asking for protecting
iv) To appease ancestors/spirits/God for any wrongs done e.g( cleansing forgiveness)
v) In recognition /honour the ancestors of god’s power.
vi) It is a way of acknowledging god as the source of life.
vii) In order to seek God’s intervention in times of trouble.
viii) As a thanksgiving to ancestors/spirits/gods
ix) To invite/ancestors/spirits/God in the function/event.
x) To ask for blessings (7 x 1 = 7mks)

c) Roles of ancestors in traditional African communities.

i) They act as mediators/intercessors between the living and God.
ii) They monitor oversee what is happening in the community.
iii) They bring punishment to the wrong doers/blessings to the righteous
iv) They give instructions/directions on what should be done by members of the community.
v) They rebuke/give a warning of the coming punishment for wrong doers.
vi) They give guidance on how rituals should be conducted.
vii) They are community values/traditions.
viii) Through the ancestors, the living have a sense of belonging/identify.
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 ix) They welcome the dead to the spiritual world.
x) They provide a reservoir of names. (7 x 1 = 7 mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2011
MARKING SCHEME

1. (a) What took place when Mary visited Elizabeth.

(i) She entered Zechariah's home,

(ii) She greeted Elizabeth.
(iii) When Elizabeth heard Mary's greetings the baby in her womb leaped.
(iv) Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit.
(v) Elizabeth exclaimed with a loud cry.
(vi) She blessed Mary and child in the womb.
(vii) Elizabeth wondered why Mary the mother of her Lord has visited her
(viii) 'Elizabeth informed Mary that the baby in her womb had leaped for joy in her greetings.

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 ( ix) Mary responded by praising God
(x) Mary stayed with Elizabeth for three months.

(b) Lessons that Christians learn from the lives of Zechariah and Elizabeth
(i) Christians should be righteous / upright / blameless
(ii) They should obey God's commandments
(iii) They should persevere / be patient
(iv) They should serve God faithfully /commitment.
(v) They should be prayerful.
(vi) They should depend on God / ask God for their needs
(vii) They should believe God’s word .
(viii) They should thank God for blessings
(ix) They praise / worship the lord
(x) They should desire to be led by the Holy Spirit
(xi) Christian should rejoice at the blessings of others.
6 x1 = 6 mks
(c) Ways through which Christians in Kenya express their joy for the birth of Jesus
(i) They sing / listen to Christian songs /carols
(ii) They attend Christmas worship/service/ mass
(iii) They partake of the Holy communion/ Eucharist
(iv) They exchange gifts / cards / messages of goodwill
(v) They visit friends/ relatives.
(vi) They decorate their homes/churches
(vii) They buy/ wear new clothes
(viii) They prepare special dishes /drinks
(ix) They rest from normal duties
(x) They hold Christmas concerts/ drama
(xi) They watch movies /films on the birth of Jesus
(xii) They read Christmas stories /the bible
(i) They help the needy /acts of charity
(ii) They repent /rededicate themselves to God.

2.(a) The teachings of Jesus on the sermon on the plain on how human beings should relate
to one another.

(i) Human beings should love one another / their enemies.

(ii) They should practice sharing / help others
(iii) They should be merciful| to each other.
(iv) They not judge / condemn others.
(v) They forgive one another / not to revenge.
(vi) Pray for those who wrong them
(vii) They should not discriminate against one another.

(b) A description of the incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman

(i) Jesus had been invited by a Pharisee for dinner.

(ii) While he was at the table a sinful woman came with an alabaster flask of ointment.
iii) She stood at Jesus' feet weeping and wet his feet with her tears.
(iv) She used her hair to wipe the feet of Jesus,
(v) She kissed the feet of Jesus
(vi) She then anointed the feet of Jesus with the ointment.
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 (vii) The Pharisee who had invited Jesus questioned in his heart whether Jesus
was a prophet
(viii) Jesus knew the thoughts of Simon and told him the parable of the creditor
and the two debtors .
(ix) Jesus asked Simon who of the two debtors would love the creditor more
(x) Simon said the debtor with more debt would love the creditor more
(xi) He told simon that the woman had shown much love because her many sins had
been forgiven .
(xii) Jesus then told the woman that her sins had been forgiven
(xiii) The other guests began to question who Jesus was to have the power to forgive sins
(iii) Jesus told the woman that her faith had saved her.
(iv) He told her to go in peace

(c) Reasons why Christians should ask for forgiveness from God.
(i) To be at peace with God
(ii) To show obedience to the teachings of Jesus
(iii To improve their relationship with others
(iv) It gives them confidence to serve God
(v) To acknowledge their weakness / a sign of humility
(vi) It shows their desire to lead a righteous life
(vii) It is a sign of appreciation of God's mercy
(viii) It is a way of self reproach
(ix) It is a demonstration of their faith in God
(x) so as to be forgiven by God.

3.(a) The instructions that Jesus gave to the seventy two disciples when he sent them on a mission.

(i) The disciples were to pray for more labourers to be sent for the harvest,
(ii) The disciples were not to carry any pulse / bag / sandals.
(iii) They were not to salute anyone on the road.
(iv) They were to say peace any house they entered.
(v) They were to remain in the same house / NOT to go from house to house.
(vi) They were to eat / drink whatever was provided.
(vii) They were to heal the sick
( viii) They were, to tell the people that the kingdom of God has corne near
(ix) They were to wipe off the dust on their feet against the people if not received.
4x2=8 mks

(b) The parable of the Pharisee and the tax collector.

