Word formation
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) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro
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WHY LEARNING THIS IS ESSENTIAL?
It improves both comprehension and production of the language by providing a
clear understanding of sentence structure, allowing learners to construct
grammatically correct sentences.
Additionally, recognizing the roles of different words helps in identifying their
meanings and functions within sentences, making it easier to understand and
communicate effectively.
This knowledge also aids in expanding vocabulary, enhancing reading and writing
skills, and developing a deeper appreciation for the nuances and complexities of the
language. Overall, mastering these aspects leads to more fluent and confident use
of English.
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WORDS ARE COMMONLY CLASSIFIED INTO
EIGHT MAIN CATEGORIES CLASSIFICATION
nouns - verbs - adjectives - adverbs - pronouns -
prepositions - conjunctions - interjections
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) NOUNS
Words that name people, places, things, or ideas.
NOUNS
1 POSITION IN A SENTENCE
1. Subject of the sentence
e.g. The cat sleeps.
2. Direct object
e.g. I saw a cat.
3. Indirect object
e.g. I gave the cat a treat.
4. Complement
e.g. i love playing with cats.
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2 POSSIBLE ENDINGS:
NOUNS
-ment (e.g., "development")
-ness (e.g., "happiness")
-tion (e.g., "information")
-ity (e.g., "city")
-er (e.g., "teacher")
-ship (e.g., "friendship")
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) VERBS
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Words that describes an action, state, or process.
1 POSITION IN A SENTENCE
VERBS
1. After the subject
She runs every day.
2. Before the direct object
She reads a book.
3. After auxiliaries
She has finished her homework.
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2 POSSIBLE ENDINGS:
VERBS
-ed (past tense, e.g., "walked")
-ing (present participle, e.g., "walking")
-s/es (third person singular, e.g., "walks")
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ADJECTIVE
A word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
1 POSITION IN A SENTENCE
1. Before the noun
A beautiful day. ADJECTIVES
2. After linking verbs
The day is beautiful.
3. After certain verbs
She looks happy.
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2 POSSIBLE ENDINGS:
-ful (e.g., "beautiful")
-less (e.g., "careless")
-ous (e.g., "dangerous") ADJECTIVES
-ive (e.g., "active")
-al (e.g., "personal")
-ING/ED (E.G., "TIRED/TIRING")
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PREPOSITION
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A word that shows the relationship between a noun
or pronoun and another word in the sentence.
1 POSITION IN A SENTENCE
1. Before a noun or pronoun
She sat on the chair.
2. Introducing prepositional phrases
He lives in the city. PREPOSITIONS
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2 POSSIBLE ENDINGS:
They do not have specific endings.
Examples:
On - The book is on the table.
In - She lives in New York.
Under - The cat is under the bed. PREPOSITIONS
Between - The park is between the school and the library.
With - She goes to school with her brother.
At - We will meet at the cafe.
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ADVERB
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb,
indicating manner, time, place, frequency, or degree.
01 POSITION IN A SENTENCE
1. Before or after the main verb
She quickly ran. / She ran quickly.
2. Before an adjective
He is very tall.
3. Before another adverb
She sings very beautifully. ADVERBS
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 2 ADVERBS OF MANNER: how an action is performed
-ly (e.g., "quickly")
-ward (e.g., "forward")
-wise (e.g., "otherwise")
3 ADVERBS OF TIME:when or how often an action occurs.
now, later, yesterday, always, never, often, soon
4 ADVERBS OF PLACE: where an action takes place.
here, there, everywhere, outside, upstairs ADVERBS
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) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ADVERBS OF DEGREE: to what extent/how much something happens.
very, quite, almost, too, enough
6 ADVERBS OF PURPOSE: TO explain why something happens.
therefore, hence, thus, because, consequently
7 Relative Adverbs: to connect clauses or sentences
when, where, why
ADVERBS
CONJUCTIONS
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Words that link clauses, phrases, or words in a sentence.
AND, BUT, FOR, THEREFORE, HOWEVER, ALTHOUGH, ETC.
ex: She wanted to go for a walk, however, it started raining.
INTERJECTIONS
Words or phrases that express strong emotions or sudden feelings.
OH! WOW! YAY! HURRAH! OUCH! GRR! YUCK!
ex: Yuck! That smell is awful.
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WORD FORMATION
NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB
CREATION CREATE CREATIVE CREATIVELY
SUCCESS SUCCEED SUCCESSFUL SUCCESSFULLY
DECISION DECIDE DECISIVE DECISIVELY
CE!
LET'S
PRA C TI
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