教师资格证面试-英语学科-高频语音点讲解参考
注：1. 均为通俗讲法，为的是让学生理解，不作为专业的语音研究参考；2. 总结高频内容，不是总结全部内容；
3. 小学多关注自然拼读，其他学段都要看
音标 phoneme/自然拼读 sound of word
音标 常见字母组合 试讲讲解方法
[ʌ] u up bus cup
oo flood blood This sound is a little bit shorter.
o mother does Open our mouth, lower your tip of tongue against teeth.
ou trouble
[a:] ar car farm card
a fast class last glass Our mouth opens widely, and the tongue is flat. And it’s long.
al calm behalf
[ʊ] u put push
oo look good This sound is a little bit shorter.
o woman Our mouth is round. Rise the back part of your tongue slightly.
ou should could
[uː] u blue true
This sound is a little bit longer.
oo food tooth
Our mouth is round. Rise your back part of tongue.
o do
[i:] ee tree sheep see
ea eat tea meat This sound is a little bit longer.
e he she me Our mouth opens slightly, and the tip of tongue is against lower teeth.
ei receive ceiling
[i] i sit it is
Our mouth opens slightly, and the tip of tongue is against lower teeth. And it is very
y many happy
short.
e defect decide
[ɜː] ir shirt third bird
ear earth heard Our mouth opens slightly, and the tongue is flat. But the middle part rises a little. And
ur Thursday burger it’s long.
or work word
[ə] er teacher leader
or doctor actor mayor
ou delicious
ar familiar dollar Our mouth opens slightly, and the tongue is flat. But the middle part rises a little. And
o together tomorrow it’s short.
a banana Japan
e listen written
u Saturday
[ɔ:] au author autumn
our four
ar warm quarter
al small talk walk
Your mouth is round and forward. And it’s long
aw law
augh caught daughter
ough bought
or more for sport
[ɔ] o hot lost lot not
Your mouth is round and forward. And it’s short.
a wash
[u:] oo room fool tooth
u truth
ew drew grew flew
Our mouth is round and tense. Back part of tongue rise. And it’s long
o prove do two
ou group
ue blue glue
[u] oo look good foot book
ou should could
o Our mouth is round and tense. Back part of tongue rise. And it’s short
whose
u put push
[ei] a..e name cake late
ay/ey play say may they
ai/ei rain paint It combines /e/ with /i/, firstly we pronounce /e/ and slide to /i/ naturally.
ea freak break great
[ai] i..e bike fine nine like
It combines /a/ with /i/, firstly we pronounce /a/ and slide to /i/ naturally.
y my try fly
[ɔi] oy boy toy joy
It combines /ɔ/ with /i/, firstly we pronounce /ɔ/ and slide to /i/ naturally.
oi oil soil voice
[aʊ] ou house out account
It combines /a/ with /ʊ/, firstly we pronounce /a/ and slide to /ʊ/ naturally.
ow flower down now
[əʊ] o..e hope home whole
o cold go no
ow know low grow It combines /ə/ with /ʊ/, firstly we pronounce /ə/ and slide to /ʊ/ naturally.
oa boat coat
[iə] e hero series
eer beer deer
ear fear ear
ea idea area It combines /i/ with /ə/, firstly we pronounce /i/ and slide to /ə/ naturally.
ier fierce
ere here mere
[ʊə] our tour
oor poor
wer power It combines /ʊ/ with /ə/, firstly we pronounce /ʊ/ and slide to /ə/ naturally.
ure sure
[ɛə] ear bear
air pair chair air fair
are care It combines /e/ with /ə/, firstly we pronounce /e/ and slide to /ə/ naturally.
ere there where
[l] Use the tip of our tongue touch our upper gum and you can feel the air coming out
class school world fly
through both sides of our tongue.
[θ] It’s a fricative and it’s voiceless, which means your vocal cord won’t vibrate.
think thank Just use your tip of tongue to touch your teeth and you can feel the air coming out
between them.
[ð] It’s a fricative and it’s voiced, which means your vocal cord vibrates.
that this though Just use your tip to touch your teeth and you can feel the air coming out between
your tip and teeth.
[v] It’s a fricative and it’s voiced, which means your vocal cord vibrates.
very every voice evening Just bite your lower lip with your upper teeth slightly, and you can feel air coming
out between them.
[w] Our mouth is small and round. Our back part of tongue rises a lot. And it’s very short.
wind, what, Wednesday
[m] It’s a nasal. Our mouth is closed, tongue is flat. And you can feel the air coming out
my Mike
from our nose.