(i) Two men went into the Temple to pray, a Pharisee and a tax collector.
(ii) The pharisee praised himself in prayer.
(iii) He said he was holy / better than others / tax collector.
(iv) The tax collector also prayed but could not lift his eyes to heaven.
(v) The tax collector beat his breast saying he is a sinner / asked for God's mercy.
(vi) It was the prayer of the tax collector that was accepted / the tax collector was justified
(vii) Jesus concluded by saying that whoever exalts himself will be humbled / whoever
humbles himself will be exalted.

(c) Reason s why Christian pray

(i) To show their dependence in God / faith in God

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 (ii) To express the power /greatness of God /adore / honour God
(iii) They pray to ask for their needs / seek guidance.
(iv) Through prayer, they confess their sins / ask for forgiveness.
(v) To thank God for his faithfulness / goodness / blessings.
(vi) Prayer helps to relieve fears / anxiety / worries.
(vii) It is an instrument through which the work of satan is destroyed.
(viii) To communicate with God / have fellowship with God.
(ix) To follow the example of Jesus.
(x) It is a command from God / a sign of obedience.

4 (a) How Peter’s life was transformed on the day of Pentecost.

(i) Peter was filled with the Holy spirit.

(ii) He started speaking in tongues.
(iii) He became courageous / defended the disciples that they were not drunk.
(iv) He was able to remember Old Testament prophecies / teachings.
v) He began witnessing the life, death and resurrection of Jesus.
vi) He called people to repentance.
(vii) He was empowered to perform miracles.

(b) Saint Paul's teaching on how the gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used in the church.
( i) The gifts of the Holy Spirit should be used for the common good of all
(ii) They should be used to strengthen / encourage & comfort members
(iii) They should be used to bring unity not to discriminate /divide members
(iv) There is need to respect / appreciate all the gifts
(v) They should be used in an orderly way / no confusion
(vi) The gifts should be used in love.
(vii) The gift of speaking in tongues should be minimised in public
(viii) There is need to have interpretation of tongues for them to be meaningful /helpful.
(ix) Prophecies should be carefully evaluated / weighted.

(c) Reasons why some Christians find it difficult to help the sick.

(i) Some Christians lack the gift of healing.

(ii) They are afraid of being infected.
(iii) Because of religious / denominational f' barriers .
iv) They lack knowledge / skill of handling the sick.
(v} They have no time for the sick.
(vi) Lack of faith in healing / miracles.
(vii) Because of poverty / may not have enough resources to share.
(viii) Lack of love for the needy / sick.
(ix) It is difficult for some Christians to determine those who are genuinely sick
(x) Due to social differences / status / educational background.
(xi) 'Due to nepotism /ethnic affiliations.
(ix) Due to gender biases,

5.(a) Reasons why manual work is important in Kenya today.

(i) Through manual work human being emulate God as a worker.
(ii) It is a sign of being obedient to God's instructions to work.
(iii) It enables human beings to look after / preserve the environment / be co-creators
with God.
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 (iv) It keeps the body physically fit.
(v) Human beings are able to obtain their basic needs / earn their living
through manual work
(vi) It is a way of serving others / community
(vii) It enables human beings to develop their talents / abilities.
(viii) Manual work gives satisfaction / fulfillment
(ix) It keeps one busy / active

(b) Activities that the youth should engage in during their leisure time
(i) Taking part in church choir / singing.
(ii) Helping the sick / needy.
(iii) Taking part in retreats / seminars / camps
(iv) Reading Christian literature.
(v) Playing games.
(vi) Planting flowers / trees / cleaning the compound.
(vii) Watching TV / listening to Christian music / messages.
(viii) Taking part in Bible study.
(ix) Visiting their friends/relatives

(c) Consequences of denying employees rest

(i) It may lead to poor working relations.

(ii) The organization may realize low output.
(iii) The workers may resort to a strike action / go slow,
(iii) Some of the employees may lose their job through sacking/resignation,
(v) It can lead to poor health / death.
(iv) It may lead to break| up of families.
(v) It can lead to labour conflicts between the employer/ employee,
(vi) Mistrust may arise leading to close supervision,
(vii) Employees may develop negative attitudes towards work.
(viii) Accidents are likely to occur.
(ix) Vandalism

6 (a) Ways in which Christians can contribute towards maintenance of law and
order in society.

(i) By obeying the law of the land / leading exemplary lives,

(ii) By respecting the lawful authority.
(iii) Through rehabilitating criminals.
(iv) By condemning acts which violate human rights/unjust laws.
(v) Through educating the masses on their rights and responsibilities.
(vi) By sharing what they have with the needy,
(vii) By praying for peace / the national leaders / citizens,
(viii) By preaching on the importance of law and order/peace,
(ix) Forgiving others freely.
(x) Reporting criminals to the relevant authorities,
(xi) Through-reconciling the waring-parties.
(xii) Through guidance and counseling services.

(b) Methods of disciplinary errant members in traditional African communities.

(i) Paying fines.

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 (ii) Denying children food for sometime.
(iii) Reprimanding wrong doers.
(iv) Giving unpleasant names to reflect the wrong that the person has done
(V) Denying culprits access to social occasions / being detained / isolation.
(vi) Summoning an indiscipline member before the council of elders.
(vii) Excommunicating wrong doers from the community.
(viij) 'Through caning and beating.
(ix) Disowning by parents / relative / friends.
(x) Being cursed by elders,
(xi) Refusing to name children after them.

