Title

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE RESPONSE

OF OKRA TO HORSE MANURE AND
UREA IO-CHEMICAL STUDY ON THE INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF
MAKABUHAY (Tinoparumpii boerlage)
(the title of the study should be Capitalized, centered-Arial 12- single
space . The scientific name of the plant or animal understudy should be
ITALICIZED.)

A Science Investigatory Project

Presented to
Benthel Asia School of Technology, Inc.

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements in Science 11

by:
(the leader’s name will be in the first one to mention and followed by the
names of the members and it should be arranged in alphabetical order.)
Mary Claudine N. Dime
Tom Cruise
Ding-Dong Dantes
Chris Evans

Date Submitted:
(Month Year)
November 2024
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Recognition:
(Express gratitude to individuals, institutions, or organizations that
helped or provided support during the project.)

The researchers would like to express their sincerest appreciation

and gratitude to these individuals who in one way or another contributed
and extended their valuable assistance in the preparation and completion
of this study.

Madam Lani T. Cabatingan, MBA, the Benthel Asia School of

Technology, Inc. school directress, for her compassionate support and
valuable assistance;

Mrs. Arneda Q. Batan, the Benthel Asia School of Technology,

Inc. school principal, for her continuous support and guidance throughout
the research;

Ms. Maria Menie Racho, the Benthel Asia School of Technology,

Inc. Senior High School department coordinator, for his time, continuous
support, and effort in monitoring and checking the research;

Ms. Mary Claudine N. Dime, the research adviser, for her

assistance, advice, and guidance, as well as valuable comments,
suggestions, and provisions that aided in the completion and success of
this study. Finally, by providing unending assistance in completing this
manuscript;

For the Panelist, Mr./Ms. as the Chairman of the Panel, Mr./Ms.

as the Member 1, and Mr./Ms. as the member 2, for their assistance,
expertise, and supportive comments;

The researchers' respective families, friends, and classmates, for

their love, moral support, understanding, and remarkable encouragement
in pursuing this research;

Saint Jude Thaddeus, and Mother Mary, for the constant

intercession, protection, and guidance;

Most of all to the Almighty God, for being our constant source of
strength, wisdom, love, guidance, and inspiration, as well as for bestowing
immeasurable blessings because, without Him, none of this would be
possible.

Mary Claudine N. Dime

Tom Cruise
Ding-Dong Dantes
Chris Evans
 ABSTRACT

Title : (THE TITLE OF THE STUDY SHOULD BE

CAPITALIZED, CENTERED-ARIAL 12- SINGLE SPACE. THE
SCIENTIFIC NAME OF THE PLANT OR ANIMAL UNDERSTUDY
SHOULD BE ITALICIZED.)

Researchers : BOLD LETTERS

Grade Level : Grade 11 GAS- Emerald

School : Benthel Asia School of Technology, Inc.

Adviser : Ms. Mary Claudine N. Dime, LPT

Date Completed : March , 2025

This was a descriptive correlational study that aimed to determine

the relationship between the e-learning platform utilization, learning style,
and profile among BSED Science majors. This was made through giving
an online survey via Google Form to selected 58 General Science majors
at University of Cebu-Main.

The study revealed that:1) majority of the respondents were 20–21

years old, females which belong to poor economic status. 2) most
preferred learning style of respondents is solitary followed by logical, then
social. 3) BSEd Science majors always utilize Google Meet, LMS,
Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, YouTube, Google Classroom, and
PDF viewer. 4) the respondents’ profile is no correlation with the level of
utilization of e-learning platforms. 5) only aural and kinesthetic learning
styles are correlated with the level of utilization of e-learning platforms.

Therefore, teachers should focus on providing various opportunities

for students to learn independently, logically, and collaboratively in their
learning processes. Furthermore, the aural and kinesthetic learner must
utilize e-learning platforms that accommodate their learning style through
audio or audio-visual aids like videos and performance-based or project-
based activities that would allow the students to experience hands-on and
authentic learning. Major recommendations and a proposed intervention
plan were made based on the findings and conclusions drawn in the
study.
Summary of the Project:
(Briefly describe the purpose, methodology, and findings of the
investigation in no more than 250 words.)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Second page- All caps-centered-boldface-Arial 12-double space)
Page
Title Page i
Acknowledgement ii
Abstract

Table of Contents

List of Tables
List of Figure
List of Plates x
Chapter

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

INTRODUCTION 1

Background of the Study

Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitation

Chapter REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 19

2 Related Literature
Conceptual Framework
Hypothesis
Definition of Terms
Chapter METHODOLOGY
3 Materials
Collection of
(Plant/Main material of the study to be tested)
Disposal
Methodology Flow Chart
Chapter RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4

Chapter CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5

REFERENCE
DOCUMENTATION
CURRICULUM VITAE
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Characteristics of Chalk Liming Product 21

 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Conceptual Paradigm 19
2 Flow Chart on Glass Making out of Charcoal
 LIST OF PLATES

Plate Title
Page
1 Preparation of Materials 19
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

(next page: a separate page-All caps-centered-boldface-Arial 12-double

space)

 The parts of the introduction should be stated in arial 12, double

space, justified but correct paragraph margin should be observed,

Upper and Lower cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower

sides, and for the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts

of this research paper.