[n] It’s a nasal. Open your mouth a little, use your tip of tongue to touch your upper gum.
nose nurse want
And try to feel the air coming out from our nose.
[ŋ] Our mouth is open, rise the back part of tongue a lot to block your vocal cord. And try
song drink
to feel the air coming out from our nose.
[tr] It’s an affricative and it’s voiceless, which means your vocal cord won’t vibrate.
tree treat train Our mouth is round, and our tip is again the gum.
[dr] It’s an affricative and it’s voiced, which means your vocal cord will vibrate.
dream drink drag
Our mouth is round, and our tip is again the gum.
[ts] It’s an affricative and it’s voiceless, which means your vocal cord won’t vibrate.
sits parents
Use your blade to touch your upper gum, and let air flow break through your mouth
[dz] It’s an affricative and it’s voiced, which means your vocal cord will vibrate. Use your
beds needs
blade to touch your upper gum, and let air flow break through your mouth
[tʃ] It’s an affricative and it’s voiceless, which means your vocal cord won’t vibrate.
teacher picture Our mouth is round and small. Firstly, using your tip of tongue to touch your teeth,
and when you pronounce, you will feel air breaking this obstacle.
[dʒ] It’s an affricative and it’s voiced, which means your vocal cord will vibrate.
jeep bridge Our mouth is round and small. Firstly, using your tip of tongue to touch your teeth,
and when you pronounce, you will feel air breaking this obstacle.
重音 stress 及其音节划分
什么是音节（syllable）
A syllable is “one pulse of speech”, which usually contains one loud or prominent part (almost always a vowel sound) and
may optionally have consonant sounds preceding or following the vowel.
---《语言学导论》北京师范大学
音节划分方法
每个音节中必须有一个元音音标
如果两个元音字母之间只有一个辅音字母，这个辅音字母就划归为后面的一个音节，例如 later- /ˈleɪ｜tə/
如果两个元音字母并列而无固定的发音，则各划归为前后两个音节 fluent - /fluː｜ənt/
如果两个元音字母之间有两个辅音字母，那么第一个划归为前面的音节，第二个划归为后面的音节 letter - /ˈle｜
tə/
/l/，/n/又叫成音节，出现在单词词尾和辅音结合时，可充当元音并形成音节 little /ˈlɪ｜tl/
单词重音一般规律
单音节词重音在前
双音节词重音也通常在第一个音节上
多音节词重音在倒数第三个音节上
试讲参考
This is the regular rule about stress.
If a word contains only one syllable, like ‘take, map’(板书单词). We should read strongly from the beginning. For example,
take, map(板书重音符号)…
And if a word contains two syllables, like ‘matter, daily’(板书单词). We should also read the words strongly from the
beginning. For example, matter, daily. (板书重音符号)
If a word contains more than two syllables like ‘satisfy, environment’ (板书单词). The third syllable from the end should
be read strongly. For example, satisfy, environment (板书重音符号)…
This is the regular rule about stress.
But there are also some irregular rules. For example:
If the word begins/ends with ‘-ee, -eer’, like ‘employee, volunteer’. The stress should fall on the last syllable. For example,
employee, volunteer. Understand? You are so clever.
句子重读 sentence stress
基本规律：实词重读；首词重读；根据语意进行重读
试讲参考
This is a new pronunciation rule we will learn today; it is called sentence stress.
If we want to read a sentence in rhythm and express ourselves clearly, we should pay attention to the stress. Normally, there
are two rules, one is that the stress should fall on notional words like noun, verb, adjective, adverb and so on.
The other one is that the stress should fall on words which are thought to be important by the speaker.
And we should also know, generally, we should read strongly at the beginning of a sentence.
意群和停顿 sense group and pause
什么是意群（sense group）
：Sense group is a group of words divided from a long sentence according to structure, grammar
and meaning.
为什么停顿（pause）Sometimes, when reading a long sentence, we should pause/stop at certain places to make our expression
clear.
试讲参考
This is new knowledge we are going to learn today; we call it “Pause”.
Just like what we can see on the blackboard. Sometimes, when reading a long sentence, we should pause at certain places to
make our expression clear. Usually, we stop between sense groups or at punctuations.
What is the sense group? Yes, it is a group of words divided from a long sentence according to structure, grammar and meaning.
For example,‘There is no doubt ｜that the earth is becoming warmer｜ and that it is human activity ｜that has caused this
global warming ｜rather than a random ｜but natural phenomenon.（替换成所讲题目中的长句）’ Clear? You are so clever,
then let’s do some exercise.