(c) Obstacles to effective maintenance of law and order in Kenya today.

(i) There is an increase in the rate of crime / the law enforcement officers can
Not cope with the work load.
(ii) Due to unequal distribution of resources,
(iii) Permissiveness in the society.
(iv) Due to political instability / incitement by politicians,
(v) Extreme poverty.
(yi) Social discrimination.
vii) Some cultural beliefs / practices hinder effective maintenance of law/
(viii) High rate of unemployment.
(ix) Bribery / corruption.
x) Greed for material wealth
(xi) Inadequate modern equipment to combat crime,
(xii) Delay in the delivery of justice to the offended.
(xiii) The citizens lack knowledge on the procedures for the effective
maintenance of law and order.

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2012
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) Micahs prophecies about Messiah.

i) The Messiah will be born in Bethlehem
ii) He will rule over Israel
iii) His origin is from the old/ancient days.
iv) He will be born of a woman.
v) He will feed his flock.
vi) He will rule in the majesty/power of God.
vii) In his time, Israel will be secure.
viii) He shall be great to the ends of the earth
ix) Israel will have victory over her enemy/ there will be peace in Israel.
(7x1=7mks)

b) The message of Angel Gabriel about John the Baptist;

i) John the baptist was to be a son
ii) His name was to be John
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 iii) He would bring joy/ gladness to his parents/ many will rejoice at his birth.
iv) He will be great before God.
v) He was to drink no wine/strong drink
vi) He was to be filled with the Holy spirit from his mother’s womb
vii) He would turn many of the sons of Israel to the Lord their God
viii) He was to go before the Lord in the spirit/power of Elijah.
ix) He will turn the hearts of the fathers to the children/ the disobedient to the wisdom of
the just.
x) He was to make ready for the Lord a people prepared.
(7x1=7mks)
c) Lessons Christians learn from Jesus when was dedicated.
i) Christians should be righteous before God in order to experience Him in their lives.
ii) Christians should thank God for blessing them.
iii) They should trust/have faith in God.
iv) Christians should reach out to all people/preach salvation to them.
v) Christians should show compassion to the needy in society.
vi) Christians should be devoted in their worship of God regardless of the challenges they
face.
vii) Christians should dedicate their children to God/fulfil the church obligations.
(3x2 = 6mks)

2. a) The incident when Jesus was baptised in river Jordan by John the Baptist.
i) John the Baptist baptised all the people
ii) Jesus was also baptised
iii) Jesus was praying
iv) The heavens opened.
v) The Holy spirit descended upon Jesus.
vi) A voice came from heaven.
vii) Jesus was described as the beloved son of God with whom He was pleased.

b) Reasons why Christians undergo baptism today.

i) Baptism enables them to become children of God.
ii) It enables one to become a member of a Christian community/Christian denomination.
iii) It enables them to receive the power of the Holy Spirit.
iv) It enables them to identify themselves with Christ/ all that he stands for.
v) It symbolises that one has died and resurrected with Christ, leaving the old sinful nature/
acquisition of a new life in Jesus
vi) Through baptism, one receives complete forgiveness of sins.
vii) It prepares Christians for the kingdom of God.
viii) It unites Christains as members of the body of Christ which is the Church.
ix) It symbolises obedience to Jesus’ teaching.
x) It acts as an outward sign of their inner faith as it is done publicly.
xi) It is a sign of a new covenant with God.

c) Importance of the transfiguration of Jesus to Christian today;

i) It took place when Jesus and three of his disciples were praying. Christians should
therefore take time off their duties to pray.
ii) Jesus and his disciples had retreated to a private place/ mountain to pray Christians
therefore should have retreats/ go to a private place for prayer.
iii) Resurrection is a reality since Moses who died appeared in the transfiguration.
Christians therefore should have hope for life after death.
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 iv)Moses and Elijah appeared to encourage Jesus about the suffering he was about to face.
Christians therefore learn that they should accept/endure suffering as a way to salvation.
v) Jesus came to do the will of his Father/fulfill the law/prophecies. Christians are assured
of salvation/should believe in the word of God.
vi) The disciples heard the voice of God which commanded them to listen to Jesus.
Christians learn that God speaks to them/they should listen to Gods voice/Jesus the
word of God.
vii) The cloud symbolized God’s presence with Jesus. Christians therefore learn that God is
always with them/ they should call upon Him for help/desire to be in the presence of God.
(4x2 = 8mks)

3. a) The healing of the ten lepers.

i) Jesus was on his way to Jerusalem
ii) He met ten lepers/men who were suffering from leprosy.
iii) The men stood at a distance/shouted at Jesus to have mercy on them.
iv) Jesus told them to go and show themselves to the priests.
v) As they went, they were healed/cleansed.
vi) One of them, a Samaritan came one’s praising God/thanked Jesus
vii) Jesus asked where the other nine were.
viii) Jesus wondered at the fact that only a foreigner returned to give praise to God.
ix) Jesus asked him to rise/go his way for his faith had made him well.
(7x1=7mks)
b) Jesus teaching on the power of faith;
i) Faith gives believers strength to overcome temptations/sin.
ii) It enables them to forgive each other constantly
iii) It makes even the weakest strong.
iv) Enables believers to perform their duties without expecting material rewards.
v) Faith enables believers to work tirelessly because there is a lot of work to be done.
vi) Faith leads to physical healing.
vii) Faith enables believers to show gratitude to God for his blessings/benefits they
have received from Him.
viii) It enables them to experience the kingdom to God in their hearts.
ix) It enables believers to enter the kingdom of God/receive eternal life.
(4x2=8mks)

c) Lessons Christian learn from the parable of the ten pounds.