 It includes the following:

 Background of the Study (left most part, BOLD, 2

double spaces below the word INTRODUCTION)

- This represents the reasons that lead the investigators to launch

the study may state some observa tions and other relevant

conditions or readings that prompted the investigator to explore

the problem.

- It should be more or less 300-350 words.

- The answers to following questions should be found in this part:

 why did we select this research project?

 Are there others who have done similar studies?

 What have the others done or have not done that moved

me to work in this project?

  What are our own observations relevant to this study?

 Will the result of the study make any contribution in the

attainment of better quality of life?

 Statement of the Problem (left most part, bold, 2 double

spaces below the Background of the Study)

- Clearly state the research problem or questions that the study

aims to answer.

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

- This defines the scope and limits of the problem.

- It contains the main problem and the sub or specific questions.

- It should start with the main problem and an opening statement

for the specific questions that are numbers which will follow in

an enumeration type.

 Significance of the Study (left most part, bold, 2 double

spaces below the Statement of the Problem)

- Explain the importance of the study and its potential impact on

the field of science, society, or education.

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be

 observed, Upper and Lower cases and 1 inch margin of right,

upper and lower sides, and for the left side is 1 ½ margin. This

is true to all the parts of this research paper.

- It states the reasons why the study is worth making and how it

can contribute to the community or the country or the different

possible beneficiaries of this study. Each of the beneficiaries

should be specified together with its impact to them in a

paragraph form each.

 Scope and Limitations (left most part, bold, 2 double

spaces below the Significance of the Study)

- Define the extent of the study, including the boundaries and

constraints faced during the research process.

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

- It includes the time, money, personnel, tools, and techniques

involved.

- It also includes the extent of the researchers’ knowledge and

experience related to the topic area.

- It includes practical and ethical considerations that affected the

way the project is designed.

 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

(next page: a separate page-All caps-centered-boldface-Arial 12-double

space)

- Discuss previous studies, theories, and findings relevant to your

research topic. Use proper citations.

- It tells about previews studies made on the project.

- Studies related in purpose, methods, findings, summary

statements of studies being reviewed and relevant literature

from books, journals, Web.

- Observe correct citations (Author’s family name, year of

publication)

- Cite at least 10 related literatures.

- The articles or literatures should be summarized with a correctly

cited reference at the end of each paragraph. (note: references

should be enclosed in a parenthesis)

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.
- Each related literature should start with the title of the article

which will be in the left most part, Arial 12. BOLD.

 Conceptual Framework

- It is the figure 1 of the study: Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

- It illustrates the dependent and independent variables of the

study which will be presented using boxes and arrows.

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

 Hypothesis (left most part, bold, 2 double spaces below

the Conceptual Framework)

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

- It contains the tentative answers of the problems.

- Each of the questions in the statement of the problem should

have a corresponding hypothesis.

 Definition of Terms (left most part, bold, 2 double

spaces below the Hypothesis)

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

- It operationally defines all the important terminologies

mentioned on this paper’s research title

- Should be arranged alphabetically

 Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

(SEPARATE PAGE/ ARIAL 12/DOUBLE SPACES/ALL

CAPS/BOLDFACE)

 Research Design:

- Describe the overall approach and design of the study,

whether experimental, descriptive, etc.

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

rese arch paper.

 Materials and Equipment:

- List all the materials, chemicals, and equipment used during

the investigation.

- List down all the materials used in this study in a paragraph

form with an opening statement.

 - It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

Example:

The materials that were used in this study were: (cite all the

materials used.)

 Collection

- Specify the location were you’ve collected the important

specimen in the study and the exact amount that you’ve used in

a paragraph form.

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

Example:

A pack of mango seeds was collected from Basak Mercado, Basak,

Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu. Only fifteen (15) of these were used in the

experiment
  Procedure:

- (Step-by-step explanation of how the research was conducted,

including data collection and analysis methods.)

- Specify the steps or procedure of the experiment example:

A. Measurement of the Materials Needed

One (1) tablespoon of sand and one (1) tablespoon of soda ash

were measured and then poured into the mortar and pestle.

Then, they were finely pounded.

B. Preparation of the set-up

Three (3) set ups were prepared; set-up one (1) was made up of

(specify the composition with the measurement); set-up two (2)

… and set-up three (3)

C. Preparation of the Grill

Charcoal was prepared into the grill…

D. Preparation of the Mixture

The…

E. Heating of Charcoal

The…

F. Application of the Headed Charcoal

The…
- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

 Disposal

- It should be stated in Arial 12, double spaces, justified but

correct paragraph margin should be observed, Upper and Lower

cases and 1 inch margin of right, upper and lower sides, and for

the left side is 1 ½ margin. This is true to all the parts of this

research paper.