爆破 plosive
失去爆破 Loss of plosive
爆破音+爆破音（/p/ /b/ /d/ /t/ /g//k/）Doctor - /ˈdɒktə/ Blackboard - /ˈblækbɔːd/
不完全爆破 Incomplete plosive
爆破音+摩擦音 frictive/塞擦音 affrictive（/p/ /t/ /k/ /d/ /g/ /b/+ /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /h/）a big chance；
good friend
鼻腔爆破 nasal plosive（/t/ /d/ + /m/ /n/）Good morning；Good night
舌侧爆破 tongue plosive（/t/ /d/ + /l/）loudly quietly
试讲参考
This is new knowledge we are going to learn today; we call it plosive.
Just like what we can see on the blackboard, sometimes, in a sense group, if the former word ends with a plosive, for example
/d/, and the following word begins with a plosive, too, like /b/, the former plosive should be silent. So‘good bye’becomes
‘goo bye’, Clear? You are so clever, then let’s do some exercise.
in one word, if there are two plosives meet, the former one should be silent. For example, ‘doctor, rectangle’.
连读 liaison
辅音+元音 pick up；check i t out
/r/+元音 for example； remember it
元音+元音（加音连读）
加音 [ j ]：
（[i:] [i] [ei] [ai] [ɔi]+元音）my arm /maɪjɑːm /
加音 [w]： （[uː] [ʊ] [əʊ] [aʊ]+元音）go away /ɡəʊ wəˈweɪ /
试讲参考
This is new knowledge we are going to learn today; we call it liaison.
Sometimes, in a sense group, if the former word ends with a consonant, and the following word begins with a vowel, we can
read them together like one syllable.
For example, pick up, check it out, Clear? You are so clever, then let’s do some exercise.
同化 assimilation
什么是同化 Assimilation is a process in which phonemes are modified to be similar neighboring sounds
同化的常见情况
/j/ 受到/s/ /z/ /t/ /d/ 的影响
/d/+/j/=/dʒ/ would you
/t/+/j/= /tʃ/ meet you
/s/+/j/=/ʃ/ miss you
/z/+/j/=/ʒ/ please you
/v/ 受到/k/ /p/ /t/ /g/的影响
/v/+/k/=/fk/ five kites
/v/+/p/=/fp/ five past ten
/v/+/t/=/ft/ have to
/v/+/g/=/fg/ I love gardening
/z/ 受到/k/ /p/ /t/ 的影响
/z/+/k/=/sk/ as can be seen
/z/+/p/=/sp/ newspaper
/z/+/t/=/st/ has to
/n/ 受到/k/ /g/ /b/ /m/ /p/的影响
/n/+/k/=/ŋk/ pancake
/n/+/g/=/ŋg/ can go
/n/+/b/=/mb/ can buy
/n/+/m/=/mm/ ten men
/n/+/p/=/mp/ ten people
试讲参考
This is new knowledge we are going to learn today; we call it ‘Assimilation’.
Just like what we can see on the blackboard. Sometimes, in a sense group, when we read two words together, there will be
little different from reading them separately. For example, ‘would you’,(板书) here, /d/ and /j/, to make them easier to read,
together, we can say /dʒ/. So, ‘would you’, we can also say ‘would you’.
Clear? You are so clever, then let’s do some exercise.
语调 intonation
什么是语调：Intonation refers to the way the voice goes up and down in pitch where we are speaking.
常见的句子语调
Yes-no questions: Rising. e.g., Have you got a pen?
Statements: Falling. e.g., It’s over there.
Imperatives: Falling. e.g., Put it on the table.
Information questions with who, what, how, etc.: Falling (if being asked for the first time) e.g. What’s your name?
Question tags expecting confirmation: Rising and falling. e.g., You are Chinese, aren’t you?
Questing tags showing less certainty: Rising. e.g., You are Chinese, aren’t you?
Lists of items: Rising, rising, and finally falling. e.g., You need a pan, a pencil, and some paper.
试讲参考
When speaking English, we should pay attention to intonation. That can make our expression emotional.
Usually, we use a falling tone in statements, and use a rising tone in Yes-no questions. When we express a list, we should keep
a rising tone until the last item, we use a falling tone. For example, we need a pen, a pencil, a ruler and some paper.
But we should also know since we use intonation to express our feeling, so it is not fixed, we should consider the specific
situation.