i) Christians should use the abilities that God has given them for the benefit of others.
ii) Christians will be rewarded according to their performances.
iii) Christians have been given different gifts/abilities by God.
iv) Christians will give an account of how they used their abilities.
v) Christians need to be obedient/honest.
vi) God expects Christians to use opportunities provided for His glory.
vii) Christians will lose their abilities if not put to use/punished.
(5x1=5mks)

4. a) How the unity of believers is expressed in the body of Christ.

i) St. Paul describes the believers as the body of Christ
ii) Christ is the head of the church
iii) The believers form parts of the body.
iv) The body has different organs. In the same way the Church has different members
v) They all need to work together for the well being of the church.
vi) Every part of body is needed to make it whole all parts are interdependence/ one part
cannot be without the other.
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 vii) The different church members are given different spiritual gifts by the Holy Spirit to
carry out God’s work.
viii) Believers are united through baptism in the Holy Spirit.

b) Reasons why the use of the gifts of the Holy Spirit brought disunity in the
Church at Corinth;
i) There was competition in speaking in tongues
ii) There was disorder/confusion in worship as people with different gifts tried to
outdo one another
iii) People did not use their gifts for the benefit of the Church/one another.
iv) Some gifts such as prophecy/teaching were looked down upon/there was pride/boasting.
v) There was no interpretation of tongues when the gift of speaking in tongues was in
use, hence messages were not understood.
vi) People did not show love for one another.
vii) Those with the gift of speaking in tongues despised those who did not have/some
members thought they were too spiritual.

c) Ways in which the Christians in Kenya demonstrate the New testament teaching on unity.
i) Christians meet for prayers/fellowship together.
ii) They observe a day of worship to honour God.
iii) They share the Holy communion/meals.
iv) They help those who are poor/needy
v) They solve problems affecting the Church members
vi) They hold joint crusades/rallies
vii)They also cooperate by providing Christian programmes in the mass media/ resource
materials.
viii) They speak in one voice to condemn evil in society
5. a) Sources of Christian ethics.
i) Human reason/experience
ii) The bible
iii) Traditions from Christian community
iv) Natural law.
v) Situation ethics.

b) Reasons why Christian condemn homosexuality;

i) Homosexuality is a form of sexual immorality
ii) It is against God’s/ Biblical teaching it is a sin
iii) It is an abuse to the sacredness of sex
iv) It is contrary to the natural order of things.
v) Homosexuality does not enable procreation to take place
vi) It lowers the dignity of human beings who are created in the image of God
vii) It can lead to diseases like Hiv/AIDs leading to human suffering.
viii) It leads to rejection/being an outcast.
(7x1=7mks)

c) How responsible parenthood is demonstrated by Christians in Kenya today.

i) Christian parents provide physical /basic needs for the family
ii)They provides spiritual guidance to their children
iii) They teach their children to live in harmony with others/moral values
iv) They provide their children with education in order to acquire necessary
knowledge/skills to realize their full potential
v) They act as role models for their children
vi) They discipline/correct the children whenever they deviate from the norms
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 vii) They provide protection/security to their children which enables the children to
deal with situations in life.
viii) They teach their children how to grow physically/socially/psychologicaly
so as for them to understand changes in their bodies as they develop.
(4x2=8mks)

6. a) The traditional African concept of wealth.

i) Wealth is a blessing from God.
ii) It is part and parcel of human existence
iii) It is measured in the amount of property/wives/children one has
iv) It can be individually/communally owned.
v) Wealth is acquired through hardworking/inheritance/gift
vi) Wealth determines ones social status.
vii) Wealth should be used to help the needy in society
viii) There are rules governing how it is distributed.
ix) Wealth is used to worship God/appease ancestors

b) Reasons why corruption is widespread in Kenya today

i) Unemployment cases which makes an individual desperate to secure an employment
chance by engaging in corrupt activities.
ii) Desire for instant services/ make some people become corrupt.
iii) Some people feel that they have not been adequently paid for work done hence engage
in corrupt acts to compensate themselves
iv) Fear of arrest/punishment make law breakers to engage in corrupt deals.

v) Some people engage in corrupt deals in order to be served due to ignorance of their
rights.
vi) Lack of moral integrity by some people.
vii) Greed makes some people to engage in corruption
viii) Due to tribal/ethnic affiliations.
ix) There is no efficient machinery to curb corrupt practice.
(x) The Judiciary is not able to deal with injustice cases take too long tobe determined.
(xi) Some government agents abusethe power bestowed upon them.
(xii) The belief of the common person that the government is a master and therefore has
to be corrupted before receiving services.
(8 x 1 = 8 mks)

c) Ways the Church is using to eradicate poverty in Kenya.