A. Disposal of Oranges Used

The….

B. Disposal of the Piece of Cloth

The ….

C. Disposal of the Utensils

The…
 METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART

(Separate paper/ all caps/ centered/boldface)

Preparation of Materials

Measurement of the Materials Needed

Preparation of the Grill

Preparation of the Mixture

Heating of Charcoal

Application of the Heated Charcoal

 Evaluation of Data

Figure 2: Flowchart on Glass Making out of Charcoal

 CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
(Separate Paper/ All caps/ Centered / Boldface)
- Make an opening statement of the chapter in a paragraph form,
Example:
The measurements that were recorded form the experiment

focused more on how the seeds developed over the course

of the experiment.

Table 1. Effect of Tap Water and Hot Water in Plant Growth

Trial 1 Tap Water Hot Water
Pot 1 Day 1 Day 2 Day 1 Day 2
The sprouts The sprouts The seed The
began to came out of swelled. sprout
show. the seeds. began to
show.
Pot 2
Pot 3
Trial 2 Tap Water Hot Water
Pot 1 Day 1 Day 2 Day 1 Day 2
The sprouts The sprouts The seed The
began to came out of swelled. sprout
show. the seeds. began to
show.
Pot 2
Pot 3
Trial 3 Tap Water Hot Water
Pot 1 Day 1 Day 2 Day 1 Day 2
The sprouts The sprouts The seed The
began to came out of swelled. sprout
show. the seeds. began to
show.
Pot 2
 Pot 3

The table 1 shows the rate of the growth of seeds

during a two-day period in three trials. As the table shows, there is

a difference between the growth of the seeds with tap water and

with the plants that were watered with hot water.

 Presentation of Data:
(Use tables, graphs, or charts to present the collected data.)
 Analysis of Data:
(Interpret the data and discuss any patterns, trends, or
relationships observed.)
 Discussion:
(Relate the findings to the research problem and objectives.
Discuss whether the hypothesis was supported or refuted.)
 CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

 Conclusion
- Summarize the findings and provide answers to the research
questions or problems.
Example:
Based from the data gathered, the researchers conclude
that the water exposed to 25 degrees was the most effective
amongst the three temperatures of water. Furthermore, it was also
concluded that…………
 Recommendations
- Suggest further research, applications, or improvements
based on the study's results.
Example:
Based from the drawn conclusions, the researchers recommend
the following:
1. Conduct more reliable tests using varied temperatures.
2. Use other fluids in testing the efficiency of __________.
 REFRENCES
(List all the sources cited in the study, following a proper citation
format like APA.)
Books

Dziuban, C., Moskal, P., & Hartman, J. (2005). Higher education,

blended learning, and the generations: Knowledge is power: No
more. Elements of quality online education: Engaging communities.
Needham, MA: Sloan Center for Online Education.

Fearing, A. & Riley, M. (2005). Graduate students’ perceptions of online

teaching and relationship to preferred learning styles. Medsurg
Nursing, 14, 383-389.

Journals

Baharudin, A. F., Sahabudin, N. A., & Kamaludin, A. (2017). Behavioral

tracking in e-learning by using learning styles approach. Indonesian
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 8 (1), 17-
26.Retrieved fromhttps://www.
researchgate.net/publication/322029110_Behavioral_Tracking_in_Ele
arning_by_Using_Learning_Styles_Approach.

Internet sources

Abad, M., (2020). How metro schools continue lessons amid coronavirus
threat. Retrieved from https://rappler.com/news break/iq/how-metro-
manila-schoolscontinue-lessons-coronavirus -threat.

Aldama, P. (2020). What will happen to poor students when schools go

online? Retrieved from https://rappler.com/voices/ispeak/opi
nion -poorstudents-schools-online-coronavirus.
 DOCUMENTATION

Plate 1: Preparation of Materials

(Include raw data, consent forms, or other materials used in the
research that are relevant but not included in the main text.)
 CURRICULUM VITAE

MARY CLAUDINE N. DIME

Bago, Asturias, Cebu
09123456789
dimeclaudine@gmail.com

PERSONAL DATA:

Date of Birth : ..
Age :
Place of Birth:
Citizenship :
Civil Status :
Sex :
Religion :

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
GRADUATED SCHOOL YEAR
Elementary Balamban Central Elementary School 2008
High School St. Francis Academy 2012

ACHIEVEMENTS:
Elementary :
High School :
 TECHNICALITIES
1. MARGIN:
TOP: 2.54 CM
LEFT: 5.08 CM
BOTTOM: 2.54 CM
RIGHT: 2.54 CM

2. FONT STLE: Arial

3. FONT SIZE: 12