This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles
for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D360 − 12 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Shellac Varnishes1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope lac varnish. Each type and grade may be furnished in very
1.1 This specification covers shellac varnish consisting of a light, light, medium, heavy, very heavy, or extra heavy body
solution or “cut” of a specified type and grade of dry lac resin varnish, as specified.
in specially denatured alcohol. Ninety-five percent (190 proof) 4. Color
ethyl alcohol, specially denatured according to Formula No. 1
of the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms of the Treasury Dept., is 4.1 The color of shellac varnish shall be no darker than the
the solvent most commonly used. However, other specially color of a standard varnish of the same nonvolatile matter
denatured alcohols and proprietary solvents are also used for content mutually agreed upon between the purchaser and the
this purpose. seller.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded NOTE 1—Attention is called to the fact that the purchaser and the seller
must agree upon one of the two methods for determining color appearing
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
in Test Methods D29.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. 5. Drying Time
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- 5.1 Shellac varnish shall dry hard in 1 h. Shellac varnishes
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- having a body greater than that for a light body varnish shall be
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the thinned to the nonvolatile matter content of a light body
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- varnish. Special conditions for this test may be made by mutual
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6. Body and Cut
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 The body and cut of the respective types and grades
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 shall be based on the percent of nonvolatile matter and shall
D29 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Lac Resins conform to the following minimum requirements:
(Withdrawn 2005)3 Nonvolatile Matter, min,
D207 Specification for Dry Bleached Lac (Discontinued %
2000) (Withdrawn 2001)3 Bleached,
Orange, Regular
D237 Specification for Orange Shellac and Other Lacs Grades and
(Withdrawn 2006)3 A and B Refined
3. Types, Grades, and Bodies Very light body (3-lb (1.4-kg) cut) 28.5 28.0
varnish
3.1 This specification covers two grades, A and B, of orange Light body (4-lb (1.8-kg) cut) varnish 35.0 34.5
Medium body (4.5-lb (2.0-kg) cut) 37.5 37.0
shellac varnish and two grades, regular and refined, of bleached varnish
Heavy body (5-lb (2.3-kg) cut) varnish 40.0 39.5
Very heavy body (6-lb (2.7-kg) cut) 44.0 43.5
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee D01 on varnish
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsi- Extra heavy body (8-lb (3.6-kg) cut) 51.0 50.5
bility of Subcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins. varnish
Current edition approved June 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
approved in 1933. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D360 – 12. DOI: NOTE 2—The term “cut” is defined as the number of pounds of dry lac
10.1520/D0360-12R19. resin (containing only that amount of moisture acceptable for proper
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or cutting with the solvent to ensure a satisfactory varnish) that were added
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM to 1 gal (3.8 L) of specified solvent in manufacturing the varnish.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Allowance has, therefore, been made for 2 % maximum moisture and
the ASTM website. other volatile matter and 3 % insoluble matter in orange shellac, and for
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on 6 % moisture and other volatile matter in bleached lac, in arriving at a
www.astm.org. minimum value. Varnishes of the above specified bodies or “cuts” should
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
D360 − 12 (2019)
accordingly conform to the respective minimum requirements specified between the purchaser and the seller. The label of the container
for nonvolatile matter. shall show the type, grade, body or cut, and date of manufac-
ture of the varnish contained therein.
7. Properties of Dry Lac
7.1 The nonvolatile matter in the varnish shall conform to 9. Test Methods
the Properties section of Specification D207 and Table 1 of 9.1 The sampling and methods of testing shall be conducted
Specification D237. in accordance with Test Methods D29.
8. Package Marking 10. Keywords
8.1 Shellac varnish shall be packaged in standard commer- 10.1 denatured alcohol; dry lac resin; orange shellac; shellac
cial containers of the type and size mutually agreed upon varnish
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