(i) The Church preaches/teaches/encourages hard work among the citizens which enables
them to fight poverty.
(ii) The Church speaks against vices like oppression/exploitation of the poor by the
rich in the society which are promoting poverty.
(iii) The Church takes care of the poor by providing them with material possession
(iv) The Church has established projects that offer employment to members of the society
this enables them to take care of their needs.
(v) The Church gives out bursaries to the needy children enabling them undertake
education
and get employment.
(vi) The Church is offering subsidized medical services which enhances the economic
output/productivity of the people.
(vii)The Church is working together with the government to create a peaceful society
which promotes economic/social development.
(viii) The Church prays for God’s intervention in the lives of the poor which gives them
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 hope in life.
(ix) It offers guidance and counselling to the poverty stricken thus enabling them to
open up to realities of life. (6x1=6 mks)

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2013
MARKING SCHEME
1. (a) The annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist. (Lk 1:8-20)
1. Angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah as he performed his priestly duties in the temple.
2. The angel stood by the right side of the altar.
3. Zechariah was filled with fear when he saw the angel
4. The angel told him not to be afraid because his prayer had been heard.
5. The angel told Zechariah that the wife would bear him a son/the son would be called John.
6. The angel informed Zechariah the work/qualities of the son to be born
7. Zechariah did not believe the angel's message he and his wife were advanced in age
8. The angel revealed his identity as Gabriel who had been sent by God to bring the message
9. Because of his unbelief, the angel made him dumb until the baby is born.
6xl=6mks
(b) What Christians learn about the person and mission of John the Baptist, from the
message of angel Gabriel to Zechariah (Lk 1:14-17)
1. John would bring joy/gladness to many people
2. He would be great before God
3. John would be a Nazarite/would not drink any wine.
4. He would be filled by the Holy spirit.
5. He would reconcile the Israelites with God/fathers with their children
6. He would have the spirit/power of Elijah
7. He would bring justice/turn the disobedient to wisdom of just

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 8. He would prepare people for the coming of the messiah.
6xl=6mks

(c ) Ways in which the church in Kenya assists families to cope with challenges facing them.
1. The church organizes seminars/workshops for different groups on family life;
2. Offering guidance and counseling;
3. Paying visits to families/fellowship with them;
4. Producing/disseminating literature on proper Christian living;
5. Preaching/teaching on the importance of helping the needy;
6. Giving financial/material support to the needy;
7. Praying for the families;
8. Providing vocational training;
9. Offering employment to jobless people;
10. Condemning vices which threaten families
11. Establish rehabilitation centres/homes for destitute.

2.
(a) The call of the first disciples of Jesus (Luke 5:1-11)
1 Jesus was standing by the lake of Gennesaret;
2. He Saw two boats without the fishermen;
3. He entered Simon's boat/asked them to push it into the water;
4. He sat down/taught people from the boat;
5. He asked Simon to push the boat into the deep water/cast the nets for a catch;
6. Simon told Jesus that they had been fishing the whole night without success;
7. He obeyed Jesus' command/let the nets down;
8. They caught a lot of fish/asked their partners in the other boat to assist them remove
the nets;
9. They filled both boats with fish/the boats began to sink;
10. Simon Peter and his companions were astonished at the miraculous catch of fish/Peter asked
Jesus to depart from him because he was sinful man.
11. Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he was to catch men from then;
12. They brought their boats to land/left everything and followed Jesus.

(b) Reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples

1. In order to teach them the secrets of the Kingdom of God;
2. To have companions/person assistants;
3. To form an inner grap which should assist him during his public ministry
/spreading gospel;
4. To be witness to his saving acts in the world- His mission;
5. To reveal his person/give a new understanding of his messiah ship;
6. It symbolized the reconstruction of the twelve tribes of Israel;
7. To train/prepare them for the mission after his death;
8. To lay a foundation for the establishment of the church;
9. To continue with the biblical theme of election in which God choose anyone to serve him.
6xl=6mks

(c) Lessons that Christians learn from the call of the first disciples
1. Christians learn that God chooses anyone regardless of their, status in the Society.
2. He gives them duties/responsibilities to serve him in various capacities;
3. They should be obedient to Jesus' instructions/comrnaiids
4. Christians should be humble/accept their weakness/repent their sins;
5. They learn that God can intervene in their lives;
6. Christians should work together as a team;
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7. God reveals himself in everyday activities
8. Christians should be ready to abandon forsake their past lives for the sake of Christ;
9. They should respond to Jesus' call instantly/immediately.

3.
(a) Jesus' teaching on watchfulness and readiness (Luke 12: 35-48)
1. Believers should be dressed for his coming;
2. They should keep their lamps burning;
3. They should be awake /alert;
4. Those who are found waiting: will be blessed;
5. They should be prepared at all times since they do not know the time for Christ's coming;
6. Believers should continue1 working until Christ comes back;
7. The servants/believers who are drunkards/mistreat fellow workers will be punished;
8. Those who know what is required of them/their masters will and fail to do it will receive a
severe beating;
9. Believers are expected to respond to God according to how much they have received from him.
10. Those who do wrong out of ignorance will receive lesser beatings/punishment.
8xl=8mks

(b) The parable of the widow and the unjust judge.

1. There .was a judge who neither feared God nor regarded man;
2. There was a widow who kept on coming to the judge to settle a case between her and
her adversaries;

3. The judge at first refused to grant the request of the widow;

4. The widow did not give up/persisted on her request
5. The judge was afraid of getting warned out by the widow's insistence;
6. The judge finally accepted to grant the widow her request;
7. Jesus said the God would vindicate/grant the request of those who pray to Him
Persistently;
8. Jesus said that God responds to those who pray to Him in faith speedily.

(c) Reasons why Christians should have faith in God

1. God fulfils the promises he makes to human beings;
2. Faith is a requirement for all Christians;
3. Those who pray in faith receive their request;
4. Christians are dependent on God for all things;
5. Faith is a sign of commitment to God/helps Christians to grow spiritually;
6. It is through faith, in God that Christians can perform miracles/great things;
7. Christians who have faith in God can be saved /healed;
8. Faith in God helps Christians to overcome temptations/face challenges/persecutions.
9. Faith in God enables the Christians to wait patiently for second coming of
Jesus/Kingdom of God
6xl=6mks

4.
(a) The gifts of the holy spirit (I Cor 12:7-11)
1. Word of Wisdom
2. Word of Knowledge;
3. Gift of Faith;
4. Gift of Healing;
5. Gift of working miracles;
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6. Gift of Prophecy/preaching;
7. Gift of speaking in tongues;
8. Interpreting of tongues;
9. Distinguishing between spirits.
8xl-8mks
(b) How the life of Peter was transformed on the day of Pentecost
1. He was filled with the power of the Holy Spirit;
2. He spoke in tongues;
3. He defended the apostles that, they were not drunk;
4. Peter becomes courageous;
5. He preached the word of God;
6. He became a witness of the work/death and resurrection of Jesus Christ;
7. He was able to remember/narrate Old Testament scriptures;
8. He gained wisdom/advised the people on what to do;
9. Baptized believers;
10. Took up leadership roles.
6xl=6mks

(c) Ways in which the gifts of the Holy Spirit are abused in the church today
1. Some Christians pretend that they have a certain gift of the Holy Spirit
2. By asking for payment before healing the sick;
3. Christians misuse the gift of prophecy by giving wrong information;
4. Some Christians may impart demonic powers on the innocent/ignorant as they claim
To perform miracles;
5. Some Christians who possess the gifts of the Holy Spirit develop pride/arrogance;
6. Some use the gift to bring division in the church/creating splinter groups;
7. Some Christians refuse to utilize the gifts they possess/personalize the gifts;
8. Speaking in tongues during worship leads to disorder/confusion if the tongues are not
interpreted/understood.
6xl=6mks
.

5.
(a) Importance of leisure
1. It enables an individual to spend time with God;
2. It enables one to rest the body/relax;
3. It helps one to rejuvenate/regain lost energy
4. It offers an opportunity for one to socialize with friends/family; :
5. People are able to discover new ideas/information during leisure time;
6. It gives an opportunity to develop talents;
7. It enables one to serve others/the needy;
8. It provides an opportunity for one to take care of the environment;
9. It helps to maintain/improve one's health.
6xl=6mks
(b) Leisure activities common to Christianity and Traditional African Communities
1. Singing/dancing;
2. Storytelling/proverbs/riddles;
3. Sporting activities;
4. Visiting/travelling;
5. Weaving/bracketing/crafts;
6. Retreats;
7. Gardening;
8. Buying/exchange of goods;
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9. Taking siesta;
10. Education/training;
11. Ceremonies/festivities among the youth.
7xl=7mks

(c) The dangers of using illicit drugs in Kenya today among the youth.
1. There is an increase in rate of crimes committee
2. Use of illicit drugs leads to sexual immorality/contracting sexually transmitted
Infections /HIV and AIDS;
3. Dependence on illicit drugs depletes resources leading to poverty/lowers productivity;
4. Illicit drugs can damage vital organs/ill health;
5. Illicit drugs causes indiscipline in institutions of learning;
6. The number of street children/families is increasing as a result of using the drugs;
7. Use of illicit drugs is illegal/the offenders are liable for punishment;
8. Use of illicit drugs can cause employer/employee conflicts;
9. Illicit drug users become irresponsible/quarrelsome/irritable leading to family
disagreements/breakup;
10. Use of illicit drugs can lead to murder/death;
11. Addiction;
7xl=7mks

6.
(a) How science and technology has improved human life.
1. Modern means of transport enables human beings to travel faster;
2. Use of electronic/print media: human beings are able to access/pass information to large
audience;
3; Use of industrial machines enables work to be done faster/efficiency
4. Use 6f fertilizers/agricultural machinery has led to increased productivity/yields/preservation
of food;
5. Use of medicine/medical equipment has prolonged human life/reduces suffering;
6. Use of equipment related to weather forecast assist human beings in understanding their
environment;
7. New sources of energy have enhanced human life;
8. Scientific devices enhanced security. 4x2= mks
(b) Reasons why Christians are opposed to euthanasia
1. God is the only one who give life and thus should be the one to take it away;
2. Euthanasia equals to murder which is biblically condemned/thou shall not kill;
3. It destroys God's image in human beings;
4. Human judgment is limited and therefore cannot make correct decision on termination
the life of others;
5. Medical ethics only allows a doctor to sustain life and not to take it away;
6. It is against Jesus mission on earth to heal the sick;
7. Suffering is part of a Christian's life from the teachings of Jesus and therefore it cannot
be used to justify euthanasia;
8. the works of mercy involve saving life/not destroying it;
9. It is a constitutional right to uphold human life.
6xl=6mks

(c) Ways in which Christians can help to control desertification

I. Christians need to practice a forestation/reforestation programmers.
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2 By practicing agro-forestry;
3 Using alternative sources of energy as opposed to charcoal/firewood;
4. Providing education to the public or how to preserve the environment.
5. Participating in environmental conservation programmer;
6. Donating/giving financial assistance to bodies that control desertification.
7. Protecting all water catchment areas.
8. Carrying/practicing better methods of farming.
9. Reporting cases of forest destruction to relevant authorities;
10.By participating in the enactment of laws on environmental conservation.
11. Providing guidance and counseling/advise to those, involved in activities related
to environmental degradation;
12. Using alternative sources of building materials opposed to natural vegetation.
13. Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he was to catch men from then;
14. They brought their boats to land/left everything and followed Jesus.
6xl=mks

CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

K.C.S.E PAPER 2 2014
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) Isaiah’s prophecies concerning the Messiah

i. The Messiah would be born of a virgin/young women
ii. He would be called Immanuel
iii. He would be a wonderful counselor/might God/everlasting father/prince of peace
iv. The Messiah would have an everlasting kingdom
v. He would be a ruler from the house of David
vi. He would rule with justice/righteousness/peace
vii. He would be humble/simple/ordinary/without beauty (nothing attractive)
viii. The Messiah would be rejected/despised/sentenced to die
ix. He would suffer for the forgiveness of the sins of many people
x. It would be the will of his father for him to suffer
xi. He would succeed in his work/be highly honoured
xii. He would be filled with God’s spirit/anointed
xiii. He would preach goods news/set the captives free

(8x1 = 8mks)
b) Outline events that took place on the night Jesus was born (Luke 2:6-20)
i. When Jesus was born his mother wrapped him in cloths
ii. She placed him in a manger
iii. There were shepherds watching over their flock
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 iv. An Angel appeared to the shepherds in the region to tell them of the birth of the Saviour
v. A great company of heavenly hosts/angels/appeared singing praises to God
vi. The shepherds decided to go to Bethlehem /hurried off to Bethlehem
vii. The shepherds saw the baby
viii. They spread the news about the baby to other people
ix. The shepherds returned praising /glorifying god
x. The angel gave a sign on how to identify the baby

c) Give three reasons why Christians present gifts to newly born babies
i. Christian give gifts in order to welcome the baby into the family world
ii. It is a sigh of their lover/contribution to the baby’s welfare
iii. It is a way of thanking God/appreciating his goodness
iv. It is a form of congratulating the mother/parents
v. It is an expression of their joy
vi. It is a way of emulating biblical practices

2. a) What do Christians learn about Jesus from the incident when he was baptized
i. Jesus is prayerful
ii. Jesus is obedient/loyal to God
iii. Jesus has a human nature
iv. Jesus is humble
v. Jesus is the son of God/divine
vi. He is loved by God/pleases God
vii. Jesus was filled with the Holy Spirit
(6x1= 6mks)
b) The temptation of Jesus in the wilderness (Luke 4:1-13)
After temptation Jesus was led by the Holy Spirit into the wilderness.
3. Jesus ate nothing for forty days/was hungry
4. The devil told Jesus to command a stone to turn into bread if he is the son of God
5. Jesus responded that human beings do not live on bread alone
6. Then the devil led Jesus to a high place/showed him all the kingdoms of the world.
7. The devil told Jesus that he would give him all worldly authority/glory if he worshiped
him.
8. Jesus responded by saying that only the Lord God should be worshipped/served.
9. The devil took Jesus to the highest point of the temple in Jerusalem
10. The devil told Jesus to throw himself down from there
11. Jesus responded by saying that God should not be tempted /put to test

c)Lessons Christian learn from the temptation of Jesus

i. Christian should know that their faith can be tested temptation are a must
ii. Christian should know the word of God use it to fight the doubts brought by the devil
iii. Christian need the guidance of the Holy Spirit to overcome temptations in their lives.
iv. Christians should put God first/worship the Lord only
v. They should stand firm/ not give into temptations/be ready to overcome
vi. Overcoming temptation strengthens one’s faith in God
vii. Christians should not use their God given power for their own material gain

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viii. Christians should not put god to test/should lead a responsible life
ix. Christians should be contented with what they have
(7x1=7mks)

3. a) The triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem (Luke 19:28-40)

1. When Jesus came to Mt.Olives, he sent two of his disciples/he gave instructions about a
colt which they were to bring to Him
2. The disciples found the colt /untied it
3. The owner of the colt sought to know where it was being taken
4. The disciples told them that the Lord needed it
5. The disciples brought the colt to Jesus /put their garments on its back /set Jesus on it.
6. As Jesus went along on the colt, people spread their garments on the road where he passed
7. The whole crowd of disciples praised/glorified God joyfully in loud voices for all the
mighty works they had seen
8. Jesus answered them that if the disciples kept quiet, the stones would cry out
(6x1=6mks)
b) Outline the events that took place from the time Jesus was arrested up to the time he was
sentenced to die
i. Jesus was taken to the house of the high priest
ii. Peter denied Jesus three times
iii. Jesus was mocked/ beaten /blindfolded
iv. Jesus was taken to the Sanhendrin /they made religious accusations against him
v. Jesus was taken to Pilate/they made political accusations against him
vi. He was sent to Herod who questioned Jesus/ridiculed/dressed him in a royal robe
vii. Pilate said that he had not found Jesus guilty
viii. Pilate chose to have Jesus flogged/chastised
ix. The crowd shouted that Jesus should be crucified/demanded release of Barabas
x. Pilate surrendered Jesus to be crucified
(7x1=7mks)

c)State seven lessons Christians learn from the suffering and death of Jesus
i. Christians should have faith in God
ii. They should endure suffering /be ready to be rejected
iii. They should forgive their enemies
iv. Christians should repent /confess their sins
v. They should be obedient /loyal to God
vi. They should stand for the truth at all times
vii. Christians should sacrifice for the service of others
viii. They should be prayerful/pray for others
ix. Christians should witness /surrender to the Lordship of Christ
x. Christians should be courageous /brave
(7x1=7mks)
4. a) Outline Saint Paul’s teaching on Love (1 Corinthians 13)
1. Love is patient

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2. Love is kind
3. Love is not jealous/not envious
4. Love is not boastful/proud
5. Love is not rude/not arrogant
6. It does not insist on its own way/not self seeking
7. It is not irritable/resentful/not easily angered
8. It does not keep a record of wrongs
9. It rejoices at the right /truth
10. It hopes all things
11. It endures/perseveres all things
12. Relieves trusts all things

(8x1=8mks)
b) Examples of relationships based on false love in Kenya today
i. A relationship which is based on material possessions /status of an individual
ii. A relationship which is based on lust/sex satisfaction
iii. A relationship which is based on physical attraction only
iv. A relationship which favours/discriminates against
race/tribe/education/gender/religion/social status
v. A relationship which starts when one is in trouble
vi. A relationship which is based on lies/cheating/takes advantage of a partner
vii. A relationship which is over protective/over possessive
(5x1=5mks)
c)The role of the Holy Spirit in the Church today
i. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to make the right decisions/gives wisdom
ii. He gives believers deep understanding /revelation of God/His purposes for the
iii. He helps individuals to know who Jesus Christ is/aspire to live Christ-like lives
iv. He strengthens the faith of Christians
v. He gives them power to perform miracles/healing
vi. He enables Christians to speak in tongues/interpret tongues
vii. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to prophesy/preach the word of God/growth of the
Church
viii. He enables believers to distinguish /differentiate between spirits
ix. The Holy Spirit enables believers to do works of mercy/kindness/charity
x. The Holy Spirit convicts people of their sins/leads them to confess /repent
xi. HE unites believers as one body of Christ
xii. The Holy Spirit enables Christians to worship God/pray/sing
(7x1=7mks)

5. a) Similarities between the Traditional African and Christian view on human

i. In both sexuality is a gift from God
ii. In both human sexuality is sacred/holy
iii. In both the gift of sex should be enjoyed in marriage
iv. In both the gift of sex is for procreation
v. There are rules/regulations regarding the use of the gift of sex
vi. Elders/parents are to guide/teach the youth regarding their sexuality

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b) Explain five factors that have led to the increase of intermarriages among communities in Kenya
today
i. Employment has made people to interact leading to intermarriage
ii. Education; education has made people from different communities to interact in institutions
during co-curricular activities
iii. Christianity; Biblical teachings have broken cultural barriers among believers
iv. Migration; People are free to acquire land/settle in any part of the country
v. Urbanization; Life in towns/cities has allowed mixing /intermingling of people from
various cultures
vi. Language; The use of Kiswahili/English enables people from different communities to
intermarry
vii. Modern means of transport; People are able to travel/move easily across the country
viii. Modern means of communication; The availability of social media enables people of
different cultures to talk/maintain relationships
ix. Sports/games; This has enabled people from different communities to interact
x. Modern trade; Has increased interactions leading to marriages
(5x2=10mks)

c)Challenges that children from single parent families face in Kenya today
1. They face an identity crisis/they do not know where they belong
2. They experience social stigma
3. They miss the love/guidance of one parent
4. They may have psychological problems
5. They may be denied inheritance of family wealth/discriminated against
6. They face rejection/not accepted in society
7. They may lack adequate basic needs
(5x1=5mks)

6. a) Give six reasons why laws are important to the people of Kenya
i. Laws promote harmonious living among people
ii. Laws govern/safeguard people’s property
iii. They enable people to be involved in various development activities
iv. Laws regulate power of those in authorities/act as checks and balances
v. They ensure the security of the citizens
vi. They protect people’s rights
vii. They regulate taxation
viii. Laws define duties/responsibilities of citizens
ix. Laws defines the identity/culture of the people
x. Laws prescribe punishment (6x1=6mks)

b) State seven rights of a Kenyan citizen

i. Right to employment/ a just wage
ii. Right to own/use personal property
iii. Right to freedom of worship/personal freedom
iv. Right to marry/raise a family
v. Right to a fair trial
vi. Right of assembly

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vii. Right to life/protection
viii. Right to health
ix. Right to education
x. Right to association
xi. Right to vote
xii. Right of movement (7x1=7mks)

c)Ways in which the Church in Kenya helps to reform errant members in the society.
i. The Church prays for /with them
ii. By teaching /preaching the word of God to them
iii. Through guiding and counseling them
iv. By contributing towards their basic needs
v. The Church trains them in various skills in their vocational centres
vi. The Church offers employment opportunities to them
vii. By forgiving /accepting /involving them in Church activities
viii. The Church establishes rehabilitation centres to care for them
ix. By offering credit facilities to enable them start businesses. (7x1=7mks)

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